Hanafuda (花札, Hanafuda^?) are playing cards of Japanese origin, used to play a number of games. The name literally translates as 'flower cards'. Shortcut: WP:-( Vandalism is indisputable bad-faith addition, deletion, or change to content, made in a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of the encyclopedia. ... Shortcut: WP:-( Vandalism is indisputable bad-faith addition, deletion, or change to content, made in a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of the encyclopedia. ... A strategy is a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal, most often winning. Strategy is differentiated from tactics or immediate actions with resources at hand. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

History

Though refined card games were played in Japan by the nobility since its early eras, they were not commonly used for gambling, nor played by the lower classes. This changed, however, in the 18th year of Tenmon (A.D. 1549) when Saint Francisco Xavier landed in Japan. The crew of his ship had carried a set of Hombre (48-card Portuguese) playing cards from Europe, and card games, or more specifically, gambling card games, became extremely popular with the Japanese. When Japan subsequently closed off all contact with the Western world in 1633, foreign playing cards were banned. This article needs to be wikified. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... Some typical modern playing cards. ...

Despite the ban, gambling with cards remained highly popular. Private gambling during the Tokugawa Shogunate was illegal. Because playing card games per se were not banned, new cards were created with different designs to avoid the restriction. For example, an anonymous game player designed a card game known as "Unsun Karuta". These cards were decorated with Chinese art, each depicting Chinese warriors, weaponry, armor, and dragons. This deck consisted of 75 cards, and was not as popular as the Western card games had been simply because of the difficulty of becoming familiar with the system. When gambling with a particular card deck design became too popular, the government banned those cards to restrict gambling activity, which then prompted the creation of new cards. This cat and mouse game between the government and rebellious gamblers resulted in the creation of many differing designs. The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Through the rest of the Edo era through the Meiwa, Anei, and Tenmei eras (roughly 1765–1788), a game called Mekuri Karuta took the place of Unsun Karuta. Consisting of a 48-card deck divided into 4 sets of 12, it became wildly popular and was one of the most common forms of gambling during this time period. In fact, it became so commonly used for gambling that it was banned in 1791, during the Kansei Era. History of Japan Paleolithic Jomon Yayoi Yamato period ---Kofun period ---Asuka period Nara period Heian period Kamakura period Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period ---Nanban period Edo period Meiji period Taisho period Showa period ---Japanese expansionism ---Occupied Japan ---Post-Occupation Japan Heisei The Edo period (江戸時代) is a... Meiwa (明和) was a Japanese era after Hōreki and before Anei and spanned from 1764 to 1772. ... Anei (安永) was a Japanese era after Meiwa and before Tenmei and spanned from 1772 to 1782. ... Tenmei (天明) was a Japanese era after Anei and before Kansei and spanned from 1781 to 1789. ... Kansei (寛政) was a Japanese era after Tenmei and before Kyōwa and spanned from February, 1789 to March, 1801. ...

Over the next few decades, several new card games were developed and subsequently banned due to the fact that they were used almost exclusively for gambling purposes. However, the government began to realize that some form of card games would always be played by the populace, and began to relax their laws against gambling. The eventual result of all this was a game called Hanafuda, which combined traditional Japanese games with Western-style playing cards. Because hanafuda cards do not have numbers (the main purpose is to associate images) and the long length to complete a game, it has a partially limited use for gambling. However, it is still possible to gamble by assigning points for completed image combinations.

By this point, however, card games were not nearly as popular as they had been due to past governmental repression.

In 1889, Fusajiro Yamauchi founded Nintendo Koppai for the purposes of producing and selling hand-crafted Hanafuda cards painted on mulberry tree bark. Though it took awhile to catch on, soon the Yakuza began using Hanafuda cards in their gambling parlors, and card games became popular in Japan again. Today, Hanafuda is commonly played in Hawaii and Korea, though under different names. In Hawaii, it is called Sakura, Higobana and sometimes Hanafura; in Korea it is 화투 (Hwatu).[1] It is also played in the former Japanese colony of Micronesia, where it is known as Hanafuda. It is a four-person game, and is often paired cross-table, though the Korean and Japanese versions are usually played with three players, with two-person variants. Despite its focus on video games, Nintendo still produces the cards, although this business is diminishing. In 2006, Nintendo published Clubhouse Games (42 All-Time Classics in UK) for the Nintendo DS, which included Koi-Koi. Fusajiro Yamauchi (山内 房治郎 Yamauchi Fusajirō, November 22, 1859 – January 1940) was the founder of the company that is now known as Nintendo Company Limited. ... Nintendo Company, Limited (任天堂 or ニンテンドー Nintendō; NASDAQ: NTDOY, TYO: 7974 usually referred to as simply Nintendo, or Big N ) is a multinational corporation founded on September 23, 1889[1] in Kyoto, Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards. ... Species See text. ... For other meanings of bark, see Bark (disambiguation). ... This article is about organized crime. ... Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area  Ranked 43rd  - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²)  - Width n/a miles (n/a km)  - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km)  - % water 41. ... Korea (Korean: 한국 in South Korea or ì¡°ì„  in North Korea, see below) is a geographic area, civilization, and former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. ... Namcos Pac-Man was a hit, and became a universal phenomenon. ... Clubhouse Games ), 42 All-Time Classics in Europe [1], is a compilation video game consisting of card, board, and parlor games developed by Agenda and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. ... Clubhouse Games ), 42 All-Time Classics in Europe [1], is a video game for the Nintendo DS, recently announced on May 9, 2006 at E3. ...

The following rules are by no means official: there are many different games played with Hanafuda, and there are as many different variations as there are players.

Game play

Cards

There are twelve suits, representing months. Each is designated a flower, and each suit has four cards. Typically, there are two 'normal' cards worth one point, one poetry ribbon card worth five points, and a final special card worth ten or twenty points. The point values could be considered unnecessary and arbitrary, as the most popular games only concern themselves with certain combinations of taken cards.

In Hawaii, there are cards of a Hawaiian version, too. In Korea, the November and December suits are reversed. Matsu can refer to: Matsu, a significant sea goddess in Chinese culture. ... Binomial name Grus japonensis (Statius Muller, 1776) The Red-crowned Crane (Grus japonensis), also called the Japanese Crane and Manchurian Crane, is a large crane and is the second rarest crane in the world. ... The Sun (Latin: Sol) is the star at the center of the Solar System. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Binomial name Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. ... Binomial name Cettia diphone (Kittlitz, 1830) The Japanese Bush Warbler 鶯(ウグイス) (Cettia diphone) is a passerine bird more often heard than seen. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... 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Species See text Iris is a genus of between 200-300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers which takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, referring to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. ... Species See text Iris is a genus of between 200-300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers which takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, referring to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Species See text The peony or paeony (Paeonia) is the sole genus in the flowering plant family Paeoniaceae. ... For other uses of the term butterfly, see butterfly (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Species Lespedeza angustifolia Lespedeza bicolor Lespedeza buergeri Lespedeza capitata Lespedeza chinensis Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Lespedeza cyrtobuergeri Lespedeza davidii Lespedeza davurica Lespedeza hirta Lespedeza homoloba Lespedeza intermedia Lespedeza intermixta Lespedeza japonica Lespedeza juncea Lespedeza kagoshimensis Lespedeza leptostachya Lespedeza maximowiczii Lespedeza melanantha Lespedeza pilosa Lespedeza procumbens Lespedeza repens Lespedeza stuevei Lespedeza texana Lespedeza... // Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 The Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) is the wild ancestor of the domestic pig. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Miscanthus sinensis is a grass native to Asia, but also cultivated in other parts of the world. ... Other uses: Goose (disambiguation) Genera Anser Branta Chen Cereopsis † see also: Swan, Duck Anatidae Goose (plural geese) is the general English name for a considerable number of birds, belonging to the family Anatidae. ... Apparent magnitude: up to -12. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Species Chrysanthemum aphrodite Chrysanthemum arcticum Chrysanthemum argyrophyllum Chrysanthemum arisanense Chrysanthemum boreale Chrysanthemum chalchingolicum Chrysanthemum chanetii Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium Chrysanthemum crassum Chrysanthemum glabriusculum Chrysanthemum hypargyrum Chrysanthemum indicum Chrysanthemum japonense Chrysanthemum japonicum Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium Chrysanthemum mawii Chrysanthemum maximowiczii Chrysanthemum mongolicum Chrysanthemum morifolium Chrysanthemum morii Chrysanthemum okiense Chrysanthemum oreastrum Chrysanthemum ornatum Chrysanthemum pacificum Chrysanthemum... Sake barrels at Itsukushima Shrine. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Distribution Species See List of Acer species Maples are trees or shrubs in the genus Acer. ... “Fawn” redirects here. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Species About 350, including: Salix acutifolia - Violet Willow Salix alaxensis - Alaska Willow Salix alba - White Willow Salix alpina - Alpine Willow Salix amygdaloides - Peachleaf Willow Salix arbuscula - Mountain Willow Salix arbusculoides - Littletree Willow Salix arctica - Arctic Willow Salix atrocinerea Salix aurita - Eared Willow Salix babylonica - Peking Willow Salix bakko Salix barrattiana... Genera Many, see text. ... “Parasol” redirects here. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... 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Play

There are many scoring version and games you can play with this deck, such as Koi-Koi. The rules below, however, are basic rules for Koi-Koi, the most popular Hanafuda game in Japan and Korea. There are a few variations to these rules, typically regarding point value or number of cards dealt, and the ones presented here are rules for two player Koi-Koi posted on Nintendo of Japan's site [2].

The object of the game is to form special card combinations called 'yaku' from cards accumulated in your point pile. You can gain cards in your point pile by matching cards in your hand, or drawn from the draw pile, with cards on the table. Once you have made a yaku, you can stop to cash in your points, or keep going (referred to as 'koi-koi,' hence the name of the game) to form additional yaku for more points.

An initial dealer (called the 'oya', or 'parent'), is decided upon when the game starts. This can be done with any method (rock-paper-scissors, dice roll) the players agree upon. A hanafuda-specific method involves random card draw: each player draws a single card; the player who draws a card from the earliest month is the oya.

To deal, the oya deals eight cards to his opponent (face down), the table (face up), then to himself (face down), though this is normally done two or four cards at a time. The rest of the cards are set aside as a draw pile, and then play begins starting with the oya.

On a player's turn, he may match by suit (i.e. month or flower) any one card in his hand with one on the table, and take both into his point pile. Alternatively, he may discard any one card from his hand face up to the table (which is his only choice if he can not match anything). Having done this, he then draws one card from the draw pile. If this card matches any card now on the table, he must match that card and keep both for his point pile; otherwise, he must discard it face up to the table. In the event that the drawn card matches more than one card on the table, the player gets the choice as to which card to match and therefore keep in addition to the drawn card.

After a player's turn ends, if he made at least one yaku that turn, that player must then make a choice. He may stop play and gain all the points he is entitled to from the yaku he has, or he can choose for play to continue (calling 'koi-koi') in an effort to gain more points.

Should he koi-koi and gain another yaku, his points are doubled. He may continue making this choice so long as he keeps gaining yaku; each time he calls koi-koi, the multiplier for his score increases by one. However, if his opponent gains a yaku before him, his opponent now makes this decision. The score multiplier applies to him as well, and should he decide to end the hand, he gains his points while the other player gains none.

In essence, each time koi-koi is called, the current hand's score multiplier is increased by one - the first time it is called, any points gained are doubled; the second and they are tripled, and so forth. Furthermore, once a player gains a yaku, he gets the choice to call the hand or koi-koi. Only the player who calls the hand gains points; regardless of how many yaku a player may have, if he did not end the hand, he gains no points.

The winner of the hand becomes the new oya, and assuming both players agree, a new hand is dealt. Should both players ever run out of cards to play, without having formed a yaku on the last play, no points are awarded to either player, and the next hand begins with the same oya.

Some groups, when gambling, will require the player whose score was multiplied to pay a proportionately larger amount of the winnings (i.e. a player who continued play twice would pay twice as much as the other player, since his score would have been doubled).

Special Cards

The Sake Cup is unique in that, though technically classified as a 10-point card, it counts as both a 10-point card and a 1-point card at the same time. Some rules allow the Sake Cup to count as a 10-point card and two 1-point cards at the same time.

Additionally, November's 1-point card, the Lightning, is sometimes used as a wild card that can match any card in some games. Poker games may contain one or more cards designated as wild. ...

Yaku Listing

If certain combinations of cards are won during play, extra points apply. Sometimes, players will be paired across the table when this rule is used (in multi-player Koi-Koi) to increase the chance of getting combos. Below is a list of special combinations with point values.

Some yaku can be considered extensions of others. For example, one may qualify for both Akatan and Tan by having the Akatan combination as well as two additional five-point cards. In these cases, players are only awarded points for the highest value yaku the associated cards qualify for.

Instant Wins and Redeals

There are two special yaku such that, if a player is dealt them before play begins, he is immediately awarded points. Play then ends before it starts, and the game continues to the next hand. These two combinations are as follows.

See also

• Karuta

Karuta , loaned from the Portuguese word meaning card (carta)) is a Japanese card game. ...

External links

• Hanafuda Card Game - Play Hanafuda online at gamedesign.jp
• Hanafuda/Kabufuda - site featuring rules for many different games played with hanafuda cards
• Hanafuda rules
• Japan World: Hanafuda – Rules for Koi-Koi and Hachi-Hachi.
• Minhato – This website has instructions and Java games for the Korean version of the game, Hwatu.
• Galbijim Wiki page on Hwatu
• GoStop-GoStop on ijji.com

http://www.sublab.net/hanafuda/ multiplay KOI KOI Java is a programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1995. ...