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Encyclopedia > Guiana Space Centre

Coordinates: 5°11′4″N, 52°45′45″W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

The now-decommissioned Ariane 4 launch site
The now-decommissioned Ariane 4 launch site

The Guiana Space Centre (French: Centre Spatial Guyanais or CSG) is a French spaceport near Kourou in French Guiana. Operational since 1968, it is particularly suitable as a location for a spaceport due to its proximity to the equator, and the fact that launches in the favourable direction are over water. The European Space Agency, the French space agency CNES, and the commercial Arianespace company conduct launches from Kourou. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,272 × 1,704 pixels, file size: 850 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The now (as of 2003) decommissioned Ariane 4 launch pad. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,272 × 1,704 pixels, file size: 850 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The now (as of 2003) decommissioned Ariane 4 launch pad. ... A spaceport is a site for launching spacecraft, by analogy with airport for aircraft. ... Kourou is a town and commune in French Guiana. ... World map showing the equator in red In tourist areas, the equator is often marked on the sides of roads The equator marked as it crosses Ilhéu das Rolas, in São Tomé and Príncipe. ... ESA redirects here. ... This article is about the space agency. ... Founded in 1980, Arianespace SA undertakes the production, operation and marketing of the Ariane 4 and Ariane 5 rocket launchers as part of the Ariane programme. ...


The spaceport was selected in 1964 to become the spaceport of France. When the European Space Agency (ESA) was founded in 1975, France offered to share Kourou with ESA. Commercial launches are bought also by non-European companies. ESA pays two thirds of the spaceport's annual budget, and has also financed the upgrades made during the development of the Ariane launchers. A spaceport is a site for launching spacecraft, by analogy with airport for aircraft. ... ESA redirects here. ... The Ariane 4 Ariane is a series of a European civilian expendable launch vehicles for space launch use. ...

Contents

Facilities

The final assembly building for Ariane 5

Kourou is located approximately 500 km north of the equator, at a latitude of 5°10'. At this latitude, the Earth's rotation gives an additional velocity of approximately 500 m/s, when the launch trajectory heads eastward. Therefore, manœuvreing the satellites to the desired orbit is usually a simpler process. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,704 × 2,272 pixels, file size: 791 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)This is the BIF (Bâtiment dIntégration Final - Final Assembly Building) at CSG - Spet 2007Merlinthewizard 16:33, 25 September 2007 (UTC... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,704 × 2,272 pixels, file size: 791 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)This is the BIF (Bâtiment dIntégration Final - Final Assembly Building) at CSG - Spet 2007Merlinthewizard 16:33, 25 September 2007 (UTC...


The ground facilities at GSC include launcher and satellite preparation buildings, launch operation facilities and a solid propellant factory. GSC covers a total of 850 square kilometres.


ELA 1

The first launch complex for Ariane rockets, ELA 1, was used for Ariane 1, Ariane 2 and Ariane 3 launches until it was retired in 1989.[1] Ariane I is the first version of the Ariane launcher family. ... The Ariane 2 and Ariane 3 were expendable launch systems in the Ariane family designed by the European Space Agency. ... The Ariane 2 and Ariane 3 were expendable launch systems in the Ariane family designed by the European Space Agency. ...


ELA 2

ELA 2 was used for Ariane 4 launches until 2003. Ariane 42P rocket with the TOPEX/Poseidon satellite (Kourou, August 10, 1992) (NASA) Ariane 4 was an expendable launch system, designed by the European Space Agency and manufactured and marketed by its subsidiary Arianespace. ...


ELA 3

ELA 3 is currently in active use for Ariane 5 launches. These facilities cover 21 square kilometres.[2] Ariane 5 mock-up Ariane 5 is a European expendable launch system designed to deliver satellites into geostationary transfer orbit and to send payloads to Low Earth orbit. ...


Final assembly building

The Final Assembly Building is located 2.8 kilometers (1.7 mi) from the ELA-3 launch zone. The mobile launch table completes the trip with an Ariane 5 in about one hour. It is then secured in place over the launch pad's flame ducts.[3]


Launch safety

Fire safety is ensured by a detachment of the Paris Fire Brigade. Safety around the base is ensured by French Gendarmerie forces, assisted by the 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment of the French Foreign Legion. Fire engine of the Brigade Sapeurs-Pompiers de Paris parading The Paris Fire Brigade, in French Brigade Sapeurs-Pompiers de Paris(BSPP), is the fire service for the city of Paris and the surrounding departments of Seine-Saint-Denis, Val-de-Marne, Hauts-de-Seine. ... Gendarmes Gendarmes guarding the Paris Hall of Justice Gendarmerie motorcyclists police the roads and autoroutes of rural France. ... The 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment (French: 3e Régiment étranger dinfanterie) (3e REI) is a infantry regiment in the French Foreign Legion. ... Legionnaire redirects here. ...


The Guiana Space Centre (as per CNES) also holds the Îles du Salut, a former penal colony including the infamous Devil's Island. Now a tourist site, the islands are under the launching trajectory for geosynchronous orbit and have to be evacuated during launches. This article is about the space agency. ... For other uses, see Devils Island. ...


Soyuz at CSG

ESA is currently building facilities for launching Russian-built Soyuz rockets from this spaceport near Sinnamari, a village 10 kilometers (six miles) north of the site used for the Ariane-5. Under the terms of a Russo-European joint venture, ESA will augment its own launch vehicle fleet with Soyuz rockets (and use them to launch ESA and/or commercial payloads) and the Russians will get access to the Kourou spaceport for launching their own payloads with Soyuz rockets. They will thus use the Guiana Space Centre as an alternative to their Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan launching site, with the benefit of significantly added payload capability due to the before-mentioned position near the equator. Soyuz rocket on launch pad. ... Map showing the location of Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan The Baikonur Cosmodrome (Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian: Космодром Байконур, Kosmodrom Baykonur), also called Tyuratam, is the worlds oldest and largest operational space launch facility. ... World map showing the equator in red In tourist areas, the equator is often marked on the sides of roads The equator marked as it crosses Ilhéu das Rolas, in São Tomé and Príncipe. ...


The project is being co-funded by Arianespace, ESA, and the European Union, with CNES being the prime contractor. The project has a projected cost of approximately €320 mio, where €120 mio are allocated for modernizing the Soyuz vehicle [4]. The official opening of the launch site construction occurred on February 27, 2007. Excavation work however, started several months before and is expected to run through most of Q2 2007. Russian firms are due to arrive at the spaceport starting March, to build the necessary infrastructure and support facilities for operating the Soyuz launch vehicle. The maiden launch of Soyuz from CSG is currently planned for late 2008. [5] Founded in 1980, Arianespace SA undertakes the production, operation and marketing of the Ariane 4 and Ariane 5 rocket launchers as part of the Ariane programme. ... This article is about the European Space Agency. ... This article is about the space agency. ...


In November 2007, reports[6] emerged attributed to Vladimir Grezdilov, general director of the Mir company, of thefts from the Soyuz site near Sinnamari, a village 10 kilometers (six miles) north of the site used for the Ariane-5, that might cause delays to its completion and the first launches. Grezdilov said that the local security company was involved. November 2007 is the eleventh month of that year. ...


Recent launches

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ... Intelsat 11 is a future communications satellite owned by Intelsat planned to be located at 43° W longitude, serving the Americas market. ... This is a list of the satellites operated by Optus, an Australian telecommunications company. ...

References

  1. ^ Pad List - World Launch Sites. Space Launch Report.
  2. ^ Europe's spaceport. ESA.
  3. ^ Ariane 5 rolls out for Arianespace's fifth launch of 2007. Arianespace (November 8, 2007).
  4. ^ http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Europe_To_Pay_Russia_To_Build_Soyuz_Pad_At_Kourou_Russia.html
  5. ^ http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEM0Q3N0LYE_index_0.html
  6. ^ Thefts Place Russian Rocket Launches Under Threat In French Guiana. RIA Novosti / Spacewar.com (2007-11-22). Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
  7. ^ Arianespace boosts Intelsat 11 and Optus D2 into orbit. Arianespace.

is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... RIA (Russian Information Agency) Novosti is a Russian press agency based in Moscow. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
ESA - Europe's Spaceport (388 words)
Europe's Spaceport is situated in the northeast of South America in French Guiana, an overseas department of France.
For its part, ESA approved funding to upgrade the launch facilities at the CSG to prepare the Spaceport for the Ariane launchers under development.
French Guiana is scarcely populated and 90% of the country is covered by equatorial forests.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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