Han Sui (??–215) was a warrior and military leader in the waning years of the Han Dynasty and in the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. For most of his life he was active in Liangzhou (涼州, the northwestern frontier of the Han Dynasty) and was involved in several rebellions against the Han Dynasty and against Cao Cao. Personal names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin, where pin means spell and yin means sound. The most common variant of pinyin in use is called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), also known as scheme of the Chinese phonetic alphabet... A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name, is an extra name that could be used in place of the given name. ... Events Caracallas Roman troops massacre the population of Alexandria, Egypt. ... The Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Han Chau; 206 BC–AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. ... The Three Kingdoms in 262, on the eve of the conquest of Shu. ... China is the worlds oldest continuous major civilization, with written records dating back about 3,500 years and with 5,000 years being commonly used by Chinese as the age of their civilization. ... Cáo Cāo (曹操; pinyin: Cáo Cāo; Wade-Giles: Tsao² Tsao¹) (155 – March 15, 220) was a regional warlord and the last Chancellor of Eastern Han Dynasty who rose to great power during the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty in ancient China. ...

Life

With the backing of the Qiang people who populated much of Liangzhou, Han Sui took up arms against the Han Dynastry during the rule of Emperor Ling. He joined forces with others in the area, such as Bian Zhang (边章), Beigong Yu (北宫玉), and Liwen Hou(李文侯). The rebellion was put down by Dong Zhuo, but Han Sui maintained the support of the Qiang people and maintained his territory in Liangzhou. Another rebellion, during which he gained the powerful ally Ma Teng, was put down by Huangfu Song. The Qiang people (羌族; Pinyin: qiāng zú) are an ethnic group. ... Emperor Ling of Han, trad. ... Dong Zhuo (董卓; Pinyin: DÇ’ng Zhuō) (139 – 192) was a warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Huangfu Song (皇甫嵩) was a well known minister of the late Han Dynasty. ...

Han Sui is thought to have preferred to remain somewhat behind the scenes, placing someone else in a position of leadership while holding real power himself. It is thought that Bian Zhang was the first of these, but Han Sui killed him along with Beigong Yu. He then placed Wang Guo (王国) in power with the help of Ma Teng (who he pledged a pact of brotherhood with). The arrangement did not last long, however, and Wang Guo was removed from power (and presumably killed). It was at this point that Ma Teng and Han Sui declared themselves co-rulers of the Liangzhou region, now mostly autonomous due to turmoil in the Han dynasty.

Early in 192, the two of them surrendered to Dong Zhuo's government, but Dong Zhuo was assassinated by Lü Bu and Wang Yun in April, and when Li Jue succeeded in taking power, Han Sui and Ma Teng allied themselves with Liu Yan and moved their armies toward Chang'an. Unable to score any victories in battle against Li Jue, and running short on supplies, they retreated to Liangzhou. Events The kingdom of Champa begins to control south and central Vietnam (approximate date). ... LÇš Bù (156 – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Wang Yun was the father of Diao Chan, and is most famous for creating the great rift that led to the death of Dong Zhuo at the hands of Lu Bu. ... Li Jue (simplified Chinese: 李傕) (died 197) took command of Dong Zhuos empire after the latter was assassinated by Lü Bu, and with the help of Guo Si, Zhang Ji and Fan Chou he managed to take over Chang An, and secure power within the Imperial Court. ... Liu Yan (? - 194) was a member of the Han Dynastys imperial family and a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... Changan â–¶(?) (Simplified Chinese: 长安; Traditional Chinese: 長安; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chang-an) is the ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in China. ...

Not long afterward, however, Han Sui and Ma Teng's relationship soured and the two of them battled each other for control of Liangzhou. Their battle escalated to the point where both were killing each other's wives and children. Cao Cao, having achieved victory at the Battle of Guandu, sent Zhong Yao to broker a peace between the two warring sides and to place Liangzhou under Cao Cao's authority. After the terms were agreed to, Han Sui and Ma Teng would give assistance to Cao Cao in the remainder of his battles against Yuan Shao. After this, Ma Teng was forcibly summoned to Ye and Han Sui placed his son Ma Chao in charge of the region. The Battle of Guandu (官渡之戰) was a battle in Chinese history. ... Zhong Yao (Chinese:鍾繇, sometimes translated to Zhong You, 151-230) was a certain minister of Wei. ... Yuan Shao (? – 202) was a major warlord occupying the north of ancient China during the massive civil war towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms era. ... Ye was a city in ancient China. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ...

When Cao Cao began gathering armies with the intent of invading Hanzhong, then under the rule of Zhang Lu, Ma Chao and Han Sui suspected that it was they, and not Zhang Lu who would be attacked. The two of them gathered warlords from the western regions and went to war against Cao Cao. However, in the course of the conflict Cao Cao managed to turn Ma Chao and Han Sui against each other. Han Sui realized that there was no hope for victory with the forces divided against each other in suspicion, and retreated once again to Liangzhou. Cao Cao captured and killed Han Sui's son and grandchildren. Hanzhong (Simplified Chinese: 汉中; Traditional Chinese: 漢中; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hanchung) is a city in Shaanxi province, in central China. ... Zhang Lu (张鲁) (??? - ???) was the controller of Hanzhong shortly before the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history. ...

When Xiahou Yuan began his subjugation of the Liangzhou region, Han Sui fought against this, but was ultimately defeated and forced to retreat. He discussed the idea of retreating to Shu, but his subordinate Chenggong Ying (成公英) instead encouraged him to continue his fight against Cao Cao. At this point, he was either killed by some of his own generals, or died of illness. In either case, his head was brought to Cao Cao by his generals as they surrendered. He was believed to have been over 70 years old at the time of his death. Xiahou Yuan (? – 219) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... The Kingdom of Shu (蜀 shǔ) (221 – 263) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty. ...

Han Sui in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

In The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Han Sui is depicted as a subordinate of Ma Teng, when in fact he was a warlord of equal footing. Han Sui's preference to remain out of the scenes may have been a reason for this depiction.

According to the story, in the battle against the forces of Cao Cao, Han Sui leads 8 loyal generals of Ma Chao's into battle. However, due to Jia Xu's plot, Ma Chao grows suspicious of Han Sui and in anger cut off his left arm. Han Sui then defected to Cao Cao, and was given a post. Afterwards, the story has him stationed in Liangzhou with Xiahou Yuan. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Jia Xu (147 - 224 AD) was an advisor to the Wei Kingdom. ...

Reference

This page is a rough translation of the Japanese version, re-arranged and re-formatted.