Győr  ^listen (German Raab, Slovak Ráb) is the most important city of Northwest-Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron county and lies on one of the important roads of Central Europe, halfway between Budapest and Vienna. The city is the sixth largest one in Hungary and one of the five main regional centres of the country. Hungary is subdivided administratively into 40 regions. ... GY Gy or gy may stand for: gray (unit) for absorbed dose of radiation (Gy) Guyana (ISO country code) Gy, Switzerland, a village in the canton of Geneva in Switzerland Gy, a commune in the Haute-Saône département in France 1 gigayear (1 billion years) (the preferred symbol is Ga... This article explains the meaning of area as a physical quantity. ... Square kilometre ( U.S. spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... A postal code is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... A diacritical mark or accent mark is an additional mark added to a basic letter. ... To play the audio file do not click on the -image. ... Győr-Moson-Sopron is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in north-western Hungary, on the border with Slovakia and Austria. ... Budapest (pronounced BOO-dah-pesht, IPA ), the capital city of Hungary and the countrys principal political, industrial, commercial and transportation centre, has more than 1. ... Vienna (German: Wien [viːn]) is the capital of Austria, and also one of Austrias nine federal states (Bundesland Wien). ...

History

The area has been inhabited since the ancient times. The first large settlement dates back to the 5th century BCE, its inhabitants were Celts. They named the town Arrabona, a name that was used for eight centuries and its shortened form Raab is still used as the German and Slovak name of the city. This article is about the European people. ...

Roman merchants moved to Arrabona during the 1st century BCE, and around 10 CE the Roman army occupied the northern part of Western Hungary which they called Pannonia. Although the Roman Empire abandoned the area in the 4th century due to constant attacks of the tribes living east from the area, the town remained inhabited.

Around 500 the territory was settled by Slavs, in 547 by the Lombards, in 568-c.800 by the Avars, then under Frankish and Slavic influence, then between 880 and 894 it was part of Great Moravia, and then shortly under East Frankish influence. The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... Events Ida founds the kingdom of Bernicia at Bamburgh (traditional date). ... The Lombards (Latin Langobardi, from which the alternative name Longobards found in older English texts), were a Germanic people originally from Scandinavia that entered the late Roman Empire. ... Events April 1 - King Alboin leads the Lombards into Italy; refugees fleeing from them go on to found Venice. ... For other uses, see number 800. ... The Eurasian Avars were a nomadic people of Eurasia who established a state in the Danube River area of Europe in the early 6th century. ... For other uses, see number 880. ... Births Deaths Events Northumbrians and East Angles swear allegiance to Alfred the Great. ... Great Moravia (Czech Velká Morava, Slovak Veľká Morava, Latin Magna Moravia) was a Slav state existing on the territory of present-day Moravia and Slovakia between 833 and the early 10th century. ...

The Magyars occupied the town around 900 and fortified the abandoned Roman fortress. Stephen I, the first king of Hungary founded an episcopate there. The town got its Hungarian name Győr. The Hungarians lived in tents, later in cottages, in the area, which is now the southeastern part of the city centre. The town was affected by all the trials and tribulations of the history of Hungary; it was occupied by Mongols during the Mongol invasion of Hungary (1241–1242) and was destroyed then by the Czech army in 1271. This article is about the Magyar people. ... A statue of Stephen the Great King Stephen the Great or St. ... Episcopalian government in the church is rule by a hierarchy of bishops (Greek: episcopoi). ... Events April 5 - Mongols of Golden Horde under the command of Subotai defeat feudal polish nobility, including Knights Templar, in the battle of Liegnitz April 27 - Mongols defeat Bela IV of Hungary in the battle of Sajo. ... Events April 5 - During a battle on the ice of Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights. ... Events Kublai Khan named his empire Yuan (元 yuan2), officially marking the start of the Yuan Dynasty. ...

During the ottoman occupation of present-day Hungary (1541 - late 17th century), Győr's commander Kristóf Lambert thought it would be futile to try to defend the town from the Turkish army, and he burnt the whole town instead; the Turkish found nothing but blackened ruins, hence the Turkish name for Győr, Janik kala ("burnt city"). The wars of the Ottoman Empire in Europe marked the better part of the history of southeastern Europe, notably, giving infamy to the Balkans. ... Events The first official translation of the entire Bible in Swedish February 12 - Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...

The town has been rebuilt and surrounded with a castle and a city wall, designed by the leading Italian builders of the era. The town changed a lot during these years, with lots of new buildings built in Renaissance style but the main square and the grid of streets remained. By Region: Italian Renaissance Northern Renaissance -French Renaissance -German Renaissance -English Renaissance The Renaissance was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. ...

In 1594 the Turkish army occupied the castle and the town, but in 1598 the Hungarian and Austrian army managed to occupy it again. Events February 27 - Henry IV is crowned King of France at Rheims. ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ...

The town became prosperous during the following centuries. In 1743 Győr was elevated to free royal town status by Maria Theresa. Many religious orders (Jesuites, Carmelites) settled in the town and they built schools, churches, a hospital and a monastery. Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ... In the Holy Roman Empire, an Imperial Free City (in German: Freie Reichsstadt) was a city formally responsible to the Emperor only — as opposed to the majority of cities in the Empire, which belonged to a territory and were thus governed by one of the many princes and dukes of... This page is about Maria Theresa of Austria (often only known as Empress Maria Theresa), ruler of the Habsburg Empire from 1740-1780. ... The Society of Jesus — also known by its Latin name Societas Iesu or its English variant Jesuit Order — is a Christian religious order of the Roman Catholic Church in direct service to the Pope. ... The Order of Our Lady of Mt. ...

Napoleon occupied the castle and had some of its walls blown up. The leaders of the town soon realized that the old ramparts aren't useful any more. Most of the ramparts were destroyed and thus the town could expand. For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ...

In mid-1800s, Győr's role in trade grew as the steamship traffic on the river Danube began, but the town lost its importance in trade when the railway line between Budapest and Kanizsa was built in 1861. The town leaders compensated for this loss with industrialization. The town prospered till World War II, but during the war several buildings were destroyed. The 1950s and 60s brought even more change, only big block houses were built, and the old historical buildings weren't given care or attention. In the 1970s the reconstruction of the city centre began, old buildings were restored and reconstructed. In 1989 Győr won the European award for monument protection. Danube in Budapest Length 2,888 ¹ km Elevation of the source 1,078 ² m Average discharge 30 km. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ...

Today Győr is one of the most important administrative and cultural centres of Hungary. The city is also a university town and a popular tourist destination.

Tourist sights

• Historical downtown
• Cathedral (originally Romanesque; rebuilt in Gothic and Baroque style)
• City Hall

Romanesque St. ... Besides its original meaning, of or relating to the Goths, a Germanic tribe and thus the Gothic language and the Gothic alphabet, and aside from its Early Modern connotations of rough, barbarous, the word Gothic has been used since the 18th century to refer to distinctly different things. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens: dynamic figures spiral down around a void: draperies blow: a whirl of movement lit in a shaft of light, rendered in a free bravura handling of paint The Baroque was a style in art that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce...

External links

• Official site (http://www.gyor.hu/) (Hungarian, English and German)
• Győr Tourism – The city of meetings (http://www.eng.gyortourism.hu/) (in English)
• A portal site (http://www.gyor-online.hu/) (in Hungarian)
• Photos of the city (http://www.vendegvaro.hu/kep5-5-900)