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Hal Draper (1914-1990) was an American socialist activist, Marxist, Left-Shachtmanite, and author, perhaps best known for his role in the Berkeley, California Free Speech Movement. His brother, Theodore Draper, is best known for his studies of the Communist Party of the United States of America and himself an activist in the socialist movement. 1914 (MCMXIV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ...
This article is about the year. ...
The color red and particularly the red flag are traditional symbols of Socialism. ...
Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ...
Shachtmanism was a form of Trotskyism associated with Max Shachtman. ...
An author is the person who creates a written work, such as a book, story, article or the like. ...
The Free Speech Movement was a student protest that began on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley in 1964 under the informal leadership of student Mario Savio and others. ...
Draper was initially a member of the Young People's Socialist League, then the youth affiliate of the Socialist Party of America. He was won with that organisation to Trotskyism. Along with the YPSL he took part in the founding of the Socialist Workers Party in 1938. The Young Peoples Socialist League began in 1907 as a youth circle in Chicago, Illinois. ...
Election poster for Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Party of America candidate for President, 1904 The Socialist Party of America was a socialist political party in the United States, the historic American member party of the Socialist International. ...
Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ...
The Socialist Workers Party is a small communist political party in the United States. ...
By 1940 he was part of a faction within the SWP which objected to the internal regime of that party and was developing an analysis of the USSR as a bureaucratic collectivist society in which a new class, the state bureaucracy, held social and state power. In 1940 they became the Workers Party led by Max Shachtman. The Workers Party was a Trotskyist group in the United States. ...
Max Shachtman (September 10, 1904 - 1972) is best known as an American Trotskyist theorist. ...
By 1948 the WP believed that the prospects for revolution were receding and that it must transform itself into a propaganda group. Therefore it became the Independent Socialist League and Hal Draper continued as one of its leading writers and functionaries. Based in his native New York Draper would often write and edit almost the entire contents of issues of the groups paper.
With a shrinking membership (although its youth work was buoyant) the ISL leadership around Shachtman decided that the time had come to join forces with the Socialist Party of America and in 1958 fused into it. This was a development that Draper opposed although he went along with for lack of an alternative orientation.
In 1962, after an ultimatum from Joel Geier (later a leader of the International Socialists), Draper - now resident in Berkeley, California - formed the Independent Socialist Club (ISC) outside the SPA. In 1964 Draper was heavily involved in the Free Speech Movement, an important precursor of that decade's New Left, on the University of California, Berkeley campus. The International Socialists were a Trotskyist group in the United States. ...
The Free Speech Movement was a student protest that began on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley in 1964 under the informal leadership of student Mario Savio and others. ...
The New Left is a term used in political discourse to refer to radical left-wing movements from the 1960s onwards. ...
University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (also known as California, Cal, UCB, UC Berkeley, The University of California, or simply Berkeley) is a public, coeducational university situated east of the San Francisco Bay in Berkeley, California, overlooking the Golden Gate. ...
In 1968 ISC became the International Socialists as it expanded nationally. But in 1971 he quit the IS due to his concern that the group was no longer placing the working class at the center of its analysis. From then onwards he produced a stream of scholarly works on Marxism and the workers' movement.
His most enduring legacy is likely to be his four volume study Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution, a seminal re-evaluation of Marx's whole political theory. Its main arguments are summarised in the pamphlet The Two Souls of Socialism. Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818 Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883 London) was an influential philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary organizer of the International Workingmens Association. ...
Organizations he was a member of:
Outside his overtly political writings, Draper's most outstanding work is arguably short story Ms Fnd in a Lbry, a satire of the information age, written in 1961. The Young Peoples Socialist League began in 1907 as a youth circle in Chicago, Illinois. ...
The Socialist Workers Party is a small communist political party in the United States. ...
The Workers Party was a Trotskyist group in the United States. ...
Election poster for Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Party of America candidate for President, 1904 The Socialist Party of America was a socialist political party in the United States, the historic American member party of the Socialist International. ...
The Free Speech Movement was a student protest that began on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley in 1964 under the informal leadership of student Mario Savio and others. ...
The International Socialists were a Trotskyist group in the United States. ...
This article is in need of attention. ...
Ms Fnd in a Lbry (probably intended to be spelled out Manuscript Found in a Library) is a satiric science fiction short story about the information age by Hal Draper written in 1961. ...
Satire is a literary technique of writing or art which exposes the follies of its subject (for example, individuals, organizations, or states) to ridicule, often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. ...
Information Age is a term applied to the period where movement of information became faster than physical movement, more narrowly applying to the 1980s or 1990s onward. ...
1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Draper also published an English translation (Surkampf/Insel, 1984) of the complete works of the German 19th c. poet Heinrich Heine, the fruit of three decades of work conducted alongside his better-known political activity. Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (born as Harry Heine December 13, 1797 – February 17, 1856) was one of the most significant German poets. ...
External links - The Two Souls of Socialism
- Hal Draper Internet Archive
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