NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hard Bop

Hard bop is an extension of bebop (bop) music which incorporates influences from rhythm and blues, gospel music, and blues, especially in the saxophone and piano playing. Bebop or bop is a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody. ... Rhythm and blues (or R&B) was coined as a musical marketing term introduced in the United States in the late 1940s by Jerry Wexler at Billboard magazine, used to designate upbeat popular music performed by African American artists that combined jazz and blues. ... Gospel music may refer either to the religious music that first came out of African-American churches in the 1930s or, more loosely, to both black gospel music and to the religious music composed and sung by white southern Christian artists. ... The blues is a vocal and instrumental form of music based on a pentatonic scale and a characteristic twelve-bar chord progression. ... Saxophones of different sizes play in different registers. ... A grand piano A piano is a keyboard instrument, which is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment, and also as a convenient aid to composing and rehearsal. ...

Its tempo is often slower than bop's, and its bass playing more varied; it is in part intended to be more accessible to audiences unfamiliar with or not fond of bop. It also is, as David H. Rosenthal contends in his book Hard Bop, to a large degree the natural creation of a generation of black American musicians who grew up at a time when bop and rhythm and blues were the dominant forms of black American music and jazz musicians as prominent as Tadd Dameron worked in both genres. In musical terminology, tempo (Italian for time) is the speed or pace of a given piece. ... David H. Rosenthal is an American author, poet, editor, and translator. ... Rhythm and blues (or R&B) was coined as a musical marketing term introduced in the United States in the late 1940s by Jerry Wexler at Billboard magazine, used to designate upbeat popular music performed by African American artists that combined jazz and blues. ... Tadley Ewing Peake (Tadd) Dameron (February 21, 1917 – March 8, 1965) was an American jazz pianist, arranger, and composer. ...

Hard bop musicians include Cannonball Adderley, Art Blakey, Clifford Brown, Donald Byrd, Sonny Clark, John Coltrane, Lou Donaldson, Miles Davis, Kenny Drew, Benny Golson, Dexter Gordon, Joe Henderson, Andrew Hill, Freddie Hubbard, Jackie McLean, Charles Mingus, Blue Mitchell, Hank Mobley, Thelonious Monk, Lee Morgan, Sonny Rollins, and Horace Silver. Julian Edwin Cannonball Adderley (September 15, 1928 - August 8, 1975), originally from Tampa, Florida was a jazz saxophonist of the small combo era of the 1950s and 1960s. ... Arthur (Art) Blakey, also known as Abdullah Ibn Buhaina, ( October 11, 1919 - October 16, 1990) was an American jazz drummer and bandleader. ... Clifford Brown: Memorial Album on Blue Note Records. ... Donaldson Toussaint LOuverture Byrd II (born December 9, 1932) is an American jazz and rhythm and blues trumpeter, born in Detroit, Michigan. ... Born in Herminie, Pennsylvania, Conrad Yeatis (Sonny) Clark (July 21, 1931- January 13, 1963) was an American hard bop pianist. ... John Coltrane John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 â€“ July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. ... Lou Donaldson (born 1926) is a jazz alto saxophonist. ... Davis 1959 album Kind of Blue, likely the best-selling jazz album ever. ... Kenneth Sidney (Kenny) Drew (August 28, 1928 - August 4, 1993) was an American jazz pianist from New York City. ... Benny Golson (born January 25, 1929) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist, composer, and arranger. ... Dexter Gordon Dexter Gordon (February 27, 1923 - April 25, 1990) was an American tenor saxophone musician. ... Joe Henderson (April 24, 1937 - June 30, 2001) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. ... Andrew Hill (born June 30, 1937) is an American jazz pianist and composer. ... Frederick Dewayne Hubbard (born April 7, 1938, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA) is an American jazz trumpeter. ... John Lenwood (Jackie) McLean (born May 17, 1932) is an American jazz alto saxophonist and educator, born in New York City. ... Charles Mingus (April 22, 1922 â€“ January 5, 1979), also known as Charlie Mingus, was an American jazz bassist, composer, bandleader, and occasional pianist. ... Richard Allen (Blue) Mitchell (March 13, 1930 – May 21, 1979) was an American jazz, rhythm and blues, soul, rock, and funk trumpeter. ... Henry (Hank) Mobley (July 7, 1930 â€“ May 30, 1986) was an American hard bop and soul jazz tenor saxophonist. ... Thelonious Monk, as featured on the cover of his 1956 album, Brilliant Corners (1958 reissue cover shown) Thelonious Sphere Monk (October 10, 1917 â€“ February 17, 1982) was a jazz pianist and composer. ... Lee Morgan Lee Morgan (born July 10, 1938 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-died February 19, 1972 in New York City) was a hard bop trumpeter. ... An early Rollins picture graces the cover of Volume One Theodore Walter (Sonny) Rollins (born September 7, 1930 in New York City) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist. ... Horace Ward Martin Tavares Silver (born September 2, 1928 in Norwalk, CT) is a famous jazz pianist and composer. ...

Hard bop was developed in the 1950s and 1960s and enjoyed its greatest popularity in that era, but hard bop performers, and elements of the music, remain popular in jazz. // Events and No. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...

Soul jazz developed from hard bop. Soul jazz was a development of hard bop which incorporated strong blues and gospel influences in music for small groups featuring keyboards, especially the Hammond organ. ...

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An early Rollins picture graces the cover of Volume One Theodore Walter (Sonny) Rollins (born September 7, 1930 in New York City) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist. ... John Coltrane John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 â€“ July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. ...

Other hard bop musicians

Eric Alexander (born 1968) is an American jazz saxophonist, known for his sophisticated hard bop and post-bop style. ... Carl Allen (born 1961) is an American jazz drummer. ... Gary Bartz (born in 1940) is an American alto and soprano saxophonist. ... Walter Bishop, Jr. ... Harold Floyd (Tina) Brooks (1932–1974) was an American hard bop tenor saxophonist. ... Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers, Jr. ... Thomas Clausen (born in 1949) is a Danish jazz pianist. ... Bob Cranshaw (born in 1932) is an American jazz bassist. ... Steve Davis (born in 1967) is an American jazz trombonist who plays hard bop, post-bop, and standards. ... Walter Davis, Jr. ... McKinley Howard (Kenny) Dorham (August 30, 1924 - December 5, 1972) was an American jazz trumpeter, singer, and composer. ... Raymond Allen Draper (1940â€“1982) was an American hard bop tuba player. ... Kenneth Sidney (Kenny) Drew (August 28, 1928 - August 4, 1993) was an American jazz pianist from New York City. ... Curtis Fuller (born in Detroit, December 15, 1934) is an American jazz trombonist. ... Hotep Idris Galeta (born in 1941) is a South African jazz pianist and educator. ... William Red Garland (1923â€“1984) was an American jazz pianist whose complex block-chord style influenced many forthcoming pianists in the jazz idiom. ... Jimmy Garrison (March 3, 1934(33?) â€“ April 7, 1976) was an American jazz double bassist best known for his long association with John Coltrane from 1961 â€“ 1967. ... Grant Green Grant Green (June 6, 1935, St. ... John Arnold Griffin III (born in 1928) is an American bop and hard bop tenor saxophonist. ... Herbie Hancock Herbert Jeffrey Hancock (born April 12, 1940) is a jazz pianist and composer from Chicago, Illinois, USA. Hancock is one of jazz musics most important and influential pianists and composers. ... William Franklin Hardman, Jr. ... Roy Owen Haynes (born Boston, Massachusetts, March 13, 1925) is one of the most recorded drummers in jazz. ... Billy Higgins (October 11, 1936–May 3, 2001) was an American jazz drummer. ... Elmo Sylvester Hope (1923–1967) was an American jazz pianist, performing chiefly in the bop and hard bop genres. ... Bobby Hutcherson (born January 27, 1941 in Los Angeles) is a jazz vibraphone and marimba player. ... Clifford Jarvis (1941–1999) was an American hard bop and free jazz drummer. ... LaMont Johnson (born in 1941) is an American jazz pianist who has played in the hard bop and post-bop genres. ... Joseph Rudolph (Philly Joe) Jones (July 15, 1923 â€“ August 30, 1985) was an American jazz drummer. ... Peter Sims (born in 1938) is an American jazz drummer who performed for much of his career under the name Pete La Roca. ... Harold de Vance Land (1928â€“2001) was an American hard bop and post-bop tenor saxophonist. ... Herbie Lewis (born in 1941) is an American hard bop bassist. ... Henry (Hank) Mobley (July 7, 1930 â€“ May 30, 1986) was an American hard bop and soul jazz tenor saxophonist. ... Lewis Nash (born in 1958) is an American jazz drummer who has played in the hard bop and post-bop genres. ... Art Phipps is a jazz bassist. ... Alphonso Son Dizzy Reece is a hard bop jazz trumpeter with a distinctive sound and compositional style. ... Larry Ridley (born in 1937) is an American jazz bassist and music educator. ... Larry Ritchie is a jazz drummer and record/CD producer. ... Peter Sims (born in 1938) is an American jazz drummer who performed for much of his career under the name Pete La Roca. ... Arthur S. Taylor, Jr. ... Charles Tolliver is an American jazz trumpeter and composer. ... Stanley William Turrentine (1934 – 2000) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. ... Thomas Walter Turrentine, Jr. ... Malcolm Earl Waldron (August 16, 1926 - December 2, 2002) was an American jazz and world music pianist and composer. ... Cedar Anthony Walton, Junior (born in 1934) is an American hard bop pianist. ... Wilbur Ware (September 8, 1923 - September 9, 1979) was a jazz bassist known for his hard bop percussive style. ... Butch Warren (born in 1939) is an American jazz bassist who plays in the hard bop genre. ... Douglas Watkins (1934 – 1962) was an American hard bop bassist. ... Tony Williams (December 12, 1945 - February 23, 1997) was an American jazz drummer. ... Lawrence Elliott Willis (born in 1940) is an American jazz pianist and composer. ...

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Categories: Jazz genres | Bebop Jazz is an original American musical art form originating around the early 1920s in New Orleans, rooted in Western music technique and theory, and is marked by the profound cultural contributions of African Americans. ... Acid jazz Avant-jazz Bebop Dixieland Calypso jazz Chamber jazz Cool jazz Creative jazz Free jazz Gypsy jazz Hard bop Jazz blues Jazz fusion Jazz rap Latin jazz Mini-jazz Modal jazz M-Base Nu jazz Smooth jazz Soul jazz Swing Trad jazz West coast jazz ... Acid jazz (sometimes groove jazz) is a musical genre that combines jazz influences with elements of soul music, funk, disco and hip hop. ... Asian American jazz is a musical movement in the United States begun in the 20th century by Asian American jazz musicians. ... Avant-jazz (also known as avant-garde jazz) is a style of music and improvisation that combines elements of avant-garde art music composition with elements of traditional jazz. ... Bebop or bop is a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody. ... Dixieland music is a style of jazz. ... Along with the bebop movement developed during the 1940s, the 1950s ushered in a lighter, more romantic style of jazz called cool. ... Free jazz is a movement of jazz music characterized by diminished dependence on formal constraints. ... Gypsy jazz is an idiom that was pioneered in the 1930s by guitar legend Django Reinhardt. ... Jazz blues is a musical style that combines jazz and blues. ... Bitches Brew (1970) by Miles Davis is considered the most influential early fusion album Jazz fusion (sometimes referred to simply as fusion) is a musical genre that loosely encompasses the merging of jazz with other styles, particularly rock, funk, R&B, and world music. ... Jazz rap is a fusion of alternative hip hop music and jazz, developed in the very late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Latin jazz is the general term given to music that combines rhythms from African and Latin American countries with jazz harmonies from the United States. ... Originating in Haiti during the 1960s, the mini-jazz movement was influenced by other Caribbean music styles, the British Invasion, and French pop. ... Modal jazz is jazz played using musical modes rather than chord progressions. ... M-Base is a form of modern jazz music which reached its peak in the mid-to-late-80s and early 90s. ... Nu-jazz (sometimes electro-jazz) was coined in the late 1990s to refer to styles which combine jazz textures and sometimes jazz instrumentation with electronic music. ... Smooth jazz is generally described as a genre of music that utilizes instruments (and, at times, improvisation) traditionally associated with jazz and stylistic influences drawn from, among other sources, funk, pop and R&B. Since the late 1980s, it has become highly successful as a radio format; one can tune... Soul jazz was a development of hard bop which incorporated strong blues and gospel influences in music for small groups featuring keyboards, especially the Hammond organ. ... Swing music, also known as swing jazz, is a form of jazz music that developed during the 1920s and solidified as a distinctive style during the 1930s in the United States. ... Trad jazz, short for traditional jazz is a music genre popular in Britain and Australia from the 1940s onward through the 1950s and which still has enthusiasts today. ... West coast jazz is a form of jazz music that developed around Los Angeles at about the same time as hard bop jazz was developing in New York City, in the 1950s and 1960s. ... A jazz musician is someone who plays or sings jazz music. ... Jazz standard refers to a tune that is widely known, performed, and recorded among jazz musicians. ... Jazz royalty is a term that reflects the many great jazz musicians who have some sort of royal title in their names or nicknames. ...

Encyclopedia > Hard Bop

Samples

Other hard bop musicians

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