Hawaiʻi The Big Island
Landsat mosaic, 1999-2001
Geography
Location in the state of Hawaii
Location	19°34′N, 155°30′W
Area	4,028.0 sq mi (10,432.5 km²)
Rank	1st, largest Hawaiian Island
Highest point	Mauna Kea   13,796 ft (4,205 m)[1]
Demographics
Population	148,677 (as of 2000)
Density	37/sq mi (14/km²)
Official Insignia[2]
Flower	Lehua blossom
Color	Ula Ula (Red)

The Island of Hawaiʻi (called the Big Island or Hawaiʻi Island) is a volcanic island in the U.S. state of Hawaiʻi in the Pacific Ocean. With an area of 4,028 square miles (10,432 km²), it is the largest island in the United States and larger than all of the other Hawaiian Islands combined. Image File history File links Map_of_Hawaii_highlighting_Hawaii_(island). ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Map of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of islands that stretches 1,500 mi (2,400 km) in a northwesterly direction from the southern tip of the Island of Hawaii. ... Mauna Kea is a dormant volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes which together form the island of Hawaii. ... Binomial name Metrosideros polymorpha Metrosideros polymorpha (ÅŒhia lehua or Lehua), is an evergreen tree of the myrtle family which is endemic to the six largest islands of Hawaii. ... Cleveland Volcano in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska photographed from the International Space Station For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the U.S. State. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... Satellite image of the Big Island of Hawaii, the largest island in the United States. ...

Hawaiʻi is said to have been named for Hawaiʻiloa, the legendary Polynesian navigator who first discovered it. However, other accounts attribute the name to the legendary land or realm of Hawaiki, a place from which the Polynesians originated (see also Manua), the place where they go in the afterlife, the realm of the gods. Hawai‘iloa, a voyaging canoe docked at Honolulu Harbor, is named in honor of the legendary navigator. ... Polynesians give the name Hawaiki to the mythical island to which they trace their origins. ... The Islands of Ofu and Olosega viewed from the village of Sili along the north shore of Olosega. ...

The Island of Hawaiʻi is administered under the County of Hawaiʻi. The county seat is Hilo. It is estimated that as of the year 2003, the island had a resident population of 158,400. Hawaii County is a county located in the U.S. state of Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands. ... Hilo is the largest town on the island of Hawai‘i, and the county seat of Hawai‘i County, Hawai‘i. ...

History

Hawaiʻi was the home island of Kamehameha the Great, who by 1795 had united most of the Hawaiian Islands under his rule after several years of warfare and conquest. He gave his kingdom the name of his native island, which all the islands are now known as, Hawaiʻi. Captain James Cook, who made the Western world aware of these "Sandwich isles", was killed on Hawaiʻi in Kealakekua Bay. This article is about the Hawaiian ruler. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the British explorer. ... Map of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of islands that stretches 1,500 mi (2,400 km) in a northwesterly direction from the southern tip of the Island of Hawaii. ... Image of Hawai‘i (island) taken by NASA. The Island of Hawai‘i is the largest of the Hawaiian Islands. ...

Geology and geography

The Island of Hawaiʻi is built from five separate shield volcanoes that erupted somewhat sequentially, one overlapping the other. These are (from oldest to youngest): Cleveland Volcano in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska photographed from the International Space Station For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ...

• Kohala (dormant),
• Mauna Kea (dormant),
• Hualālai (dormant),
• Mauna Loa (active, partly within Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park), and
• Kīlauea (very active; part of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park).

Interpretation of geological evidence from exposures of old surfaces on the south and west flanks of Mauna Loa led to the proposal that two ancient volcanic shields (named Ninole and Kulani) were all but buried by the younger Mauna Loa.^[3] Geologists now consider these "outcrops" to be part of the earlier building of Mauna Loa. Kohala, also known as the Kohala Mountains, is the name of an extinct volcano on Hawaii Island in the state of Hawaii. ... Mauna Kea is a dormant volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes which together form the island of Hawaii. ... {{Mtnbox start|Name=Hualālai|Photo=Hualalai from north. ... For other uses, see Mauna Loa (disambiguation). ... Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, established in 1916, displays the results of hundreds of thousands of years of volcanism, migration, and evolution—processes that thrust a bare land from the sea and clothed it with complex and unique ecosystems and a distinct human culture. ... Kīlauea is an active volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five shield volcanoes that together form the Island of Hawaii. ...

View north from upslope Kohala showing Haleakalā, Maui in the distance

In greatest dimension, the island is 93 miles (150 km) across and has a land area of 4,028.0 square miles (10,432.5 km²),^[4] representing 62% of the total land area of the Hawaiian Islands. Measured from its base at the sea floor, to its highest peak, Mauna Kea is the tallest mountain in the world, even taller than Mount Everest, according to the Guinness Book of Records. Traditionally, Hawaiʻi is known as the Big Island because it is the largest of the Hawaiian Islands and some confusion between Hawaiʻi Island and Hawaiʻi State can be avoided. Download high resolution version (900x569, 178 KB)Photograph of pasture lands at Kohala (mountain), Island of Hawaii taken June 6, 2000 by Eric Guinther and released under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... Download high resolution version (900x569, 178 KB)Photograph of pasture lands at Kohala (mountain), Island of Hawaii taken June 6, 2000 by Eric Guinther and released under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... Map of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of islands that stretches 1,500 mi (2,400 km) in a northwesterly direction from the southern tip of the Island of Hawaii. ... Mauna Kea is a dormant volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes which together form the island of Hawaii. ... Everest redirects here. ... Suresh Joachim, minutes away from breaking the ironing world record at 55 hours and 5 minutes, at Shoppers World, Brampton. ...

Because Mauna Loa and Kīlauea are active volcanoes, the island of Hawaiʻi is still growing. Between January 1983 and September 2002, 543 acres (220 ha) of land were added to the island by lava flows from Kīlauea volcano extending the coastline seaward. Several towns have been destroyed by Kīlauea lava flows in modern times: Kapoho (1960), Kalapana (1990), and Kaimū (1990). This article is about the unit of measurement. ... A hectare (symbol ha) is a unit of area, equal to 10 000 square metres, commonly used for measuring land area. ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... One of the over 100 houses destroyed by the lava flow in 1990 Kalapana is a town on the Island of Hawai‘i in the Hawaiian Islands that was completely destroyed and partly buried by the eruptive flow of lava from Kīlauea volcano in 1990. ... Kaimū was a small town on the Island of Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands that was completley destroyed by an eruptive flow of lava from the Puu Oo vent of the Kīlauea volcano in 1990. ...

Steam plume as Kīlauea red lava enters the ocean at three Waikupanaha and one Ki lava ocean entries. Some surface lava is seen too. The image was taken 04/16/08.

Hawaiʻi is the southernmost island in the Hawaiian archipelago, and contains the southernmost point in the United States, (Ka Lae). The nearest landfall to the south would be in the Line Islands. To the north is the island of Maui, where East Maui Volcano (Haleakalā) is visible across the Alenuihāhā Channel. This is a list of the extreme points of the United States, the points that are farther north, south, east, or west than any other location in the country. ... Ka Lae, also known as South Point, is the southernmost point on the island of Hawaii and the state of Hawaii, and is also the southernmost point in the United States, at an approximate latitude of nineteen degrees north. ... The Line Islands are a group of eleven atolls and low coral islands in the central Pacific Ocean south of the Hawaiian Islands, eight of which belong to Kiribati, while three are United States territories that are grouped with the United States Minor Outlying Islands. ... For other uses, see Maui (disambiguation). ... Haleakalā or East Maui Volcano is a massive shield volcano that forms more than 75% of the Hawaiian Island of Maui. ... In an archipelago like the Hawaiian Islands the water between islands is typically called a channel or passage. ...

18 miles (29 kilometers) off Hawaiʻi Island's southeast coast is the undersea volcano known as Lōʻihi. Lōʻihi is an actively erupting seamount that lies 3,200 feet (975 m) below the surface of the ocean. It is thought that continued volcanic activity from Lōʻihi will cause the volcano to eventually breach sea level and later attach at the surface onto Kīlauea, adding even more land to Hawaiʻi's surface area. This "event" is presently predicted for a date several tens of thousands of years in the future. Lōʻihi is a seamount and undersea volcano in the Hawaiian archipelago, located at 18. ...

Hilina Slump or the Great Crack is an 8-mile (13 km) long, 60 feet (18 m) wide and 60 feet (18 m) deep crack in the island, situated in the district of Kaʻū. The Great Crack is one of many series of cracks and rifts that were formed by eruptions and, in fact, is an extension of the southwest rift zone. Often these rifts are the sites of volcanic eruptions and occasionally a rift can be so deep and so fractured that it can cause a chunk of the island to fall into the ocean. The Hilina Slump is outlined in red. ... In geology, a rift is a place where the Earths lithosphere is expanding. ...

Black Sand Beach Park

Some believe that the Great Crack is a result of the south flank of the Big Island moving away from the rest of the island. Speculation abounds that some day, perhaps soon, a major chunk of the island will break away and fall into the ocean, resulting in turn in a huge tsunami and earthquake. This actually does happen every ten thousand years or so, so it is not outside the realm of possibility. Others believe the Great Crack is not a fault that will break the island apart, but instead was created (probably thousands of years ago) as a result of the crust moving apart slightly due to magma forcing itself into the rift zones. The Great Crack has been measured and is tracked and there is no indication that it is enlarging in any way or that the island is shifting near this point. Furthermore, the walls of the crack have been shown to fit together perfectly, thus proving that the crack was a widening of once joined ground. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixel Image in higher resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 4. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixel Image in higher resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 4. ... For other uses, see Tsunami (disambiguation). ... This article is about the natural seismic phenomenon. ... Geologic faults, fault lines or simply faults are planar rock fractures, which show evidence of relative movement. ... Magma is molten rock located beneath the surface of the Earth (or any other terrestrial planet), and which often collects in a magma chamber. ... In geology, a rift is a place where the Earths lithosphere is expanding. ...

One can find trails, rock walls, and archaeological sites from as old as the 12th century around the Great Crack. Much of these finds are on the park side of the fence. About 1,951 acres (790 ha) of private land beyond the fence were purchased during the Bill Clinton administration specifically to protect the various artifacts in this area as well as to protect the habitat of the turtles. However, near the end of the crack is an area of land between the fence, the crack and the ocean which is not part of the park land and does have many archaeological artifacts on it. (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... President Clintons Cabinet, circa 1993 The Presidency of Bill Clinton, also known as the Clinton Administration, was the executive branch of the federal government of the United States from 1993 to 2001 while Bill Clinton served as President of the United States. ...

In 1823 a very fluid flow of lava came out of a 6-mile (10 km) portion of the crack and made its way to the ocean. 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Lava enters the Pacific at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park in April of 2005, increasing the size of the island.

On April 2, 1868, an earthquake in this area with a magnitude estimated between 7.25 and 7.75 on the Richter scale rocked the southeast coast of Hawaiʻi. It triggered a landslide on the slopes of Mauna Loa, five miles (8 km) north of Pahala, killing 31 people. A tsunami claimed 46 additional lives. The villages of Punaluʻu, Nīnole, Kawaʻa, Honuʻapo, and Keauhou Landing were severely damaged. According to one account, the tsunami "rolled in over the tops of the coconut trees, probably 60 feet (18 m) high ... inland a distance of a quarter of a mile in some places, taking out to sea when it returned, houses, men, women, and almost everything movable." This was reported in the 1988 edition of Walter C. Dudley's book, "Tsunami!" (ISBN 0-8248-1125-9). Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 1024 pixel, file size: 855 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Pāhoehoe Lava is entering Pacific at The Big Island of Hawai, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 1024 pixel, file size: 855 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Pāhoehoe Lava is entering Pacific at The Big Island of Hawai, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. ... HawaiÊ»i Volcanoes National Park, established in 1916, displays the results of hundreds of thousands of years of volcanism, migration, and evolution—processes that thrust a bare land from the sea and clothed it with complex and unique ecosystems and a distinct human culture. ... is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Punaluu is a census-designated place and rural community in the Koolauloa District on the Island of Oahu, City & County of Honolulu. ...

On November 29, 1975, a 37-mile (60 km) wide section of the Hilina Slump plunged 11 feet (3 m) into the ocean, widening the crack by 26 feet (8 m). This movement caused a 7.2 magnitude earthquake and a 48 feet (10 m) high tsunami. Oceanfront properties were washed off their foundations in Punaluʻu. Two deaths were reported at Halapē, and 19 other persons were injured. is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The northeast coast of the Big Island has also suffered tsunami damage from earthquakes that triggered waves from Chile and Alaska. Downtown Hilo was severely damaged in 1946 and 1960, with many lives lost. Laupāhoehoe alone lost 16 school children and 5 teachers in the 1946 tsunami. Hilo is the largest town on the island of Hawai‘i, and the county seat of Hawai‘i County, Hawai‘i. ... Laupāhoehoe is a census-designated place located in Hawai‘i County, Hawaii. ...

Demographics

As of 2000, there were 148,677 people, 52,985 households, and 36,877 families residing in the county. The population density was 14/km² (37/mi²). There were 62,674 housing units at an average density of 6/km² (16/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 31.55% White, 0.47% African American, 0.45% Native American, 26.70% Asian, 11.25% Pacific Islander, 1.14% from other races, and 28.44% from two or more races. 9.49% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Native Hawaiians (in Hawaiian, kānaka ōiwi or kānaka maoli) are member[s] or descendant[s] of the indigenous Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands.[2] Native Hawaiians trace their ancestry back to the first Marquesan and Tahitian settlers of Hawaii (possibly as early as AD 400), before the... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... Hispanic Americans (Spanish: Hispano Americano) are Americans of Hispanic ethnicity who largely identify with the Hispanic cultural heritage. ... For the Brazilian pop singer, see Latino (singer). ...

There were 52,985 households out of which 32.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.60% were married couples living together, 13.20% had a woman whose husband did not live with her, and 30.40% were non-families. 23.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.24. Matrimony redirects here. ...

In the county the population was spread out with 26.10% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 26.20% from 25 to 44, 26.00% from 45 to 64, and 13.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 100 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98 males.

Economy

Rainbow on the Big Island

Sugarcane was the backbone of Hawaiʻi Island's economy for more than a century. In the mid-twentieth century, sugar plantations began to downsize and by 1996, the last sugar cane plantation had closed down. Species Saccharum arundinaceum Saccharum bengalense Saccharum edule Saccharum officinarum Saccharum procerum Saccharum ravennae Saccharum robustum Saccharum sinense Saccharum spontaneum Sugarcane or Sugar cane (Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae), native to warm temperate to tropical... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ...

Today, most of Hawaiʻi Island's economy is based on tourism, centered primarily on the leeward (kona) or western coast of the island in the North Kona and South Kohala districts. However, diversified agriculture is a growing sector of the economy of the island. Macadamia nuts, papaya, flowers, tropical and temperate vegetables, and coffee are all important crops. In fact, because of Hawaiʻi Island's reputation for growing beautiful orchids, the island has the nickname "The Orchid Isle." Cattle ranching is also important. The Big Island is home to one of the largest cattle ranches in the United States, Parker Ranch, which is situated on 175,000 acres (708 km²) in and around Kamuela. Astronomy is another industry, with numerous telescopes situated on Mauna Kea owing to the excellent clarity of the atmosphere at its summit and the lack of light pollution. Tourist redirects here. ... Species Macadamia integrifolia Macadamia tetraphylla The macadamia nut is the fruit of a tree native to the east coast of Australia. ... Binomial name L. This article is about the fruit. ... Wildflowers A flower is the reproductive organ of those plants classified as angiosperms ( flowering plants; Division Magnoliophyta). ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... For the usage in virology, see temperate (virology). ... Vegetables on a market Vegetable is a nutritional and culinary term denoting any part of a plant that is commonly consumed by humans as food, but is not regarded as a culinary fruit, nut, herb, spice, or grain. ... For other uses, see Coffee (disambiguation). ... Orchid re-directs here; for alternate uses see Orchid (disambiguation) Genera Over 800 See List of Orchidaceae genera. ... For general information about the genus, including other species of cattle, see Bos. ... Parker Ranch is a working cattle ranch on the Island of Hawaii in the state of Hawaii. ... Waimea is a census-designated place (CDP) in HawaiÊ»i County, HawaiÊ»i, United States. ... Mauna Kea is a dormant volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes which together form the island of Hawaii. ...

Tourist information

The big Island lava flow from the air

The Big Island is famous for its volcanoes. Kīlauea, the most active, has been erupting almost continuously for more than two decades. At the coast where the lava meets the ocean, one can sometimes see billows of white steam rising from off the shoreline. At night, the lava lights up the steam to give an orange glow. When the molten lava makes contact with the ocean, the sea water turns into steam, and the sudden cooling of the lava causes the newly formed lava rocks to explode and crack into small pieces. The broken up lava is further ground into black sands along the shore by the ocean waves. Black sand beaches are common on the Big Island. Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Cleveland Volcano in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska photographed from the International Space Station For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... KÄ«lauea is an active volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five shield volcanoes that together form the Island of Hawaii. ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Black sand is a heavy, weakly magnetic, glossy, semi-metallic mixture of usually fine sands, found as part of a placer deposit. ...

Places of interest

Lehua blossoms (ʻōhiʻa lehua), Hawaiʻi

• Akaka Falls; the second tallest waterfall on the island.
• Amy B. H. Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden houses many endangered Hawaiian plants.
• East Hawaiʻi Cultural Center
• Hawaiʻi Tropical Botanical Garden
• Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park; comprising the active volcanoes Kīlauea and Mauna Loa
• Huliheʻe Palace; a royal palace in Kailua-Kona
• Ka Lae, the southernmost point in the United States
• Manuka State Wayside Park
• Mauna Kea Observatory; Mauna Kea Observatories
• Nani Mau Gardens
• Onizuka Space Center; museum dedicated to the memory of Challenger astronaut Ellison Onizuka
• Pacific Tsunami Museum overlooking Hilo Bay
• Pua Mau Place Arboretum and Botanical Garden
• Puʻuhonua O Hōnaunau National Historical Park
• Rainbow Falls State Park
• Sadie Seymour Botanical Gardens
• University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo Botanical Gardens
• World Botanical Gardens
• Waipi'o Valley

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 399 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (533 × 800 pixel, file size: 292 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 399 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (533 × 800 pixel, file size: 292 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... ‘Akaka Falls on Kolekole Stream ‘Akaka Falls State Park is a state park in Hawai‘i, located 11 miles north from Hilo (at the end of County Rte. ... The Amy B. H. Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden (15 acres) is a botanical garden operated by the Bishop Museum and located near Captain Cook, Hawaii on Hawaii (island). ... Hawaiian could refer to the Hawaiian language the native Hawaiian people within Hawaii. ... The East Hawaii Cultural Center is a Hilo, Hawaii-based cultural center that has regular art exhibits and holds workshops and classes. ... The Hawaii Tropical Botanical Garden (17 acres) is a nonprofit botanical garden and nature preserve located off Route 19 at 27-717 Old Mamalahoa Highway, Pāpaikou, Hawaii (island), Hawaii. ... HawaiÊ»i Volcanoes National Park, established in 1916, displays the results of hundreds of thousands of years of volcanism, migration, and evolution—processes that thrust a bare land from the sea and clothed it with complex and unique ecosystems and a distinct human culture. ... HuliheÊ»e Palace on the water at Kailua-Kona The HuliheÊ»e Palace is located in historic Kailua-Kona, HawaiÊ»i, on AliÊ»i Drive. ... Motto Ua mau ke ea o ka āina i ka pono Anthem Hawaii Ponoi Kingdom of Hawaii Capital Lahaina (until 1845) Honolulu (from 1845) Language(s) Hawaiian, English Government Constitutional monarchy Monarch  - 1795–1819 Kamehameha I  - 1891–1893 Liliuokalani Provisional Government  - 1893-1894 Committee of Safety History  - Inception 1795  - Unification... Ka Lae, also known as South Point, is the southernmost point on the island of Hawaii and the state of Hawaii, and is also the southernmost point in the United States, at an approximate latitude of nineteen degrees north. ... The Manuka State Wayside Park (13. ... The Observatories at Mauna Kea are an independent collection of the worlds premier astronomical research facilities, located on the summit of Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii, USA. The facilities are located in a 500-acre special land use zone known as the Astronomy Precinct, which... Nani Mau Gardens (20 acres) are commercial botanical gardens located at 421 Makalika Street, Hilo, Hawaii (island), Hawaii. ... Space Shuttle Challenger (NASA Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099) was NASAs second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service, Columbia being the first. ... Ellison Shoji Onizuka (June 24, 1946 - January 28, 1986) was an American astronaut from Kealakekua, Kona, Hawaii who died during the destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger, where he was serving as mission specialist on mission STS-51-L. // Early life Ellison Onizuka was the oldest son and second... Pacific Tsunami Museum is a Hilo, Hawaii-based museum dedicated to the history of the 1946 and 1960 tsunamis that devastated much of the east coast of the Big Island, especially Hilo. ... Pua Mau Place Arboretum and Botanical Garden (45 acres) is an early-stage, nonprofit arboretum and botanical garden located off Highway 270 at 10 Ala Kahua, Kawaihae, on the dry slopes of the Kohala Mountain Range on Hawaii (island), Hawaii. ... Pu‘uhonua o Hōnaunau National Historic Park, also known as the City of Refuge is located on the Island of Hawai‘i in the Hawaiian Islands. ... This article is about national parks. ... The Sadie Seymour Botanical Gardens (1. ... The University of Hawaii at Hilo Botanical Gardens are botanical gardens on the University of Hawaii at Hilo campus, located at 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii (island), Hawaii. ... World Botanical Gardens and Umauma Falls are commercial botanical gardens with a large waterfall, located in Umauma, 1/2 mile off Highway 19 (near mile marker 16), north of Hilo, Hawaii (island), Hawaii. ... Waipio Valley is a valley located in the Hamakua District of the Big Island of Hawaii. ...

Cities and towns

Map of Hawaii with cities

Captain Cook is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hawaii County, Hawaii, in the United States. ... Halaula is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Hawaiian Ocean View is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Hawi is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Hilo (pronounced ) is a coastal census-designated place (CDP) in the State of Hawaii, and is the largest community on the Island of Hawaii and the second largest city in the state. ... Holualoa is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Honalo is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Honaunau-Napoopoo is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Honokaa is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Honomu is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Kahaluu-Keauhou is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... For the town in Oahu, see Kailua, Hawaii. ... Kalaoa is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... One of the over 100 houses destroyed by the lava flow in 1990 Kalapana is a town on the Island of Hawai‘i in the Hawaiian Islands that was completely destroyed and partly buried by the eruptive flow of lava from Kīlauea volcano in 1990. ... Kapaau is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Keaau is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Ainaloa is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Hawaiian Paradise Park is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Orchidlands Estates is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Kealakekua is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Kukuihaele is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ... Kurtistown is a census-designated place located in Hawaii County, Hawaii. ...

Colleges and universities

• University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo
• University of the Nations
• Hawaiʻi Community College

The University of Hawaii at Hilo is one of ten branches of the University of Hawaii System anchored by the University of Hawaii at Mānoa in Honolulu, Hawaii. ... The University of the Nations (U of N) is a Christian university providing coursework in over 50 languages at over 300 locations throughout the world. ... Categories: Stub | Universities and colleges in Hawaii ...

Transportation

Two airports serve Hawaii Island:

• Hilo International Airport
• Kona International Airport

Hilo International Airport (IATA: ITO, ICAO: PHTO), formerly General Lyman Field, is a public airport of the State of Hawaii in Hawaii County two miles east of the unincorporated city of Hilo. ... Kona International Airport at Keahole (IATA: KOA, ICAO: PHKO) is an airport on the Island of Hawai‘i, Hawai‘i. ...

References

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Further reading

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	Learning resources

• MacDonald, G. A., and A. T. Abbott. 1970. Volcanoes in the Sea. Univ. of Hawaiʻi Press, Honolulu. 441 pages.

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiversity-logo-Snorky. ...

External links

• The West Hawaii Today
• Hawaii Tribune-Herald - East Hawai‘i Newspaper
• Hawaii Weather Today - Glenn's daily Weather Narrative
• Pacific Disaster Center - The Source for Daily Pacific Disaster News

v • d • e   State of Hawaii Honolulu (capital) Topics Culture · Geography · Government · History · Music · Politics · People Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the U.S. State. ... For the city and county of Honolulu, see City & County of Honolulu. ... Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, site of first U.S. capital. ... . This is a list of Hawaii-related topics: List of Governors of Hawaii List of movies set in Hawaii List of people from Hawaii List of counties in Hawaii List of rivers in Hawaii List of Hawaiian State Highways List of Hawaiian state parks Contents: Top - 0-9 A B... Traditional Polynesian dancers performing near Waikiki beach, on Oahu. ... The history of Hawaii includes phases of early Polynesian settlement, British discovery, Euro-American and Asian immigration, the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy, a brief period of existing as a Republic, and admission to the United States as a territory and then a state. ... The music of Hawaii includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. ... // History and Current Issues This only covers the history of the politics of the State of Hawaii. ... Main Islands Hawaiʻi · Kahoʻolawe · Kauaʻi · Lānaʻi · Maui · Molokaʻi · Niʻihau · Oʻahu Map of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of islands that stretches 1,500 mi (2,400 km) in a northwesterly direction from the southern tip of the Island of Hawaii. ... Kaho‘olawe is the smallest of the 8 main volcanic islands in the Hawaiian Islands. ... Kauai (in standard Hawaiian pronounced ; in Kauai-Niihau dialect, ; usually spelled Kauai outside the Hawaiian Islands and pronounced or [2]) is the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands. ... LānaÊ»i (IPA: ) is the sixth-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. ... For other uses, see Maui (disambiguation). ... MolokaÊ»i as viewed from KaÊ»anapali, Maui MolokaÊ»i (also Molokai) is the fifth largest island of the Hawaiian archipelago. ... Niihau is the smallest of the inhabited Hawaiian Islands in the U.S. State of HawaiÊ»i, having an area of 179. ... OÊ»ahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English), the Gathering Place, is the third largest of the Hawaiian Islands and most populous island in the State of HawaiÊ»i. ... Northwestern Islands French Frigate Shoals · Gardner · Kure · Laysan · Lisianski · Maro Reef · Necker · Nihoa · Pearl and Hermes The Hawaiian island chain. ... Map of French Frigate Shoals The French Frigate Shoals (Hawaiian: Mokupāpapa) is the largest atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. ... The guano-coated Gardner Pinnacles The Gardner Pinnacles (Hawaiian: PÅ«hāhonu) are two barren rock outcrops surrounded by a reef and located 946 km (588 miles) northwest of Honolulu in the Hawaiian Islands at . ... Satellite image of Kure Atoll Kure Atoll or Ocean Island (Hawaiian: Kānemiloha‘i) lies some 55 miles beyond Midway Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands at . ... Laysan is in the middle of the leeward island chain. ... View of Lisianski Island Lisianski Island (Hawaiian: Papa‘āpoho) is one of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, with a land area of 1. ... Maro Reef (Hawaiian: Nalukakala) is a largely submerged coral atoll located in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. ... On top of Mokumanamana Necker Island (Hawaiian: Mokumanamana) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean, 13 km (8 miles) north of the Tropic of Cancer, located at . ... Devils Slide The cliffs of Tanager Peak, looking east from Miller Peak. ... Landsat Satellite image of the atoll. ... Communities Hilo · Honolulu · Kahului · Kāneʻohe · Waipahu · Līhuʻe · Pearl City The following list includes the various geographical populated places in Hawaii Unincorporated Communities The following is the list of unincorporated communities in Hawaii NOTE: Hawaii has NO incorporated places Aiea, Hawaii Aina Haina, Hawaii Alakea, Hawaii Anachoomlu, Hawaii Cape Smith, Hawaii Capehart, Hawaii Captain Cook, Hawaii Ewa, Hawaii Ewa Beach... Hilo (pronounced ) is a coastal census-designated place (CDP) in the State of Hawaii, and is the largest community on the Island of Hawaii and the second largest city in the state. ... For the city and county of Honolulu, see City & County of Honolulu. ... Kahului is the largest town on the Hawaiian island of Maui and is located along the north shore of central Maui. ... Kāne‘ohe is a town and census-designated place (CDP) included in the City & County of Honolulu and located in state District of Ko‘olaupoko on the Island of O‘ahu. ... Waipahu is a former sugar mill town and now census-designated place (CDP) located in the ‘Ewa District on the Island of O‘ahu in the City & County of Honolulu, Hawai‘i. ... Cruise ship docked in Port of Nāwiliwili LÄ«hu‘e is the largest town on the Hawaiian Island of Kaua‘i in Hawai‘i. ... Pearl City is town and a census-designated place (CDP) located in the ‘Ewa District and City & County of Honolulu on the Island of Oahu. ... Counties Hawaiʻi · Honolulu · Kalawao · Kauaʻi · Maui Hawaii counties The five counties of Hawaii on the Hawaiian Islands enjoy somewhat greater status than many counties on the United States mainland. ... Hawaii County is a county located in the U.S. state of Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands. ... Location in the state of Hawaii Formed Seat Honolulu Area  - Total  - Water 5,509 km² (2,127 mi²) 3,955 km² (1,527 mi²) 71. ... Kalawao County is a county located in the state of Hawaii. ... Kauai County is a county located in the state of Hawai‘i. ... Maui County is a county located in the state of Hawaii. ...

Coordinates: 19°34′N, 155°30′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

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