Hangzhou (help· info) (Chinese: 杭州; pinyin: Hángzhōu; Postal map spelling: Hangchow) is a sub-provincial city located in the Yangtze River Delta in the People's Republic of China, and the capital of Zhejiang province. Located 180 kilometres (112 mi) southwest of Shanghai, as of 2004 the entire Hangzhou Region ("shì", 杭州市) or Prefecture-level city had a registered population of 6.5 million people.^[1] The urban agglomeration of the Hangzhou metropolitan area (杭州市区) has a resident population of 3,931,900 as of 2003, of which 2,636,700 are legal residents, of which there are 1,910,000 residents in the urban core six districts. A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... The stadium, as seen from nearby Geling Hill. ... Image File history File links ChinaZhejiangHangzhou. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng (省 shÄ›ng), which is an administrative division of China. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Certain regions of eastern Asia, including Greater China, observe a time zone eight hours ahead of UTC (UTC+8), and currently do not observe daylight saving time. ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... The Postal code for the Peoples Republic of China is under a numeric 6-digit system for the whole country. ... GDP is an acronym which can stand for more than one thing: (in economics) an abbreviation for Gross Domestic Product. ... CNY and RMB redirect here. ... Blue PRC licence plates of the 1992 standard (August 2004 image). ... Binomial name Osmanthus fragrans Lour. ... Binomial name Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Sieb. ... Image File history File links Zh-Hangzhou. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Chinese Postal Map Romanization (Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音; Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì PÄ«nyÄ«n) refers to the system of romanization for Chinese place names which came into use in the late Qing dynasty and was officially sanctioned by the Imperial Postal Joint-Session Conference (帝國郵電聯席會議), which was held in Shanghai in the... A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... Yangtze River Delta The Yangtze River Delta (Chinese 长江三角洲/長江三角洲 chángjiāng sānjiÇŽozhōu) or Yangtze Delta, generally comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Shanghai, southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... For other province-level divisions, see Political divisions of China. ... For other uses, see Shanghai (disambiguation). ... A prefecture-level city (地级市 Pinyin: dìjí shì, literally region-level city) or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in Chinas administrative structure. ... In the study of human settlements, an agglomeration is an extended city or town area comprising the built-up area of a central place (usually a municipality) and any suburbs or adjacent satellite towns. ...

As one of the most renowned and prosperous cities of China for much of the last 1,000 years, Hangzhou is also well-known for its beautiful natural scenery, with the West Lake (Xī Hú, 西湖) as the most noteworthy location. The West Lake West Lake (Chinese: ; pinyin: XÄ« Hú) is a famous fresh water lake located in central Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province of eastern China. ...

Divisions

Hangzhou Region or prefecture-level city contains the Hangzhou metropolitan area (eight districts), 3 metropolitan counties, and 2 ordinary counties. The central six urban districts occupy 682 km² (263.4 mi²) and have 1,910,000 people. The two suburban districts occupy 2,642 km² (1020 mi²) and have 1,950,000 people.

• Gongshu District (拱墅区)
• Shangcheng District (上城区)
• Xiacheng District (下城区)
• Jianggan District (江干区)
• Xihu District (西湖区)
• Binjiang District (滨江区)
• Yuhang District (余杭区)
• Xiaoshan District (萧山区)
• Lin'an (临安市)
• Fuyang (富阳市)
• Jiande (建德市)
• Tonglu County (桐庐县)
• Chun'an County (淳安县)

Gongshu (拱墅) is a district of Hangzhou, China. ... Fuyang (Chinese 富阳, pinyin fù yáng, a county-level city under jurisdiction of Hangzhou, the provincial capital of Zhejiang province. ...

History

Early history

The celebrated Neolithic culture of Hemudu has been discovered to have inhabited in Yuyao, an area (now a city) a hundred kilometers east of the City of Hangzhou, as far back as seven thousand years ago, when rice was first cultivated in southeastern China. An array of Neolithic artifacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools. ... The Hemudu culture (河姆渡文化) was a Neolithic culture that fluorished just south of the Hangzhou Bay in Jiangnan in modern Yuyao, Zhejiang, China. ... Yuyao (simplified Chinese: 余姚; pinyin: Yúyáo) is a city in Zhejiang province, China, capital of Yuyao district, Ningbo. ... For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ...

The city of Hangzhou was founded about 2,200 years ago during the Qin Dynasty, it is listed as one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China, but the city wall was not constructed until the Sui Dynasty (591). Qin Dynasty in 210 BC Capital Xianyang Language(s) Chinese Government Monarchy History  - Unification of China 221 BC  - Death of Qin Shi Huangdi 210 BC  - Surrender to Liu Bang 206 BC The Qin Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chin Chao) (221 BC - 206 BC) was preceded by the... The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhōngguó Sì Dà GÇ”dÅ«) traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Xian. ... Qing dynasty wall of Xian, showing elaborate wall towers Chinese city walls (Chinese: ; pinyin: chéngqiáng; literally city wall) refer to civic defensive systems used to protect towns and cities in China in pre-modern times. ... The Sui Dynasty of China amongst the Asian, African, and European spheres of the world, 600 AD. The Sui Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; 581-618 AD[1]) followed the Southern and Northern Dynasties and preceded the Tang Dynasty in China. ... Events Ethelbert of Kent elected Bretwalda after Ceawlin of Wessex, the former Bretwalda, is deposed. ...

It was the capital of the Wuyue Kingdom from 907 to 978 during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. Named Xifu at the time, it was one of the three great centers of culture in southern China during the tenth century, along with Nanjing and Chengdu. Leaders of Wuyue were noted patrons of the arts, and especially of Buddhism and associated temple architecture and artwork. It also became a cosmopolitan center, drawing scholars from throughout China and conducting diplomacy not only with neighboring Chinese states, but also with Japan, Korea, and the Khitan Liao Dynasty. Temple to the Qian King in Hangzhou, one of many shrines to the kings of Wuyue which still exist in its former territory. ... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... Events Badìa Fiorentina, an abbey in Italy, is founded by Willa, Margravine of Tuscany. ... ( 9th century - 10th century - 11th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 10th century was that century which lasted from 901 to 1000. ... For other uses, see Nanjing (disambiguation). ... Not to be confused with Chengde. ... Buddhism is a variety of teachings, sometimes described as a religion[1] or way of life that attempts to identify the causes of human suffering and offer various ways that are claimed to end, or ease suffering. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ... Khitan may refer to: Khitan people Khitan language Khitan script Category: ... The Liao Dynasty (Traditional Chinese: , Simplified Chinese: , pinyin: Liáo Cháo), 907-1125, also known as the Khitan Empire, was an empire in northern China that ruled over the regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, and parts of northern China proper. ...

In 1089, Su Shi constructed a 2.8 km long dike across the West Lake, which Qing Emperor Qianlong considered particularly attractive in the early morning of the spring time. The lake was once a lagoon tens of thousands of years ago. Silt then blocked the way to the sea and the lake was formed. A drill in the lake-bed in 1975 found the sediment of the sea, which confirmed its origin. Artificial preservation prevented the lake from evolving into a marshland. The Su Dike built by Su Shi, and the Bai Dike built by Bai Juyi, a famous Tang Dynasty poet who was once the governor of Hangzhou, are both built out of mud cleaned from the bottom of the lake. The lake is surrounded by hills on the northern and western sides. The Baochu Pagoda sits on the Baoshi Hill to the north of the lake. Events Northumbria divided by the Normans into the counties of Northumberland, County Durham, Yorkshire, Westmorland and Lancashire August 11, powerful Britain Coronation of Rama Varma Kulasekhara in Kerala Synod of Melfi under Pope Urban II imposes slavery on the wives of priests Palmyra destroyed by earthquake Byzantine conquest of Crete... Su Shi (蘇軾) (1037-1101) was a writer, poet, artist, calligrapher and statesman of the Song Dynasty, one of the major poets of the Song era. ... The West Lake West Lake (Chinese: ; pinyin: XÄ« Hú) is a famous fresh water lake located in central Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province of eastern China. ... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Qing China at its greatest extent. ... The Qianlong Emperor (September 25, 1711–February 7, 1799) was the fifth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China. ... Su Shi (蘇軾) (1037-1101) was a writer, poet, artist, calligrapher and statesman of the Song Dynasty, one of the major poets of the Song era. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Bai. ... Baochu Pagoda Baochu Pagoda (Chinese: 保俶塔, pinyin: bÇŽochùtÇŽ) is known as the Landmark of West Lake in Hangzhou, China. ...

Southern Song

The Liuhe Pagoda of Hangzhou, built in 1165 during the Song Dynasty.

Hangzhou was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty from the early 12th century until the Mongol invasion of 1276, and was known as Lin'an (臨安). It served as the seat of the imperial government, a center of trade and entertainment, and the nexus of the main branches of the civil service. During that time, the city was a sort of gravitational center of Chinese civilization: what used to be considered "central China" in the north was taken by the Jin, an ethnic minority dynasty ruled by Jurchens. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 790 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 790 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Liuhe Pagoda (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Liùhé TÇŽ), literally Six Harmonies Pagoda or Six Harmonies Tower, is multi-storied pagoda in southern Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. ... For other uses, see Liu Song Dynasty. ... Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Expansion of the Mongol Empire Historical map of the Mongol Empire (1300~1405), the gray area is Timurid dynasty. ... The Roman civil service in action. ... The Jin Dynasty (金 pinyin: JÄ«n 1115-1234; Anchu in Jurchen), also known as the Jurchen dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan (完顏 Wányán) clan of the Jurchen, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later. ... The Jurchens (Traditional Chinese: 女眞; Simplified Chinese: 女真; pinyin: nÇšzhÄ“n) were a Tungus people who inhabited parts of Manchuria and northern Korea until the 17th century, when they became the Manchus. ...

Numerous philosophers, politicians, and men of literature, including some of the most celebrated poets in Chinese history such as Su Shi (苏轼), Lu You (陆游), and Xin Qiji (辛弃疾) came here to live and die. Hangzhou is also the birthplace and final resting place of the famed scientist Shen Kuo (1031-1095 AD), his tomb being located in the Yuhang district. Su Shi (蘇軾) (1037-1101) was a writer, poet, artist, calligrapher and statesman of the Song Dynasty, one of the major poets of the Song era. ... Lu You (陆游 or 陸遊)(1125- 1210) was a Chinese poet of the southern Song dynasty. ... Xin Qiji (辛棄疾, Xīn Qìjí) (1140 - 1207) was a Chinese poet during the Southern Song dynasty. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Shen Shen Kuo or Shen Kua (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) (1031–1095) was a polymathic Chinese scientist and statesman of the Song Dynasty (960–1279). ... Events Collapse of the Moorish Caliphate of Córdoba. ... Events The country of Portugal is established for the second time. ... yuhang ...

During the Southern Song Dynasty, commercial expansion, an influx of refugees from the conquered north, and the growth of the official and military establishments, led to a corresponding population increase and the city developed well outside its 9th century ramparts. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, Hangzhou had a population of over 2 million at that time, while historian Jacques Gernet has estimated that the population of Hangzhou numbered well over one million by 1276. (Official Chinese census figures from the year 1270 listed some 186,330 families in residence and probably failed to count non-residents and soldiers.) It is believed that Hangzhou was the largest city in the world from 1180 to 1315 and from 1348 to 1358.^[2] The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ...

Lakeside Buildings on the West Lake.

Because of the large population and densely-crowded (often multi-story) wooden buildings, Hangzhou was particularly vulnerable to fires. Major conflagrations destroyed large sections of the city in 1132, 1137, 1208, 1229, 1237, and 1275 while smaller fires occurred nearly every year. The 1237 fire alone was recorded to have destroyed 30,000 dwellings. To combat this threat, the government established an elaborate system for fighting fires, erected watchtowers, devised a system of lantern and flag signals to identify the source of the flames and direct the response, and charged more than 3,000 soldiers with the task of putting out fires. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 215 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Hangzhou Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 215 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Hangzhou Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Events Diarmaid Mac Murrough has the abbey of Kildare in Ireland burned and the abbess raped. ... // Groups BL1137 is the (now defunct) Unix group at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, NJ where Unix and C were invented. ... January 31 - Inferior Swedish forces defeats the invading danes in Battle of Lena. ... Events February 18 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. ... // Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... // April 22 - The first of the Statutes of Westminster are passed by the English parliament, establishing a series of laws in its 51 clauses, including equal treatment of rich and poor, free and fair elections, and definition of bailable and non-bailable offenses. ...

The city of Hangzhou was besieged and captured by the advancing Mongol armies of Kublai Khan in 1276, three years before the final collapse of the empire.^[3] The capital of the new Yuan Dynasty was established in the city of Khanbaliq (Beijing). Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... For other uses, see Kublai Khan (disambiguation). ... Capital Dadu Language(s) Mongolian Chinese Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1260-1294 Kublai Khan  - 1333-1370 (Cont. ... Khanbaliq or Cambuluc (great residence of the Khan) is the ancient Mongol name[1] for the city at the present location of Beijing, the current capital of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Peking redirects here. ...

The Venetian Marco Polo visited Hangzhou in the late 13th century and referred to the city as "beyond dispute the finest and the noblest in the world." He called the city Kinsay which simply means "capital" in Chinese (actually Polo used a Persianized version of the word). Although he exaggerated that the city was over one hundred miles in diameter and had 12,000 stone bridges, he still presented elegant prose about the country: "The number and wealth of the merchants, and the amount of goods that passed through their hands, was so enormous that no man could form a just estimate thereof." For other uses, see Venice (disambiguation). ... Marco Polo (September 15, 1254[1] – January 9, 1324 at earliest but no later than June 1325[2]) was a Venetian trader and explorer who gained fame for his worldwide travels, recorded in the book Il Milione (The Million or The Travels of Marco Polo). ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ...

The renowned 13th century Moroccan explorer Ibn Battuta said it was "the biggest city I have ever seen on the face of the earth." The Kingdom of Morocco is a country in northwest Africa. ... It has been suggested that Travelling route of Ibn Batuta be merged into this article or section. ...

Buddhist carvings in Feilai Feng Caves in Lingyin Temple.

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2288x1520, 734 KB) Buddha carvings in Feilai Feng (The Peak that Flew from Afar) Caves (Hangzhou, China) Author: Miguel A. Monjas Date: 07/26, 2005 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2288x1520, 734 KB) Buddha carvings in Feilai Feng (The Peak that Flew from Afar) Caves (Hangzhou, China) Author: Miguel A. Monjas Date: 07/26, 2005 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other... Living quarters of the Lingyin monastery. ...

Ming and after

The city remained an important port until the middle of the Ming Dynasty era when its harbor slowly silted up. For other uses, see Ming. ... For other uses, see Silt (disambiguation). ...

As late as the latter part of the 16th and early 17th centuries, the city was an important center of Chinese Jewry, and may have been the original home of the more well-known Kaifeng Jewish community. Jews and Judaism in China have had a long history. ... The Kaifeng Jews comprise the best documented Jewish community in China. ...

Hangzhou was ruled by Republic of China government under the Kuomintang from 1928 to 1949. On May 3, 1949, the People's Liberation Army entered Hangzhou and the city came under Communist control. After Deng Xiaoping's reformist policies began in 1978, Hangzhou took advantage of being situated in the Yangtze River Delta to bolster its development. It is now one of China's most prosperous major cities. For the Chinese civilization, see China. ... The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China (ROC), now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of seats in the Legislative Yuan, and the oldest political party in the... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Peoples Liberation Army redirects here. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Yangtze River Delta The Yangtze River Delta (Chinese 长江三角洲/長江三角洲 chángjiāng sānjiǎozhōu) or Yangtze Delta, generally comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Shanghai, southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province. ...

Geography and climate

Hangzhou is located in northern Zhejiang province, eastern China, at the southern end of the Grand Canal of China, on the plain of the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River (Cháng Jiāng). The prefecture-level region of Hangzhou extends west to the border with the hilly-country Anhui Province, and east to the flat-land near Hangzhou Bay. The city center is built around the eastern and northern sides of the West Lake, just north of the Qiantang River. Grand Canal of China The Grand Canal of China (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), also known as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the longest ancient canal or artificial river in the world. ... The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), or Drichu in Tibetan (Tibetan: འབ; Wylie: bri chu) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa, and the Amazon in South America. ... The Hangzhou Bay is an inlet of the East China Sea, bordered by the province of Zhejiang and the municipality of Shanghai. ... -1...

Hangzhou's climate is Humid Subtropical with four distinctive seasons. The average annual temperature in Hangzhou is 16.2°C (61.2°F). The summers are hot and humid, while winters are relatively cool and dry. In July, the hottest month, the average temperature is approximately 33.8°C (92.8°F); in January the average temperature is about 3.6°C (38.5°F). Hangzhou receives an average annual rainfall of 1450 mm. In mid-summer, Hangzhou, along with other cities in Zhejiang province, suffer typhoon storms, but typhoons seldom strike it directly. Generally they make land along the southern coast of Zhejiang, and affect Hangzhou with strong winds and stormy rains.^[4] Humid subtropical climates are characterized by hot, humid summers and cool to mild winters. ... July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004. ...

Tourism

Hangzhou is renowned for its historic relics and natural beauty. It has been ranked as one of the ten most scenic cities in China.^[5] Although Hangzhou has been through many recent urban developments, it still retains its historical and cultural heritage. Today, tourism remains an important factor for Hangzhou's economy.^[6] One of Hangzhou's most popular sights is West Lake. The lake covers an area of 6 square kilometres and includes some of Hangzhou's most famous historic and scenic places. The area includes historical pagodas, cultural sites, as well as the natural beauty of the lake and hills.^[7] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The West Lake West Lake (Chinese: ; pinyin: Xī Hú) is a famous fresh water lake located in central Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province of eastern China. ...

The world's largest tidal bore races up the Qiantang River through Hangzhou reaching up to 40 ft in height. The tidal bore in Upper Cook Inlet, Alaska A tidal bore (or just bore, or eagre) is a tidal phenomenon in which the leading edge of the incoming tide forms a wave (or waves) of water that travel up a river or narrow bay against the direction of the current. ... -1...

Luohan Tang (Arhat Hall) at Hupaoquan in Hangzhou, China

• The oldest Buddhist temple in the city is believed to be Lingyin Si ("Soul's Retreat"), which, like most of the other landmarks in this city, has gone through numerous destruction and reconstruction cycles.
• Lingyin Temple which contains the Feilang Feng grottos
• Jingci Temple
• Liuhe Pagoda
• Baochu Pagoda
• Yue-Wang Temple (岳王庙, "King Yue's Temple") or Yue Fue Mu is near the West Lake and was originally constructed in 1221 in memory of General Yue Fei, who lost his life due to political persecution.
• Xixi National Wetland Park
• Hangzhou Botanical Garden
• Dreaming of the Tiger Spring
• Hangzhou Zoo
• Leifeng Pagoda
• Jade Springs (Yu Quan)
• Qiantang Tidal Bore (Sliver Dragon)

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 1666 KB) 位于虎跑泉的罗汉堂 Luohan Tang (Arhat Hall) at Hupaoquan (Spring of the Running Tiger) in Hangzhou, China. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 1666 KB) 位于虎跑泉的罗汉堂 Luohan Tang (Arhat Hall) at Hupaoquan (Spring of the Running Tiger) in Hangzhou, China. ... A Chinese Luohan statue from the Liao Dynasty in Hebei Province, China In the sramanic traditions of ancient India (most notably those of Mahavira and Gautama Buddha) arhat (Sanskrit) or arahant (Pali) signified a spiritual practitioner who had—to use an expression common in the tipitaka—laid down the burden... The Buddhist temple Wat Chiang Man, in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which dates from the late 13th century Buddhist temples and monasteries, sorted by location. ... Lingyin Si (Chinese: 靈隐寺; Pinyin: Língyǐnsì), commonly translated as Temple of the Souls Retreat is one of the largest and wealthiest Buddhist temples in China. ... Living quarters of the Lingyin monastery. ... Liuhe Pagoda (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Liùhé Tǎ), literally Six Harmonies Pagoda or Six Harmonies Tower, is multi-storied pagoda in southern Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. ... Baochu Pagoda Baochu Pagoda (Chinese: 保俶塔, pinyin: bǎochùtǎ) is known as the Landmark of West Lake in Hangzhou, China. ... // Events May 13 - End of the reign of Emperor Juntoku, emperor of Japan Emperor Chūkyō briefly reigns over Japan Former Emperor Go-Toba leads an unsuccessful rebellion against the Kamakura Shogunate Emperor Go-Horikawa ascends to the throne of Japan January - Mongol Army under Jochi captures the city of... Statue of Yue Fei, from the Yue Fei Mausoleum in Hangzhou. ... Xixi National Wetland Park is a wetland park located in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. ... The spring itself and its statues of tigers and a dreaming monk. ... Hangzhou Zoo (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a zoo in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. ... Leifeng Pagoda Leifeng Pagoda is a tower by the West Lake in Hangzhou which was originally constructed in the year 975AD. It has been a popular tourist attraction since being rebuilt in 2002. ...

Economy

Tea plantation in Hangzhou.

Hangzhou's industries have traditionally been textile, silk and machinery, but electronics and other light industries are developing, especially since the start of the new open economy in 1992. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 1731 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Hangzhou ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 1731 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Hangzhou ... For other uses, see Textile (disambiguation). ... For other uses of this word, see Silk (disambiguation). ... A machine is any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of tasks. ... Surface mount electronic components Electronics is the study of the flow of charge through various materials and devices such as semiconductors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, nano-structures and vacuum tubes. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ...

Toshiba has its only overseas production plant for laptop computers here. Toshiba Corporations headquarters (Center) in Hamamatsucho, Tokyo Toshiba Corporation sales by division for year ending March 31, 2005 Toshiba Corporation ) (TYO: 6502 ) is a Japanese multinational conglomerate manufacturing company, headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. ...

Wahaha, the nation's largest beverage company is headquartered in the city. Wa ha ha is a written expression of laughter in Chinese. ...

Alibaba, is an e-commerce/e-auction company based in the city. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Longjing tea is produced on the outskirts of town at Longjing (龙井) or Dragon Well. It is among the only remaining places where tea is still baked by hand and is said to produce one of the finest green teas in all of China, earning a spot in the China Famous Tea list. Longjing tea (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) is a famous variety of green tea from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China where it is produced mostly by hand and has been renowned for its high quality, earning the China Famous Tea title. ... Green tea (绿茶) is tea that has undergone minimal oxidation during processing. ... China Famous Tea refers to a finite list of Chinese tea, thought different sources will cite slightly different teas, this is a list from Chinese Tea Culture Research Centre of the 10 famous teas. ...

The GDP per capita was ¥61,313 (ca. US$8,063), ranked no. 8 among 659 Chinese cities. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a calculation method in national accounting (see Measures of national income and output) is defined as the total value of final goods and services produced within a countrys borders in a year, regardless of ownership. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The 2005 overall rank of Hangzhou among all the Chinese cities is No.5. In 2004, 2005, 2006 Forbes magazine ranked Hangzhou the number 1 city in China for business.^[8] For other uses, see Forbes (disambiguation). ...

Culture

The native residents of Hangzhou, like those of Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu, speak a Wu dialect. However, the Wu dialect varies throughout the area where it is spoken, hence, Hangzhou's dialect differs from regions in southern Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu. In addition, Putonghua (Mandarin) is also spoken. Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...   (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal map spelling: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... Wu (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is one of the major divisions of the Chinese language. ...   (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal map spelling: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... Standard Mandarin refers to the official Chinese spoken language used by the Peoples Republic of China, the Republic of China on Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore. ...

Tea is an important part of Hangzhou's economy and culture. Hangzhou is best known for originating Longjing, a famous variety of green tea. Furthermore, there are many types of Longjing tea, the most famous being Xi Hu Long Jing. Known as the best type of Long Jing tea, Xi Hu Long Jing is grown near Xi Hu in Hangzhou, hence its name.^[9] Longjing tea (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) is a famous variety of green tea from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China where it is produced mostly by hand and has been renowned for its high quality, earning the China Famous Tea title. ... Green tea (绿茶) is tea that has undergone minimal oxidation during processing. ... West Lake West Lake (Chinese: ; pinyin: XÄ« Hú) is a famous fresh water lake located in central Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province of eastern China. ...

Further, Hangzhou is known for its artistic creations, such as silk, umbrellas, and Chinese hand-held folding fans. For other uses of this word, see Silk (disambiguation). ... An umbrella or parasol (sometimes colloquially, gamp, brolly, or bumbershoot) is a canopy designed to protect against precipitation or sunlight. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ...

Transportation

Bars and Shops alongside the street of Hangzhou.

Hangzhou is serviced by the Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport, which has direct flights to Japan, Thailand, Korea, and Singapore, regional routes to Hong Kong and Macau, as well as numerous domestic routes. Located just outside of the city in the Xiaoshan district, it is one of the major secondary international airports in China. A convenient route to Hangzhou for foreign visitors is to first fly into Shanghai's Pudong airport, and then take bus to Hangzhou using the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway (沪杭甬高速公路). Driving time from the airport to Shanghai is about 2.5 hrs (about 85 RMB one way), Suzhou is about 1.5 hrs, Wuxi is about 2 hrs, Ningbo is about 1.5 hrs and Wenzhou is about 3.5 hrs. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1506 KB) 位于西湖旁边的带有中西两种风格融合的商铺。 Shizhao 2005年于杭州 File links The following pages link to this file: Hangzhou ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1506 KB) 位于西湖旁边的带有中西两种风格融合的商铺。 Shizhao 2005年于杭州 File links The following pages link to this file: Hangzhou ... Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport (IATA: HGH, ICAO: ZSHC) (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the principal airport serving Hangzhou, a major city in the Yangtze River Delta region and the provincial capital of Zhejiang. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ...

Airport buses leave for Wulin Men (downtown Hangzhou) (15 RMB one way) and Xiaoshan (also 15 RMB one way) every 15-30 minutes. There are also airport buses to prefectures further away near Hangzhou such as Yiwu (30 RMB one way).

Hangzhou Railway Station (colloquially the "City Station" 城站) and the significantly less modern Hangzhou East Railway Station (colloquially "East Station" 东站) serve the city centre, from which one can catch a train to Shanghai and almost anywhere in China. There are many trains going to or passing Hangzhou from Shanghai. Since 2006, it only takes 1h18 from Shanghai South Railway Station to Hangzhou, and costs around 50 RMB.

Trains leaving Hangzhou reach more than 20 cities directly, including Beijing (北京) (1650 km), Shanghai (上海) (200 km), and Xi'an (西安) (1550 km).

Train tickets can be purchased at the Wulinmen Ticket Office (No. 199, Wulin Road) or Huansha Road Ticket Office (No. 147, Huansha Road).

A Shanghai-Hangzhou Maglev Train Line has been proposed. North, east, south and west long-distance bus stations offer regular large and small coach services to towns within Zhejiang province and surrounding provinces. Shanghai-Hangzhou Maglev Train is a proposed maglev train line from Shanghai to Hangzhou, in eastern China. ... Autobus redirects here. ...

Transrapid has now been contracted to construct an extension of the existing Long Yang Road - Pudong International Airport Maglev line. This would be the first inter-city maglev line in the world; it is now undergoing environmental assessment. Transrapid at the Emsland test facility Transrapid is a German monorail system using magnetic levitation. ... Shanghai Maglev Train Maglev train stopping at terminus Longyang Road station Inside the Shanghai Transrapid maglev Inside the Shanghai Transrapid maglev VIP section Shanghai Maglev Train (Shanghai Transrapid) (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; literally Shanghai Magnetic Levitation Demonstration Operation Line) is the first commercial high-speed maglev line in the world. ...

Public transport within Hangzhou city is primarily in the form of an extensive public (trolley) bus network. As the city area is so flat, bicycles were traditionally very popular and are still popular with the less well-off residents, though many now use electric bicycles and scooter (Motor cycle)s. Taxis are also very common. With its line of the newest Hyundai Elantras and Volkswagen Passats, and tight regulations (compulsory A/C, handicap service, lake-blue appearance etc.), the city's taxi service is rated amongst the top in the country. The construction of a subway system had long been planned, and recently received approval from the central government. The completion of the first two lines is expected in 2010. A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus powered by two overhead wires, from which it draws electricity using two trolley poles. ... For other uses, see Bicycle (disambiguation). ... For specific countries see Taxicabs around the world. ... The Hyundai Elantra (sold in South Korea as the Avante) is a compact car from Hyundai of South Korea launched in 1991. ... The Volkswagen Passat is a family car built by Volkswagen AG (VW), produced in various forms since 1973. ... Hangzhou Metro (Chinese: 杭州地鐵) is a metro system currently under construction to serve the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang and its suburbs. ...

Colleges and universities

See also List of universities in the People's Republic of China

This article is a list of universities in the Peoples Republic of China by province (22), autonomous region (5), municipality (4), and special administrative region (2). ...

National

• Zhejiang University (浙江大学) (founded in 1897)
• China Academy of Art (中国美术学院) (founded in 1928)

Zhejiang University (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in China. ... China Academy of Art is an art school in mainland China. ...

Public

• Zhejiang University of Technology (浙江工业大学) (1953~)
• Zhejiang Gongshang University (浙江工商大学)
• Hangzhou Dianzi University (杭州电子科技大学)
• Zhejiang Sci-Tech University (浙江理工大学)
• Zhejiang University of Science and Technology (浙江科技学院)
• Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (浙江中医药大学)
• China Jiliang University (中国计量学院)
• Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics (浙江财经学院)
• Hangzhou Normal University (杭州师范大学)
• Zhejiang University of Media and Communications (浙江传媒学院)

Zhejiang University of Technology Zhejiang University of Technology (Chinese: 浙江工业大学 pinyin: Zhèjiāng Gōngyè Dàxúe) is a university which is located in city Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... About HDU Located in the historical city of Hangzhou, China, Hangzhou Dianzi University(杭州电子科技大学|杭州電子科技大學)is an institution of higher learning that offers multiple disciplines of engineering, science, economics, management, literature, law and education. ...

Private

• Zhejiang Shuren University (浙江树人大学)
• Zhejiang University City College (浙江大学城市学院)

Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.

Chinese sayings

A typical Chinese garden's window decoration in Hangzhou

"Be born in Suzhou, live in Hangzhou, eat in Guangzhou, die in Liuzhou." (生在苏州, 活在杭州, 吃在广州, 死在柳州)

"Above is Heaven, Below are Suzhou and Hangzhou." (上有天堂，下有苏杭)

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 1801 KB) 从一扇窗户望出去看到的景色好像一副中国画，这是在中国的园林设计中常用的方法。 Shizhao2005年于杭州虎跑泉 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Hangzhou Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 1801 KB) 从一扇窗户望出去看到的景色好像一副中国画，这是在中国的园林设计中常用的方法。 Shizhao2005年于杭州虎跑泉 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Hangzhou Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... This article is about the city in Jiangsu. ... CITIC Plaza Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin:  ; jyutping : Gwong²zau¹) is the capital and a sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province in the southern part of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Liuzhou (Chinese: 柳州; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Liuchow) is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, in southern China. ...

Sister cities

• Sayama, Japan, from 1979-02-21
• Boston, United States, from 1982-05-01
• Baguio, Philippines, from 1982-08-13
• Leeds, United Kingdom, from 1988-06-08
• Fukui, Japan, from 1989-11-23
• Yeosu, South Korea, from 1994-11-01
• Nice, France, from 1998-03-30
• Paramaribo, Suriname, from 1998-05-23
• Budapest, Hungary, from 1999-08-09
• Beit Shemesh, Israel, from 2000-03-12
• Agadir, Morocco, from 2000-06-29
• Curitiba, Brazil, from 2001-09-19
• Kazan, Russia, from 2003-10-16
• Cape Town, South Africa, from 2005-04-18
• Oviedo, Spain, from 2006-05-12

Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Sayama (狭山市; -shi), formerly known as Irumagawa, is a city located in Saitama, Japan. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Nickname: City on the Hill, Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe)1, Athens of America, The Cradle of Revolution, Puritan City, Americas Walking City Location in Massachusetts, USA Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas M. Menino(D) Area    - City 232. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Philippines. ... For other uses, see Baguio (disambiguation). ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 225th day of the year (226th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5). ... Leeds Coat Of Arms Map sources for Leeds at grid reference SE297338 Leeds is a city in the county of West Yorkshire, in the north of England. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... , Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Korea. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... This article is about the French city. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Suriname. ... Paramaribo (nicknamed Parbo) is the capital of Suriname, located in the Paramaribo district, with a population of roughly 250,000 people. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 143rd day of the year (144th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... For other uses, see Budapest (disambiguation). ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Hebrew Name Meaning House of the sun Government City Also Spelled Bet Shemesh (officially) District Jerusalem Population 68,400[1] (2006) Jurisdiction 50,500 dunams (50. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Morocco. ... Panorama of the seaside from the kasbah Agadir (Arabic: أكادير, Berber (Amazigh): ) is a city in southwest Morocco, capital of the Souss-Massa-Dra region. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Nickname: Motto: A cidade sorriso (The smiling city) Location of Curitiba Coordinates: , Country Brazil Region State Paraná Founded 29 March 1693 Incorporated 1842 Government  - Mayor Carlos Alberto Richa (PSDB) Area  - City 430. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... This article is about the capital city of Tatarstan. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Africa. ... Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1]  - Type City council  - Mayor Helen Zille  - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area [2]  - Total 2,454. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 132nd day of the year (133rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Jiangnan
• List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population

Village in Jiangnan Jiangnan or Jiang Nan (Chinese: ; Pinyin: Jiāngnán; Wade-Giles: Chiang nan; sometimes spelled Kiang-nan) is a geographic area referring to lands immediately to the south of the lowest reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of the Yangtze Delta. ... This list ranks cities in the Peoples Republic of China by population. ...

References

Cited references

is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... {| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

General references

• Gernet, Jacques (1962). Daily Life in China on the Eve of the Mongol Invasion, 1250-1276. Translation by H. M. Wright. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-0720-0

External links

• China Travel Guide - Hangzhou
• Hangzhou Government website
• Hangzhou City Guide
• Hangzhou travel guide from Wikitravel
• Satellite photo Google Maps