Jetstream
Type	Regional airliner/Feederliner
Manufacturer	Originally Handley Page later British Aerospace ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1773x1330, 415 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Handley Page Jetstream ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... The Handley Page Aircraft Company was founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909. ... British Aerospace (BAe) was a UK aircraft and defence systems manufacturer, now part of BAE Systems. ...
Maiden flight	1967
Introduced	1969
Number built	458
Variants	BAe Jetstream 41

The Handley Page HP.137 Jetstream is a small twin turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage, designed to meet the requirements of the United States feederliner and regional airline market. The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... The Jetstream 41 is a turboprop-powered feederliner and regional airliner, designed by British Aerospace as a stretched version of the popular Handley Page Jetstream. ... A schematic diagram showing the operation of a turboprop engine. ... SN Brussels Airlines Avro RJ85 regional jet A regional jet (RJ) is a small short-range jet aircraft that is intended to fly passengers from smaller airports to larger ones, thereby feeding the larger hubs with passengers. ... Regional Airlines redirects here. ...

Development

Handley Page was in an awkward position in the 1960s, wishing to remain independent of the "big two" British companies (Hawker Siddeley and the British Aircraft Corporation), but without the money needed to develop a large new airliner that would keep them in the market. After studying the problem they decided that their next product would be a highly competitive small airliner instead, filling a hole they identified for a 12-18 seat high-speed design. The design garnered intense interest in the US when it was first introduced, and an order for 20 had been placed even before the drawings were complete. The Handley Page Aircraft Company was founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909. ... Hawker-Ciggerley was a group of UK aircraft manufacturing companies formed as a result of the merger of Hawker Aircraft with Armstrong Siddeley. ... The British Aircraft Corporation, or BAC, was a British aircraft manufacturer, formed from the merger (under government pressure) of English Electric Aviation Ltd. ...

The original design dates from 1965 as a 12 seat (6 rows with a centre aisle) aircraft. The aircraft was a low wing, high tail monoplane of conventional layout. Considerable attention was paid to streamlining in order to improve performance, which led to one of the design's more distinctive features, a long nose profile. The fuselage had a circular fuselage cross section to ease pressurization, allowing much higher altitude flights and consequent higher speed and comfort than competing non-pressurised designs. One drawback of the design was that fuselage was so small in cross-section that the cabin floor had to be "lowered" to allow stand-up passenger entry and egress through the rear door. This meant that the main spar had to run through the cabin, causing a tripping hazard. In fluid dynamics, a streamline is the path that an imaginary massless particle would make if it followed the flow of a fluid in which it was embedded. ... In an aircraft, the spar is the main structural member of the wing, running lengthways across the span of the wing, at right angles (or thereabouts) to the fuselage. ...

Final assembly took place in a new factory at the Radlett aerodrome, but large portions of the structure were subcontracted, including complete wings being built by Scottish Aviation at Prestwick, Scotland and the tail section by Northwest Industries of Edmonton, Canada. The original design used Turboméca Astazou XIV engines of approximately 840 hp, and flew on 18 August 1967 as the Jetstream 1.^[1] Throughout the test program the engines proved to be a sore spot, being generally underpowered for the design, and surprisingly temperamental for what was then a mature and widely-used turboshaft design. Testing was eventually moved to the Turboméca factory airfield in the south of France, both to allow faster turnaround with engine work, and in order to improve the schedule by taking advantage of the better weather. , Radlett is a small town located north of London in the county of Hertfordshire between St Albans and Elstree on Watling Street with a population of approximately 8,000. ... Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer, England, 2003. ... Prestwick Prestwick is a town located in South Ayrshire on the central west coast of Scotland, approximately 30 miles to the south-west of Glasgow. ... This article is about the country. ... Motto: Industry Integrity Progress Area: 683. ... The Turboméca Astazou was a highly-successful series of turboprop and turboshaft engines, first run in 1957. ... is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from Canadian Golden Centennaires aerobatic team is formed and performs all year to celebrate the Canadian centennial year. ...

In order to improve sales prospects in the US, the fifth prototype was fitted with the US-built Garrett AiResearch TPE-331 in place of the French Astazou. Changing to the US-built engine was enough to allow the US Air Force to consider it for cargo use. They eventually placed an order for eleven, fitted with a cargo door and accommodation for 12 passengers or 6 stretcher cases, to be known as the C-10A, or Jetstream 3M. However the USAF cancelled their order in October 1969 citing late delivery.^[1] TPE-331 Engine This is a Gas Turbine Turboprop Engine originally designed by AiRsearch and now produced by Honeywell. ... Seal of the Air Force. ...

The first production model Jetstream 1 flew on 6 December 1968, and over the next year 36 would be delivered. However by this point Handley Page had given up on the original engine, and the Jetstream 2 was launched with the larger 965 hp Astazou XVI, starting deliveries in late 1969. The late delivery and engine problems had driven development costs to over £13 million, far more than the original £3 million projections. Only three Jetstream 2s would be completed before Handley Page went bankrupt, and the production line eventually shut down in 1970. is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their creditors. ...

There was enough interest in the design that it was first picked up by a collaboration of investors and Scottish Aviation who formed a company called Jetstream Aircraft to produce the aircraft. A further ten Jetstream 1s were produced by this team. Scottish Aviation continued production of the Jetstream 2 as well, although they referred to it as the Jetstream 200. In February 1972, twenty-six Jetstream 201s were ordered by the Royal Air Force, who used them as multi-engine trainers as the Jetstream T.1. Fourteen of these were modified as observer trainers for the Royal Navy, receiving the designation Jetstream T.2. Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer, England, 2003. ... RAF redirects here. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ...

It also featured in the 1979 James Bond Film Moonraker when the instruments are shot at and Bond is pushed out without a parachute. This article is about the spy series. ... Moonraker is a 1979 spy film. ...

British Aerospace Jetstream 31

After Scottish Aviation went bankrupt and was merged into British Aerospace in 1978, BAe decided the design was worth further development, and started work on a "Mark 3" Jetstream. As with the earlier 3M version for the USAF, the new version was re-engined with newer Garrett turboprops which offered more power (flat rated to 1020 shp with a thermodynamic limit of 1100 shp) and longer overhaul intervals over the original Turbomeca units. This allowed the aircraft to be offered in an 18 seat option (6 rows, 2+1), with an offset aisle, and with a water methanol option for the engine to allow the ability to operate at maximum load from a greater range of airfields, particularly in the continental United States and Australia. British Aerospace (BAe) was a UK aircraft and defence systems manufacturer, now part of BAE Systems. ... This article is about a unit of measurement. ...

The result was the Jetstream 31, which first flew on 28 March 1980,^[2] being certificated in the UK on 29 June 1982. The new version proved to be as popular as Handley Page hoped the original model would be, and several hundred 31s were built during the 1980s. In 1985 a further engine upgrade was planned, which flew in 1988 as the Jetstream Super 31, also known as the Jetstream 32. Production continued until 1993, by which time 386 31/32s had been produced. Four Jetstream 31s were ordered for the Royal Navy in 1985 as radar observer trainers, the Jetstream T.3, but were later used for VIP transport. is the 87th day of the year (88th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... For other uses, see VIP. For the 1961 British comedy film, see Very Important Person (film). ...

In 1993 British Aerospace adopted the Jetstream name as their brand name for all twin turboprop aircraft. As well as the Jetstream 31 and Jetstream 32, they also built the related Jetstream 41 and the unrelated, but co-branded BAe ATP/Jetstream 61. The Jetstream 61 never entered service, and retained it's "ATP" marketing name. The Jetstream 41 is a turboprop-powered feederliner and regional airliner, designed by British Aerospace as a stretched version of the popular Handley Page Jetstream. ... The BAe ATP was an airliner designed as an evolution of the Avro 748. ...

In August 2006 a total of 158 BAE Jetstream 31 and 32 aircraft remain in airline service. Major operators include: Coast Air (8), Direktflyg (7), Sun Air of Scandinavia (8), Blue Islands (4), Boston-Maine Airways (20) and RegionsAir (10) and Air National of New Zealand (5). Some 49 other airlines operate smaller numbers of the types.^[3] Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Coast Air is a regional airline based in Avaldsnes, near Haugesund, Norway. ... Direktflyg is a regional airline based in Sweden, operating services within Sweden and Norway. ... Sun Air of Scandinavia is an airline based in Billund, Denmark. ... Blue Islands is an airline based in Alderney in the Channel Islands. ... Boston-Maine Airways (BMA) is an airline based in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA. It is a scheduled and charter passenger carrier operating as the Pan Am Clipper Connection. ... RegionsAir was a Part 121 regional airline started in 1996 after American Eagle closed its hub in Nashville, Tennessee. ...

Other Jetstream versions

• Riley Jetstream : A number of early Jetstream 1 aircraft were converted by Riley Aircraft of Carlsbad, California, to this version. The aircraft were fitted with two Astazou XVI turboprop engines.
• Jetstream 31 Airliner : 18/19 passenger commuter airliner.
• Jetstream 31 Corporate : 8/10 passenger executive transport aircraft.
• Jetstream 31EP : Enhanced performance.
• Jetstream 31EZ : EEZ or maritime patrol version.
• Jetstream Executive Shuttle : 12-seat executive transport aircraft.
• Jetstream 31 Special : Utility transport aircraft.
• Jetstream 32EP : Passenger Aircraft with extra baggage space. Room for about 14 People.
• Jetstream QC (Quick Change) :
• Jetstream 41 : 29 passenger aircraft.

Eastern Airways BAe Jetstream 41 The Jetstream 41 is a turboprop-powered feederliner and regional airliner, originally designed by British Aerospace as a stretched version of the popular Handley Page Jetstream. ...

Military Operators

 Saudi Arabia

• Royal Saudi Air Force

 United Kingdom

• Royal Air Force
• Royal Navy

 Uruguay

• Uruguayan Navy

Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... The Royal Saudi Air Force (Arabic: , ), is the air force branch of Saudi Arabian armed forces. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... RAF redirects here. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uruguay. ... The armed forces of Uruguay are constitutionally subordinate to the president through the Minister of Defense. ...

Specifications (Jetstream 31)

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft, 1988-1989^[2]

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Capacity: 19 passengers
• Length: 14.37 m (47 ft 1¾ in)
• Wingspan: 15.85 m (52 ft 0 in)
• Height: 5.32 m (17 ft 5½ in)
• Wing area: 25.2 m² (271 ft²)
• Airfoil: NACA 63A418 at root, NACA 63A412 at tip
• Empty weight: 4,360 kg (9,613 lb)
• Loaded weight: kg (lb)
• Useful load: kg (kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 6,950 kg (15,332 lb)
• Powerplant: 2× Garrett TPE331-10UG turboprop, 701 kW (940 shp) each

The distance AB is the wing span of this Aer Lingus Airbus A320. ... For the kite, see foil kite. ... In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft can achieve flight. ... A schematic diagram showing the operation of a turboprop engine. ...

Performance

• Never exceed speed: km/h (knots, mph)
• Maximum speed: 488 km/h (263 knots, 303 mph)
• Cruise speed: 426 km/h (230 knots, 264 mph)
• Stall speed: 159 km/h (86 knots, 99 mph)
• Range: 1,260 km (680 nm, 783 mi)
• Service ceiling 7620 m (25,000 ft)
• Rate of climb: 10.6 m/s (2080 ft/min)
• Wing loading: 276 kg/m² (56.6 lb/ft²)
• Power/mass: 0.201 kW/kg (0.123 hp/lb)

V speeds are speeds that define certain performance and limiting characteristics of an aircraft. ... V speeds are speeds that define certain performance and limiting characteristics of an aircraft. ... V speeds are speeds that define certain performance and limiting characteristics of an aircraft. ... Stall speed is an aerodynamic term. ... The maximal total range is the distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft, or cross-country speed and environmental conditions in unpowered aircraft. ... In aeronautics, a ceiling is the maximum density altitude an aircraft can reach under a set of conditons The service ceiling attempts to capture the maximum usable altitude of an aircraft. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... In aerodynamics, wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing. ... Power-to-weight ratio is a measure commonly used when comparing various vehicles (or engines), including automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Jackson, A J (1973). British Civil Aircraft Since 1919, Volume 2, Second edition, Putnam. ISBN 0 370 10010 7. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Taylor, JWR (Editor) (1988). Jane's All the World's Aircraft, 1988-1989. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0 7106-0867-5. 
3. ^ Flight International, 3-9 October 2006

Flight International (or Flight) is a leading global aerospace weekly. ...

See also

Related development

• BAe Jetstream 41
  

Comparable aircraft The Jetstream 41 is a turboprop-powered feederliner and regional airliner, designed by British Aerospace as a stretched version of the popular Handley Page Jetstream. ...

• Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante
• Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner
• Embraer/FMA CBA 123 Vector
  

Related lists EMB 110 Bandeirante The Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante (Portuguese: Scout) is a general purpose 15-21 passenger twin-turboprop light transport aircraft suitable for military and civil duties. ... The Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner or the Fairchild Aerospace Metro is a 19-seat, pressurised, twin turboprop airliner first produced by Swearingen and later by Fairchild. ... Embraer/FMA CBA 123 Vector The Embraer/FMA CBA 123 Vector is a 1990 Turboprop aircraft designed for regional flights, carrying up to 19 passengers. ...

• List of civil aircraft
• List of active United Kingdom military aircraft