Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries is a diversified Heavy industrial company specialising in Shipbuilding, Ship breaking, Offshore construction, Modular construction, Civil, Marine engineering and Project management, located in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A limited company by shares (limited or Ltd. ... This article is about the city in Northern Ireland. ... Northern Ireland (Irish: , Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a constituent country of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km², about a sixth of the islands total area). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland. ... The Engine room of Argonaute, a French supply vessel. ... Men from Francisco de Orellanas expedition building a small brigantine, the San Pedro, to be used in the search for food Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... This article is about work. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Diversification is a form of growth marketing strategy for a company. ... Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning compared to light industry. ... Men from Francisco de Orellanas expedition building a small brigantine, the San Pedro, to be used in the search for food Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... Ship breaking or ship demolition involves breaking up of ships for scrap. ... Offshore construction is the installation of structures and pipelines in a marine environment for the production and transmission of oil and gas. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland. ... The Engine room of Argonaute, a French supply vessel. ... Project Management is the discipline of organizing and managing resources (e. ... This article is about the city in Northern Ireland. ... Northern Ireland (Irish: , Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a constituent country of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km², about a sixth of the islands total area). ...

Early history

Harland and Wolff was formed in 1861 by Edward James Harland (1831–1895) and Hamburg-born Gustav Wilhelm Wolff (1834–1913, in the UK from age 14). Harland had bought the small shipyard on Queen's Island, in which he was employed as general manager, from Robert Hickson in 1858. The shipyard has built many types of ships continuously since then, the most famous being the RMS Titanic. Their main business today is ship repair and conversion work, ship design and bridge building. Harland and Wolff also owns the world's largest dry dock, which is in Belfast. Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Hamburg (disambiguation). ... Gustav William Wolff (born Hamburg, 1834 as Gustav Wilhelm Wolff - 17 April 1913, London) was one of the founders of Harland and Wolff and a Member of Parliament. ... Year 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Titanic (disambiguation). ... U.S. Navy submarine USS Greeneville in dry dock following collision with a fishing boat. ...

Workers leaving the shipyard at Queens road in early 1911. The RMS Titanic can be seen in the background

After buying Hickson's shipyard, Harland made Wolff, his assistant, a partner in the company. Wolff was the nephew of Gustavus Schwabe, a financier from Hamburg. Schwabe had heavily invested in the Bibby Line, and the first three ships that the newly incorporated shipyard built were for that line. Harland made a success of the business through several innovations, notably replacing the wooden upper decks with iron ones which increased the strength of the ships; and giving the hulls a flatter bottom and squarer section, which increased their capacity. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (3450x2508, 1362 KB) A Digital Image of Knocking of time at Harland & Wolff, Belfast This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (3450x2508, 1362 KB) A Digital Image of Knocking of time at Harland & Wolff, Belfast This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the... For other uses, see Titanic (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Hamburg (disambiguation). ... The Bibby Line Group is the parent of the current incarnation of the shipping interests of the Bibby family of Britain, which can be traced back to the establishment of the shipbroking partnership of Bibby & Hall in 1801. ...

Statue of Edward James Harland in the grounds of Belfast City Hall

When Harland died in 1894, William James Pirrie became the chairman of the company until his death in 1924. Thomas Andrews also became the managing director and head of the draughting department in 1907. It was during this period that the company built the RMS Titanic and her sister-ships RMS Olympic and HMHS Britannic between 1909 and 1914, commissioning William Arrol to construct a massive twin gantry and Slipway structure for the project. These were three of over 70 ships constructed for the White Star Line by the company, the last being the RMS Britannic in 1929. Belfast City Hall Belfast City Hall is the civic building of the Belfast City Council. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... William James Pirrie, Viscount Pirrie, KP (May 31, 1847) - (June 6, 1924) was a leading Irish shipbuilder and businessman. ... For the rap album, see 1924 (album). ... Thomas Andrews, Jr. ... Year 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Titanic (disambiguation). ... RMS Olympic was the first of her class of ocean liners built for the White Star Line, which also included the ill-fated liners Titanic and Britannic. ... HMHS Britannic (1914), the third Olympic-class ocean liner of the White Star Line, sister ship of RMS Olympic and RMS Titanic, sank in 1916 after hitting a mine with the loss of 30 lives. ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... William Arrol (1839 – 1913) was a Scottish civil engineer, bridge builder, and Liberal Party politician. ... A slipway inside the Cobb at Lyme Regis, England A slipway, boat slip or just a slip, is a ramp on the shore by which ships or boats can be moved to and from the water. ... For other uses, see White star. ... RMS Britannic was the third White Star Line ship to bear the name. ...

The company also built the Titanic liner for the White Star line, which sunk with tremendous loss of life after striking an iceberg in April 1912. Part of the disaster was the failure of hull rivets. It was shown in April of 2008 that the Titanic was made with substandard rivets which may have contributed to the speed of its sinking. The modern company has no comment on this at this time.^[1].

In 1912, the company acquired another shipyard at Govan in Glasgow, Scotland. It bought the London & Glasgow Engineering & Iron Shipbuilding Co's Middleton and Govan New shipyards in Govan and Mackie & Thomson's Govan Old yard. The three neighbouring yards were amalgamated and redeveloped to provide a total of seven building berths, a fitting-out basin and extensive workshops. Harland & Wolff specialised in building tankers and cargo ships at Govan. The yard was eventually closed in 1962, when the company opted to consolidate its operations in Belfast. 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... , Govan (Baile a Ghobhainn in Gaelic) is a district and former burgh in the southwestern part of the City of Glasgow, Scotland. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... This article is about the country. ...

The war years

During World War I, Harland and Wolff built monitors and cruisers, including the 15-inch gun armed "large light cruiser" HMS Glorious. “The Great War ” redirects here. ... USS Monitor became the prototype of a form of ship built by several navies for coastal defence in the 1860s and 1870s and known as a monitor. ... USS Port Royal (CG-73), a Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser (really an uprated guided missile destroyer), launched in 1992. ... HMS Glorious was a warship of the Royal Navy. ...

A burner operating at night on the deck of a ship at Harland and Wolff's Liverpool yard. (27 October 1944)

In 1918, the company opened a new shipyard on the eastern side of the Musgrave Channel which was named the East Yard. This yard specialised in mass-produced ships of standard design developed during the First World War. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x715, 211 KB) Description: WAR INDUSTRY IN BRITAIN 1939-1945 Shipbuilding: A burner in operation on the deck of a ship at night at Harland and Wolffs yard in Liverpool. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x715, 211 KB) Description: WAR INDUSTRY IN BRITAIN 1939-1945 Shipbuilding: A burner in operation on the deck of a ship at night at Harland and Wolffs yard in Liverpool. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ...

The company started an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary with Short Brothers, called Short and Harland Limited in 1936. Its first order was for 189 Handley Page Hereford bombers built under license from Handley Page for the Royal Air Force. During the Second World War, this factory built Short Stirling bombers as the Hereford was removed from service. Short Brothers plc is a British aerospace company, abbreviated Shorts and is now based in Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. Founded in 1908, Shorts was the first true aviation company in the world, and was a manufacturer of flying boats during the 1920s and 1930s and throughout the Second World War. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Handley Page HP.52 Hampden was a twin-engine medium bomber of the Royal Air Force that was one of the main front-line bombers at the start of World War II. Along with the Whitley and Wellington bombers, the Hampden bore the brunt of the early bombing war... For other uses, see Bomber (disambiguation). ... Handley Page logo The Handley Page Aircraft Company was founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909 as the United Kingdoms first publicly traded aircraft manufacturing company. ... RAF redirects here. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... The Stirling was a World War II heavy bomber design built by Short Brothers. ...

The shipyard was busy during World War II, building 6 aircraft carriers, 2 cruisers (including HMS Belfast) and 131 other naval ships; and repairing over 22,000 vessels. It also manufactured tanks and artillery components. It was during this period that the company's workforce peaked at around 35,000 people. However, many of the vessels built during this era were commissioned right at the end of World War II, as Harland and Wolff were focused on ship repair during the first three years of the war. The yard on Queen's Island was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe in April and May 1941 causing considerable damage to the shipbuilding facilities and destroying the aircraft factory. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Four aircraft carriers, (bottom-to-top) Principe de Asturias, amphibious assault ship USS Wasp, USS Forrestal and light V/STOL carrier HMS Invincible, showing size differences of late 20th century carriers An aircraft carrier is a warship designed to deploy and recover aircraft, acting as a sea-going airbase. ... HMS Belfast, the Royal Navys heaviest ever cruiser, was one of the two ships forming the final sub-class of British Town-class cruisers, the other being HMS Edinburgh. ... For other uses, see Artillery (disambiguation). ... The Deutsche Luftwaffe or   (German: air force, IPA: ) is the commonly used term for the German air force. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ...

Post war period and decline

With the rise of the jet powered airliner in the late 1950s, the demand for Ocean liners declined; and this coupled with competition from Japan led to difficulties for the British shipbuilding industry. The last liner that the company built was the SS Canberra in 1960. The 1950s decade refers to the years 1950 to 1959 inclusive. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Canberras official stamp SS Canberra was a liner and cruise ship in the P&O fleet from 1961 to 1997. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the 1960s, notable achievements for the yard included the tanker Myrina which was the first supertanker built in the UK, and the largest vessel ever launched down a slipway (September 1967). In the same period the yard also built the semisubmersible drilling rig Sea Quest which, due to its three-legged design, was launched down three parallel slipways. This was a first and only time this was ever done.

In the mid-1960s, the British government started advancing loans and subsidies to British shipyards to preserve jobs. Some of this money was used to finance the modernisation of the yard, allowing it to build the much larger post-war merchant ships including one of 333,000 tonnes. However continuing problems led to the company's nationalisation as part of British Shipbuilders in 1977. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ... The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ... Nationalization is the act of taking assets into state ownership. ... British Shipbuilders was a public corporation that owned and managed the UK shipbuilding industry from 1977 to 1986. ...

The company was bought from the British government in 1989 in a management/employee buy-out in partnership with the Norwegian shipping magnate Fred Olsen; leading to a new company called Harland and Wolff Holdings Plc. By this time, the number of people employed by the company had fallen to around 3000. Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Fred Olsen or Fred. ...

For the next few years, Harland and Wolff specialised in building standard Suezmax oil tankers, and has continued to concentrate on vessels for the offshore oil and gas industry. It has made some forays outside of this market. The company bid unsuccessfully tendered against Chantiers de l'Atlantique for the construction of Cunard line's new Queen Mary 2^[2]. Suezmax is a naval architecture term for the largest ships capable of fitting through the Suez Canal fully loaded, and is almost exclusively used in reference to tankers. ... A tanker is usually a vehicle carrying large amounts of liquid fuel. ... For the locomotive car, see Tender locomotive. ... The Batillus oil tanker at the end of its construction in Saint-Nazaire, being refueled by the Port-Vendres Chantiers de lAtlantique is one of the worlds largest shipyards, based in Saint-Nazaire, France. ... The Cunard Line, formerly Cunard White Star Line, is a British cruise line, operator of ocean liners RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) and RMS Queen Mary 2 (QM2). ... The RMS Queen Mary 2 (QM2) is a Cunard Line ocean liner named after the earlier Cunard liner Queen Mary, which was in turn named after Mary of Teck, the Queen Consort of George V. At the time of her construction in 2003, the QM2 was the longest, widest and...

With the Shipyard being situated in the mainly Protestant area of East Belfast, for most of its history the workers at Harland and Wolff were almost exclusively Protestant. At certain times, some Roman Catholics working in the shipyard did report discrimination and occasionally violent and threatening behaviour. While there is little concrete proof of this (except in the case of Catholic Maurice O'Kane who was shot by the Ulster Volunteer Force), some Catholic workers insist on its accuracy. The O'Kane case, while occurring within the shipyard, was not carried out by any of Mr O'Kane's co-workers, and indeed a number of workers from both sides of the divide have claimed that the mainly working class status of the yard's workers united them, regardless of political and religious affiliation. Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Ulster Volunteer Force (more commonly referred to as the UVF) is a Loyalist group in Northern Ireland. ...

In the late 1990s, the yard was part of the then British Aerospace's team for the Royal Navy's Future Carrier (CVF) programme. It was envisaged that the ship would be constructed in Belfast. However in 1999 BAe merged with Marconi Electronic Systems. The new company, BAE Systems Marine, now own the former Marconi shipyards at Barrow and on the Clyde and will likely construct the ships at one of these. British Aerospace (BAe) was a UK aircraft and defence systems manufacturer, now part of BAE Systems. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... This page relates to the future aircraft carrier for the Royal Navy. ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... Marconi Electronic Systems (MES), or GEC-Marconi as it was until 1998, was the defence arm of The General Electric Company (GEC). ... BAE Systems Marine Ltd. ... Barrow-in-Furness is a town in Cumbria, England. ... For other rivers, see Clyde River (disambiguation) , The River Clyde (Gaelic: Abhainn Chluaidh, pronounced ) is a major river in Scotland. ...

Restructuring

The Samson and Goliath gantry cranes have become city landmarks.

Faced with competitive pressures (especially as regards shipbuilding), Harland and Wolff sought to shift and broaden their portfolio, focusing less on shipbuilding and more on design and structural engineering, as well as ship repair, offshore construction projects and competing for other projects to do with metal engineering and construction. This led to Harland and Wolff constructing a series of bridges in Britain and also in the Republic of Ireland, building on the success of its first foray into the civil engineering sector with the construction of the Foyle Bridge and others such as Dublin's Millennium Bridge, which some perceived as a historic turnaround, given the company's controversial history. Image File history File links H&W_Cranes2. ... Image File history File links H&W_Cranes2. ... Samson and Goliath Samson and Goliath are twin shipbuilding gantry cranes situated at Queens Island, Belfast, Northern Ireland. ... The Foyle Bridge is a bridge in Derry/Londonderry in Northern Ireland. ... For other uses, see Dublin (disambiguation). ... River Liffey: Millennium Bridge in front & Grattan Bridge behind. ...

Harland and Wolff's last shipbuilding project (to date) was the MV Anvil Point, one of 6 near identical Point class sealift ships built for use by the Ministry of Defence. The ship, built under sub-contract from German shipbuilders Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft, was launched in 2003. The Ministry of Defence (MOD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces. ... Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft is a German shipbuilding company, headquartered in Flensburg. ...

Belfast's skyline is still dominated today by Harland and Wolff's famous twin Gantry cranes, Samson and Goliath, built in 1974 and 1969 respectively. There is also speculation about a new resurgence in the prosperity of the shipyard thanks to the company's diversification into Emerging technologies, particularly in Renewable energy development, such as offshore Wind turbine and Tidal power construction, which may provide an opportunity to further improve the company's fortunes in the long term. Container ship Rita being loaded at Copenhagen by a portainer crane A portainer (also known as a gantry crane, container crane, container handling gantry crane, quay crane, ship-to-shore crane, STS crane or a dockside crane) is a very large crane used to load and unload container ships, and... Samson and Goliath Samson and Goliath are twin shipbuilding gantry cranes situated at Queens Island, Belfast, Northern Ireland. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (number) 1969 (movie) 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Diversification is a form of growth marketing strategy for a company. ... A termite cathedral mound produced by a termite colony: a classic example of emergence. ... // Renewable energy development covers the advancement, capacity growth, and use of renewable energy sources by humans. ... This article is about the machine for converting the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical energy. ... Tidal power, sometimes called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that exploits the movement of water caused by tidal currents or the rise and fall in sea levels due to the tides. ...

In recent years the company has indeed seen its ship-related workload increase slightly. Whilst Harland & Wolff has no involvement in any shipbuilding projects for the foreseeable future, the company is increasingly involved in overhaul, re-fitting and ship repair, as well as the construction and repair of off-shore equipment such as oil platforms. In late 2007, the 'Goliath' gantry crane was re-commissioned having been in a moth-balled state since 2003 due to the lack of heavy-lifting work required at the yard. Men from Francisco de Orellanas expedition building a small brigantine, the San Pedro, to be used in the search for food Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... An oil platform is a large structure used to house workers and machinery needed to drill and then produce oil and natural gas in the ocean. ...

Ships constructed

SS Venetian - the first steamer built by Harland & Wolff 1860 - a plaque on the William James Pirrie monument, grounds of Belfast City Hall.

Ships built by Harland and Wolff include: ^[3]

• All 89 of the White Star liners (most notably RMS Titanic)

• RMS Mooltan: Launched on 15 February 1923
• RMS Maloja: Launched on the 19th April 1923
• SS Minnewaska:Maiden Voyage 1st September 1923
• SS Minnehaha Built in 1900, Sunk in 1917
• Aircraft Carriers
  • HMS Formidable (R67)
  • HMS Eagle (R05)
  • HMS Unicorn (I72)
  • HMS Glory (R62)
  • HMS Warrior (R31)
  • HMCS Magnificent (CVL 21)
  • HMCS Bonaventure (CVL 22)
  • HMS Centaur (R06)
  • HMS Bulwark (R08)
• Cruisers
  • HMS Penelope (97)
  • HMS Belfast (C35)
  • HMS Black Prince (81)
  • HMCS Ontario (C53)

For other uses, see White star. ... For other uses, see Titanic (disambiguation). ... The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company placed the order for R.M.S. Mooltan with Harland and Wolff Ltd on 29 November 1918. ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company placed the order for RMS Maloja with Harland and Wolff Ltd on 29 November 1918. ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... THE SS MINNEWASKA BUILT IN 1923 SS Minnewaska was laid down at the Harland & Wolff Ltd, shipyard, Belfast, Northern Irland in 1923. ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Minnehaha was a 13443-ton ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff and launched on 31 March 1900. ... HMS Formidable was an Illustrious class aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy during World War II. She was constructed by Harland & Wolff, Belfast and commissioned on 24 November 1940. ... HMS Eagle was an aircraft carrier of the British Royal Navy, in service 1951-1972. ... HMS Unicorn 172: Maintenance Carrier (modified Colossus-class Light Fleet Carrier) 14750 tons standard, 20300 tons full load. ... HMS Glory (R62) was a Colossus-class aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy laid down on 8 November 1942 by Stephen at Govan. ... HMS Warrior (R31) was a Colossus-class aircraft carrier which served in the Royal Canadian Navy from 1946 to 1948, the Royal Navy from 1948 to 1958, and the Argentine Navy from 1959 to 1969. ... HMCS Magnificent was an aircraft carrier of the Royal Canadian Navy, in service from 1946 to 1956. ... HMCS Bonaventure was the last aircraft carrier in the Royal Canadian Navy. ... HMS Centaur (R06) was a Centaur-class light fleet carrier of the Royal Navy. ... See HMS Bulwark for other ships of this name. ... HMS Penelope (97) was an Arethusa-class light cruiser of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Belfast, the Royal Navys heaviest ever cruiser, was one of the two ships forming the final sub-class of British Town-class cruisers, the other being HMS Edinburgh. ... HMS Black Prince was a Bellona-class cruiser of the Royal Navy. ... HMCS Ontario is a former Minotaur class cruiser of the Royal Canadian Navy formerly HMS Swiftsure (08) from the Royal Navy. ...

References

1. ^ New York Times - In Weak Rivets, a Possible Key to Titanic’s Doom
2. ^ The Guardian - Harland & Wolff locks horns with DTI
3. ^ Passenger lists and Emigrant ships from Norway-Heritage - Shipyard: Harland & Wolff

External links

• Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries
• Harland and Wolff On Titanic-Titanic.com
• Encyclopedia Titanica : Harland & Wolff
• Nationwide program feat. a report on Harland and Wolff's bridge-building in the Republic of Ireland (Real player required to watch)]
• Bad Management program which resulted in a huge crane collapsing. The management currently is still undecided why their crane actually fell the ground.
• Second World War online resource for NI

• Harland and Wolff is at coordinates 54°36′29″N 5°54′03″W / 54.6080, -5.9008 (Harland and Wolff)Coordinates: 54°36′29″N 5°54′03″W / 54.6080, -5.9008 (Harland and Wolff)