Harkishan Singh Surjeet (born 23 March 1916) is a communist politician from Punjab, India. He was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from 1992 to 2005 and was a member of the party's Polit Bureau from 1964 to 2008.^[1] Prakash Karat (Malayalam: പ്രകാശ് കാരാത്) is communist politician from India. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Jalandhar (Punjabi: ) is a city in the state of Punjab, India. ... Punjab was a province of British India. ... The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. ... This article is about the capital city of India. ... Religions Sikhism Scriptures Guru Granth Sahib Languages English, Punjabi] A Sikh (English: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is an adherent to Sikhism. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the form of society and political movement. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... , This article is about the Indian state of Punjab. ... The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. ...

Pre-1947 career

Born to a Bassi Jat family in Badala, Jullundhur district, Surjeet started his political career in the national liberation movement in his early teens, as a follower of Bhagat Singh. In 1930 he joined the movement of Bhagat Singh, Naujawan Bharat Sabha. On the anniversary of the martyrdom of Bhagat Singh, Surjeet hoisted the Indian tricolour at the court in Hoshiarpur, an action during which he was shot two times. Later he was punished by the colonial regime. In court he stated his name as London Tod Singh (one who breaks London). In 1936, Surjeet joined the Communist Party of India. He was a co-founder of the Kisan Sabha (Peasants Union) in Punjab. In the pre-war years he started publishing Dukhi Duniya and Chingari. During the war, Surjeet was imprisoned by the colonial authorities. When India became independent and partitioned in 1947, Surjeet was the Secretary of CPI in Punjab. About 8 million Jats live in the Indian state of Haryana. ... Bhagat Singh (Punjabi: ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ بھگت سنگھ, IPA: ) (September 27, 1907[1] –March 23, 1931) was an Indian freedom fighter, considered to be one of the most famous revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... , Hoshiarpur is a city and a municipal council in Hoshiarpur district in the Indian state of Punjab. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. ... All India Kisan Sabha (All India Peasants Union), the name of the peasants front of the undivided Communist Party of India. ... , This article is about the Indian state of Punjab. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Split in the Communist Party

Surjeet visiting the 2005 CPI congress

Just after independence, Surjeet was forced to go underground for four years [2]. Several other communist leaders like A K Gopalan were arrested under the preventive detention laws. In the 1950s he led the historic anti-betterment levy movement in Punjab in 1959. His work with farmers led to his election as General Secretary and then President of the All India Kisan Sabha. He also worked in the Agricultural Workers Union. When the CPI split in 1964, Surjeet sided with the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Surjeet was one of the nine members of the original CPI(M) Polit Bureau.^[1] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 121 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Three leaders of the Indian communist movement, on the dais of open session of the 2005 congress of the Communist Party of India in Chandigarh. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 121 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Three leaders of the Indian communist movement, on the dais of open session of the 2005 congress of the Communist Party of India in Chandigarh. ... AKG memorial in Thiruvananthapuram Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan Nambiar, popularly known as A. K. Gopalan or AKG, was a communist leader and an Indian politician. ... Preventive detention is a system in which the citizens of a country can be arrested without being told the grounds for the arrest. ... All India Kisan Sabha (All India Peasants Union), the name of the peasants front of the undivided Communist Party of India. ... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ... The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. ...

Harkishan Singh Surjeet and Jyoti Basu

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 336 KB) Summary Press conference at the book release of Memoirs - 25 Communist Freedom Fighters by Sitaram Yechuri at the 18th congress of Communist Party of India (Marxist), Delhi, 2005. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 336 KB) Summary Press conference at the book release of Memoirs - 25 Communist Freedom Fighters by Sitaram Yechuri at the 18th congress of Communist Party of India (Marxist), Delhi, 2005. ... Jyoti Basu (Bengali: ) (born July 8, 1914) is a Communist politician from West Bengal, India. ...

General Secretary

He continued to rise within the party until he was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPI(M) in 1992, a post he held till 2005, retiring at the age of 89. Surjeet is known for his steadfast opposition to the BJP and communalism. He was instrumental in forming a number of anti-BJP coalitions in the 1990s and for ensuring left support the present UPA government. [3] After retiring from his post as General Secretary, Surjeet continued to play an active role in Indian national politics. Many times, including after the 2004 Lok Sabha election and during the 1996-1998 United Front government, his role has been that of a cunning king-maker in parliamentary politics, mending and assembling broad coalitions. Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Lok Sabhha (alternatively titled, the House of the People, by the Constitution of India) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ...

With his health declining, Surjeet was, for the first time, not included in the CPI(M) Polit Bureau at the party's 19th congress in early April 2008. He was instead designated as Special Invitee to the Central Committee.^[1]

References