Gujranwala (Urdu: گوجرانوالہ) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan with a population of 1,132,509 (1998 census).^[1] Gujranwala is located at 32.16° North, 74.18° East and is 700 feet above sea-level. Gujranwala, with a population of over 1.1 is the fifth largest city in Pakistan. It borders with Ghakhar Mandi and some small towns and villages. Punjabi is the local language, however English and Urdu are also common, particularly in schools and offices, as is the case in almost all of Pakistan. Image File history File links Pak_gujr. ... For other uses, see Country (disambiguation). ... Currently, Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces, two territories, and also portions of Kashmir that are administered by the Pakistani government. ... This article is about the Pakistani province. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... A telephone number is a sequence of decimal digits (0-9) that is used for identifying a destination telephone line in a telephone network. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Pakistan Standard Time (PST) is the time zone for Pakistan. ... UTC +5 is the timezone for : Pakistan Standard Time in Pakistan. ... Ronda, Spain Main street in Bastrop, Texas, United States, a small town A town is a community of people ranging from a few hundred to several thousands, although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan areas. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Nazim (Urdu: ناظم ) is the Coordinator of cities and towns in Pakistan. ... Union Council Union Council is a sub part of a district, usually it is a large village also including the nearby small villages. ... Urdu ( , , trans. ... This article is about the Pakistani province. ... For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ... Ghakhar Mandi also known as Ghakhar City or simply Ghakhar (also spelled as Ghakkhar or Gakhar) is a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan with a population of approx. ... Punjabi (also Panjabi; in GurmukhÄ«, PanjābÄ« in ShāhmukhÄ«) is the language of the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ...

History

Early history

The human settlements in Gujranwala existed since antiquity. The first name of the settlement according to the compilers of the first edition of the district Gazette was "Khanpur Shansi" after a member of the Jat tribe who founded eleven villages in the nearby area. Gujjars also settled in the Gujranwala region. They reached such dominance that the town came to be known as Gujranwala. According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India however the town was originally founded by Gujars, and renamed Khanpur by some Sansi Jats of Amritsar who settled there; but its old name has survived.^[2] About 8 million Jats live in the Indian state of Haryana. ... The Gujjar or Gurjar are an ethnic group and caste of the Indian subcontinent. ...

In 630 the Chinese Buddhist pilgrim, Hsuan Tsang visited a major town known as Tse-kia (or Taki) which was in the vicinity of modern Gujranwala. A mound near the modern village of Asarur has been identified as the site of the ancient city. Until the arrival of the Muslims little is known of Gujranwala, except that Taki had fallen into oblivion and Lahore had become the chief city. Under Muslim rule the district flourished for a time; but a mysterious depopulation took place and the whole region seems to have been almost entirely abandoned. The district gazetteer dates the name of Gujranwala to approximately the middle of the 16th century. Other smaller towns in the vicinity e.g. Sohdara, Eminabad, Wazirabad, and Ghakhar have older antecedents than Gujranwala itself. Xuanzang, Dunhuang cave, 9th century. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...   (Urdu: لاہور, Punjabi: لہور, pronounced ) is the capital of the Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. ...

Sikh era

The Sikhs occupied the Punjab after the death of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir in 1707. The town became important during the rule of the father and grandfather of Ranjit Singh.^[2] Maharaja Ranjit Singh who himself was born here became the most powerful of all the Sikh rulers and ruled over for 40 years. After his death in 1840 the Sikh Empire was divided and disintegrated. Religions Sikhism Scriptures Guru Granth Sahib Languages English, Punjabi] A Sikh (English: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is an adherent to Sikhism. ... This article is about the geographical region. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... Aurangzeb (Persian: (full title: Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abdul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, Padshah Ghazi) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), also known by his chosen Imperial title Alamgir I (Conqueror of the Universe) (Persian: ), was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Acts of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Punjabi: ), also called Sher-e-Punjab (The Lion of the Punjab) (1780-1839) was a Sikh ruler of the Punjab. ...

British era

The area was conquered and annexed by the British in 1849. A railway line was built alongside the Grand Trunk Road in 1881 to connect Gujranwala with other cities of the Punjab and made commercial trade between cities more convenient. The municipality of Gujranwala was created in 1867. The North-Western Railway connected Gujranwala with other cities of British India, Calcutta 1,294 miles, 1,322 miles, and Karachi 828 miles^[2] Year 1849 (MDCCCXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Grand Trunk Road (abbreviated to GT Road in common usage) is one of South Asias oldest and longest major roads. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

The population according to the 1901 census of India was 29,224. In 1903-4 the income and expenditure were Rs. 83,100 and Rs. 67,900 respectively. The chief source of income was octroi Rs. 59,700.^[2] Octroi (0. ...

After independence

After Pakistani independence in 1947, Gujranwala developed rapidly and is now a leading city of Pakistan. It is an agricultural marketing centre (grains, melons, sugarcane), it is also a commercial and industrial centre, manufacturing ceramics, iron safes, copper, brass, and aluminum utensils. The establishment of an industrial park with textile, silk, pipefitting, electric fan, and tannery production increased its importance. Cultivation in the surrounding area is dependent upon canal irrigation. Wheat, cotton, rice, barley, and pearl millet are the chief crops.

Economy

Gujranwala is a major agricultural and industrial city of Punjab, Pakistan. The rural areas around Gujranwala produce a large variety of agricultural goods, the main crops are wheat, potatoes, barley and pearl millet. The Gujranwala Chamber of Commerce and Industry (GCCI) shares a building with the zonal and circle offices of Habib Bank Limited, United Bank Limited, Allied Bank Limited and State Bank of Pakistan. This article is about the Pakistani province. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ... For other uses, see Potato (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Barley (disambiguation). ... Binomial name (L.) R. Br. ... Gujranwala Chamber of Commerce and Industry (GCCI) is located at Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. ... Habib Bank Limited (commonly referred to as HBL) (Arabic: ) is the largest bank in Pakistan and a thoroughly established banking chain throughout the world. ... The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) is the central bank of Pakistan. ...

Gujranwala's industrial areas have numerous textile mills, cutlery manufacturing and large agricultural processing plants. The major exports include rice, sugar, textiles, carpets, glass goods, medical equipment, leather products, metal utensils, agricultural equipment, and automotive machinery parts as well as producing machinery for military uses. The main source of energy is a hydro-electric project on the Chenab River. For other uses, see Textile (disambiguation). ... Used cutlery: a plate, a fork and knife, and a drinking glass. ... This article is about the material. ... This article is about metallic materials. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Hydroelectricity is electricity produced by hydropower. ... The Chenab River rises in the Himalayan ranges of Kashmir and flows through the plains of the Punjab, forming the boundary between the Rechna and the Jech Doabs. ...

Transportation

Gujranwala is a major centre of rail, highway and river transportation. It has a dry port for the export of local products to the rest of the world. The nearest airport is the newly-built Sialkot International Airport. Dry Port is a yard used to place containers or conventional bulk cargo, usually connected to a seaport by rail or road. ... Sialkot International Airport (IATA: SKT, ICAO: N/A) is situated 14 km (8. ...

Health

There are many hospitals, clinics and NGOs in Gujranwala, such as the Sundas Foundation and Roshni Homes. The city hospitals are not designed to cope with huge amount of people which now reside in Gujranwala, city still lacks with cheap and proper medical treatment most people visit the hospitals in Lahore. Gujarnwala has only one proper Government hospital called DHQ(civil) hospital which is burdened by the patients from the city. A hospital today is an institution for professional health care provided by physicians and nurses. ... A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an organization that is not part of a government and was not founded by states. ...

Education

There are several colleges affiliated with the University of the Punjab which also operates a main campus offering courses such as LLB, BCom, MCom, and MBA.Another higher education institute is the GIFT University which also offer courses such as LLB, BCom, MBA, Textile and Design, M.A English. There is also the Rachna Engineering University in Gujranwala. Punjab college of commerce& information technology is one of the best college in Gujranwala which has grabbed 15 out of 18 positions in Gujranwala board. Offering courses such as FSc, ICS, ICom, BCom, MCom, and MBA.Other colleges include Elite college of commerce, National college of science, superior college of science, Government college for boys, Government college for girls, Government Islamia college and Cresent college of science. Quaiz-i-Azam Divisional public college is the biggest School in the District it has its own cricket oval and numerous buildings and run by semi-Government and Board of trusties. University of the Punjab (abbreviated as PU) (Urdu: جامعه پنجاب), colloquially known as Punjab University, is located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. ... GIFT University was established in 2002 by the Government of Punjab (Pakistan), and all its degrees are recognized by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. ... Rachna Engineering University is located in Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. ...

At the Community Development front Gujranwala is also home to Roshni Homes Trust[www.roshnihomes.org],an orphanage with a unique system of providing a home, a family and an education to orphaned and abandoned children. All children at Roshni homes receive quality education in premier educational institutes of the city.^[3]

Sports

The main sport in Gujranwala is wrestling, this city has always been famous for its Pehlwans (wrestlers) in Pakistan, which is why the city is also called Pehlwanon Ka Shehar (City of Wrestlers). The main sports are cricket, kabaddi, wrestling, hockey, soccer. This city is also home to the international-standard Jinnah Cricket Stadium. The Gujranwala city lacks Playgrounds and sports facilities and there are not many parks in the city. Ancient Greek wrestlers (Pankratiasts) Wrestling is the act of physical engagement between two unarmed persons, in which each wrestler strives to get an advantage over or control of their opponent. ... Pehlwani (also spelled pahlwani) is a form of wrestling native to India and Pakistan, particularly among the Muslims of the region. ... This article is about the sport. ... Kabaddi (sometimes written Kabbadi or Kabadi) (Telugu: , Punjabi: , Marathi: , Hindi: ,Urdu: ; IPA: ) is a team sport originally from the Indian subcontinent. ... Ancient Greek wrestlers (Pankratiasts) Wrestling is the act of physical engagement between two unarmed persons, in which each wrestler strives to get an advantage over or control of their opponent. ... Hockey is any of a family of sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a ball, or a hard, round disc called a puck, into the opponents net or goal, using a hockey stick. ... Soccer redirects here. ... Jinnah Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Gujranwala, Pakistan. ...

Cuisine

Gujranwala is renowned all over Pakistan for its cuisine, especially barbecue meat dishes and roasted sparrow (Bhune Chirre & Roosi Batair). A barbecue on a trailer at a block party in Kansas City. ...

References

See also

• Gujranwala District
• Gujranwala Division
• Gujranwala Electric Power Company
• Ghakhar Mandi
• Ahmed Nager Chatha
• Aminabad

Gujranwala District is a district in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. ... Gujranwala Division was an administrative division of the Punjab Province of Pakistan, until the reforms of 2000 abolished the third tier of government. ... Gujranwala Electric Power Company (GEPCO) is an electric distribution company which supplies electricity to Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. ... Ghakhar Mandi also known as Ghakhar City or simply Ghakhar (also spelled as Ghakkhar or Gakhar) is a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan with a population of approx. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Aminabad (Urdu: امين آباد) is a town located in Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan. ...

External links

• First Online Newspaper of Gujranwala
• Gujranwala city
• Article on Gujranwala from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica
• Gujranwala Chamber of Commerce and Industries (GCCI)

v • d • e Major cities in Pakistan
Capital Territory	Islamabad**
Sindh	Karachi*, Jacobabad, Hyderabad, Khairpur, Nawabshah, Sukkur, Thatta
Punjab	Attock, Bahawalpur, Chakwal, Chiniot, Faisalabad, Gujar Khan, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Jhelum, Kasur, Mianwali, Lahore*, Multan, Murree, Rahimyar Khan, Rawalpindi, Renala Khurd, Sadiqabad, Sahiwal, Sargodha, Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Taxila
NWFP	Abbottabad, Chitral, Haripur, Kohat, Kohistan, Peshawar*, Mansehra, Mardan, Nowshera, Swat
Balochistan	Gwadar, Quetta*
Azad Kashmir	Mirpur, Muzaffarabad*, Rawalakot
Northern Areas	Gilgit*, Skardu
* Indicates Regional Capitals ** Indicates Federal Capital