Note: The word "halobacteria" is also the plural form of the word "halobacterium". Halobacteria are more correctly called Haloarchaea, but halobacteria remains in common usage as they were originally designated as such before the existence of the domain Archaea was realised.

In taxonomy, the Halobacteria (also Halomebacteria) are a class of the Euryarchaeota,^[1] found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. They are also called halophiles, though this name is also used for other organisms which live in somewhat less concentrated salt water. They are common in most environments where large amounts of salt, moisture, and organic material are available. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Species H. salinarum Synonyms Halobacter Anderson 1954 Halobacter Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957 not Halobacterium Schoop 1935 (nomen nudum) Note: The word halobacterium is also the singular form of the word halobacteria. In taxonomy, Halobacterium is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... Phyla Crenarchaeota Euryarchaeota Korarchaeota Nanoarchaeota ARMAN The Archaea (pronounced ) are a group of prokaryotic and single-celled microorganisms. ... Classes Archaeoglobi Halobacteria Methanobacteria Methanococci Methanomicrobia Methanopyri Thermococci Thermoplasmata The Euryarchaeota are a major group of Archaea. ... In scientific classification used in biology, the order (Latin: ordo, plural ordines) is a rank between class and family (termed a taxon at that rank). ... Genera Haloalkalicoccus Haloarcula Halobacterium Halobaculum Halobiforma Halococcus Haloferax Halogeometricum Halorhabdus Halorubrum Halosimplex Haloterrigena Natrialba Natrinema Natronobacterium Natronococcus Natronomonas Natronorubrum Note: The word halobacteria is also the plural form of the word halobacterium. The halobacteria (also halomebacteria) are a class of archaea, found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. ... In scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different scientific names used for a single taxon. ... Species H. salinarum Synonyms Halobacter Anderson 1954 Halobacter Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957 not Halobacterium Schoop 1935 (nomen nudum) Note: The word halobacterium is also the singular form of the word halobacteria. In taxonomy, Halobacterium is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae. ... Haloarchaea are a member of the halophile community, in that they require high salt concentrations to grow. ... Phyla Crenarchaeota Euryarchaeota Korarchaeota Nanoarchaeota ARMAN The Archaea (pronounced ) are a group of prokaryotic and single-celled microorganisms. ... Taxonomy, sometimes alpha taxonomy, is the science of finding, describing and naming organisms, thus giving rise to taxa. ... A class is the rank in the scientific classification of organisms in biology below Phylum and above Order. ... Classes Archaeoglobi Halobacteria Methanobacteria Methanococci Methanomicrobia Methanopyri Thermococci Thermoplasmata The Euryarchaeota are a major group of Archaea. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... This article is about common table salt. ... Halophiles are extremophiles that thrive in environments with very high concentrations of salt (at least 2 M, approximately ten times the salt level of ocean water). ...

Halobacteria can grow aerobically, anaerobically, or by means of photosynthesis. Parts of the membranes of halobacteria are purplish in color, and large blooms of Halobacteria appear reddish, from the pigment bacteriorhodopsin, related to the retinal pigment rhodopsin. This pigment is used to absorb light, which provides energy to create ATP. Halobacteria also possess a second pigment, halorhodopsin, which pumps chloride ions in the cell in response to photons, creating a voltage gradient and assisting in the production of energy from light. The process is unrelated to other forms of photosynthesis involving electron transport however, and halobacteria are incapable of fixing carbon from carbon dioxide. Cellular respiration was discovered by mad scientist Mr. ... Photosynthesis splits water to liberate O2 and fixes CO2 into sugar The leaf is the primary site of photosynthesis in plants. ... A biological membrane or biomembrane is an enclosing or separating tissue which acts as a barrier within or around a cell. ... Bacteriorhodopsin is a photosynthetic pigment used by archaea, most notably halobacteria. ... Human eye cross-sectional view. ... A rhodopsin molecule (yellow) with bound retinal (orange), embedded in a cell membrane (lipids shown as green, head groups as red/blue). ... Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide that is most important as a molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ... Halorhodopsin is a light-driven ion pump, specific for chloride ions, and found in phylogenetically ancient bacteria (archaea), known as halobacteria. ... Photosynthesis splits water to liberate O2 and fixes CO2 into sugar The leaf is the primary site of photosynthesis in plants. ... Carbon fixation is a process found in autotrophs, usually driven by photosynthesis, whereby carbon dioxide is changed into organic materials. ... Carbon dioxide (chemical formula: ) is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. ...

References

National Center for Biotechnology Information logo The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health. ... National Center for Biotechnology Information logo The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

Scientific journals

• Cavalier-Smith, T (2002). "The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52: 7–76. PMID 11837318. 
• Woese, CR; Kandler O, Wheelis ML (1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 4576–4579. PMID 2112744. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T (1986). "The kingdoms of organisms". Nature 324: 416–417. PMID 2431320. 

Scientific books

• Grant WD, Kamekura M, McGenity TJ, Ventosa A (2001). "Class III. Halobacteria class. nov.", in DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds.: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria, 2nd ed., New York: Springer Verlag, p. 169. ISBN 978-0387987712. 
• Garrity GM, Holt JG (2001). "Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov.", in DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds.: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria, 2nd ed., New York: Springer Verlag, p. 169. ISBN 978-0387987712. 

Scientific databases

• PubMed references for Halobacteria

• PubMed Central references for Halobacteria

• Google Scholar references for Halobacteria

External links

• NCBI taxonomy page for Halobacteria
• Search Tree of Life taxonomy pages for Halobacteria
• Search Species2000 page for Halobacteria
• MicrobeWiki page for Halobacteria
• LSPN page for Halobacteria