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Encyclopedia > Harimandir Sahib

For the Golden Pavilion Temple in Kyoto, Japan click here. Kinkaku-ji from across the water Kinkakuji (Jp. ...

Harimandir Sahib
Harimandir Sahib
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Sikhism

The Golden Temple, the most important sacred shrine for the Sikhs Source: Swedish Wikipedia sv:Bild:Golden temple. ... The Golden Temple, the most important sacred shrine for the Sikhs Source: Swedish Wikipedia sv:Bild:Golden temple. ... Sikhism (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is a religion that began in sixteenth century Northern India with the teachings of Nanak and nine successive human gurus. ... Image File history File links Khanda1. ...

History of Sikhism
Dharmic religions
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Sikh
The history of Sikhism is closely associated with the history of Punjab, the socio-political situation in medieval India, and the social structures and philosophies of Hinduism and Islam. ... map showing the prevalence of Dharmic (yellow) and Abrahamic (purple) religions in each country. ... // Ek Onkar There is only one God who has infinite qualities and names. ... A Sikh (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is an adherent of Sikhism. ...

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Harimandir Sahib or Darbar Sahib (also Hari Mandir, Harimandar and other variants; Punjabi: ਹਰਿਮੰਦਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ or ਹਰਿਮੰਦਿਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ) is the most sacred shrine in Sikhism, located in Amritsar, Punjab, India. It is widely known as the Golden Temple. Literally, Harimandir means "the Temple of God", 'Hari' being a term for God and 'Mandir' meaning Temple. Sikh devotees, for whom the Temple is a symbol of freedom and spiritual independence, come to the Temple from all over the world to enjoy its environs and offer their prayers. In addition, the shrine is increasingly becoming a tourist attraction for visitors from all over the world. The Temple is located in India at 31°37′12″N, 74°52′37″E. Punjabi (also Panjabi; in GurmukhÄ«, PanjābÄ« in ShāhmukhÄ«) is the language of the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. ... Sikhism (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is a religion that began in sixteenth century Northern India with the teachings of Nanak and nine successive human gurus. ... Amritsar (Punjabi: ), meaning Pool of the Nectar of Immortality, is the administrative headquarter of the Amritsar District in Punjab, India. ... This article details the Indian state of Punjab. ... Hari is another name of Vishnu or God in Vaishnavism, Smarta or Advaitan Hinduism, Ayyavazhi and appears as the 650th name in the Vishnu sahasranama. ... A Sikh (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is an adherent of Sikhism. ...

Contents

History

The Amritsar area

Amritsar is located in the Majha region of the Punjab. Majha is also known as the Bari Doab, since it is the Doab or (fluvial) tract of land which lies between two of the five great rivers of the province, the Ravi and the Beas. As such, Majha lies in the heart of the ancient Punjab region. Besides Amritsar, it comprises Gurdaspur, Batala and Tarn Taran Sahib. Majha is name of the region of Punjab (India) comprising of the districts of Amritsar, Gurdaspur and Tarn Taran Sahib. ... A Doab, meaning two waters in Persian, is a term used in India and Pakistan for a tract of land between two confluent rivers. ... The Ravi River (Punjabi: , Urdu: ) is a river in India and Pakistan. ... Beas is a small town in the Punjab state of India, located between the cities of Amritsar and Jalandhar along the banks of the river Beas. ... Gurdaspur is a city in the state of Punjab, situated in the northwest part of India. ... Batala, a town located on the Amritsar-Pathankot railway line, is a sub-divisional headquarters of Gurdaspur district of Punjab state, India. ... Tarn Taran Sahib is a city with population of more than 100,000 and is situated near Amritsar, in the state of Punjab, India. ...


Amritsar is one of the most ancient and legendary sites in the Punjab. The origin of the place where the Sri Hari Mandir stands is shrouded in mystery. Some trace its origin to the early Vedic-epic period as a place of considerable religious importance in the form of an Amrit Kund (Spring of Nectar). But the site seems to have lost its eminence under the sway of Buddhism, which swept away most of the important Hindu holy places. According to popular belief – Valmiki wrote his celebrated epic, the Ramayana, near this hallowed site of the "Pool of Nectar". It was here, too, that Sita stayed during the period of her vanavasa (banishment). Here again, the twin sons of Sri Rama, were taught the Ramayana. Yet another legend identifies the site of this pool with the place where the whole of Sri Rama's army was destroyed by his sons, Lava and Kusha, and relates how at that time a jug of nectar descended from heaven to restore the soldiers to life. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Buddhism is a dharmic, non-theistic religion, which is also a philosophy and a system of psychology[]. Buddhism is also known as Buddha Dharma or Dhamma, which means the teachings of the Awakened One in Sanskrit and Pali, the languages of ancient Buddhist texts. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Valmiki composes the Ramayana Maharishi Valmiki (Sanskrit: वाल्मिकी, vālmikÄ«) is the author of the Hindu epic Ramayana. ... For the television series by Ramanand Sagar, see Ramayan (TV series). ... Sita Devi SITA ... Lord Rama (center) with wife Sita, brother Lakshmana and devotee Hanuman. ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Kusha (also spelt Kush and Kusa) has more than one meaning:- Kusha and his twin brother Lava are the children of the Hindu God Rama and his wife Sita Devi, whose story is told in the Ramayana. ...


The construction of the Harimandir

Inside of the entrance of the Golden Temple Complex
Inside of the entrance of the Golden Temple Complex

Originally during 1574, the site of the temple was surrounded by a small lake, in a thin forest. The third of the six grand Mughals, emperor Akbar, who visited the third Sikh Guru, Guru Amar Das at the neighbouring town of Goindval, was so impressed by the way of life in the town that he assigned the revenues of several villages in the vicinity to the Guru's daughter, Bhani as a gift on her marriage to Bhai Jetha, who later became the fourth Sikh Guru, Guru Ram Das. He enlarged the lake and built a small township around it. The town was named after Guru Ram Das as 'Guru Ka Chak','Chak Ram Das' or 'Ram Das Pura'. It was during the leadership of the fifth Guru, Guru Arjan Dev (1581-1606), that the full fledged Temple was built. In December, 1588, the great Sufi of Lahore, Hazrat Mian Mir, who was a friend of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, initiated the construction of the building by laying the foundation stone. It was completed in 1601. The temple was later attacked by the Afghans under Ahmed Shah Abdali and had to be substantially rebuilt in the 1760s. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2816x2112, 2503 KB) The Entrance to the Golden Temple as seen from the inside of the complex I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2816x2112, 2503 KB) The Entrance to the Golden Temple as seen from the inside of the complex I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar (Persian: جلال الدین محمد اکبر), (alternate spellings: Jellaladin, Celalettin) also known as Akbar the Great (Akbar-e-Azam) (October 15, 1542 – October 27, 1605) was the son of Nasiruddin Humayun whom he succeeded as ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1556 to 1605. ... Sri Guru Amar Das Ji (Punjabi: ) (5 April 1479 – 1 September 1574) was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 26 March 1552 following in the footsteps of Guru Angad Dev, who died 29 March 1552. ... Goindval(also known as Goindwal) is a place in Amritsar district in the states of Punjab in India. ... Sri Guru Ram Das Ji (Punjabi: ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਰਾਮ ਦਾਸ ਜੀ) (24 September 1534 – 1 September 1581) was the fourth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 30 August 1574 following in the footsteps of Guru Amar Das. ... Guru Arjan Dev (Punjabi: ) (15 April 1563 - 30 May 1606) was the fifth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 1 September 1581 following in the footsteps of Guru Ram Das. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... Lahore (Urdu: لاہور, Punjabi: لہور) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and the second most populated city in Pakistan, also known as the Gardens of the Mughals or City of Gardens, after the significant rich heritage of the Mughal Empire. ... Mir Mohammed Muayyinul Islam, (1550-1635) popularly known as Mian Mir was a famous Muslim Sufi saint who resided in Lahore (in present-day Pakistan). ... Ahmad Shah Durrani Ahmad Shah Abdali (c. ...


The Harimandir Complex and areas in its vicinity

Harimandir Complex
Harimandir Complex

The temple is surrounded by a pool of water, known as the Sarovar which consists of Amrit (Holy Water). There are four entrances to the temple, signifying the importance of acceptance and openness; ostensibly, this concept is reminiscent of the tent of Abraham in the Old Testament -- his tent was open on all four sides in order to be able to welcome travelers from all directions. Anyone who wants to enter the Harimandir may do so, irrespective of religion, colour, creed or sex. The only restrictions are that the person must not drink alcohol, eat meat or smoke cigarettes or other drugs while in the shrine. All Sikh temples (Gurdwaras) in the world follow this traditional rule that everyone is welcome to enter. There are four doors to get into the Harimandir Sahib, meaning that Harimandir sahib is open to anyone. Everyone must cover their heads as a sign of respect and wash their feet in the small pool of water as they enter the Harimandir Sahib premises. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...


In 1988, after the Operation Black Thunder, a narrow peripheral strip of land (including buildings) was acquired by the Government, essentially to create a security belt. A large number of people were displaced and rehabilitated in the process. However, the project met with a strong resistance from the moderate as well as militant Sikh organisations and the project had to be abandoned, after a senior Government engineer, connected with the project, was killed. The project was revived only in 1993 by the Deputy Commissioner Karan Bir Singh Sidhu, who was also appointed as the Project Director of what was popularly described as the Galliara Project. He changed the concept of the periphery from that of a security belt to that of a second parikarma and created a serene landscape that was fully consistent with the etherial beauty of the Golden Temple. This was done in quiet consultation with the SGPC. The pilgrims today can travel by foot in the Galliara; no vehicles are permitted.

Harimandir Sahib
Harimandir Sahib

Much of the present decorative gilding and marblework date from the early 1800s. All the gold and exquisite marble work were conducted under the patronage of Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of the Sikh Kingdom of the Punjab. The Sher-e-Punjab (Lion of the Punjab), was a heavy donor of wealth and materials for the shrine and is remembered with much affection by the Punjabi people in general and the Sikh community in particular. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1702x1131, 442 KB) Golden Temple in Amritsar, India Originally uploaded by en:User:Harisingh on http://en. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1702x1131, 442 KB) Golden Temple in Amritsar, India Originally uploaded by en:User:Harisingh on http://en. ... Beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1805 - 1815). ... Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Punjabi: ), also called Sher-e-Punjab (The Lion of the Punjab) (1780-1839) was a Sikh ruler of the Punjab. ... The Sikh Empire could be defined as early as beginning as early as 1707 starting from the death of Aurangzeb and the downfall of the Mughal Empire. ... The Punjabi people (Punjabi: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, پنجابی, also Panjabi people) are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group from South Asia. ...


Recent events

On July 6, 2005 the SGPC decided to install closed circuit television cameras around the Harmandir Complex and will be adding more security due to other attacks in India on other religious areas. July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 178 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Shiromani Gurudwara Prabhandak Committee is a sikh religious organization responsible for the upkeep of Gurudwaras. ... The usage of surveillance cameras is increasing rapidly. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...


Operation Blue Star

Main article: Operation Blue Star

The Indian Army attacked Bhindranwale who was staying in the Temple on June 3-6, 1984. The military code name for this operation was Operation Blue Star. The reason for the operation was the presence of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale in the Golden Temple. Bhindranwale, who is proclaimed as a militant by the government, died during the fighting. The Golden Temple complex suffered much damage due to the use of heavy artillery, tanks, and helicopters. Akal Takht building after Operation Blue Star Operation Blue Star (June 3 to June 6, 1984) was an Indian military operation at the Harimandir Sahib in Amritsar, Punjab, the holiest temple of the Sikhs. ... Image File history File links Blue_star_akal_takht. ... Image File history File links Blue_star_akal_takht. ... The Akal Takht (Punjabi: , ) is the second holiest shrine of the Sikhs. ... Akal Takht building after Operation Blue Star Operation Blue Star (June 3 to June 6, 1984) was an Indian military operation at the Harimandir Sahib in Amritsar, Punjab, the holiest temple of the Sikhs. ... The Indian Army is the largest branch of the Armed Forces of India and has the primary responsibility of conducting land-based military operations. ... June 3 is the 154th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (155th in leap years), with 211 days remaining. ... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining // 1508 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year truce and cede several territories to Venice 1513... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Akal Takht building after Operation Blue Star Operation Blue Star (June 3 to June 6, 1984) was an Indian military operation at the Harimandir Sahib in Amritsar, Punjab, the holiest temple of the Sikhs. ... Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale or Jarnail Singh Brar (Punjabi: ; 12 February 1947–6 June 1984) was the leader of Damdami Taksal, a Sikh organisation based in India. ...


Many Sikhs were outraged at the desecration of their holiest shrine, and their alienation had deep and dramatic consequences: on October 31, 1984, Indira Gandhi was assassinated by two of her Sikh bodyguards, Beant Singh and Satwant Singh. The chief of the Indian army, Gen. Arun Shridhar Vaidya, was also assassinated in 1986. The assassination of Mrs Gandhi further gave rise to Anti-Sikh riots with many innocent people becoming the victims. October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Beant Singh (Left) & Satwant Singh (Right) Beant Singh was one of the bodyguards to the former Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. ... Satwant Singh (son of Tarlok Singh, of Agwan village in Gurdaspur District) and Beant Singh were bodyguards to the Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi, who on October 31, 1984 assassinated her at her residence. ... General Arun S. Vaidya General Arun Shridhar Vaidya, MVC(Bar), AVSM (Died: 25 August 1986) was the 15th Chief of Army Staff (COAS) of the Indian Army. ...


The temple and the surrounding complex were later repaired to correct the damage that occurred during the operation. The man labour was provided by Kar Sevaks. The term Kar Sevak is used to refer to people who offer their services for free (volunteer) to a religious cause. ...


In film and television

Harimandir at night
Harimandir at night

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (974x640, 77 KB) Summary The Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) at night. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (974x640, 77 KB) Summary The Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) at night. ... Gandhi (1982) is a multi-award-winning biopic film about the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (better known in the Western world as Mahatma Gandhi), who was leader of the nonviolent resistance movement against British colonial rule in India during the first half of the 20th century. ... Bride and Prejudice is a 2004 Bollywood adaptation of Jane Austens 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice. ... Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी or हिंदी; IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is one of the official languages of the Union government of India [1][2]. It is part of a dialect continuum of the Indic family, bounded on the northwest and west by Punjabi, Sindhi, Urdu... Jassi Jaissi Koi Nahin (There is no one like Jassi) was a popular telenovela (soap opera) in India, directed by Deeya Singh and Tony Singh and produced by SET India. ... Michael Edward Palin, CBE (born May 5, 1943) is an English comedian, actor and television presenter best known for being one of the members of the comedy group Monty Python and for his travel documentaries. ... Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt, in one fashion or another, to document reality. ... Bollywood (Hindi: , Urdu: ) is the informal name given to the popular Mumbai-based Hindi language film industry in India. ... Rang De Basanti (Devanagari: रंग दे बसंती, Nastaliq: رنگ دے بسنتى) is a 2006 Bollywood film. ... Aamir Hussain Khan (/ /; Devanagari: आिमर ख़ान, Urdu script: عامر حسین خان), born March 14, 1965, in Mumbai, India, is a prominent Bollywood film actor. ...

Notable visits

Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, (Philip Mountbatten; born Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark, 10 June 1921) is the second cousin once removed, husband and consort of Queen Elizabeth II. Originally a Prince of Greece and Denmark, Prince Philip abandoned those titles to serve in the Royal Navy of... Former Canadian MP John Manley John Paul Manley, PC, BA, LL.B is a Canadian lawyer, businessperson and politician, was born on January 5, 1950 in Ottawa. ... Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, usually known as Jean Chrétien, PC, QC, BA, LLL, LLD (born January 11, 1934), served as the twentieth Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993 to December 12, 2003. ... Michael Edward Palin, CBE (born May 5, 1943) is an English comedian, actor and television presenter best known for being one of the members of the comedy group Monty Python and for his travel documentaries. ... Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (born October 15, 1931, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India), usually referred to as Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, is the President of India. ... Dr. Manmohan Singh (Punjabi: , Hindi: ) is the 17th and current Prime Minister of India. ... John Whitaker Straw (born August 3, 1946) is a British Labour Party politician. ...

Vaisakhi Celebrations at Harmandir Sahib

The most important Sikh festival Vaisakhi April 13, when the Sikh religion was founded, is celebrated with fervour in Harimandir Sahib. Other important Sikh religious days such as martyrdom day of Guru Teg Bahadur, birth day of Guru Nanak etc. are also celebrated with religious piety. There are at least 1-2 million pilgrims visiting the Holy shrine during these special days.


Most of the Sikh people visit Harimandir Sahib at least once during lifetime, particularly during special occasions in their life.


Photo Gallery

Other Gurdwaras

The Akal Takht (Punjabi: , ) is the second holiest shrine of the Sikhs. ... Gurudwara Panja Sahib is situated at Hasan Abdal, 48 km from Rawalpindi in Pakistan. ... Gurdwara Bangla Sahib is the most prominent Sikh gurdwara, or Sikh house of worship, in Delhi. ... Hazur Sahib is located on the banks of Godavari river at Nanded in Maharashtra State of India. ... One of the Five Takhats or Seat of Authority of the Sikhs. ... One of the Five Takhts or Seat of Temporal Authority of Sikhism, Damdama Sahib is situated at Bathinda in Punjab, India and is the place where Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, prepared the full version of the Sikh Scriptures called Sri Guru Granth Sahib in 1705. ... One of the Five Takhats or Seat of Authority of the Sikhs. ...

See also

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Holy of Holies. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Harmandir Sahib
Sikhism Portal
  • Some images of Sri Harmandir Sahib

  Results from FactBites:
 
Sikh Missionary Society(U.K.) - Articles - Ensign of Dignity (5254 words)
Nishan Sahib is an expression of authority, has spiritual tones, and it commands a high level of respect.
Nishan Sahib is the ensign of harmony between the God factor and Shakti - Maya; the world-factor.
Nishan Sahib is of the saffron color - pleasant, bright, and glowing reddish-yellow, representing purity (spirituality), courage and bravery.
Indira Gandhi (913 words)
Alarmed at the rise in popularity of the highly political Sikh missionary and leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, India's leaders were disturbed by his proclamation that Sikhs were a sovereign and self-ruling community.
Fearing Pakistan i support for the movement, in June 1984 Gandhi ordered Operation Blue Star, a military assault on Amritsar 's holy Harimandir Sahib or Golden Temple, the central Sikh place of prayer, which had been occupied by Jarnail Singh and his militant supporters with a heavy cache of arms.
The occupiers refused to depart peacefully and a firefight ensued - with 83 soldiers and 493 occupiers killed, and many more injured.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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