Hafsa bint Umar was the daughter of Umar ibn al-Khattab and wife of Muhammad. She became a widow when she was eighteen. According to Islamic tradition, after Abu Bakr and Uthman ibn Affan refused to marry her, Umar went to Muhammad to complain about their behavior, and Muhammad replied, "Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman and Uthman will marry one better than Hafsa." Muhammad married her after the battle of Badr. Hafsa was around twenty years old and Muhammad fifty-six at the time of marriage. By this marriage, Muhammad strengthened ties between him and two of his closest friends. He was now married to the daughter of Abu Bakr, Aisha, and to the daughter of Umar.
Uthman, another close companion of Muhammad, was married to the daughter of Muhammad, Ruqayya. She died around 2 A.H. Uthman then married Umm Khulthum, also the daughter of Muhammad.
According to Islamic tradition, Hafsa had memorized the Qur'an. The copy of Zayd ibn Thabit which was recorded by the instructions of Abu Bakr was given to Hafsa. Uthman, when he became a Caliph, used Hafsa's copy when he attempted to develop a definitive text of the Qur'an.
In 625, Umar's daughter HafsabintUmar was married to Muhammad.
Umar challenges Sophronious, saying that God does not 'demand extravagance' to which the Patriarch replies that he is 'his office.' He does not wear finery to adorn himself but to 'check the confusion and anarchy in the world' (91).
Umar is also said to have contributed to the process by which the Qur'an was gathered into a canon, commissioning Zaid ibn Thabit (died 655) to collect the chapters even before he was himself Caliph.
Umar asked both Abu Bakr and Uthman ibn Affan, one after another, if they would like to marry her, but they both declined because they knew that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had expressed an interest in marrying her.
Hafsa, like A'isha with whom she became close friends, was never at a loss for words, and was not afraid to argue with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who was content to allow her to say what she thought.
Umar was just about to chastise her for what he considered were bad manners, when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came into the room and would not allow him to even touch her.
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