Hawiye is a Somali clan whose members live in central and southern Somalia, in larger numbers in Kenya and Ethiopia, and in smaller numbers in other countries. Like many Somalis, Hawiye members trace their ancestry to Irir Samaale. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and Human Rights Watch indicate that Hawiye is the largest Somali clan.^[1][2] Other sources, including the Canadian Report of the Somalia Commission of Inquiry, indicate that the Darod is the largest Somali clan.^[3][4] As of 2007, Hawiye is the dominant clan in the Somali capital, Mogadishu.^[5] This 2002 CIA map shows the distribution of Somali clan populations across the Somali homelands, and their percentages within Somalia: Hawiye (25%), Isaaq (22%), Darod (20%), Rahanweyn (17%), Dir (7%), Digil (3%), and ethnic minorities (6%) Somali clan refers to the clan grouping of the Somali people. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... CIA redirects here. ... Human Rights Watch Banner Human Rights Watch is a United States-based international non-government organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ... The Darod (Somali language: Darood, or Daarood) is a Somali clan. ... Mogadishu (Somali: Muqdisho, popularly Xamar; Arabic: ; Italian: ) is the largest city in Somalia, and its capital. ...

History

The first reference to the Hawiye dates to the 13th century writings of the Arab geographer, Ibn Sa'id, who describes Merca as the "capital of Hawiye country". The 12th century cartographer Muhammad al-Idrisi may have referred to the Hawiye as well, as he called Merca the region of the "Hadiye", which Herbert S. Lewis believes is a scribal error for "Hawiye", as do Guilliani, Schleicher, and Cerulli.^[6] For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... Merca (also Marka or Merka or Marca) is a port city in southern Somalia on the Indian Ocean. ... Al-Idrisis world map from 1154. ...

Al Jazeera News reported on 13 April 2007 that senior Hawiye leaders declared war on the Ethiopian Army, which is positioned inside Somalia, and called upon their fellow Somalis to join them.^[7] Al Jazeera logo Al Jazeera (الجزيرة), meaning The Island or The (Arabian) Peninsula (whence also Algiers) is an Arabic television channel based in Qatar. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) has approximately 100,000 personnel, which makes it one of the largest military forces in Africa. ...

Hawiye sub-clans

Subclans of the Hawiye include:^[8]

• Abgaal
• Ajuran
• Baadicadde
• Degodia
• Duduble
• Fiqishini
• Gaaljecel
• Garre
• Gidir Karanle
• Gorgaarte
• Habar Gidir
• Hawadle
• Hiilebi
• Hintire
• Hobay
• Iilawaay
• Jajeele
• Jiidle
• Kaariye Karanle
• Karanle
• Mariixaan Gorgaarte
• Masare
• Maxamad Gorgaarte
• Mayle Gorgaarte
• Moobleen
• Murule
• Murusade
• Raaranle
• Reer Cabdiraxmaan
• Reer Gasar
• Reer Gedow
• Reer Isse or (Garjante)
• Sheekhaal
• Silcis
• Sixawle Karanle
• Udeejeen
• Wacdaan
• Wacweytan
• Wadalaan
• Xaskul

The Abgaal are a Somali clan and are part of the Hawiye. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Main article: Somali clan The Baadicadde is a Somali clan of Gugudhabe and a component of the larger Hawiye clan. ... Degodia (Somali: ) is Somali subclan and branch of Gugudhabe, which in turn is part of larger Hawiye clan they are biggest hawiye group in Kenya. ... Duduble is a Somali clan that is member of the Hiraab clan, part of the larger Hawiye that inhabit the Galguduud,banaadir and gado region of Somalia and the Somali Region of Ethiopia. ... The Fiqishini are a Somali clan that belong to the larger Hawiye clan. ... The Gaaljecel are a Somali clan that belong to the larger saransoor clan. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... The Habar Gedir (also Habar Gidir or Habr Gidr) is a Somali clan, part of the larger Hawiye group. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Hiilebi Darandoole Mudulood is a Somali clan that is member of the Hawiye and inhabit the Shabeellaha Hoose and Shabeellaha Dhexe regions of Somalia. ... The Hintire are a subclan of the Hawiye, a Somali clan found in Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia, and other African countries. ... Iilawaay Cismaan Darandoole Mudulod is a Somali clan that is member of the Hawiye and inhabits the Shabeellaha Hoose and Shabeellaha Dhexe regions of Somalia. ... Moobleen or Moobleen Cisman is somali clan that munber of hawiye, they live in Mogadishu, Shabeellaha Dhexe and Shabeellaha Hoose. ... Murule, are Somali people with origins from a branch of Hawiye clan of the larger Somalia, living at the tip of the Kenyas North Eastern province, bordering Ethiopia and Somalia. ... The Murusade clan (alternative called Heradid) is a subclan of the larger Hawiye clan and are one of the four largest sub-clans. ... Raaranle is Somali clan one of the six sons of Hawiye they live in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. ... Reer Gedow is somali clan they are contain a large number of Hawiya they live in Shubo and Gumaare in gode today part of Ethiopia. ... Sheikhal (var. ... Silcis (also known as Silcis Gorgaarte or Silcis Gorgaarte Hawiye) is a Somali clan family that belongs to the larger Hawiye clan. ... Udeejeen or Udeejeen ciise is a Somalia Clan that is member of the Hawiye, that inhabits the Mogadishu, Hiiraan and Somali Regions of Ethiopia. ... Wacdaan or Wacdaan Cismaan is a Somali Clan that is memeber of the Hawiye, that inhabits Lower Shabelle and Banaadir regions of Somalia. ... Wadalaan or Wadalaan Gorgaarte Hawiye is a Somali Clan that is memeber of the Hawiye, that inhabits Lower Shabelle region of Somalia Categories: | ... Xaskul is Somali clan one of the six sons of Hawiye they live in Hiiraan region in Somalia and the Somali Region of Ethiopia Awsan Idin Criid Categories: | | | | | ...

Notable Hawiye people

Literature

• Abdi Bashiir Indhobuur, poet and composer who wrote many famous patriotic songs

Abdi Bashiir Indhobuur was a well known Somali poet and songwriter. ...

Hawiye warlords

• Musa Sudi Yalahow, Somali warlord who served as Trade Minister in the Transitional Government of Ali Mohammed Ghedi
• Omar Muhamoud Finnish, leader of a splinter movement of the United Somali Congress/Somali Salvation Alliance
• Mohamed Omar Habeb Dhere, Somali warlord, governor and mayor of Banadir and Mogadishu
• Osman Ali Atto, Hawiye:Habar Gedir:Sacad; SNA; appointed Minister of Public Works and Housing; resigned on July 27, 2006 with the victory of the Islamic Courts Union in the Second Battle of Mogadishu.
• Yusuf Mohammed Siad Inda'ade was an Islamist member of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) in Somalia, and serves as the ICU's head of security affairs.
• Hussein Mohamed Farrah, Somali warlord Former President of Somalia; leader of SNA and SRRC; Deputy Prime Minister; former Interior Minister; moved to Minister of Public Works and Housing in February 2007
• Abdi Hasan Awale Qeybdiid, a Somali militia leader, or warlord, affiliated with the Somali National Alliance and a member of the Habar Gedir clan

Muse Sudi Yalahow (Somali: ) is a Somali warlord who served as Trade Minister in the Transitional Government of Ali Mohammed Ghedi. ... Omar Muhamoud Finnish (sometimes Filish) is a Mogadishu-based warlord. ... Mohamed Omar Habeb, also known as Mohamed Dhere, is a Somali warlord based out of the city of Jowhar. ... Osman Hassan Ali Atto (also Ato) is a prominent Somali businessman and politician, affiliated with the Somali National Alliance. ... Shaykh Yusuf Mohammed Siad Indaade (also Siyaad Indho-adde, Inda Ade, or Indohaadde) is an Islamist member of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) in Somalia, and serves as the ICUs head of security affairs. ... Hussein Mohamed Farrah (Somali: ; born August 16, 1962 in Beledweyne, Somalia) is the son of Mohamed Farrah Aidid. ... Abdi Hasan Awale or Abdi Qeybdiid (Somali: ) is a Somali militia leader, or warlord. ...

Military

• General Daud Abdulle Hirsi, the first Somali with the rank of general in the first Somali Army

General Daud Abdulle Hirsi was the first Somalia military man with an academic background. ...

Political

• Nur Hassan Hussein Prime Minister of the Transitional Federal Government.
• Abdullahi Issa, Prime minister of Somalia 1949–1960, chairman of the Somali Youth League political party.
• Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, the first president of Somalia 1960–1967
• Haji Farah Ali Omar, the first Somali finance minister (1960–1969) and the inventor of the Somali five shilling
• Ali Shido Abdi, one the earliest members of SYL and former vice chairman.
• Bonaya Godana,Minister of Foreign Affairs, Kenya, 1998 - 2001.
• Abdullahi Ahmed Addou, ambassador to the United States (1970-1980), finance minister (1980-1984)
• Ali Mahdi Muhammad, interim president of Somalia
• Mohamed Farrah Aidid, chairman of United Somali Congress and the Somali National Alliance
• Mohamed Afrah Qanyare, Member of Parliament, current chairperson of the United Somali Congress, came third at the Somali presidential elections in Kenya in October 2004
• Abdiqasim Salad Hassan, former president, 2000-2004
• Ali Mohammed Ghedi, Prime Minister of Somalia since 2004
• Sharif Ahmed, leader of Islamic Courts of Somalia
• Ibrahim Hassan Addou, foreign minister for the Islamic Courts of Somalia

Nur Hassan Hussein is a politician that has been chosen to be the Prime Minister of Somalia by Somali President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed. ... Abdullahi Issa Abdullahi Issa Mohamud was born in 1922 at Afgoi. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Haji Farah Ali Omar (Somali: Xaaji Faarax Cali Cumar) was born in the city of Obbia in the Mudug region of Somalia in 1907. ... Ali Shido Omar (Somali: Cali Shido Cabdi) was a senior Somali politican and elder. ... Bonaya Adhi Godana (born September 2, 1952 in Dukana, Kenya died April 10, 2006 in Marsabit, Kenya) was the foreign minister of Kenya from January 1998 until 2001. ... Abdullahi Ahmed Addou( Somali: Cabdilaahi Axmed Caddoow ) is a senior Somali politician and diplomat. ... Ali Mahdi Muhammad (born 1938) was president of Somalia from January (when Mohammed Farah Aidid removed the then president Mohamed Siad Barre) to November of 1991, but was not able in that time to exert control over the country. ... General Mohamed Farrah Aidid (Somali: ; December 15, 1934 – August 1, 1996) was a controversial Somali leader, often described as a warlord[1]. He was the chairman of United Somali Congress (USC) and later Somali National Alliance (SNA) who drove Mohamed Siad Barre’s dictatorial regime from the capital, Mogadishu and... Mohamed Afrah Qanyare, who is also known as Mohamed Qanyare, Mohamed Qanyare Afrah or Maxamed Qanyare Afrax (born c. ... Abdiqasim Salad Hassan (Somali: ,[1] (b. ... Ali Mohammed Ghedi A TRAITOR-WHOS LAST DAYS ARE NEAR Ali Mohammed Ghedi or Mohammed Ali Ghedi (Somali: ) (born 1951) is the Prime Minister of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia. ... Chairman of the ICU, Sharif Ahmed. ... Professor Ibrahim Hassan Addou (Somali: Ibraahin Xasan Caddoow) (M.Ed, PHD) is the head of foreign affairs department for the Islamic Courts of Somalia. ...

Traditional rule

• Olol Diinle, Sultan of Ajuran

Olol Diinle was one the last powerfull kings of the Ajuran dynasty that ruled much of the present day central and southern Somalia and eastern Ethiopia or western Somalia. ...

Political factions and organizations

• United Somali Congress (USC) Formed in 1989, it played a key role in the ouster of the government of Siad Barre
• Somali National Alliance (SNA) formed by Mohamed Farrah Aidid
• Somali Salvation Army, the Ali Mahdi Muhammad branch of the United Somali Congress
• Juba Valley Alliance (JVA), primary opponent of the Somali Patriotic Movement
• Islamic Courts Union (ICU), a rival administration to the Transitional Federal Government.
• Hizbul Shabaab, the Youth Movement wing of the ICU before ceding the organisation to Aden Hashi Farah "Eyrow".
• Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counter-Terrorism, (ARPCT) a Somali alliance created by various warlords and businesspeople
• The Democratic Union Party (DUP), has supporters in the area of Negele Boran in the Borena Zone, with the majority of the Hawiye/Degodia clan heading the party

The United Somali Congress is a politico-military organization in Somalia based around the Habr Gidr clan (itself part of the larger Hawiye clan). ... Mohamed Siad Barre (Somali: Maxamed Siyaad Barre) (1919 – January 2, 1995) was the Head of State of Somalia from 1969 to 1991. ... The Somali National Alliance was a political alliance formed in June, 1992 with Mohamed Farrah Aidid as its head. ... Ali Mahdi Muhammad (born 1938) was president of Somalia from January (when Mohammed Farah Aidid removed the then president Mohamed Siad Barre) to November of 1991, but was not able in that time to exert control over the country. ... Jubaland (Somali: Jubbaland) or Juba Valley (Somali: Dooxada Jubba), formerly Trans-Juba (Italian: ), is the southwesternmost part of Somalia, on the far side of the Juba River (thus Trans-Juba), bordering on Kenya. ... Motto: none Anthem: none Capital formerly Mogadishu and Kismayu Largest city n/a Official languages Somali and Arabic Government Sharia Krytocracy  - Executive Chairman Sharif Sheikh Ahmed  - Shura Chairman Hassan Dahir Aweys Civil War Faction Has not declared autonomy or independence   - Established June 6th 2006 in Mogadishu  Area  - Total not finalized... Hizbul Shabaab (Arabic, The Party of Youth)[1] or Al-Shabaab (Arabic, The Youth) is the militant youth movement wing of the Islamic Courts Union, and described as an extremist splinter group. ... Aden Hashi Farah Eyrow (also spelled Ayrow) is a leader of the Hizbul Shabaab, the youth movement of the Somali Islamic Courts Union (ICU). ... The Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counter-Terrorism (ARPCT) is a Somali alliance made by powerfull warlords and businesspeople, while some of them were ministers in the transitional federal government of Somalia. ... Negele Boran (or Neghelle) is a town in southern Ethiopia. ... Borena (or Borana) is one of the 12 zones of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. ... Degodia (Somali: ) is Somali subclan and branch of Gugudhabe, which in turn is part of larger Hawiye clan they are biggest hawiye group in Kenya. ...

Notes

1. ^ Central Intelligence Agency (2002). Ethnic Groups. Somalia Summary Map. Retrieved on February 15, 2006.
2. ^ Human Rights Watch (1990). Somalia: Human Rights Developments. Human Rights Watch World Report 1990. Retrieved on November 21, 2005.
3. ^ The Situation in Somalia. Report of the Somali Commission of Inquiry, Vol. 1. Retrieved on November 21, 2005.
4. ^ Somalia Assesment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure, Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain
5. ^ "'Truce' after Somali gun battle", BBC News, 2007-03-23. Retrieved on 2007-04-13. 
6. ^ Herbert S. Lewis, "The Origins of the Galla and Somali", in The Journal of African History. Cambridge University Press, 1966, pp 27–30.
7. ^ "Somali clan 'at war' with Ethiopia"
8. ^ World Bank (January 2005). Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics (PDF). Appendix 2: Lineage Charts 56-57. Retrieved on June 15, 2006.