North Frisian Islands with Halligen (darker green)

A Hallig (plural Halligen) is one of the ten small German islands without protective dikes in the North Frisian Islands on Schleswig-Holstein’s Wadden Sea-North Sea coast. Download high resolution version (1797x4404, 300 KB)Map of North Frisian Islands Original uploading information is to be found here. ... Download high resolution version (1797x4404, 300 KB)Map of North Frisian Islands Original uploading information is to be found here. ... A dyke (or dike) is a stone or earthen wall constructed as a defence or as a boundary. ... Map of North Frisian Islands The North Frisian Islands are a group of islands in the Wadden Sea, a part of the North Sea, off the western coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany and Jutland, Denmark. ... Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the 16 Bundesländer in Germany. ... The Wadden Sea (Wattenmeer in German, Waddenzee in Dutch, Waadsee in Frisian, Wattensee in Low Saxon, Vadehavet in Danish) is the name for a body of water and its associated coastal wetlands lying between a section of the coast of northwestern continental Europe and the North Sea. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ...

The name comes from a Celtic word hal, meaning “salt”, a reference to the low-lying land in the region which is often flooded over with saltwater by the tides. Owing to the commoner floodings in the Middle Ages, themselves the result of poorer coastal protection at that time, there were once more Halligen than there are today. A look at the maps on this page will demonstrate that this part of the North Sea coast is very much at the sea's mercy. Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages. ... For information on water from a sea or ocean, see sea water. ... The tide is the regular rising and falling of the oceans surface caused by changes in gravitational forces external to the Earth. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...

The Halligen have areas ranging from 7 to 956 ha, and are often former parts of the mainland, separated therefrom by storm tide erosion. Some are also parts of once much bigger islands sundered by the same forces. Sometimes, owing to sediment deposition, islands have actually grown together to form larger ones. The Hallig Langeneß (or Langeness) includes a former island by that same name, and two others that were called Nordmarsch and Butwehl. This article is about the geomorphological/geopolitical term; Mainland is also a brand from Fonterra. ... A storm tide is a tide with a high flood period caused by a storm. ... Severe soil erosion in a wheat field near Washington State University, USA. Erosion is the displacement of solids (soil, mud, rock, and so forth) by the agents of wind, water, ice, movement in response to gravity, or living organisms (in the case of bioerosion). ...

Dwellings and commercial buildings are built upon metre-high man-made hills, called Warften in German, to guard against storm tides. Some Halligen also have overflow dikes.

Not very many people live on the Halligen. Their livelihoods are mainly based on tourism, coastal protection, and agriculture. This last activity mainly involves cattle raising in the fertile, often flooded, salt meadows. A tourist boat travels the River Seine in Paris, France Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the provision of services for this act. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ...

The Halligen are to be found in the Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer National Park. The commercially developed Halligen Nordstrandischmoor, Gröde, Oland, Langeneß, and Hooge are surrounded by the protected area, but not an integral part of it. The smaller Halligen Habel, Südfall, Süderoog, and Norderoog as well as the Hamburger Hallig are parts of the national park. Walks on the tidal flats and informational meetings are offered by tourist boards and the park administration. The Wadden Sea National Parks are located along the German coast of the North Sea. ... Oland is a Hallig, a small island belonging to the North Frisian Islands of Germany. ... The Hallig Habel is the smallest Hallig in the German Wadden Sea, and is a bird sanctuary. ... Mudflats are relatively flat, muddy regions found in intertidal areas. ...

The island of Mandø in the Danish part of the archipelago is also technically a Hallig, although it is far away from the other ten, which are quite near each other. Mandø can be reached from the mainland over the mudflats at low tide, when a tidal pathway (ebbevej in Danish, meaning "ebb-way") is above water. An archipelago is a landform which consists of a chain or cluster of islands. ... Mudflats are relatively flat, muddy regions found in intertidal areas. ...

List of Halligen

• Langeneß – 956 ha, 16 Warften, about 110 inhabitants. Narrow gauge railway connection to Oland (over causeway).
• Mandø (Denmark) – 763 ha, ? Warften, 60 inhabitants. Joined by path to mainland at low tide.
• Hooge – 574 ha, 10 Warften, about 120 inhabitants.
• Gröde – 277 ha, 2 Warften, 17 inhabitants.
• Nordstrandischmoor; 175 ha, 4 Warften, 18 inhabitants. One-room schoolhouse. Narrow gauge railway connection to mainland.
• Oland – 96 ha, 1 Warft, about 30 inhabitants. Narrow gauge railway connection to mainland and Langeneß.
• Süderoog – 60 ha, 1 Warft, 2 inhabitants.
• Südfall – 50 ha, 1 Warft, bird sanctuary.
• Hamburger Hallig – 50 ha, 1 Warft, uninhabited, inn occupied in summer, joined to the mainland by a 4 km-long causeway and a polder.
• Norderoog – 9 ha, no Warften, bird sanctuary tended year-round.
• Habel – 3,5 ha, 1 Warft, uninhabited, bird sanctuary occupied in summer.

The Halligen area around 1650 on a map by Johannes Mejer

The Halligen area around 1850

Narrow-gauge railways are railroads (railways) with track spaced at less than the standard gauge of 4 ft 8 in (1. ... In modern usage, a causeway is a road elevated by a bank, usually across a broad body of water or wetland. ... Williamson School was a one-room school in Blanch, Caswell County, North Carolina One-room schools were commonplace throughout rural portions of various countries including the United States, Canada, Australia, Scotland and Ireland in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... Oland is a Hallig, a small island belonging to the North Frisian Islands of Germany. ... A polder is a low-lying tract of land that forms an artificial hydrological entity, enclosed by embankments known as dikes and requiring drainage by pumps to prevent the water table within it from rising too high. ... The Hallig Habel is the smallest Hallig in the German Wadden Sea, and is a bird sanctuary. ... Download high resolution version (879x948, 311 KB)Original uploading information is to be found here. ... Download high resolution version (879x948, 311 KB)Original uploading information is to be found here. ... Download high resolution version (2368x2784, 1088 KB)Original uploading information is to be found here. ... Download high resolution version (2368x2784, 1088 KB)Original uploading information is to be found here. ...

See also

List of islands of Germany This is a list of islands of Germany. ...

List of islands of Denmark This is an incomplete list of islands of Denmark. ...

Tidal island A tidal island is a piece of land that is connected to the mainland by a causeway exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide. ...