H. P. Lovecraft
Born	Howard Phillips Lovecraft August 20, 1890(1890-08-20) Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Died	March 15, 1937 (aged 46) Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Occupation	short story writer; novelist
Genres	Horror, Science fiction, Fantasy
Literary movement	Cosmicism

Howard Phillips Lovecraft (August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937), of Providence, Rhode Island, was an American author of horror, fantasy, and science fiction. Cover of first album H.P. Lovecraft was an American psychedelic rock group of the 1960s and 1970s named for the famous horror writer. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... Providence redirects here. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Providence redirects here. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article is about work. ... A literary genre is one of the divisions of literature into genres according to particular criteria such as literary technique, tone, or content. ... “Horror story” redirects here. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... For other definitions of fantasy see fantasy (psychology). ... ... Cosmicism was a philosophy that arouse around the 1920s, by the hands of Howard Phillips Lovecraft. ... is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Providence redirects here. ... “Horror story” redirects here. ... For other definitions of fantasy see fantasy (psychology). ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ...

Lovecraft's major inspiration and invention was cosmic horror: the idea that life is incomprehensible to human minds and that the universe is fundamentally alien. Those who genuinely reason, like his protagonists, gamble with sanity. Lovecraft has developed a cult following for his Cthulhu Mythos, a series of loosely interconnected fictions featuring a pantheon of human-nullifying entities, as well as the Necronomicon, a fictional grimoire of magical rites and forbidden lore. His works were deeply pessimistic and cynical, challenging the values of the Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Christianity.^[1][2] Lovecraft's protagonists usually achieve the mirror-opposite of traditional gnosis and mysticism by momentarily glimpsing the horror of ultimate reality. Cosmicism was a philosophy that arouse around the 1920s, by the hands of Howard Phillips Lovecraft. ... For other uses, see Universe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Reason (disambiguation). ... Sanity considered as a legal term denotes that an individual is of sound mind and therefore can bear legal responsibility for his or her actions. ... This article does not discuss cultist groups, personality cults, or cult in its original sense of religious practice. See cult (disambiguation) for more meanings of the term cult. A cult following is a group of fans devoted to a specific area of pop culture. ... Cthulhu and Rlyeh The Cthulhu Mythos encompasses the shared elements, characters, settings, and themes in the works of H. P. Lovecraft and associated horror fiction writers. ... A pantheon (from Greek Πάνθειον, temple of all gods, from πᾶν, all + θεός, god) is a set of all the gods of a particular religion or mythology, such as the gods of Hinduism, Norse, Egyptian, Shintoism, Greek, vodun, Yoruba Mythology and Roman mythology. ... For other uses, see Necronomicon (disambiguation). ... This design for an amulet comes from the Black Pullet grimoire. ... Pessimism, generally, describes a belief that things are bad, and tend to become worse; or that looks to the eventual triumph of evil over good; it contrasts with optimism, the contrary belief in the goodness and betterment of things generally. ... Cynicism was originally the philosophy of a group of ancient Greeks called the Cynics (main article), founded by Antisthenes. ... The word Enlightment redirects here. ... Romantics redirects here. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In philosophy, Ultimate Reality is the absolute nature of all things. ...

Although Lovecraft's readership was limited during his life, his reputation has grown over the decades, and he is now commonly regarded^[3] as one of the most influential horror writers of the 20th Century, exerting widespread and indirect influence, and frequently compared to Edgar Allan Poe. ^[4] Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American poet, short story writer, playwright, editor, literary critic, essayist and one of the leaders of the American Romantic Movement. ...

Biography

Early life

Lovecraft was born on August 20, 1890 at 9:00 a.m. in his family home at 194 (later 454) Angell Street in Providence, Rhode Island. The house was torn down in 1961. He was the only child of Winfield Scott Lovecraft, a traveling salesman of jewelry and precious metals, and Sarah Susan Phillips Lovecraft, who could trace her ancestry in America back to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630. His parents married, the first marriage for both, when they were in their thirties. This was unusually late in life given the time period. In 1893, when Lovecraft was three, his father became acutely psychotic in a Chicago hotel room while on a business trip. He was brought back to Providence and placed in Butler Hospital where he remained until his death in 1898. Lovecraft maintained throughout his life that his father died in a condition of paralysis brought on by "nervous exhaustion" due to over-work, but it is now almost certain that Winfield Scott Lovecraft died from general paresis of the insane.^[5] It is unknown whether Lovecraft was ever aware of the actual nature of his father's illness or its cause (syphilis), although his mother likely was, possibly having even received tincture of arsenic as "preventive medication", which left her with an unusually pallid complexion in later years. is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... Providence redirects here. ... A map of the Massachusetts Bay Colony Capital Charlestown, Boston History  - Established 1629  - New England Confederation 1643  - Dominion of New England 1686  - Province of Massachusetts Bay 1692  - Disestablished 1692 The Massachusetts Bay Colony (sometimes called the Massachusetts Bay Company, for the institution that founded it) was an English settlement on... Psychosis is a psychiatric classification for a mental state in which the perception of reality is distorted. ... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... General paresis, also known as general paralysis of the insane or paralytic dementia, is a now-rare neuropsychiatric disorder affecting the brain and central nervous system. ...

Lovecraft at approximately age nine.

Lovecraft thereafter was raised by his mother, his two aunts (Lillian Delora Phillips and Annie Emeline Phillips), and his grandfather, Whipple Van Buren Phillips. All resided together in the family home. Lovecraft was a child prodigy, reciting poetry at age two and writing complete poems by six. His grandfather encouraged his reading, providing him with classics such as The Arabian Nights, Bulfinch's Age of Fable, and children's versions of The Iliad and The Odyssey. His grandfather also stirred young Howard's interest in the weird by telling him his own original tales of Gothic horror. His mother, on the other hand, worried that these stories would upset him. Image File history File links Howard_Phillips_Lovecraft_-_circa_1900. ... Image File history File links Howard_Phillips_Lovecraft_-_circa_1900. ... Wunderkind redirects here. ... Queen Scheherazade tells her stories to King Shahryar. ... Thomas Bulfinch (July 15, 1796 - May 27, 1867) was an American writer, born in Newton, Massachusetts to a highly-educated but not rich Bostonian merchant family. ... title page of the Rihel edition of ca. ... This article is about Homers epic poem. ... Speculative fiction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The gothic novel is an English literary genre, which can be said to have been born with The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole. ...

Lovecraft was frequently ill as a child, at least some of which was certainly psychological in nature although he attributed his various ailments to physical causes only. Early speculation that he may have been congenitally disabled by syphilis passed on from father to mother to fetus has been completely ruled out. Due to his sickly condition and his undisciplined, argumentative nature he barely attended school until he was eight and then was withdrawn after a year. He read voraciously during this period and became especially enamored of chemistry and astronomy. He produced several hectographed publications with a limited circulation beginning in 1899 with The Scientific Gazette. Four years later he returned to public school at Hope Street High School. The hectograph or gelatin duplicator is a printing process which involves transferring from an original sheet prepared with special inks to a gelatin pad. ...

His grandfather's death in 1904 greatly affected Lovecraft's life. Mismanagement of his grandfather's estate left his family in such a poor financial situation they were forced to move into much smaller accommodations at 598 (now a duplex at 598-600) Angell Street. Lovecraft was so deeply affected by the loss of his home and birthplace he contemplated suicide for a time. In 1908, prior to his high school graduation, he claimed to have himself suffered a "nervous breakdown", not further described, and consequently never received his high school diploma (although he maintained for most of his life that he did graduate). S. T. Joshi suggests in his biography of Lovecraft that a primary cause for this breakdown was his difficulty in higher mathematics, a subject he needed to master to become a professional astronomer. This failure to complete his education (he wished to study at Brown University) was a source of disappointment and shame even late into his life. Sunanda Tryambak Joshi (b. ... Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ...

Lovecraft wrote some fiction as a youth but from 1908 until 1913 his output was primarily poetry that he wrote while living a hermit's existence and having almost no contact with anyone but his mother. This changed when he wrote a letter to The Argosy, a pulp magazine, complaining about the insipidness of the love stories of one of the publication's popular writers. The ensuing debate in the magazine's letters column caught the eye of Edward F. Daas, President of the UAPA, who invited Lovecraft to join in 1914. The UAPA reinvigorated Lovecraft and incited him to contribute many poems and essays. In 1917, at the prodding of correspondents, he returned to fiction with more polished stories such as "The Tomb" and "Dagon". The latter was his first professionally published work, appearing in Weird Tales in 1923. Around this time he began to build up a huge network of correspondents. His lengthy and frequent missives would make him one of the great letter writers of the century. Among his correspondents were Robert Bloch (Psycho), Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard (Conan the Barbarian series). Argosy was an American pulp magazine, considered to be the first pulp magazine, published by Frank Munsey. ... An Amateur Press Association or APA is a group of people who produce individual pages or magazines that are sent to a Central Mailer for collation and distribution to all members of the group. ... An Amateur Press Association or APA is a group of people who produce individual pages or magazines that are sent to a Central Mailer for collation and distribution to all members of the group. ... The Tomb is a short story by H.P. Lovecraft written in June 1917 and first published in the March 1922 issue of The Vagrant. ... Dagon is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft, written in July, 1917. ... This page is about the fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine and its heirs. ... Robert Albert Bloch (April 5, 1917, Chicago-September 23, 1994, Los Angeles) was a prolific American writer. ... Psycho is a 1959 pulp thriller by Robert Bloch. ... Clark Ashton Smith (January 13, 1893-August 14, 1961) was a poet, sculptor, painter and author of fantasy, horror and science fiction short stories. ... Robert Ervin Howard (January 22, 1906 – June 11, 1936)[1] was a classic American pulp writer of fantasy, horror, historical adventure, boxing, western, and detective fiction. ... This article is about the fictional character. ...

In 1919, after suffering from hysteria and depression for a long period of time, Lovecraft's mother had a nervous breakdown and was committed to Butler Hospital like her husband before her. Nevertheless, she wrote frequent letters to Lovecraft, and they remained very close until her death on May 21, 1921, the result of complications from gall bladder surgery. Lovecraft was devastated by the loss. is the 141st day of the year (142nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Marriage and New York

Lovecraft and Sonia Greene

A few weeks after the death of his mother, Lovecraft attended an amateur journalist convention in Boston where he met Sonia Greene. Born in 1883, she was of Ukrainian Jewish ancestry and seven years older than Lovecraft. They married in 1924, and the couple moved to the borough of Brooklyn in New York City. Lovecraft's aunts may have been unhappy with this arrangement, as they were not fond of Lovecraft being married to a tradeswoman (Greene owned a hat shop). Initially Lovecraft was enthralled by New York but soon the couple was facing financial difficulties. Greene lost her hat shop and suffered poor health. Lovecraft could not find work to support them both so his wife moved to Cleveland for employment. Lovecraft lived by himself in the Red Hook neighborhood of Brooklyn and came to intensely dislike New York life.^[6] Indeed, this daunting reality of failure to secure any work in the midst of a large immigrant population—especially irreconcilable with his opinion of himself as a privileged Anglo-Saxon—has been theorized as galvanizing his racism to the point of fear, a sentiment he sublimated in the short story The Horror at Red Hook.^[7] This Fixes the redirection to H.P. Lovecraft, as specified by Wired Mag: I have always been curious about Sonia Greene, the woman who married H.P. Lovecraft. ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... The definitions of the political subdivisions of the state of New York differ from those in certain other countries or even various other U.S. states, leading to misunderstandings regarding the governmental nature of an area. ... For other meanings, see Brooklyn (disambiguation). ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Cleveland redirects here. ... A Holland-Style Factory Building in Red Hook Red Hook circa 1875 Red Hook is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. ... The Horror at Red Hook is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft, part of the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction. ...

A few years later he and Greene, still living separately, agreed to an amicable divorce, which was never fully completed. He returned to Providence to live with his aunts during their remaining years. Due to the unhappiness of their marriage, some biographers have speculated that Lovecraft could have been homosexual, though Greene is often quoted as referring to him as "an adequately excellent lover".^[8] Since its coinage, the word homosexuality has acquired multiple meanings. ...

Return to Providence

Back in Providence, Lovecraft lived in a "spacious brown Victorian wooden house" at 10 Barnes Street (the address given as the home of Dr. Willett in The Case of Charles Dexter Ward) until 1933. The period after his return to Providence—the last decade of his life—was Lovecraft's most prolific. During this time period he produced almost all of his best-known short stories for the leading pulp publications of the day (primarily Weird Tales) as well as longer efforts like The Case of Charles Dexter Ward and At the Mountains of Madness. He frequently revised work for other authors and did a large amount of ghost-writing, including "The Mound," "Winged Death," "Imprisoned with the Pharaohs," and "The Diary of Alonzo Typer." Categories: Stub | Cthulhu Mythos ... This article is about inexpensive fiction magazines. ... This page is about the fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine and its heirs. ... Categories: Stub | Cthulhu Mythos ... For the Simpsons episode, see Mountain of Madness. ... A ghostwriter is an author who writes under someone elses name, with their consent. ...

Despite his best writing efforts, however, he grew ever poorer. He was forced to move to smaller and meaner lodgings with his surviving aunt. He was also deeply affected by Robert E. Howard's suicide. In 1936 he was diagnosed with cancer of the intestine and he also suffered from malnutrition. He lived in constant pain until his death on March 15, 1937 in Providence. Robert Ervin Howard (January 22, 1906 – June 11, 1936)[1] was a classic American pulp writer of fantasy, horror, historical adventure, boxing, western, and detective fiction. ... For other uses, see Suicide (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Cancer (disambiguation). ... Percentage of population affected by malnutrition by country, according to United Nations statistics. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Lovecraft was listed along with his parents on the Phillips family monument. That was not enough for his fans, so in 1977 a group of individuals raised the money to buy him a headstone of his own, on which they had inscribed Lovecraft's name, the dates of his birth and death and the phrase, "I AM PROVIDENCE," a line from one of his personal letters. Lovecraft's grave in Swan Point Cemetery in Providence is occasionally marked with graffiti quoting his famous phrase from "The Call of Cthulhu" (originally from "The Nameless City"):^[9] Swan Point Cemetery is a cemetery located in Providence, Rhode Island, USA. Established in 1846 on a 60 acre plot of land. ... For other uses, see Graffiti (disambiguation). ... Cthulhu with the insane city Rlyeh in the background. ... The Nameless City is a fictional place mentioned in the works of H.P. Lovecraft, most notably in the short story, The Nameless City. ...

"That is not dead which can eternal lie,

And with strange aeons even death may die."

On October 13, 1997, unknown individual(s) attempted to dig up Lovecraft's body from his grave, not knowing that his body is not under the new headstone.^[10] is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

Background of Lovecraft's work

H. P. Lovecraft’s name is synonymous with horror fiction; his writing, particularly the “Cthulhu Mythos”, has influenced fiction authors worldwide, and Lovecraftian elements may be found in novels, movies, music, comic books and cartoons. For example, the insane villains of Gotham City in the Batman stories are said to be incarcerated at Arkham Asylum - Arkham being an invention of Lovecraft’s. Many modern horror writers, including Stephen King, Bentley Little, Joe R. Lansdale, and Neil Gaiman have cited Lovecraft as one of their primary influences. Cthulhu and Rlyeh The Cthulhu Mythos encompasses the shared elements, characters, settings, and themes in the works of H. P. Lovecraft and associated horror fiction writers. ... Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-Man and still referred to at times as the Batman) is a DC Comics fictional superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. ... Arkham Asylum as it appeared on Batman: The Animated Series. ... Arkham is a fictional city in Massachusetts, part of the Lovecraft Country setting created by H. P. Lovecraft and is featured in many of his stories, as well as those of other Cthulhu Mythos writers. ... For other persons named Stephen King, see Stephen King (disambiguation). ... Bentley Little is the author of numerous horror novels. ... Joe R. Lansdale is an author from Texas. ... Neil Richard Gaiman (IPA: ) (born November 10, 1960[2]) is an English author of science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels, graphic novels, comics, and films. ...

Lovecraft himself, though, was relatively unknown during his own time. While his stories might have made it into the pages of prominent pulp magazines such as Weird Tales (often eliciting letters of outrage from regular readers of the magazines), not many people knew his name. He did, however, correspond regularly with other contemporary writers such as Clark Ashton Smith and August Derleth, people who became good friends of his, even if they never met in person. This group of correspondents became known as the “Lovecraft Circle”, since they all freely borrowed elements of Lovecraft’s stories — the mysterious books with disturbing names, the pantheon of ancient alien gods such as Cthulhu and Azathoth, and eldritch places such as the New England town of Arkham and its Miskatonic University — for use in their own (with Lovecraft’s blessing and encouragement). It’s been suggested that it was the efforts of the Lovecraft Circle — particularly August Derleth — that prevented Lovecraft’s name and fiction from disappearing completely into obscurity. Clark Ashton Smith (January 13, 1893-August 14, 1961) was a poet, sculptor, painter and author of fantasy, horror and science fiction short stories. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Arkham is a fictional city in Massachusetts, part of the Lovecraft Country setting created by H. P. Lovecraft and is featured in many of his stories, as well as those of other Cthulhu Mythos writers. ... // The Miskatonic River is a fictional New England river in the writings of H. P. Lovecraft. ...

After Lovecraft’s death, the Lovecraft Circle carried on. August Derleth was probably the most prolific of these writers, and added to and expanded on Lovecraft’s vision. Derleth’s contributions have been controversial, to say the least; while Lovecraft never considered his pantheon of alien gods more than a mere plot device, Derleth created an entire cosmology, complete with a war between the 'good' “Elder Gods” and the 'evil' “Outer Gods” (such as Cthulhu and his ilk), which the 'good' Gods were supposed to have won, locking Cthulhu and others up beneath the earth, in the ocean etc., and went on to associate different gods with the traditional four elements. An Elder God is a fictional deity in the Cthulhu mythos of H.P. Lovecraft. ... ... For other uses, see Cthulhu (disambiguation). ...

Lovecraft's fiction has been grouped into three categories by some critics. While Lovecraft did not refer to these categories himself, he did once write, "There are my 'Poe' pieces and my 'Dunsany pieces' — but alas — where are my Lovecraft pieces?"^[11] Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American poet, short story writer, playwright, editor, literary critic, essayist and one of the leaders of the American Romantic Movement. ... Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, 18th Baron Dunsany (24 July 1878 – 25 October 1957) was an Anglo-Irish writer and dramatist, notable for his work in fantasy published under the name Lord Dunsany. ...

• Macabre stories (approximately 1905–1920)
• Dream Cycle stories (approximately 1920–1927)
• Cthulhu Mythos/Lovecraft Mythos stories (approximately 1925–1935)

Some critics see little difference between the Dream Cycle and the Mythos, often pointing to the recurring Necronomicon and subsequent "gods". A frequently given explanation is that the Dream Cycle belongs more to the genre of fantasy, while the Mythos is science fiction. Also, much of the supernatural elements in the Dream Cycle takes place in its own sphere or mythological dimension separated from our own level of existence. The Mythos on the other hand, is placed within the same reality and cosmos as the humans live in. H.P. Lovecrafts Dream-Cycle, although often overlooked for his Cthulhu Mythos, is a huge entity in a good number of this master of the macabres fictional works. ... Cthulhu and Rlyeh The Cthulhu Mythos encompasses the shared elements, characters, settings, and themes in the works of H. P. Lovecraft and associated horror fiction writers. ... The Lovecraft Mythos is the term coined by the scholar S. T. Joshi[1] to describe the pseudomythological backdrop, settings, and themes employed by the American weird fiction writer H. P. Lovecraft. ...

Much of Lovecraft's work was directly inspired by his night terrors, and it is perhaps this direct insight into the unconscious and its symbolism that helps to account for their continuing resonance and popularity.
^{[citation needed]} For other uses, see Night Terror. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

All these interests naturally led to his deep affection for the works of Edgar Allan Poe, who heavily influenced his earliest macabre stories and writing style known for its creepy atmosphere and lurking fears. ^[12] Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American poet, short story writer, playwright, editor, literary critic, essayist and one of the leaders of the American Romantic Movement. ...

Lovecraft's discovery of the stories of Lord Dunsany with their gallery of mighty gods existing in dreamlike outer realms, moved his writing in a new direction, resulting in a series of imitative fantasies in a "Dreamlands" setting.
Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, 18th Baron Dunsany (24 July 1878 – 25 October 1957) was an Anglo-Irish writer and dramatist, notable for his work in fantasy published under the name Lord Dunsany. ...

Another inspiration came from a totally different kind of source; the scientific progresses at the time in such wide areas as biology, astronomy, geology and physics, all contributed to make the human race seem even more insignificant, powerless and doomed in a materialistic and mechanical universe, and was a major contributor to the ideas that later would be known as cosmicism, and which gave further support to his atheism.
Cosmicism was a philosophy that arouse around the 1920s, by the hands of Howard Phillips Lovecraft. ...

It was probably the influence of Arthur Machen, with his carefully constructed tales concerning the survival of ancient evil into modern times in an otherwise realistic world and his mystic beliefs in hidden mysteries which lay behind reality, that added the last ingredient and finally helped inspire Lovecraft to find his own voice from 1923 onwards. Arthur Machen (pronounced ) (March 3, 1863 – December 15, 1947) was a leading Welsh author of the 1890s. ...

This took on a dark tone with the creation of what is today often called the Cthulhu Mythos, a pantheon of alien extra-dimensional deities and horrors which predate humanity, and which are hinted at in aeon-old myths and legends. The term "Cthulhu Mythos" was coined by Lovecraft's correspondent and fellow author, August Derleth, after Lovecraft's death; Lovecraft jocularly referred to his artificial mythology as "Yog-Sothothery"[2]. Cthulhu and Rlyeh The Cthulhu Mythos encompasses the shared elements, characters, settings, and themes in the works of H. P. Lovecraft and associated horror fiction writers. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

His stories created one of the most influential plot devices in all of horror: the Necronomicon, the secret grimoire written by the mad Arab Abdul Alhazred. The resonance and strength of the Mythos concept have led some to incorrectly conclude that Lovecraft had based it on pre-existing myths or occult beliefs. Faux editions of the Necronomicon have also been published over the years. For other uses, see Necronomicon (disambiguation). ... This design for an amulet comes from the Black Pullet grimoire. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... Abdul Alhazred is a fictional character created by American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. ... Look up faux in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

His prose is somewhat antiquarian. Often he employed archaic vocabulary or spelling which had already by his time been replaced by contemporary coinages; examples including Esquimau, and Comanchian. He was given to heavy use of an esoteric lexicon including such words as "eldritch," "rugose," "noisome," "squamous," "ichor," and "cyclopean," and of attempts to transcribe dialect speech which have been criticized as clumsy, imprecise, and condescending. His works also featured British English (he was an admitted Anglophile), and he sometimes made use of anachronistic spellings, such as "compleat" (for "complete") "lanthorn" ("lantern"), and "phantasy" ("fantasy"; also appearing as "phantastic" and "phantabulous"). An antiquarian or antiquary is one concerned with antiquities or things of the past. ... British English (BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the United Kingdom from forms used elsewhere in the Anglophone world. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Lovecraft was a prolific letter writer. During his lifetime he wrote thousands of these letters, however the exact number of letters he wrote is still hotly debated. An estimate of 100,000 seems to be the most likely figure, arrived at by L. Sprague de Camp. Lovecraft inscribed multiple pages to his group of correspondents in small longhand. He sometimes dated his letters 200 years before the current date, which would have put the writing back in U.S. colonial times, before the American Revolution that offended his Anglophilia. He explained that he thought that the 18th and 20th centuries were the "best"; the former being a period of noble grace, and the latter a century of science. Lyon Sprague de Camp, (November 27, 1907 – November 6, 2000) was an American science fiction and fantasy author. ... John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A century (From the Latin cent, one hundred) is one hundred consecutive years. ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor demonstrates the Meissner effect. ...

Themes

Several themes recur in Lovecraft's stories:

Forbidden knowledge

In "The Call of Cthulhu" (1926), Lovecraft wrote: "The most merciful thing in the world, I think, is the inability of the human mind to correlate all its contents... some day the piecing together of dissociated knowledge will open up such terrifying vistas of reality, and of our frightful position therein, that we shall either go mad from the revelation or flee from the light into the peace and safety of a new Dark Age." Lovecraft's protagonists are nevertheless always driven to this "piecing together," which makes up most Lovecraft stories. Cthulhu with the insane city Rlyeh in the background. ...

When such vistas are opened, the mind of the protagonist-investigator is often destroyed. Those who actually encounter "living" manifestations of the incomprehensible are particularly likely to go mad.

Those characters who attempt to make use of such knowledge are almost invariably doomed. Sometimes their work attracts the attention of malevolent beings; sometimes, in the spirit of Frankenstein, they are destroyed by monsters of their own creation. This article is about the 1818 novel. ...

Nonhuman influences on humanity

The beings of Lovecraft's mythos often have human (or mostly human) servants; Cthulhu, for instance, is worshiped under various names by cults amongst both the Eskimos of Greenland and voodoo circles of Louisiana, and in many other parts of the world. Cult typically refers to a cohesive social group devoted to beliefs or practices that the surrounding culture considers outside the mainstream, with a notably positive or negative popular perception. ... For other uses, see Eskimo (disambiguation). ... Voodoo is a religious tradition originating in West Africa, which became prominent in the New World due to the importation of African slaves. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ...

These worshipers served a useful narrative purpose for Lovecraft. Many beings of the Mythos were too powerful to be defeated by human opponents, and so horrific that direct knowledge of them meant insanity for the victim. When dealing with such beings, Lovecraft needed a way to provide exposition and build tension without bringing the story to a premature end. Human followers gave him a way to reveal information about their "gods" in a diluted form, and also made it possible for his protagonists to win temporary victories. Lovecraft, like his contemporaries, envisioned "savages" as closer to the Earth, only in Lovecraft's case, this meant, so to speak, closer to Cthulhu. The term dramatic structure refers to the parts into which a short story, a novel, a play, a screenplay, or a narrative poem can be divided. ...

Atavistic guilt

Another recurring theme in Lovecraft's stories is the idea that descendants in a bloodline can never escape the stain of crimes committed by their forebears, at least if the crimes are atrocious enough. Descendants may be very far removed, both in place and in time (and, indeed, in culpability), from the act itself, and yet blood will tell ("The Rats in the Walls," "The Lurking Fear," "Arthur Jermyn," "The Alchemist," "The Shadow Over Innsmouth," and The Case of Charles Dexter Ward). An example of a crime that Lovecraft apparently considered heinous enough for this consequence is cannibalism ("The Picture in the House," and, again "The Rats in the Walls"). The Rats in the Walls is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft. ... The Lurking Fear is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft in the horror fiction genre. ... Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family is a short story by H.P. Lovecraft, written in 1920. ... The Alchemist is a short story written by H.P. Lovecraft, publish in 1908. ... The Shadow Over Innsmouth is a novella by H.P. Lovecraft. ... Categories: Stub | Cthulhu Mythos ... The Picture in the House is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft, connected to the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction. ... The Rats in the Walls is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft. ...

Inability to escape fate

Often in Lovecraft's works the protagonist is not in control of his own actions, or finds it impossible to change course. Many of his characters would be free from danger if they simply managed to run away; however, this possibility either never arises or is somehow curtailed by some outside force, as in The Colour Out of Space. Often his characters are subject to a compulsive influence from powerful malevolent or indifferent beings. As with the inevitability of one's ancestry, eventually even running away, or death itself, provides no safety (The Thing on the Doorstep, The Outsider, The Case of Charles Dexter Ward, etc.). In some cases, this doom is manifest in the entirety of humanity, and no escape is possible (The Shadow out of Time). The Colour Out of Space is a short story by American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. ... The Thing on the Doorstep is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft, part of the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction. ... The Outsider is a short story by American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft in 1921[1] and first published in the April 1926 issue of Weird Tales. ... Categories: Stub | Cthulhu Mythos ... The Shadow Out of Time is a short story by American horror fiction writer H.P. Lovecraft. ...

Civilization under threat

Though little known to his fan base, Lovecraft was deeply influenced by the German conservative-revolutionary theorist Oswald Spengler (another German proponent of aristocratic elitism, Friedrich Nietzsche, also influenced Lovecraft). Spengler's pessimistic thesis of the decadence of the modern West formed a crucial element in Lovecraft's overall anti-modern, conservative worldview. Spenglerian imagery of cyclical decay is present in particular in "At the Mountains of Madness." In fact, S. T. Joshi places Spengler at the center of his discussion of Lovecraft's political and philosophical ideas--his book on the topic is entitled, H.P. Lovecraft: The Decline of the West. Lovecraft wrote to Clark Ashton Smith in 1927: "It is my belief, and was so long before Spengler put his seal of scholarly proof on it, that our mechanical and industrial age is one of frank decadence" (see China Mieville's excellent introduction to "At the Mountains of Madness", Modern Library Classics, 2005). Oswald Arnold Gottfried Spengler (Blankenburg am Harz May 29, 1880 – May 8, 1936, Munich) was a German historian and philosopher, although his studies ranged throughout mathematics, science, philosophy, history, and art. ... Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (October 15, 1844 – August 25, 1900) (IPA: ) was a nineteenth-century German philosopher and philologist. ... For the Simpsons episode, see Mountain of Madness. ...

Lovecraft frequently dealt with the idea of civilization struggling against more barbaric, primitive elements. In some stories this struggle is at an individual level; many of his protagonists are cultured, highly-educated men who are gradually corrupted by some evil influence. Central New York City. ...

In such stories, the "curse" is often a hereditary one, either because of interbreeding with non-humans (e.g. "Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family" (1920), "The Shadow over Innsmouth" (1931)) or through direct magical influence (The Case of Charles Dexter Ward). Physical and mental degradation often come together; this theme of 'tainted blood' may represent concerns relating to Lovecraft's own family history, particularly the death of his father due to what Lovecraft must have suspected to be a syphilitic disorder. Syphilis is a curable sexually transmitted disease caused by the Treponema pallidum spirochete. ...

In other tales, an entire society is threatened by barbarism. Sometimes the barbarism comes as an external threat, with a civilized race destroyed in war (e.g. "Polaris"). Sometimes, an isolated pocket of humanity falls into decadence and atavism of its own accord (e.g. "The Lurking Fear"). But most often, such stories involve a civilized culture being gradually undermined by a malevolent underclass influenced by inhuman forces. This page is about the biological term Atavism. ...

There is a lack of analysis as to whether England's gradual loss of prominence and related conflicts (Boer War, India, World War I) had an impact on Lovecraft's worldview. It is likely that the "roaring twenties" left Lovecraft disillusioned as he was still obscure and struggling with the basic necessities of daily life, combined with seeing non-European immigrants in New York City.

Race

A common dramatic device in Lovecraft's work is to associate virtue, intellect, elevated class position, civilization, and rationality with white Anglo-Saxons, often posing it in contrast to the corrupt, intellectually inferior, uncivilized and irrational, which he associated with people he characterized as being of lower class, impure racial "stock" and/or non European ethnicity and dark skin complexion who were often the villains in his writings. For other uses, see Anglo-Saxon. ...

In his poem "On the Creation of Niggers", Lovecraft says:

In "The Call of Cthulhu" he writes of a captured group of mixed race worshipers of Cthulhu:

In a letter of January 23, 1920, Lovecraft wrote: The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

^[13] Aryan (/eərjən/ or /ɑːrjən/, Sanskrit: ) is a Sanskrit and Avestan word meaning noble/spiritual one. ...

In "Herbert West - Reanimator," Lovecraft gives an account of a just-deceased African-American male. He asserts:

In "The Horror at Red Hook," one character is described as "an Arab with a hatefully negroid mouth".^[15] In "Medusa's Coil," ghostwritten by Lovecraft for Zealia Bishop, the story's final surprise--after the revelation that the story's villain is a vampiric medusa--is that she

In "The Case of Charles Dexter Ward," this is a description of an African - New English couple: "The present negro inhabitants were known to him, and he was very courteously shewn about the interior by old Asa and his stout wife Hannah." In contrast to their apparently alien landlord: "a small rodent-featured person with a guttural accent"

In the short story "The Rats in the Walls," one of the narrator/protagonist's nine cats is named "Nigger-Man".

However, it should be noted that the cat in the story is a courageous and helpful creature; the favorite feline of the story's narrator, so it is difficult to attribute the animal's name to simple bigotry.

The narrators in "The Street," "Herbert West: Reanimator," "He," "The Call of Cthulhu," "The Shadow Over Innsmouth," "The Horror at Red Hook," and many other tales express sentiments which could be considered hostile towards Jews. He married a woman of Ukrainian Jewish ancestry, Sonia Greene, who later said she had to repeatedly remind Lovecraft of her background when he made anti-Semitic remarks. "Whenever we found ourselves in the racially mixed crowds which characterize New York," Greene wrote after her divorce from Lovecraft, "Howard would become livid with rage. He seemed almost to lose his mind."^[18] Languages Historical Jewish languages Hebrew, Yiddish, Ladino, others Liturgical languages: Hebrew and Aramaic Predominant spoken languages: The vernacular language of the home nation in the Diaspora, significantly including English, Hebrew, Yiddish, and Russian Religions Judaism Related ethnic groups Arabs and other Semitic groups For the Jewish religion, see Judaism. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... This Fixes the redirection to H.P. Lovecraft, as specified by Wired Mag: I have always been curious about Sonia Greene, the woman who married H.P. Lovecraft. ...

Lovecraft was an avowed Anglophile, and held English culture to be the comparative pinnacle of civilization, with the descendants of the English in America as something of a second-class offshoot, and everyone else below (see, for example, his poem "An American to Mother England"). His love for English history and culture is often repeated in his work (such as King Kuranes' nostalgia for England in "The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath"). For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... An important character in Lovecrafts Dream-cycle works. ... The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath is a novella by H. P. Lovecraft. ...

The narrator of "Cool Air" speaks disparagingly of the poor Hispanics of his neighborhood, but respects the wealthy and aristocratic Spaniard Dr. Muñoz, for his Celtiberian origins, and because he is "a man of birth, cultivation, and discrimination." The degenerate descendants of Dutch immigrants in the Catskill Mountains, "who correspond exactly to the decadent element of white trash in the South" ("Beyond the Wall of Sleep", 1919), are common targets. In "The Temple," Lovecraft's highly unsympathetic narrator is a World War I U-boat captain whose faith in his "iron German will" and the superiority of the Fatherland lead him to machine-gun helpless survivors in lifeboats and, later, kill his own crew, while blinding him to the curse he has brought upon himself. Cool Air was one of H.P. Lovecrafts less popular works, although it is highly regarded among his more serious fans. ... Hispanic, as used in the United States, is one of several terms used to categorize US citizens, permanent residents and temporary immigrants, whose background hail either from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America or relating to a Spanish-speaking culture. ... The Spanish people or Spaniards are an ethnic group native to Spain, in southwestern Europe, who are primarily descended from the autochthonous pre-Indo-European Euskaldunak, Latin, Visigothic, Celtic and Moorish peoples. ... The Celtiberians dwelt in the Iberian Peninsula and spoke a Celtic language. ... The Dutch (Ethnonym: Nederlanders meaning Lowlanders) are the dominant ethnic group[1] of the Netherlands[2]. They are usually seen as a Germanic people. ... The Catskill Mountains (also known as simply the Catskills), a natural area in New York State northwest of New York City and southwest of Albany are a mature dissected plateau, an uplifted region that was subsequently eroded into sharp relief. ... For other uses, see White trash (disambiguation). ... Historic Southern United States. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... U-boat is also a nickname for some diesel locomotives built by GE; see List of GE locomotives October 1939. ... Fatherland is the nation of ones fathers or forefathers. ...

One of the foremost Lovecraft scholars, S. T. Joshi, notes "There is no denying the reality of Lovecraft's racism, nor can it merely be passed off as "typical of his time," for it appears that Lovecraft expressed his views more pronouncedly (although usually not for publication) than many others of his era. It is also foolish to deny that racism enters into his fiction."[3] In his book "H. P. Lovecraft: Against The World, Against Life," Michel Houellebecq argues that "racial hatred" provided the emotional force and inspiration for much of Lovecraft's greatest works. Sunanda Tryambak Joshi (b. ... Michel Houellebecq (pronounced ) (real name Michel Thomas), born 26 February 1958, on the French island of Réunion is a controversial, award-winning French novelist. ...

According to L. Sprague de Camp's biography, Lovecraft moderated his views a lot toward the end of his life. Sprague de Camp says Lovecraft was horrified by reports of anti-Jewish violence in Germany (prior to World War II, which Lovecraft did not live to see), which he regarded as irrational. Lyon Sprague de Camp, (November 27, 1907 – November 6, 2000) was an American science fiction and fantasy author. ... For other uses, see Biography (disambiguation). ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Lovecraft racist antagonism is a corollary of his nihilistic notion of biological determinism: At the Mountains of Madness, in which explorers discover evidence of a completely alien race (the Elder Things) who are credited with the accidental introduction of life to earth, through bioengineering but who were eventually destroyed by their brutish shoggoth slaves. Even after several members of the party are killed by revived Elder Things, Lovecraft's narrator expresses sympathy for them: "They were the men of another age and another order of being... what had they done that we would not have done in their place? God, what intelligence and persistence! What a facing of the incredible... Radiates, vegetables, monstrosities, star spawn — whatever they had been, they were men!" For the Simpsons episode, see Mountain of Madness. ... Elder Things are fictional characters in the Cthulhu mythos of H. P. Lovecraft. ... A shoggoth (or shaggoth[1]) is a fictional monster in the Cthulhu Mythos. ...

These lines of thought in Lovecraft's worldview — racism and romantic reactionary defense of cultural order in the face of the degenerative modern world — have led some scholars to see a special affinity to the aristocratic, anti-modernism of Traditionalist Julius Evola: Julius Evola born Giulio Cesare Andrea Evola, aka Baron Evola (May 19, 1898-June 11, 1974), was an Italian esotericist and occult author, who wrote extensively on Hermeticism, the metaphysics of sex, Tantra, Buddhism, Taoism, mountaineering, the Holy Grail, militarism, aristocracy, on matters political, philosophical, historical, racial, religious, as well...

For other uses, see Uranus (disambiguation). ...

Gender

Women in Lovecraft's fiction are rare, and sympathetic women virtually non-existent; the few leading female characters in his stories — like Asenath Waite (though actually an evil male wizard who has taken over an innocent girl's body) in "The Thing on the Doorstep" and Lavinia Whateley in "The Dunwich Horror" — are invariably servants of sinister forces. Romance is likewise almost absent from his stories; where he touches on love, it is usually a platonic love (e.g. "The Tree"). His characters live in a world where sexuality is negatively connotated — if it is productive at all, it gives birth to less-than-human beings ("The Dunwich Horror"). In this context, it might be helpful to draw attention to the scale of Lovecraft's horror, which has often been described by critics as "cosmic horror." Operating on a grand, cosmic scale as his stories are, they assign humanity a minor, insignificant role. Consequently, it is not female sexuality to which the stories categorically deny a vital and positive role — rather, it is human sexuality in general. Also, Lovecraft states in a private letter (to one of the several female intellectuals he befriended) that discrimination against women is an "oriental" superstition from which "Aryans" ought to free themselves: evident racism aside, the letter seems to preclude at least conscious misogyny (as does, indeed, his private life otherwise). The Thing on the Doorstep is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft, part of the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction. ... The Dunwich Horror is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft. ... Platonic love in its modern popular sense is an affectionate relationship into which the sexual element does not enter, especially in cases where one might easily assume otherwise. ... The Tree is a short story by American horror fiction writer H. P. Lovecraft, written in 1920 and first published in the October 1921 issue of the amateur press journal Tryout. ... In Eva Prima Pandora, by Jean Cousin (Louvre Museum), Eve, the equivalent of Pandora embodies Original Sin Misogyny (pronounced ) is hatred or strong prejudice against women; an antonym of philogyny. ...

Keeping in mind, the earliest contact Lovecraft had with women, first, was his mentally ill mother, and later on, a life spent living with two elderly aunts. No serious misogynistic elements are evident in his fiction.

Risks of a Scientific Era

At the turn of the 20th century, man's increased reliance upon science was both opening new worlds and solidifying the manners by which he could understand them. Lovecraft portrays this potential for a growing gap of man's understanding of the universe as a potential for horror. Most notably in "The Colour Out of Space," the inability of science to comprehend a meteorite leads to horror.

In a letter to James F. Morton in 1923, Lovecraft specifically points to Einstein's theory on relativity as throwing the world into chaos and making the cosmos a jest. And in a 1929 letter to Woodburn Harris, he speculates that technological comforts risk the collapse of science. Indeed, at a time when men viewed science as limitless and powerful, Lovecraft imagined alternative potential and fearful outcomes.

Influences on Lovecraft

Lovecraft was influenced by such authors as Oswald Spengler, Robert W. Chambers (writer of The King in Yellow, of whom H. P. Lovecraft wrote in a letter to Clark Ashton Smith: "Chambers is like Rupert Hughes and a few other fallen Titans — equipped with the right brains and education but wholly out of the habit of using them"), Arthur Machen (The Great God Pan), Lord Dunsany, (The Gods of Pegana and other Dunsany works), Edgar Allan Poe, A. Merritt (The Moon Pool, later a great liking and admiration of the original version of The Metal Monster) and Lovecraft's friends Robert E. Howard and Clark Ashton Smith. Oswald Arnold Gottfried Spengler (Blankenburg am Harz May 29, 1880 – May 8, 1936, Munich) was a German historian and philosopher, although his studies ranged throughout mathematics, science, philosophy, history, and art. ... Robert William Chambers (May 26, 1865 – December 16, 1933) was an American artist and writer. ... The King in Yellow is a collection of short stories written by Robert W. Chambers and published in 1895. ... Clark Ashton Smith (January 13, 1893-August 14, 1961) was a poet, sculptor, painter and author of fantasy, horror and science fiction short stories. ... Rupert Hughes (1872-1956) and his life are documented extensively in the book Rupert Hughes: A Hollywood Legend (1997) by James 0. ... Arthur Machen (pronounced ) (March 3, 1863 – December 15, 1947) was a leading Welsh author of the 1890s. ... The Great God Pan was a novella written by Arthur Machen. ... Best known as Lord Dunsany, Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany (July 24, 1878–October 25, 1957) was an Irish writer and dramatist notable for his work in fantasy and horror. ... The Gods of Pegāna is the first book by Irish fantasy writer Lord Dunsany, published on a commission basis in 1905. ... Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American poet, short story writer, playwright, editor, literary critic, essayist and one of the leaders of the American Romantic Movement. ... Abraham Merritt (January 20, 1884-August 21, 1943) was an American editor and author of works of fantastic fiction. ... The Moon Pool is an Abraham Merritt fantasy novel. ... The Metal Monster is an Abraham Merritt fantasy novel. ... Robert Ervin Howard (January 22, 1906 – June 11, 1936)[1] was a classic American pulp writer of fantasy, horror, historical adventure, boxing, western, and detective fiction. ... Clark Ashton Smith (January 13, 1893-August 14, 1961) was a poet, sculptor, painter and author of fantasy, horror and science fiction short stories. ...

Lovecraft considered himself a man best suited to the early 18th century. His writing style, especially in his many letters, owes much to Augustan British writers of the Enlightenment like Joseph Addison and Jonathan Swift. Lovecraft even went so far as to write using the antiquated grammatical peculiarities of that literary era. While Lovecraft's fiction radically inverted the Enlightenment belief in mankind being able to comprehend the universe, his personal outlook as revealed in his letters shows Lovecraft largely agreeing with rationalist contemporaries like Bertrand Russell. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Augustan literature is a style of English literature whose origins correspond roughly with the reigns of Queen Anne, King George I, and George II. In contemporary critical parlance, it refers to the literature of 1700 up to approximately 1760 (or, for some, 1789). ... The word Enlightment redirects here. ... Joseph Addison, the Kit-cat portrait, circa 1703–1712, by Godfrey Kneller. ... Jonathan Swift Jonathan Swift (November 30, 1667 – October 19, 1745) was an Irish cleric, satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for Whigs then for Tories), and poet, famous for works like Gullivers Travels, A Modest Proposal, A Journal to Stella, The Drapiers Letters, The Battle of the Books, and... Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970), was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, advocate for social reform, and pacifist. ...

He also cited Algernon Blackwood as an influence, quoting The Centaur in the head paragraph of The Call of Cthulhu. He also declares Blackwood's "The Willows" to be the single best piece of weird fiction ever written. Algernon Henry Blackwood (March 14, 1869 – December 10, 1951) was an English writer of tales of the supernatural. ... Cthulhu with the insane city Rlyeh in the background. ...

Lovecraft's influence on culture

Main articles: Lovecraftian horror and Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture

Beyond direct adaptation, Lovecraft and his stories have had a profound impact on popular culture and have been praised by many modern writers. Some influence was direct, as he was a friend, inspiration, and correspondent to many of his contemporaries, such as August Derleth, Robert E. Howard and Robert Bloch. Many later figures were influenced by Lovecraft, including author and artist Clive Barker, prolific horror writer Stephen King, film directors John Carpenter and Stuart Gordon, game designers Sandy Petersen and Keichiro Toyama, horror manga artist Junji Ito, and artist H. R. Giger. H. P. Lovecraft’s name is virtually synonymous with horror fiction; his writing, particularly his so-called “Cthulhu Mythos”, has influenced fiction authors worldwide, and Lovecraftian elements can be seen in novels, movies, comic books, even cartoons. Many modern horror writers — such as Stephen King, Neil Gaiman, F. Paul Wilson, Thomas Ligotti, T.E.D. Klein, Caitlín R. Kiernan, Ramsey Campbell, and Brian Lumley, to name just a few — have cited Lovecraft as one of their primary influences. Lovecraftian horror is a sub-genre of horror fiction which emphasizes the psychological horror of the unknown (in some cases, unknowable) over gore or other elements of shock, which may still be present. ... The following is a list of media featuring H.P. Lovecrafts Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Robert Ervin Howard (January 22, 1906 – June 11, 1936)[1] was a classic American pulp writer of fantasy, horror, historical adventure, boxing, western, and detective fiction. ... Robert Albert Bloch (April 5, 1917, Chicago-September 23, 1994, Los Angeles) was a prolific American writer. ... For the South African football (soccer) coach, see Clive Barker (soccer). ... For other persons named Stephen King, see Stephen King (disambiguation). ... For other persons named John Carpenter, see John Carpenter (disambiguation). ... // Biography Stuart Gordon (born August 11, 1947) in Chicago, Illinois) is a director, writer and producer of films. ... Sandy Petersen Carl Sanford Joslyn Petersen (born September 16, 1955) is a game designer. ... This article is about the comics created in Japan. ... Junji Ito (伊藤潤二 Itō Junji, July, 1963 - ) is an author of Japanese horror manga. ... Birth machine Hans Ruedi Giger (IPA: ) (born at Chur, Grisons canton, February 5, 1940) is an Academy Award-winning Swiss painter, sculptor, and set designer best known for his design work on the film Alien. ... For other persons named Stephen King, see Stephen King (disambiguation). ... Neil Richard Gaiman (IPA: ) (born November 10, 1960[2]) is an English author of science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels, graphic novels, comics, and films. ... Francis Paul Wilson (b. ... Thomas Ligotti (born July 9, 1953, in Detroit, Michigan) is a writer of horror stories. ... Theodore Eibon Donald Klein (born 1947) is an American horror writer and editor. ... Caitlín Rebekah Kiernan (born May 26, 1964 in Skerries, Dublin, Ireland) is the author of many science fiction and dark fantasy works, including six novels, many comic books, more than one hundred published short stories, novellas, and vignettes, and numerous scientific papers. ... John Ramsey Campbell (born January 4, 1946 in Liverpool) is a British writer considered by a number of critics to be one of the great masters of horror fiction. ... Brian Lumley (born December 12, 1937) is a writer of horror fiction. ...

Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges dedicated his short story "There Are More Things" to the memory of Lovecraft. Contemporary French writer Michel Houellebecq wrote a literary biography of Lovecraft called H. P. Lovecraft: Against the World, Against Life. Prolific American writer Joyce Carol Oates wrote an introduction for a collection of Lovecraft stories. The Library of America published a volume of Lovecraft's work in 2005, essentially declaring him a canonical American writer. Borges redirects here. ... Michel Houellebecq (pronounced ) (real name Michel Thomas), born 26 February 1958, on the French island of Réunion is a controversial, award-winning French novelist. ... Joyce Carol Oates (born June 16, 1938) is an American author and the Roger S. Berlind 52 Professor in the Humanities with the Program in Creative Writing at Princeton University, where she has taught since 1978. ... Volumes in the Library of America series The Library of America (LoA) is a nonprofit publisher of classic American literature. ... Canonical is an adjective derived from canon. ...

Other authors have written stories that are explicitly set in the same reality as Lovecraft's original stories. Lovecraft pastiches are common. Lovecraft's characteristic devices — like the object that drives one insane upon seeing it — are now eponymous. The word pastiche describes a literary or other artistic genre. ... An eponym is a person (real or fictitious) whose name has become identified with a particular object or activity. ...

There have also been detailed references to the Cthulhu mythos in current and near current science fiction (for example, Babylon 5: Thirdspace and the Doctor Who new adventures novels). Lovecraft appears as himself in the television tie-in novel Stargate SG-1: Roswell. This article is about the television series. ...

He has also been held responsible for the invention of the philosophy "Cosmicism" which was reflected in many works beyond his own, including the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series and movies like The Day the Earth Stood Still. Cosmicism was a philosophy that arouse around the 1920s, by the hands of Howard Phillips Lovecraft. ... The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy originated as a 1978 radio comedy series written by Douglas Adams. ...

Survey of the work

For most of the 20th century, the definitive editions (specifically At the Mountains of Madness and Other Novels, Dagon and Other Macabre Tales, The Dunwich Horror and Others, and The Horror in the Museum and Other Revisions) of his prose fiction were published by Arkham House, a publisher originally started with the intent of publishing the work of Lovecraft, but which has since published a considerable amount of other literature as well. Penguin Classics has at present issued three volumes of Lovecraft's works: The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories, The Thing on the Doorstep and Other Weird Stories,, and most recently The Dreams in the Witch House and Other Weird Stories. They collect the standard texts as edited by S. T. Joshi, most of which were available in the Arkham House editions, with the exception of the restored text of "The Shadow Out of Time" from The Dreams in the Witch House, which had been previously released by small-press publisher Hippocampus Press. In 2005 the prestigious Library of America canonized Lovecraft with a volume of his stories edited by Peter Straub, and Random House's Modern Library line just released the "definitive edition" of Lovecraft's At the Mountains of Madness (also including "Supernatural Horror in Literature"). Arkham House is a weird fiction specialty publishing house founded by August Derleth and Donald Wandrei. ... Penguin Books is a British publisher founded in 1935 by Allen Lane. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy the notability guideline for Books. ... The Thing on the Doorstep and Other Weird Stories is Penguin Classics second omnibus edition of works by 20th-Century American author H. P. Lovecraft. ... Sunanda Tryambak Joshi (b. ... The Shadow Out of Time is a short story by American horror fiction writer H.P. Lovecraft. ... Hippocampus Press is an American publisher of fantasy, horror and science fiction, and specializes in reprints or first editions of work by authors such as H. P. Lovecraft and Clark Ashton Smith. ... Volumes in the Library of America series The Library of America (LoA) is a nonprofit publisher of classic American literature. ... Peter Straub at the University of South Florida on February 15, 2007 Peter Francis Straub, born March 2, 1943 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is a writer of fiction and poetry, best known as a prolific horror author. ... The Modern Library, a current division of Random House publishers, was founded in 1917 by Albert Boni and Horace Liveright. ... For the Simpsons episode, see Mountain of Madness. ... Supernatural Horror in Literature is a collection of essays written in 1927 and added to between 1933 and 1935 by the famed fantasy and horror author H. P. Lovecraft (1890-1937). ...

Lovecraft's poetry is collected in The Ancient Track: The Complete Poetical Works of H. P. Lovecraft, while much of his juvenilia, various essays on philosophical, political and literary topics, antiquarian travelogues, and other things, can be found in Miscellaneous Writings. Lovecraft's essay "Supernatural Horror in Literature", first published in 1927, is a historical survey of horror literature available with endnotes as The Annotated Supernatural Horror in Literature.

Letters

Although Lovecraft is known mostly for his works of weird fiction, the bulk of his writing consists of voluminous letters about a variety of topics, from weird fiction and art criticism to politics and history. S. T. Joshi estimates that Lovecraft wrote about 87,500 letters from 1912 until his death in 1937, including one 70-page letter from November 9, 1929, to Woodburn Harris. Sunanda Tryambak Joshi (b. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Lovecraft was not a very active letter-writer in youth. In 1931 he admitted: "In youth I scarcely did any letter-writing — thanking anybody for a present was so much of an ordeal that I would rather have written a two hundred fifty-line pastoral or a twenty-page treatise on the rings of Saturn." (SL 3.369–70). The initial interest in letters stemmed from his correspondence with his cousin Phillips Gamwell but even more important was his involvement in the amateur journalism movement, which was responsible for the enormous number of letters Lovecraft produced.

Lovecraft clearly states that his contact to numerous different people through letter-writing was one of the main factors in broadening his view of the world: "I found myself opened up to dozens of points of view which would otherwise never have occurred to me. My understanding and sympathies were enlarged, and many of my social, political, and economic views were modified as a consequence of increased knowledge." (SL 4.389).

Today there are five publishing houses that have released letters from Lovecraft, most prominently Arkham House with its five-volume edition Selected Letters. Other publishers are Hippocampus Press (Letters to Alfred Galpin et al.), Night Shade Books (Mysteries of Time and Spirit: The Letters of H. P. Lovecraft and Donald Wandrei et al.), Necronomicon Press (Letters to Samuel Loveman and Vincent Starrett et al), and University of Tampa Press (O Fortunate Floridian: H. P. Lovecraft's Letters to R. H. Barlow). Arkham House is a weird fiction specialty publishing house founded by August Derleth and Donald Wandrei. ... Hippocampus Press is an American publisher of fantasy, horror and science fiction, and specializes in reprints or first editions of work by authors such as H. P. Lovecraft and Clark Ashton Smith. ... Night Shade Books is an independent publishing company, specializing in science fiction, fantasy, dark fantasy and cross-genre novels. ... Necronomicon Press is an American small press publishing house specialising in fiction, poetry and literary criticism relating to the horror and fantasy genres. ...

Ohio University Press also published "Lord of a Visible World - An Autobiography in Letters" in 2000 which presents his letters according to themes, such as adolescence and travel. It was edited by S. T. Joshi and David E. Schultz.

Intellectual property

There is controversy over the copyright status of many of Lovecraft's works, especially his later works. Lovecraft had specified^{[citation needed]} that the young R. H. Barlow would serve as executor of his literary estate, but these instructions had not been incorporated into his will. Nevertheless his surviving aunt carried out his expressed wishes, and Barlow was given charge of the massive and complex literary estate upon Lovecraft's death. Not to be confused with copywriting. ... Robert Hayward Barlow (18 May 1918 – 2 January 1951) was an American author, anthropologist and historian of early Mexico, and expert in the Nahuatl language. ... A literary executor is a person with decision-making power in respect of the literary estate of an author who has died. ...

Barlow deposited the bulk of the papers, including the voluminous correspondence, with the John Hay Library, and attempted to organize and maintain Lovecraft's other writing. August Derleth, an older and more established writer than Barlow, vied for control of the literary estate. One result of these conflicts was the legal confusion over who owned what copyrights. John Hay Library The John Hay Library is the second oldest library on the campus of Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

All works published before 1923 are public domain in the U.S.^[19] However, there is some disagreement over who exactly owns or owned the copyrights and whether the copyrights for the majority of Lovecraft's works published post-1923 — including such prominent pieces as "The Call of Cthulhu" and "At the Mountains of Madness" — have expired as of April 2008. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... Cthulhu with the insane city Rlyeh in the background. ... For the Simpsons episode, see Mountain of Madness. ...

Questions center over whether copyrights for Lovecraft's works were ever renewed under the terms of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976 for works created prior to January 1, 1978. The problem comes from the fact that before the Copyright Act of 1976 the number of years a work was copyrighted in the U.S. was based on publication rather than life of the author plus a certain number of years and that it was only good for 28 years with one renewal for an additional 28 years. The Copyright Act of 1976 retroactively extended the renewal period for all works to a period of 47 years^[20] and the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998 added another 20 years to that, for a total of 95 years from publication. Similarly, the European Union Directive on harmonising the term of copyright protection of 1993 extended the copyrights to 70 years after the author's death. So, all works of Lovecraft published during his lifetime, became public domain in all 27 European Union countries on 1 January, 2008. For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... The Copyright Act of 1976 is a landmark statute in United States copyright legislation and remains the primary basis of copyright law in the United States. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... The Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998 extended copyright terms in the United States by 20 years. ... The Directive on harmonizing the term of copyright protection was a European Union (EU) copyright directive issued in 1993. ...

In those Berne Convention countries who have implemented only the minimum copyright period, copyright expires 50 years after the author's death. For the treaty establishing the General Postal Union, see Treaty of Bern. ...

Lovecraft protégés and part owners of Arkham House, August Derleth and Donald Wandrei, often claimed copyrights over Lovecraft's works. On October 9, 1947, Derleth purchased all rights to Weird Tales. However, since April 1926 at the latest, Lovecraft had reserved all second printing rights to stories published in Weird Tales. Hence, Weird Tales may only have owned the rights to at most six of Lovecraft's tales. Again, even if Derleth did obtain the copyrights to Lovecraft's tales, no evidence as yet has been found that the copyrights were renewed.^[21] Donald Wandrei (1908 - 1987) was an American science fiction, fantasy and weird fiction writer, poet and editor. ... is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This page is about the fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine and its heirs. ...

Prominent Lovecraft scholar S. T. Joshi concludes in his biography, H. P. Lovecraft: A Life, that Derleth's claims are "almost certainly fictitious" and that most of Lovecraft's works published in the amateur press are most likely now in the public domain. The copyright for Lovecraft's works would have been inherited by the only surviving heir of his 1912 will: Lovecraft's aunt, Annie Gamwell. Gamwell herself perished in 1941 and the copyrights then passed to her remaining descendants, Ethel Phillips Morrish and Edna Lewis. Morrish and Lewis then signed a document, sometimes referred to as the Morrish-Lewis gift, permitting Arkham House to republish Lovecraft's works but retaining the copyrights for themselves. Searches of the Library of Congress have failed to find any evidence that these copyrights were then renewed after the 28-year period and, hence, it is likely that these works are now in the public domain. Arkham House is a weird fiction specialty publishing house founded by August Derleth and Donald Wandrei. ... Construction of the Thomas Jefferson Building, from July 8, 1888 to May 15, 1894. ...

According to an essay by Peter Ruber, the current editor of Arkham House, called "The Un-Demonizing of August Derleth", certain letters obtained in June 1998 detail the Derleth-Wandrei acquisition of Lovecraft's estate. It is unclear whether these letters contradict Joshi's views on Lovecraft's copyrights.^[22] Peter Ruber (born 1940) is a U.S. author, editor and publisher. ...

Chaosium, publishers of the Call of Cthulhu role-playing game, have a trademark on several Lovecraftian phrases and creations, including "The Call of Cthulhu", for use in game products. Another RPG publisher, TSR, Inc., original publisher of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, included in one of that game's earlier supplements, Deities & Demigods (originally published in 1980 and later renamed to "Legends & Lore"), a section on the Cthulhu Mythos; TSR, Inc. later agreed to remove this section from subsequent editions because of Chaosium's intellectual property interests in the work. Chaosium is one of the longer lived publishers of role_playing games still in existence. ... Call of Cthulhu is a horror fiction role-playing game based on the story of the same name written by H.P. Lovecraft and the so-called Cthulhu Mythos the story inspired. ... “(TM)” redirects here. ... TSR, Inc. ... This article is about the role-playing game. ... The cover of the first printing of the first edition, featured artwork by Erol Otus. ...

Regardless of the legal disagreements surrounding Lovecraft's works, Lovecraft himself was extremely generous with his own works and actively encouraged others to borrow ideas from his stories, particularly with regard to his Cthulhu mythos. By "wide citation" he hoped to give his works an "air of verisimilitude", and actively encouraged other writers to reference his creations, such as the Necronomicon, Cthulhu and Yog-Sothoth. After his death, many writers have contributed stories and enriched the shared mythology of the Cthulhu Mythos, as well as making numerous references to his work. (See Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture.) For other uses, see Necronomicon (disambiguation). ... The following is a list of media featuring H.P. Lovecrafts Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture. ...

Parodies

Lovecraft's style and subject matter have lent themselves to numerous parodies within the science fiction and horror genres.

Broad parodies that reference the Cthulhu Mythos are listed on the Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture page. Literature that specifically parodies Lovecraft's prose style includes: The following is a list of media featuring H.P. Lovecrafts Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture. ...

• Peter Cannon's "Scream for Jeeves" (which combines Lovecraft with P. G. Wodehouse); these and several other Lovecraft parodies were later collected in Forever Azathoth and Other Horrors
• Howard Waldrop (as M. M. Moamrath)'s "Cthulhublanca"
• Neil Gaiman's "A Study in Emerald", a Hugo-winning short story combining H. P. Lovecraft and Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes first appeared in Shadows Over Baker Street, an anthology of stories combining the worlds of Cthulhu and Holmes. Gaiman also has a web exclusive on his site, "I, CTHULHU".
• Real Ghostbusters did a parody episode called "The collect call of Cthulu" in which Ray's favorite Lovecraft based comic book comes to life.

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, KBE (15 October 1881 – 14 February 1975) (IPA: ) was a comic writer who has enjoyed enormous popular success for more than seventy years. ... Howard Waldrop (born September 15, 1946) in Houston, Mississippi, and got his degree from the University of Texas. ... Neil Richard Gaiman (IPA: ) (born November 10, 1960[2]) is an English author of science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels, graphic novels, comics, and films. ... A Study in Emerald is a short story written by British fantasy and comic book author Neil Gaiman. ... Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish author most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered a major innovation in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. ... This article is about Arthur Conan Doyles fictional detective. ... Shadows Over Baker Street: New Tales of Terror! is an anthology of stories, each by a different author and each concerning an exploit of Arthur Conan Doyles Sherlock Holmes set against the backdrop of H.P. Lovecrafts Cthulhu Mythos. ... The Real Ghostbusters is a cartoon series based on the hit movie Ghostbusters. ...

Locations featured in Lovecraft stories

Lovecraft drew extensively from his native New England for settings in his fiction. Numerous real historical locations are mentioned, and several fictional New England locations make frequent appearances. (See Lovecraft Country.) Lovecraft Country is the New England setting, combining real and fictitious locations, used by H.P. Lovecraft in many of his weird fiction stories, and later elaborated by other writers working in the Cthulhu mythos genre. ...

Historical locations

• Binger in Caddo County, Oklahoma (The Mound)
• Copp's Hill, Boston, Massachusetts
• Red Line (MBTA)
• Pawtuxet (not extant)
• Newburyport, Massachusetts
• Ipswich, Massachusetts
• Salem, Massachusetts
• Many locations within his hometown of Providence, Rhode Island, including the (then purportedly haunted) Halsey House, Prospect Terrace, and Brown University's John Hay Library and John Carter Brown Library.
• Danvers State Hospital, in Danvers, Massachusetts, which is largely believed to have served as inspiration for the infamous Arkham sanitarium from "The Thing on the Doorstep".
• Catskill Mountains, New York
• Fictional Central University Library in University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. According to Lovecraft there is a copy of the Necronomicon here, but the University of Buenos Aires never had a central library.

Binger is a town located in Caddo County, Oklahoma. ... Caddo County is a county located in the state of Oklahoma. ... The Mound is a short story H.P. Lovecraft wrote as a ghostwriter from December 1929 through early 1930 after he was hired by Zealia Bishop to create a story based on following plot synopsis: There is an Indian mound near here, which is haunted by a headless ghost. ... Copps Hill is the second oldest burial ground of the city of Boston, Massachusetts, founded in 1659 (the oldest is the burial ground at Kings Chapel). ... Boston redirects here. ... Red Line train of #1 Red Line stock crossing the Charles River on the Longfellow Bridge, towards Boston View of Boston from the Red Line Red Line Signage The Red Line is a rapid transit line operated by the MBTA running roughly north-south through Boston, Massachusetts into neighboring communities. ... Location within the state of Rhode Island Coordinates: , Country State County Providence Government  - Mayor Michael Napolitano Area  - Total 29. ... Newburyport is a small coastal city in Essex County, Massachusetts, 38 miles (61 km) northeast of Boston. ... Ipswich is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. ... Nickname: Location in Essex County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Essex Settled 1626 Incorporated 1626 A City 1836 Government  - Type Mayor-council city  - Mayor Kimberley Driscoll Area  - Total 18. ... Providence redirects here. ... Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Seal of Danvers, MA Danvers, a town located in Essex County, Massachusetts was formerly named Salem Village. ... Arkham is a fictional city in Massachusetts, part of the Lovecraft Country setting created by H. P. Lovecraft and is featured in many of his stories, as well as those of other Cthulhu Mythos writers. ... The Thing on the Doorstep is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft, part of the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction. ... Catskill State Park as seen from Overlook Mountian The Catskill Mountains are an extension of the Appalachian Mountains into New York State. ... The Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) is the largest university in Argentina, founded on August 12, 1821 in the city of Buenos Aires. ... For other uses, see Necronomicon (disambiguation). ...

Fictional locations

• Miskatonic University in the fictional Arkham, Massachusetts
• Dunwich, Massachusetts
• Innsmouth, Massachusetts
• Kingsport, Massachusetts
• Aylesbury, Massachusetts

Miskatonic University is a fictional university located in the equally fictitious Arkham, set in the real-world Essex County, Massachusetts. ... Arkham is a fictional city in Massachusetts, part of the Lovecraft Country setting created by H. P. Lovecraft and is featured in many of his stories, as well as those of other Cthulhu Mythos writers. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Dunwich, Massachusetts (Pronounced Dunn-ich) is a fictional town that appears in the works of H. P. Lovecraft, most notably in the story The Dunwich Horror. Dunwich is found in the Miskatonic River Valley, which is a common setting for Lovecraftian tales. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Innsmouth is a fictional town in the writings of H.P. Lovecraft, part of the Lovecraft Country setting of the Cthulhu Mythos. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Kingsport is a fictional town in the writings of H. P. Lovecraft. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ...

Bibliography

Main article: List of works by H. P. Lovecraft

This is a complete, exhaustive list of works by H. P. Lovecraft. ...

Adaptations

Television

• Rod Serling's 1969-1973 series, Night Gallery, adapted at least two Lovecraft stories, "Pickman's Model" and "Cool Air", and the episode "Professor Peabody's Last Lecture" featured a character named Lovecraft being lectured on 'The Great Old Ones'.
• Out of Mind: The Stories of H. P. Lovecraft (1998), a Lovecraft sampler shown on Bravo! distributed by Lurker Films (IMDb entry)
• Rough Magik (2000), BBC pilot for a Call of Cthulhu show starring Paul Darrow, à la The X-Files distributed by Lurker Films (IMDb entry)
• Chilean Gothic (2000), Chilean adaptation of "Pickman's Model" directed by Ricardo Harrington distributed by Lurker Films (IMDb entry)
• The "H. P. Lovecraft's Dreams in the Witch-House" episode of Masters of Horror is based on the story and directed by Stuart Gordon, who also directed Re-Animator, From Beyond and Dagon.

Rodman Edward Rod Serling (December 25, 1924 – June 28, 1975) was an American screenwriter, most famous for his science fiction anthology television series, The Twilight Zone. ... Night Gallery was Rod Serlings follow-up to The Twilight Zone, airing on NBC from 1970 to 1973. ... Pickmans Model is a short story by H.P. Lovecraft, written in September 1926 and first published in the October 1927 issue of Weird Tales. ... Bravo! is a Canadian cable specialty television channel owned by CHUM Limited and was launched on January 1, 1995. ... A publishing company, founded by Andrew Migliore focused on weird tales & literary horror—H.P. Lovecraft, Cthulhu Mythos, Edgar Allan Poe, Robert W. Chambers. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... The X-Files is an American Peabody, Golden Globe and Emmy Award-winning science fiction television series created by Chris Carter, which first aired on 10 September 1993, and ended on 19 May 2002. ... A publishing company, founded by Andrew Migliore focused on weird tales & literary horror—H.P. Lovecraft, Cthulhu Mythos, Edgar Allan Poe, Robert W. Chambers. ... A publishing company, founded by Andrew Migliore focused on weird tales & literary horror—H.P. Lovecraft, Cthulhu Mythos, Edgar Allan Poe, Robert W. Chambers. ... H.P. Lovecrafts Dreams in the Witch House is the second episode of the first season of Masters of Horror, directed by Stuart Gordon. ... Masters of Horror is an American television series created by director Mick Garris for the Showtime cable network. ... // Biography Stuart Gordon (born August 11, 1947) in Chicago, Illinois) is a director, writer and producer of films. ...

Movies

This is a partial list of films based (generally very loosely) on specific Lovecraft works. See H .P. Lovecraft at the Internet Movie Database for a more complete selection. For the in-memory database management system, see In-memory database. ...

• 13:de mars, 1941 (2004), a Swedish short movie inspired by the Statement of Randolph Carter.
• At the Mountains of Madness (2010), inspired by the story of the same name (IMDb).
• Beyond the Wall of Sleep (2006). (IMDb entry)
• Bleeders AKA Hemoglobin (1997). Is based on "The Lurking Fear".
• The Call of Cthulhu (2005), a short, silent, black-and-white adaptation produced by the H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society.
• Cool Air (1998), an adaptation by Bryan Moore starring Jack Donner.
• Cthulhu (2000) is based on the short stories "Call of Cthulhu" and "The Dunwich Horror".[5]
• Cthulhu (2007) is based on the short story "The Shadow Over Innsmouth" (IMDb entry)
• Curse of the Crimson Altar (1968) is loosely based on "The Dreams in the Witch House."
• The Curse (1987), an adaptation of "The Colour out of Space" (IMDb entry)
• Dagon (2001), directed by Stuart Gordon, based less on Lovecraft's story of the same name than on "The Shadow Over Innsmouth" transplanted to a modern Spanish fishing village.
• The Music of Erica Zann (2002),an adaptation of the short story of the same name
• The Music of Erich Zann (1980),an adaptation of the short story of the same name
• Dark Heritage (1989), an adaptation of "The Lurking Fear".(IMDb entry)
• Die, Monster, Die! (1965), an adaptation of "The Colour out of Space" (IMDb entry)
• The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath (2003), an animated adaptation (IMDb entry)
• The Dreams in the Witch House (2005) premiered on Showtime's Masters of Horror film series.
• The Dunwich Horror (1970) (IMDb entry)
• The Dunwich Horror is a movie adaptation of Lovecraft's short story of the same name. (IMDb Entry)
• The Evil Clergyman (1997), an adaptation by Andy Davis starring Jon Vomit.
• From Beyond (1986) directed by Stuart Gordon. (IMDb entry)
• The Haunted Palace (1963), an adaptation of The Case of Charles Dexter Ward
• The Hound (1997), an adaptation by Anthony Penta of H. P. Lovecraft's short story.
• Kammaren (2007), a Swedish movie inspired by H. P. Lovecraft. (IMDb entry)
• The Lurking Fear (1994) (IMDB Entry).
• Necronomicon (1994), three short films based on Lovecraft stories ("The Rats in the Walls", "Cool Air", "The Whisperer in Darkness"). This film depicts Lovecraft (Jeffrey Combs) stealing the Necronomicon from a religious order.
• Nyarlathotep (2001) is a short film based on the story of the same name (IMDB Entry).
• Re-Animator (1985) is an adaptation of "Herbert West—Re-Animator", directed by Stuart Gordon. (IMDb entry)
• The Resurrected (1992), an adaptation of The Case of Charles Dexter Ward (IMDb entry)
• Road To L. (Il Mistero di Lovecraft) (2005), an Italian horror mockumentary about H.P. Lovecraft coming to Italy in 1926.
• The Shunned House (2003) (IMDb entry)
• The Shuttered Room (1967), an adaptation in which the creature in hiding is changed from a Deep One/human hybrid to a deformed insane person.
• The Unnamable (1988), a movie about a half demon woman who wreaks terror for some teens who venture into an old house.
• The Unnamable 2 : The Statement of Randolph Carter (1992), A series of brutal murders is somehow connected to the spells of a 17th-century warlock and threatens to release a beautiful, demonic creature.
• The Whisperer in Darkness (2007), an adaptation of a Lovecraft story produced by the H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society.
• Pickman's Model (1981), a 30 minute adaptation of the same-titled Lovecraft story.
• Creepshow (1982), One of the segments, "The Lonesome Death of Jordy Verrill" is a short adaptation by and starring Stephen King as the protagonist from "The Colour Out of Space"

The Statement of Randolph Carter is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft. ... Bleeders (also known as Hemoglobin) is a horror movie released in 1997. ... The Lurking Fear is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft in the horror fiction genre. ... Cthulhu, see Cthulhu (film). ... Cool Air is a 1999 horror film directed by and starring Bryan Moore, and co-starring, Jack Donner. ... Cthulhu is an Australian low budget horror film made in 1996-1997 and released in 2000, by producer-director Damian Heffernan. ... Cthulhu is a 2007 American thriller/horror movie, directed by Dan Gildark and co-written by Grant Cogswell and Daniel Gildark. ... The Colour Out of Space is a short story by American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. ... Dagon is a 2001 horror movie directed by Stuart Gordon and written by Dennis Paoli. ... Variant Title: Dark Heritage: The Final Descendant (UK) Runtime: 94 min Director & Producer: David McCormick No writing credit Staring Mark LaCour . ... The Lurking Fear is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft in the horror fiction genre. ... H.P. Lovecrafts Dreams in the Witch-House is the second episode of the first season of Masters of Horror, directed by Stuart Gordon. ... This article is about the pay TV channel. ... Masters of Horror is an American television series created by director Mick Garris for the Showtime cable network. ... The Dunwich Horror is a short story by H. P. Lovecraft. ... From Beyond was released in 1986. ... For the poem by Edgar Allan Poe, see The Haunted Palace (poem) The Haunted Palace is a 1963 horror film directed by Roger Corman and featuring Vincent Price. ... The Hound is a short horror film directed by Anthony Penta, faithfully adapted from H.P. Lovecrafts story of the same name. ... The Lurking Fear is a 1994 horror film, loosely based on the H.P. Lovecraft short story The Lurking Fear. ... Necronomicon is an American anthology horror film released in 1994. ... Jeffrey Alan Combs (born September 9, 1954 in Oxnard, California) is an American character actor best known for his horror film roles and his appearances playing a number of characters in the Star Trek franchise. ... Re-Animator (1985) is the first in a series of films based on the H.P. Lovecraft story Herbert West: Reanimator. ... The Resurrected (aka Shatterbrain) is a 1992 horror film, directed by Dan OBannon and starring John Terry, Jane Sibbett, Chris Sarandon and Robert Romanus. ... Mockumentary (also known as a pseudo-documentary)[1], a portmanteau of mock and documentary, is a film and TV genre, or a single work of the genre. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Deep One is a fictional creature in the Cthulhu Mythos of H.P. Lovecraft. ... The Unnamable is a short story written by science fiction/fantasy author Howard Phillips Lovecraft in 1925. ... The Whisperer in Darkness is an upcoming horror film being produced by the H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society. ...

Theatre

• Open Circle Theater in the Lake Union neighborhood of Seattle, Washington adapts and produces a Lovecraft play (usually interlocking stories) every year.

It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: nn If you can address this concern by improving, copyediting, sourcing, renaming or merging the page, please edit this page and do so. ... Lake Union from atop the Space Needle Lake Union is a freshwater lake completely within the Seattle, Washington city limits. ... Seattle redirects here. ...

Audio Books

• The Call of Cthulhu and other stories. (Produced By Fantom Films; ‘The Call of the Cthultu’ read by Gareth David-Lloyd with ‘The Festival’ and ‘The Hound’ read by Ian Fairbairn.)
• Imprisoned with the Pharos and other stories. (Produced By Fantom Films; includes ‘The Nameless City’ read by Gareth David-Lloyd and ‘Imprisoned with the Pharos’ read by Staten Eliot.)

Radio production

• The Call of Cthulhu (Broadcast in Tasmania on Lovecraft's 100th birthday)
• Jeffrey Combs reads Herbert West—Reanimator (Audio book CD by Beyond Books/Lurker Films)
• At the Mountains of Madness (Atlanta Radio Theater Company)
• The Dunwich Horror (Atlanta Radio Theater Company)
• The Rats in the Walls (Atlanta Radio Theater Company)
• The Shadow Over Innsmouth (Atlanta Radio Theater Company)
• The Dunwich Horror (Suspense 1942-62)[6]

A publishing company, founded by Andrew Migliore focused on weird tales & literary horror—H.P. Lovecraft, Cthulhu Mythos, Edgar Allan Poe, Robert W. Chambers. ... Suspense, one of the premier drama programs of the Golden Age of Radio, was subtitled radios outstanding theater of thrills. ...

Further reading

• The Strange Sound of Cthulhu: Music Inspired by the Writings of H. P. Lovecraft ( ISBN 978-1847287762), written by Gary Hill

• Lovecraft: Disturbing the Universe (ISBN 0813117283), by Donald R. Burleson, PhD, a longtime scholar on Lovecraft and acquaintance of S. T. Joshi, is probably the only book analyzing Lovecraft's literature from a deconstructionist standpoint. University Press of Kentucky, November 1990.

• The Gentleman From Angell Street: Memories of H. P. Lovecraft ( ISBN 0-9701699-1-4), written by Muriel and C.M. Eddy, is a collection of personal remembrances and ancedotes from two of Lovecraft's closest friends in Providence. The Eddys were fellow writers, and Mr. Eddy was a frequent contributor to Weird Tales.

• Lovecraft: A Look Behind the Cthulhu Mythos (ISBN 0-586-04166-4), written by Lin Carter in 1972, is a survey of Lovecraft's work (along with that of other members of the Lovecraft Circle) with considerable information on his life; it's now available in an updated edition (ISBN 1-55742-253-2 hc, ISBN 1-55742-252-4 pb) co-authored by Robert M. Price.

• The first full-length biography was Lovecraft: a Biography (ISBN 0-345-25115-6), written by L. Sprague de Camp; published in 1975, it is now out of print.

• Frank Belknap Long's Howard Phillips Lovecraft: Dreamer on the Nightside (Arkham House, 1975, ISBN 0-87054-068-8) presents a more personal look at Lovecraft's life, combining reminiscence, biography, and literary criticism. Long was a friend and correspondent of Lovecraft, as well as a fellow fantasist who wrote a number of Lovecraft-influenced Cthulhu Mythos stories (including The Hounds of Tindalos).

• A newer, more extensive biography is H. P. Lovecraft: A Life (ISBN 0-940884-88-7) written by Lovecraft scholar S. T. Joshi. An alternative is Joshi's abridged A Dreamer & A Visionary: H. P. Lovecraft in His Time (ISBN 0-85323-946-0).

• An English translation of Michel Houellebecq's H. P. Lovecraft: Against the World, Against Life (ISBN 1-932416-18-8) was published by Believer Books in 2005.

• Other significant Lovecraft-related works are An H. P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia by Joshi and David S. Schulz; Lovecraft's Library: A Catalogue (a meticulous listing of many of the books in Lovecraft's now scattered library), by Joshi; Lovecraft at Last, an account by Willis Conover of his teenage correspondence with Lovecraft; Joshi's A Subtler Magick: The Writings and Philosophy of H. P. Lovecraft.

• Andrew Migliore and John Strysik's Lurker in the Lobby: The Guide to the Cinema of H. P. Lovecraft and Charles P. Mitchell's The Complete H. P. Lovecraft Filmography both discuss films containing Lovecraftian elements.

• Lovecraft's prose fiction has been published numerous times. The "corrected texts" were released by Arkham House in the 1980s, and many other collections of his stories have appeared, including Ballantine Books editions and three popular Del Rey editions. The three collections published by Penguin, The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories, The Thing on the Doorstep and Other Weird Stories, and Dreams in the Witch House and Other Weird Stories, incorporate the modifications made in the corrected texts as well as the annotations provided by Joshi.

• Lovecraft's "revisions" or ghost-written works are compiled in The Horror in the Museum and Other Revisions, edited again by Joshi.

• Some of Lovecraft's writings, however, are annotated with footnotes or endnotes. In addition to the Penguin editions mentioned above and The Annotated Supernatural Horror in Literature, Joshi has produced The Annotated H. P. Lovecraft as well as More Annotated H. P. Lovecraft, both of which are footnoted extensively.

• The Philosophy of H. P. Lovecraft is a study of Lovecraft's use of language to analyze the psychology of Lovecraft's writings.

• An Epicure in the Terrible (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1991), edited by David E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi is an anthology of 13 essays on Lovecraft (excluding Joshi's lengthy introduction)on the centennial of Lovecraft's birth. The essays are arranged into 3 sections; Biographical, Thematic Studies and Comparative and Genre Studies. The authors include S. T. Joshi, Kenneth W. Faig, Jr, Jason C. Eckhardt, Will Murray, Donald R. Burleson, Peter Cannon, Stefan Dziemianowicz, Steven J. Mariconda, David E. Schultz, Robert H. Waugh, Robert M. Price, R. Boerem, Norman R. Gatford and Barton Levi St. Armand.

• Missing Friendship The lost friendship of Derleth essay by Darren Herhold.

• Weird Fiction and the Unholy Glee of H. P. Lovecraft (Florianópolis, SC: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 2003), by Kezia L'Engle de Figueiredo, is a Mastership dissertation which includes a review of criticism on Lovecraft's works and analyzes the ways his aesthetic theory on weird fiction works.

Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 - February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor and critic. ... Robert McNair Price was born July 7, 1954 in Mississippi and is a Professor of Theology and Scriptural Studies. ... Lyon Sprague de Camp, (November 27, 1907 – November 6, 2000) was an American science fiction and fantasy author. ... Frank Belknap Long (April 27, 1901 - January 3, 1994) was a prolific American writer of horror fiction, fantasy, science fiction, poetry, gothic romance, comic books, and non-fiction. ... Arkham House is a weird fiction specialty publishing house founded by August Derleth and Donald Wandrei. ... Sunanda Tryambak Joshi (b. ... Michel Houellebecq (pronounced ) (real name Michel Thomas), born 26 February 1958, on the French island of Réunion is a controversial, award-winning French novelist. ... An H. P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia is a reference work written by S. T. Joshi and David E. Schultz. ... Willis Conover (1920-May 17, 1996) was a jazz producer and broadcaster on the Voice of America for over forty years. ... Andrew John Migliore (b. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy the notability guideline for Books. ... The Thing on the Doorstep and Other Weird Stories is Penguin Classics second omnibus edition of works by 20th-Century American author H. P. Lovecraft. ... Endnote redirects here. ... An EndNote library and an individual reference. ...

Footnotes

Luc Sante is a writer and critic. ... This article is about the literary magazine. ... is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Arkham House is a weird fiction specialty publishing house founded by August Derleth and Donald Wandrei. ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

H. P. Lovecraft

Wikisource has original works written by or about:

H. P. Lovecraft

• H. P. Lovecraft at the Open Directory Project
• H.P. Lovecraft Audio Books (Fantom Films)
• H.P. Lovecraft Archive
• The H.P. Lovecraft Film Festival
• GPod Audiobooks The Call of Cthulu
• Works at Project Gutenberg Australia
• Essay on Lovecraft by S. T. Joshi
• Master of Disgust - Salon.com
• Extract from Michel Houellebecq's HP Lovecraft: Against the World, Against Life
• H. P. Lovecraft at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• Observer review of Houellebecq's "HP Lovecraft: Against the World, Against Life"..
• Luc Sante: The Heroic Nerd, New York Review of Books (abstract) On "Tales" collection & Houellebecq's "HP Lovecraft: Against the World, Against Life"
• The Myth Maker essay on Lovecraft at the Guardian Unlimited book review
• Wall Street Journal on H.P. Lovecraft
• H.P. Lovecraft at Findagrave
• HPLHS The H.P. Lovecraft Historical Society
• The Virtual World of H. P. Lovecraft a clickable mapping of Lovecraft's imaginary New England
• Index of The Works of Howard Phillips Lovecraft
• Joyce Carol Oates: The King of Weird, New York Review of Books 17/1996 (full text)

Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Wikiquote is one of a family of wiki-based projects run by the Wikimedia Foundation, running on MediaWiki software. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as dmoz (from , its original domain name), is a multilingual open content directory of World Wide Web links owned by Netscape that is constructed and maintained by a community of volunteer editors. ... The Internet Speculative Fiction Database is a database of bibliographic information on science fiction and related genres such as fantasy fiction and horror fiction. ... Luc Sante is a writer and critic. ... The New York Review of Books (or NYRB) is a biweekly magazine on literature, culture, and current affairs published in New York which takes as its point of departure that the discussion of important books is itself an indispensable literary activity. ... Guardian Unlimited is a British website owned by the Guardian Media Group. ... Joyce Carol Oates (born June 16, 1938) is an American author and the Roger S. Berlind 52 Professor in the Humanities with the Program in Creative Writing at Princeton University, where she has taught since 1978. ... The New York Review of Books (or NYRB) is a biweekly magazine on literature, culture, and current affairs published in New York which takes as its point of departure that the discussion of important books is itself an indispensable literary activity. ... Re-Animator (1985) is the first in a series of films based on the H.P. Lovecraft story Herbert West: Reanimator. ... Re-Animator (1985) is the first in a series of films based on the H.P. Lovecraft story Herbert West: Reanimator. ... Bride of Re-Animator is an American horror film released in 1991. ... Beyond Re-Animator (2003) is a comedy/horror movie, directed by Brian Yuzna. ... // Biography Stuart Gordon (born August 11, 1947) in Chicago, Illinois) is a director, writer and producer of films. ... Brian Yuzna (born in the Philippines in 1949) is a director, writer and producer of films. ... Jeffrey Alan Combs (born September 9, 1954 in Oxnard, California) is an American character actor best known for his horror film roles and his appearances playing a number of characters in the Star Trek franchise. ... Bruce Abbott (born 28 July 1954 in Portland, Oregon) is an American actor. ... Barbara Crampton is an American actress born on December 27, 1962 in Levittown, Long Island, New York. ... Herbert West—Reanimator is a short story by American horror fiction writer H. P. Lovecraft. ... Herbert West is a fictional character created by H. P. Lovecraft for his short story Herbert West—Reanimator, first published in 1922. ... The Lovecraft Mythos is the term coined by the scholar S. T. Joshi[1] to describe the pseudomythological backdrop, settings, and themes employed by the American weird fiction writer H. P. Lovecraft. ... Cthulhu and Rlyeh The Cthulhu Mythos encompasses the shared elements, characters, settings, and themes in the works of H. P. Lovecraft and associated horror fiction writers. ... H.P. Lovecrafts Dream-Cycle, although often overlooked for his Cthulhu Mythos, is a huge entity in a good number of this master of the macabres fictional works. ... This is a complete, exhaustive list of works by H. P. Lovecraft. ... A Great Old One is a type of fictional being in the Cthulhu Mythos based in the stories of HP Lovecraft. ... For other uses, see Cthulhu (disambiguation). ... Ithaqua (the Wind-Walker or the Wendigo) is a fictional character in the Cthulhu Mythos of H.P. Lovecraft. ... Artistic portrayal of Shub-Niggurath, along with her Thousand Young. Shub-Niggurath, often associated with the phrase The Black Goat of the Woods with a Thousand Young, is a fictional deity in the Cthulhu Mythos of H. P. Lovecraft. ... Ygolonac (the Defiler) is a fictional deity in the Cthulhu mythos of H.P. Lovecraft. ... An Outer God is a fictional deity in the Cthulhu Mythos of H.P. Lovecraft. ... Azathoth is a fictional deity in the Cthulhu Mythos stories of H.P. Lovecraft and other authors. ... Nyarlathotep (the Crawling Chaos) is a fictional character in the Cthulhu Mythos. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Sunanda Tryambak Joshi (b. ... Robert William Chambers (May 26, 1865 – December 16, 1933) was an American artist and writer. ... Robert McNair Price was born July 7, 1954 in Mississippi and is a Professor of Theology and Scriptural Studies. ... Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 - February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor and critic. ... For the poem by Edgar Allan Poe, see The Haunted Palace (poem) The Haunted Palace is a 1963 horror film directed by Roger Corman and featuring Vincent Price. ... Call of Cthulhu is a horror fiction role-playing game based on the story of the same name written by H.P. Lovecraft and the so-called Cthulhu Mythos the story inspired. ... Re-Animator (1985) is the first in a series of films based on the H.P. Lovecraft story Herbert West: Reanimator. ... From Beyond was released in 1986. ... Shadow of the Comet (later repackaged as Call of Cthulhu: Shadow of the Comet) is a computer game in the adventure game genre. ... Necronomicon is an American anthology horror film released in 1994. ... Prisoner of Ice (also Call of Cthulhu: Prisoner of Ice) is a 1995 computer game based on H.P. Lovecrafts Cthulhu Mythos, particularly drawing inspiration from At the Mountains of Madness. ... Cthulhu is an Australian low budget horror film made in 1996-1997 and released in 2000, by producer-director Damian Heffernan. ... Dagon is a 2001 horror movie directed by Stuart Gordon and written by Dennis Paoli. ... Cthulhu, see Cthulhu (film). ... Arkham Horror is an adventure board game designed by Richard Launius, most recently published in 2005 by Fantasy Flight Games. ... H.P. Lovecrafts Dreams in the Witch House is the second episode of the first season of Masters of Horror, directed by Stuart Gordon. ... Cthulhu is a 2007 American thriller/horror movie, directed by Dan Gildark and co-written by Grant Cogswell and Daniel Gildark. ... The Whisperer in Darkness is an upcoming horror film being produced by the H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society. ... Arkham is a fictional city in Massachusetts, part of the Lovecraft Country setting created by H. P. Lovecraft and is featured in many of his stories, as well as those of other Cthulhu Mythos writers. ... Miskatonic University is a fictional university located in the equally fictitious Arkham, set in the real-world Essex County, Massachusetts. ... For other uses, see Necronomicon (disambiguation). ... The following is a list of media featuring H.P. Lovecrafts Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture. ... Lovecraft Country is the New England setting, combining real and fictitious locations, used by H.P. Lovecraft in many of his weird fiction stories, and later elaborated by other writers working in the Cthulhu mythos genre. ... Cover of first album H.P. Lovecraft was an American psychedelic rock group of the 1960s and 1970s named for the famous horror writer. ... Lovecraftian horror is a sub-genre of horror fiction which emphasizes the psychological horror of the unknown (in some cases, unknowable) over gore or other elements of shock, which may still be present. ... is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... Providence redirects here. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...