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The Hadassah medical convoy massacre was an event that took place during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, on April 13, 1948, when a Jewish medical convoy was attacked by Arab forces. The 1948 Arab-Israeli War is referred to as the War of Independence (Hebrew: מלחמת העצמ×ות) or as the War of Liberation (Hebrew: מלחמת השחרור) by Israelis. ...
13 April is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years). ...
1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...
The Blockade of Mount Scopus
The Hadassah Hospital on the Hebrew University campus on Mount Scopus, Jerusalem was connected to Jerusalem only by a narrow access road, a mile and a half long, that travelled through surrounding Arab vilages. Traffic between the hospital and the city came under occasional attacks since the outbreak of hostilities in November 1947. Hadassah, the Womens Zionist Organization of America, is a volunteer womens organization, founded in 1912 by Henrietta Szold, American Jewish scholar and activist. ...
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים) is one of Israels biggest and most important institutes of higher learning and research. ...
Mount Scopus (הר הצופים, Standard Hebrew , Tiberian Hebrew ; Arabic جبل المشارف Jabal al-Mašārif, جبل المشهد Jabal al-Mašhad, جبل الصوانة ) is a mountain in East Jerusalem. ...
Jerusalem (31°46′N 35°14′E; Hebrew: (help· info) Yerushalayim; Arabic: (help· info) al-Quds), Greek ΙεÏοσόλυμα, is an ancient Middle Eastern city on the watershed between the Mediterranean Sea and the Dead Sea at an elevation of 650-840 meters. ...
The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ʻarab) are a large and heterogeneous ethnic group found throughout the Middle East and North Africa, originating in the Arabian Peninsula of southwest Asia. ...
1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
At a press conference on 17 March the leader of the Palestinian forces in Jerusalem, Abdul Kader Husseini, threatened that the Hadassah Hospital and the Hebrew University would be captured or destroyed "if the Jews continued to use them as bases for attacks".[1] Though he did not carry through on his threat, the Arab militias began to use armor-piercing weapons and mines to attack traffic on the road. Though there was a brief lull at the end of March, attacks on road traffic had become almost constant by early April. Food and supplies had begun to run out, and fears grew that the hospital, which treated the majority of the Jewish residents of Jerusalem, might need to be abandoned. March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in Leap years). ...
Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni (1907-1948) was a Palestinian nationalist and fighter who in late 1933 founded the secret military group known as the Organization for Holy Struggle, (Munazzamat al-Jihad al-Muqaddas), which he and Hasan Salama commanded as the Army of the...
Plans were made for a large convoy, carrying patients, equipment, doctors, and supplies, to travel from Jerusalem to the besieged hospital. Although the British commander of Jerusalem assured the Jews that the road was safe, commanders of the Jerusalem sector of the Haganah, the irregular Jewish armed force, strongly advised a postponement due to the high tensions in the area, following the Deir Yassin massacre a few days earlier. However, the hospital staff decided to continue on with the convoy plans. Haganah Logo (1940s) The Haganah (Hebrew: The Defense, ×”×”×’× ×”) was a Jewish paramilitary organization in Palestine during the British mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948. ...
The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ...
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The Attack On April 13, a convoy of 10 vehicles, mostly consisting of unarmed Jewish doctors, nurses, medical students and lecturers set off for the hospital in the early morning. At approximately 9:45, the leading vehicle was hit by a mine and the convoy came under attack by Arab irregular forces. Five of the vehicles were able to flee, but five others, including two buses and an ambulance, were unable to escape the ambush and were subject to constant machine gun fire from the surrounding Arabs, despite passengers waving a white flag. After the buses began to leak gasoline, they were set on fire by Molotov cocktails (petrol bombs) thrown by the irregulars, their inhabitants still inside. 13 April is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years). ...
The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ʻarab) are a large and heterogeneous ethnic group found throughout the Middle East and North Africa, originating in the Arabian Peninsula of southwest Asia. ...
Irregular soldiers in Beauharnois, Quebec, 19th century Irregular military refers to any non-standard military. ...
Molotov cocktail is the generic name for a variety of crude incendiary weapons. ...
For nearly seven hours, the British refused to intervene, and failed to even bring Jacques de Reynier, the Red Cross representative in Jerusalem, to the scene to negotiate a cease-fire. The British also attempted to stop the Haganah from mounting a rescue operation [citation needed], and the eventual attempts by the Palmach (an arm of the Haganah) to rescue the convoy were unsuccessful. The attack continued for over six hours before the British finally stopped it at around 4:30. Altogether approximately 77 Jews were killed by gunfire or were burnt when several vehicles were set alight. Palmach badge The Palmach (in Hebrew - פלמח ) was the regular fighting force of the Haganah (the underground army of Jewish settlers during the British Mandate of Palestine). ...
Aftermath Among those killed was Dr. Chaim Yassky, the Director of the hospital and Dr. Moshe Ben-David, who was to be the Director of a new medical school at the hospital (the medical school would eventually be built at Hebrew University in the 1950s). Chaim Yassky (1896-1948) was a physician and medical administrator in Jerusalem. ...
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים) is one of Israels biggest and most important institutes of higher learning and research. ...
After the attack, no convoys were able to reach the hospital for a week due to continued attacks on the road, and despite British assurances of assistance. The situation in the compound became grim, and the decision was made to evacuate the hospital in early May, leaving a staff of a couple hundred to run at a reduced 50 beds. The hospital was effectively closed by the end of May, as no supplies could reach it, though a small number of doctors and students remained. In July, a deal was worked out where Mount Scopus became a UN area, with 84 Jewish policemen assigned to guard the now shuttered hospital.
In the armistice agreement with Jordan, signed on April 3, 1949, the hospital became a demilitarized Israeli enclave, with a small adjacent no-man's-land (containing a WWI Allied military cemetery under British supervision) and the rest of Mount Scopus and East Jerusalem becoming Jordanian. The Israeli government and Hadassah donors then re-founded the hospital in Israeli West Jerusalem, with the original hospital staff (Hadassah Ein Kerem hospital). April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining. ...
1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ...
Demilitarization 1. ...
No mans land is a term for a land that is not occupied or more specifically land that is under dispute between parties that wont occupy it because of fear or uncertainty. ...
WWI may be an acronym for: World War I World Wrestling Industry This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
European military alliances in 1915. ...
Mount Scopus (הר הצופים, Standard Hebrew , Tiberian Hebrew ; Arabic جبل المشارف Jabal al-Mašārif, جبل المشهد Jabal al-Mašhad, جبل الصوانة ) is a mountain in East Jerusalem. ...
East Jerusalem is that part of Jerusalem which was held by Jordan from the 1948 Arab-Israeli War until the Six-Day War in 1967. ...
Hadassah Ein Kerem hospital of Hadassah Ein Karem hospital (Hebrew: בית ×”×—×•×œ×™× ×”×“×¡×” עין כר×) is a University hospital in Ein Kerem, a suburb of Jerusalem, Israel. ...
The Mt. Scopus hospital only resumed medical services when East Jerusalem was captured by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War. It is currently the largest and best equipped hospital in East Jerusalem, although smaller than the new hospital in West Jerusalem. 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Sharif Zaid Ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 50,000 troops (264,000 including mobilized reservists); 197 combat aircraft Egypt 150,000 troops; Syria 75,000; Jordan...
Notes - ^ 'Husseini Threatens Hadassah', The Palestine Post, 18 March, 1948, p. 1.
March 18 is the 77th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (78th in leap years). ...
Further reading - Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre, O Jerusalem!, History Book Club, 1972, ISBN 0671662414.
- Jacques de Reynier, A Jerusalem un drapeau flottait sur la ligne de feu.
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