This article is part of the series on: Image File history File links COA_of_Greece. ... History of Greek art Greece has a rich and varied artistic history, spanning some 5000 years and beginning in the Cycladic and Minoan prehistorical civilization, giving birth to Western classical art in the ancient period (further developing this during the Hellenistic Period), to taking in the influences of Eastern civilisations and the new religion...

Prehistoric Greece

Cycladic art - Minoan art - Mycenean art - Protogeometric Art - Cycladic art is the art and sculpture of the ancient Cycladic civilization, existing in the islands of the Aegean Sea from 3300 - 2000 BCE. Art mainly manifested itself in the form of marble idols, often used as offerings to the dead. ... The Minoan civilization was a bronze age civilization which arose on Crete, an island in the Aegean Sea. ... The Mycenean Period covers the latter part of the Bronze Age on the Greek mainland. ... The Protogeometric style is a pottery type associated with the Greek Dark Ages. ... Geometric art Dipylon Vase Geometric Art is a phase of Greek art, characterised largely by geometric motives in vase painting, that flourished towards the end of the Greek Dark Ages, circa 900 BCE to 800 BCE. Its centre was in Athens, and it was diffused amongst the trading cities of the Aegean...

Art in Ancient Greece

Archaic Greek art - Classical Greek Art - Hellenistic Art - Greco-Buddhist art - The art of ancient Greece has exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries from ancient times until the present, particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture. ... The archaic period in Greece is the period during which the ancient Greek city-states developed, and is normally taken to cover roughly the 9th century to the 6th century BCE. The Archaic period followed the dark ages, and saw significant advancements in political theory, and the rise of democracy... Parthenon This article is on the term Classical Greece itself. ... The Hellenistic period of Greek history was the period between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the Greek peninsula and islands by Rome in 146 BC. Although the establishment of Roman rule did not break the continuity of Hellenistic society and culture, which... Gandhara Buddha, 1st-2nd century CE. Greco-Buddhist art is the artistic manifestation of Greco-Buddhism, a cultural syncretism between the Classical Greek culture and Buddhism, which developed over a period of close to 1000 years in Central Asia, between the conquests of Alexander the Great in the 4th century... Greek Art in Roman times Roman Greece is the period of Greek history following the Roman victory over the Corinthians at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC until the reestablishment of the city of Byzantium and the naming of the city by Emperor Constantine I as the capital of the Roman Empire (as Nova...

Medieval Greece

Byzantine art - Macedonian art

Post-Byzantine Greece

Art in Ottoman Greece - Cretan School - Heptanese School The most famous of the surviving Byzantine mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople - the image of Christ Pantocrator on the walls of the upper southern gallery. ... An example of Macedonian ivorywork: the Harbaville Triptych, now in the Louvre, Paris. ... Greece was part of the Ottoman Empire from the 14th century until its declaration of independence in 1821. ... The term Cretan School describes an important school of icon painting, also known as Post-Byzantine art, which flourished while Crete was under Venetian rule during the late Middle Ages, reaching its climax after the Fall of Constantinople, becoming the central force in Greek painting during the fifteenth, sixteenth and... The Heptanese School of painting (Greek: ) or Ionian Island School is the first artistic movement in Greece that was shaped by Western European artistic influences which appeared in the Ionian islands in the middle of the 17th century until the middle of the 19th century[1]. // The Ionian islands or...

Modern Greece

Art in modern Greece - Munich School Contemporary Greek Art Modern Greek Art is the term used to describe Greek art during the period between the emergence of the new independent Greek state and the 20th century. ... The Munich School (Greek: ) or academic realism is the most important artistic movement of Greek Art in the 19th century with strong influences from the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Munich (German: )[1]. // The creation of romantic art in Greece can be explained mainly due to the particular relationships... Contemporary Greek Art is defined as the art produced by Greek artists after World War II. // Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) was a great abstract expressionism art from Lefkas that lived and worked in New York in the 40s and 50s. ...

The art of the Hellenistic period has long been the victim of the relative disdain attached to the period. Cessavit deinde ars ("then art disappeared") remarks Pliny the Elder in his Natural History (XXXIV, 52), after having described the sculpture of the classical period. However, a number of the best-known works of Greek art belong to this period, such as Laocoön of the Vatican and Venus de Milo, as well as Winged Victory of Samothrace. This article is about the philosophical concept of Art. ... The Hellenistic period (4th - 1st c. ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ... Naturalis Historia, 1669 edition, title page. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Greek statue. ... The statue of Laocoön and His Sons, also called the Laocoön Group, is a monumental marble sculpture, now in the Vatican Museums, Rome. ... Not to be confused with the group of prehistoric statuettes known as Venus figurines. ... The Winged Victory of Samothrace The Winged Victory of Samothrace, also called Nike of Samothrace, is a marble sculpture of the Greek goddess Nike (Victory), discovered in 1863 on the island of Samothrace (Greek: Σαμοθρακη, Samothraki) by the French consul and amateur archaeologist Charles Champoiseau. ...

The renewal of the historiographic approach as well as some recent discoveries, such as the tombs of Vergina, allow a better appreciation of this period's artistic richness. Location of Aigéai/Vergina in Greece. ...

One thing which must be remembered, however, is that the term Hellenistic is a modern invention; the Hellenistic World not only included a huge area covering the whole of the Aegean, rather than the Classical Greece focused on the Poleis of Athens and Sparta, but also a huge time range. In artistic terms this means that there is huge variety which is often put under the heading of Hellenistic Art for convenience sake and because it has traditionally been seen as the poor cousin of the Golden Age of Classical Athens. This has also led to the 18th Century terms Baroque and Rococo being applied, inappropriately, to this complex and individual period. The Hellenistic period (4th - 1st c. ... Parthenon This article is on the term Classical Greece itself. ... A polis (πολις) — plural: poleis (πολεις) — is a city, or a city-state. ... This article is about the capital of Greece. ... For other uses see Sparta (disambiguation). ... Parthenon This article is on the term Classical Greece itself. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Baroque art is the painting and sculpture associated with the Baroque cultural movement, a movement often identified with Absolutism and the Counter Reformation; the existence of important Baroque art and architecture in non-absolutist and Protestant states, however, undercuts this linking. ... North side of the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo - carriage courtyard: all the stucco details sparkled with gold until 1773, when Catherine II had gilding replaced with olive drab paint. ...

Architecture

Pergamon Altar, Pergamon Museum, Berlin

One of the defining characteristics of the Hellenistic period was the division of Alexander the Great's empire into smaller dynastic empires founded by the diadochi: the Ptolemies in Egypt, the Seleucids in Mesopotamia and Syria, the Attalids in Pergamon, etc. Each of these dynasties practiced a royal patronage which differed from those of the city-states. In the architectural field, this resulted in vast urban plans and large complexes which had mostly disappeared from city-states by the 5th century BC. This city planning was quite innovative for the Greek world; rather than manipulating space by correcting its defaults, building plans conformed to the natural setting. One notes the appearance of many places of amusement and leisure, notably the multiplication of theatres and parks. The Hellenistic monarchies were advantaged in this regard in that they often had vast spaces where they could build large cities: such as Antioch, Pergamon, and Seleucia on the Tigris. Download high resolution version (1024x630, 227 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1024x630, 227 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The front of the Pergamon Altar, as it is reconstructed in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. ... The Pergamon Museum The Pergamon Museum (in German, Pergamonmuseum) is one of the museums on the Museum Island in Berlin. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... The Hellenistic period (4th - 1st c. ... For the film of the same name, see Alexander the Great (1956 film). ... In general Diadochi (in Greek Διάδοχοι, transcripted Diadochoi) means successors, such that the neoplatonic refounders of Platos Academy in Late Antiquity referred to themselves as diadochi (of Plato). ... cleopatra ruled seneca for 10 years before she ruled Egypt. ... The Seleucid Empire was a Hellenistic successor state of Alexander the Greats dominion. ... Mesopotamia was a cradle of civilization geographically located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern-day Iraq. ... The Attalid dynasty was a Hellenistic dynasty that ruled the city of Pergamon after the death of Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great. ... View of the reconstructed Temple of Trajan at Pergamon Sketched reconstruction of ancient Pergamon Pergamon or Pergamum (Greek: Πέργαμος, modern day Bergama in Turkey, ) was an ancient Greek city, in Mysia, north-western Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river... A polis (πόλις, pronunciation pol-is) plural: poleis (πόλεις) is a city, a city-state and also citizenship and body of citizens. ... For other uses of Greek Theatre, see Greek theatre (disambiguation). ... This is about one of the cities called Antioch in Asia Minor, now Turkey. ... View of the reconstructed Temple of Trajan at Pergamon Sketched reconstruction of ancient Pergamon Pergamon or Pergamum (Greek: Πέργαμος, modern day Bergama in Turkey, ) was an ancient Greek city, in Mysia, north-western Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river... The name Seleucia may denote any one of several cities in the Seleucid Empire. ...

Pergamon in particular is a characteristic example of Hellenistic architecture. Starting from a simple fortress located on the Acropolis, the various Attalid kings set up a colossal architectural complex. The buildings are fanned out around the Acropolis to take into account the nature of the terrain. The agora, located to the south on the lowest terrace, is bordered by galleries with colonnades or stoai. It is the beginning of a street which crosses the entire Acropolis: it separates the administrative, political and military buildings on the east and top of the rock from the sanctuaries to the west, at mid-height, among which the most prominent is that which shelters the monumental Pergamon Altar, known as "of the twelve gods" or "of the gods and of the giants", one of the masterpieces of Greek sculpture. A colossal theatre, able to contain nearly 10,000 spectators, has benches embedded in the flanks of the hill. Acropolis (Gr. ... The Attalid dynasty was a Greek dynasty that ruled the city of Pergamon after the death of Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great. ... Stoa of the ancient agora de Thessaloniki An agora (αγορά), translatable as marketplace, was a public space and an essential part of an ancient Greek polis or city-state. ... The front of the Pergamon Altar, as it is reconstructed in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. ...

It was the time of gigantism: thus it was for the second temple of Apollo at Didyma, situated twenty kilometers from Miletus in Ionia. It was designed by Daphnis of Miletus and Paionios of Ephesus at the end of the fourth century BC, but the construction, never completed, was carried out up until the 2nd century AD. The sanctuary is one of the largest ever constructed in the Mediterranean region: inside a vast court (21.7 metres by 53.6 metres), the cella is surrounded by a double colonnade of 108 Ionic columns nearly 20 metres tall, with richly sculpted bases and capitals. For other uses, see Apollo (disambiguation). ... Didymaion, Didim Didyma was an ancient Ionian city, the modern Didim, Turkey. ... The lower half of the benches and the remnants of the scene building of the theater of Miletus (August 2005) Miletus (Carian: Anactoria Hittite: Milawata or Millawanda, Greek: Μίλητος transliterated Miletos, Turkish: Milet) was an ancient city on the western coast of Anatolia (in what is now Aydin Province, Turkey), near... Location of Ionia Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also list of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (in present-day Turkey, the region nearest İzmir,) on the Aegean Sea. ... For the town in the southern United States, see Ephesus, Georgia. ... Temple layout with cella highlighted A cella (from Latin for small chamber) or naos (from the Greek for temple), is the inner chamber of a temple in classical architecture, or a shop facing the street in domestic Roman architecture (see domus). ... Architects first real look at the Greek Ionic order: Julien David LeRoy, Les ruines plus beaux des monuments de la Grèce Paris, 1758 (Plate XX) The Ionic order forms one of the three orders or organizational systems of classical architecture, the other two canonic orders being the Doric and... A capital of the Composite order In Western architecture, the capital (from the Latin caput, head) forms the crowning member of the column, which projects on each side as it rises, in order to support the abacus and unite the square form of the latter with the circular shaft. ...

Sculpture

Barberini Faun, marble copy of a bronze original, around 200 BC, The Glyptothek, Munich

Hellenistic sculpture repeats the innovations of the second classicism: perfect sculpture in the round, allowing the statue to be admired from all angles; study of draping and effects of transparency of clothing; suppleness of poses. Thus, Venus de Milo, even while echoing a classic model, is distinguished by the twist of her hips. One seeks, above all, expressivity and atmosphere. This search is particularly flagrant in the portraits: more than the precision of the traits represented, the artist seeks to represent the character of his/her subject. In the great statuary, the artist explores themes such as suffering, sleep or old age. One such is the Barberini Faun of Munich, representing a sleeping satyr with relaxed posture and anxious face, perhaps the prey of nightmares. The drunk woman, also at Munich, portrays without reservation an old woman, thin, haggard, clutching against herself her jar of wine. Laocoön, strangled by snakes, tries desperately to loosen their grip without affording a glance at his dying sons. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1760 × 2850 pixel, file size: 433 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Glyptothek Barberini Faun... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1760 × 2850 pixel, file size: 433 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Glyptothek Barberini Faun... The statue known as the Barberini Faun or Sleeping Satyr is 215 cm long and made from marble. ... The eastern hemisphere in 200 BC. Antiochus IIIs forces continue their invasion of Coele Syria, defeating the Egyptian general Scopas at Panion near the source of the Jordan River, and thus gaining control of Palestine. ... The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and Roman sculptures (hence Glypto-, from the Greek root glyphein, to carve). ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... Not to be confused with the group of prehistoric statuettes known as Venus figurines. ... The statue known as the Barberini Faun or Sleeping Satyr is 215 cm long and made from marble. ... The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and Roman sculptures (hence Glypto-, from the Greek root glyphein, to carve). ... A bald, bearded, horse-tailed satyr balances a winecup on his erect penis, a trick worthy of note, on an Attic red-figured psykter, ca. ... Statue of Laocoön in the Vatican Laocoön (in Greek – Λαοκόων, pronounced roughly La — oh — koh — on), son of Priam, was allegedly a priest of Poseidon (or of Apollo, by some accounts) at Troy; he was famous for warning the Trojans in vain against accepting the Trojan Horse from the...

Gaul killing himself and his wife, Roman copy after the Hellenistic original, Palazzo Massimo alle Terme

Pergamon did not distinguish itself with its architecture alone: it was also the seat of a brilliant school of sculpture called Pergamene Baroque. The sculptors, imitating the preceding centuries, portray painful moments rendered expressive with three-dimensional compositions, often V-shaped, and anatomical hyper-realism. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1450x2200, 1928 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Gardens of Sallust Hellenistic art Ludovisi Gaul Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1450x2200, 1928 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Gardens of Sallust Hellenistic art Ludovisi Gaul Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital...

Attalus I (269-197 BC), to commemorate his victory at Caicus against the Gauls — called Galatians by the Greeks — had two series of votive groups sculpted: the first, consecrated on the Acropolis of Pergamon, includes the famous Gaul killing himself and his wife, of which the original is lost (the best copy is in the Massimo alle Terme museum of Rome, see illustration); the second group, offered to Athens, is composed of small bronzes of Greeks, Amazons, gods and giants, Persians and Gauls. Artemis Rospigliosi of the Louvre is probably a copy of one of them; as for copies of the Dying Gaul, they were very numerous in the Roman period. The expression of sentiments, the forcefulness of details — bushy hair and moustaches here — and the violence of the movements are characteristic of the Pergamene style. Bust of Attalus I, circa 200 BCE (Pergamon Museum, Berlin) Attalus I Soter (Greek: Savior; 269 BC – 197 BC)[1] ruled Pergamon, a Greek polis in what is now Turkey, from 241 BC to 197 BC. He was the second cousin and the adoptive son of Eumenes I,[2] whom... Gallia (in English Gaul) is the Latin name for the region of western Europe occupied by present-day France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Ludovisi Gaul Killing Himself and His Wife is a Roman marble group depicting a man in the act of plunging a sword into his breast, looking backwards defiantly while he supports the dying figure of a woman with his left arm. ... This article is about the museum. ... The Dying Gaul The Dying Gaul is an ancient Roman marble copy of a lost ancient Greek statue, thought to have been executed in bronze, that was commissioned some time between 230 BC-220 BC by Attalos I of Pergamon to honor his victory over the Galatians. ...

These characteristics are pushed to their peak in the friezes of the Great Altar of Pergamon, decorated under the order of Eumenes II (197-159 BC) with a gigantomachy stretching 110 metres in length, illustrating in the stone a poem composed especially for the court. The Olympians triumph in it, each on his side, over Giants most of which are transformed into savage beasts: serpents, birds of prey, lions or bulls. Their mother Gaia, come to their aid, can do nothing and must watch them twist in pain under the blows of the gods. The front of the Pergamon Altar, as it is reconstructed in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. ... Coin of Eumenes II Eumenes II of Pergamon (ruled 197 - 158 BC) was king of Pergamon and a member of the Attalid dynasty. ... Dionysos attacking a Giant during the Gigantomachia, Attic red-figure pelike, ca. ... Olympians can refer to any of the following: The Twelve Olympians of Ancient Greek mythology. ... For other uses, see Gaia. ...

Another phenomenon appears in Hellenistic sculpture: privatization, which involves the recapture of older public patterns in decorative sculpture. This type of retrospective style also exists in ceramics. Portraiture is tinged with naturalism, under the influence of Roman art. Bilingual amphora by the Andokides Painter, ca. ... Fresco from the Villa of the Mysteries. ...

Paintings and mosaics

The Alexander Mosaic, from the House of the Faun, Pompeii, now at the National Archaeological Museum, Naples

Few examples of Greek wall paintings have survived the centuries. It has long been necessary to content oneself with studying the Hellenistic influences in Roman frescoes, for example those of Pompeii or Herculaneum. Certain mosaics, however, provide a pretty good idea of the "grand painting" of the period: these are copies of frescoes. An example is the Alexander Mosaic, showing the confrontation of the young conqueror and the Grand King Darius III at the Battle of Issus, a mosaic which adorns the walls of the House of the Faun at Pompeii. It is believed to be a copy of a painting described by Pliny the Elder (XXXV, 110) which had been painted by Philoxenus of Eretria for King Cassander of Macedon at the end of the 4th century BC, or even of a painting by Apelles contemporaneous with Alexander himself. The mosaic allows us to admire the choice of colours, the composition of the ensemble with turning movement and facial expressivity. Image File history File links BattleofIssus333BC-mosaic-detail1. ... Image File history File links BattleofIssus333BC-mosaic-detail1. ... The Alexander Mosaic, dating from approx. ... The House of the Faun is the largest private residence to be discovered in the ruins of Pompeii. ... For other uses, see Pompeii (disambiguation). ... The National Archaeological Museum of Naples. ... For other uses, see Naples (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fresco (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Pompeii (disambiguation). ... Herculaneum (in modern Italian Ercolano) is an ancient Roman town, located in the territory of the current commune of Ercolano. ... The Alexander Mosaic, dating from approx. ... Darius III or Codomannus (c. ... For other uses, see Battle of Issus (disambiguation). ... The House of the Faun is the largest private residence to be discovered in the ruins of Pompeii. ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ... This is an article about the Greek city of Eretria. ...  Kingdom of Cassander Other diadochi  Kingdom of Seleucus  Kingdom of Lysimachus  Kingdom of Ptolemy  Epirus Other  Carthage  Rome  Greek colonies Cassander (in Greek, Κάσσανδρος — Kassandros, ca. ... Ancient Macedons regions and towns Macedon or Macedonia (Greek ) was the name of an ancient kingdom in the northern-most part of ancient Greece, bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east. ... Another Apelles was the founder of a Gnostic sect in the 2nd century; Apelles (gnostic). ...

The "Dove Basin" (Capitoline), attributed to Sosos

Recent archeological discoveries at the cemetery of Pagasae (close to modern Volos), at the edge of the Pagasetic Gulf, or again at Vergina (1987), in the former kingdom of Macedonia, have brought to light some original works. For example, the tomb said to be that of Philip II has provided a great frieze representing a royal lion hunt, remarkable by its composition, the arrangement of the figures in space and its realistic representation of nature. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 694 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1875 × 1620 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 694 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1875 × 1620 pixel, file size: 2. ... Pagasae was an ancient city in Magnesia (east central Greece), now a suburb of the modern city of Volos. ... This article is about Volos, Greece. ... Map Categories: Greece geography stubs | Mediterranean | Seas ... Location of Aigéai/Vergina in Greece. ... Philip II of Macedon: victory medal (niketerion) struck in Tarsus, 2nd c. ...

The Hellenistic period is equally the time of development of the mosaic, particularly with the works of Sosos of Pergamon, active in the 2nd century BC and the only mosaic artist cited by Pliny (XXXVI, 184). His taste for trompe l'oeil (optical illusion) and the effects of the medium are found in several works attributed to him such as the "Unswept Floor" in the Vatican museum, representing the leftovers of a repast (fish bones, bones, empty shells, etc.) and the "Dove Basin" at the Capitoline Museum, known by means of a reproduction discovered in Hadrian's Villa. In it one sees four doves perched on the edge of a basin filled with water. One of them is watering herself while the others seem to be resting, which creates effects of reflections and shadow perfectly studied by the artist. This article is about a decorative art. ... [[: Le Image:Mural de Narbonne. ... Capitoline Museum?? Hum is it about capital cities?? The capital city of Rome is. ... The villas recreation of Canopus, a resort near Alexandria, as seen from the temple of Serapis Theatrical masks of Tragedy and Comedy in refined mosaic, from the villa (Capitoline Museum, Rome) The Villa of the Emperor Hadrian at Tivoli, Italy, even in ruined condition is one of the most...

Ceramics

See also: List of Greek Vase Painters#Hellenistic Period

Lagynos decorated with musical instruments, 150‑100 BC, the Louvre

The Hellenistic period is that of the decline of painting on vases. The most common vases are black and uniform, with a shiny appearance approaching that of varnish, decorated with simple motifs of flowers or festoons. It is also the period when vases in relief appeared, doubtless in imitation of vases made of precious metals: wreaths in relief were applied to the body of the vase, or again the one shown here received veins or gadroons. One finds also more complex relief, based on animals or mythological creatures. The shapes of the vases are also inspired by the tradition of metal: thus with the lagynos (pictured here), a wine jar typical of the period. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1630x1720, 1834 KB) Description: Lagynos with music instruments, ca. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1630x1720, 1834 KB) Description: Lagynos with music instruments, ca. ... There are about 100 different types of Greek vase, many of which have several sub-types. ... Alexander Balas becomes ruler of the Seleucid Empire. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 105 BC 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC - 100 BC - 99 BC 98 BC 97 BC 96 BC 95... This article is about the museum. ... Creatures of Greek mythology. ... There are about 100 different types of Greek vase, many of which have several sub-types. ...

In parallel there subsisted a tradition of polychromatic figurative painting: the artists sought a greater variety of tints than in the past. However, these newer colours are more delicate and do not support heat. The painting occurred therefore after firing, contrary to the traditional practice. The fragility of the pigments preventing frequent use of these vases, they were reserved for use in funerals. The most representative copies of this style come from Centuripe in Sicily, where a workshop was active until the 3rd century B.C. These vases are characterized by a base painted pink. The figures, often female, are represented in coloured clothing: blue-violet chiton, yellow himation, white veil. The style is reminiscent of Pompei and is situated much more on the side of the grand contemporary paintings than on the heritage of the red-figure pottery. Centuripe (formerly Centorbi) is a town in the Enna province of Sicily. ... Sicily ( in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,708 km² (9,926 sq. ... Woman officiating at an altar, Attic red-figure kylix by Chairias, c. ...

Minor arts

Metallic art

Elements of a funeral crown, 3rd century CE, Louvre

Braganza brooch, ca. 250-200 BC. British Museum

Progress in bronze casting made it possible for the Greeks to create large works, such as the Colossus of Rhodes, with a height of 32 meters. Many of the large bronze statues were lost - with the majority being melted to recover the material. Because of this, only the smaller objects still exist. Fortunately, during Hellenistic Greece, the raw materials were plentiful following eastern conquests. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1350x1200, 1208 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): User:Bridesmill/Sandbox Hellenistic Art Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1350x1200, 1208 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): User:Bridesmill/Sandbox Hellenistic Art Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... A crown is a symbolic form of headgear worn by a monarch or by a god, for whom the crown is traditionally one of the symbols of power and legitimacy (See Regalia for a broader treatment). ... This article is about the museum. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 358 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 687 pixel, file size: 506 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 358 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 687 pixel, file size: 506 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... “The Colossus of Rhodes” redirects here. ...

The work on metal vases took on a new fullness: the artists competed among themselves with great virtuosity. At Panagyurishte (now in Bulgaria), skilfully sculpted gold vases have been found: on an amphora, two rearing centaurs form the handles. In Derveni, not far from Salonica, a tomb has provided a great krater with bronze volutes dating from approximately 320 BC and weighing 40 kilograms (Derveni krater). It is decorated with a 32-centimetre-tall frieze of figures in relief representing Dionysus surrounded by Ariadne and her procession of satyrs and maenads. The neck is decorated with ornamental motifs while four satyrs in high relief are casually seated on the shoulders of the vase. The evolution is similar for the art of jewellery. The jewellers of the time excelled at handling details and filigrees: thus, the funeral wreaths present very realistic leaves of trees or stalks of wheat. In this period the insetting of precious stones flourished. Panagyurishte (Bulgarian: ) is a town in Pazardzhik Province, western Bulgaria. ... Amphoræ on display in Bodrum Castle, Turkey An amphora is a type of ceramic vase with two handles, used for the transportation and storage of perishable goods and more rarely as containers for the ashes of the dead or as prize awards. ... There are places that have the name Derveni: In Albania Derveni, Albania In Greece Derveni, a village in the prefecture of Achaia Derveni, a village in the southwestern part of the prefecture of Arcadia Derveni, a town in the northwestern part of Corinthia Derveni Related Chani Derveni, a place located... Thessaloniki or Salonica (Greek: ) is Greeces second-largest city and the capital of Macedonia, the largest Region of Greece. ... A krater (Greek κρατηρ, from the Greek verb κεραννυμι, to mix. ... A volute is a spiral scroll-like ornament such as that used on an Ionic capital. ... Derveni krater, height : 90. ... This article is about the ancient deity. ... Drinking scene with Dionysus and Ariadne on his lap. ... A bald, bearded, horse-tailed satyr balances a winecup on his erect penis, a trick worthy of note, on an Attic red-figured psykter, ca. ... Maenad carrying a hind, fragment of an Attic red-figure cup, ca. ...

The figurines were equally fashionable. They represented divinities as well as subjects from contemporary life. Thus emerged the theme of the "negro", particularly in Ptolemaic Egypt: these statuettes of Black adolescents were successful up to the Roman period. Sometimes, they were reduced to echoing a form from the great sculptures: thus one finds numerous copies in miniature of the Tyche (good luck) of Antioch, of which the original dates to the beginning of the 3rd century BC. cleopatra ruled seneca for 10 years before she ruled Egypt. ... Tyche on the reverse of this coin by Gordian III. In Greek mythology, Tyche (Roman equivalent: Fortuna) was the presiding tutelary deity that governed the fortune and prosperity of a city, its destiny. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Antakya. ...

Terra cotta figurines

Obese woman holding a jar of wine, Kertch, second half of 4th century BCE, Louvre

Previously reserved for religious use, in Hellenistic Greece the terra cotta figurine was more frequently used for funerary, and even decorative, purposes. The refinement of molding techniques made it possible to create true miniature statues, with a high level of detail. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (678x1230, 568 KB) fr: Grotesque, femme tenant un vase. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (678x1230, 568 KB) fr: Grotesque, femme tenant un vase. ... Obesity is a condition in which the natural energy reserve, stored in the fatty tissue of humans and other mammals, is increased to a point where it is associated with certain health conditions or increased mortality. ... For other uses, see Wine (disambiguation). ... Kerch (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: , Old East Slavic: Кърчевъ) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, is an important industrial, transport and tourist centre of Ukraine. ... This article is about the museum. ... Hermes criophorus (?), Boeotian terracotta figurine, ca. ...

In Tanagra, in Boeotia, the figurines, full of lively colours, most often represent elegant women in scenes full of charm. At Smyrna, in Asia Minor, two major styles occurred side-by-side: first of all, copies of masterpieces of great sculpture, such as Farnese Hercules in gilt terra cotta. In a completely different genre, there are the "grotesques", which contrast violently with the canons of "Greek beauty": the koroplathos (figurine maker) fashions deformed bodies in tortuous poses — hunchbacks, epileptics, hydrocephalics, obese women, etc. One could therefore wonder whether these were medical models, the town of Smyrna being reputed for its medical school. Or they could simply be caricatures, designed to provoke laughter. The "grotesques" are equally common at Tarsus and also at Alexandria. Tanagra (Greek: Τανάγρα) is a community north of Athens in Boeotia, not far from Thebes, that was noted in antiquity for its mass-produced mold-cast and fired terracotta figurines. ... Boeotia or Beotia (//, (Greek Βοιωτια; see also list of traditional Greek place names) was the central area of ancient Greece. ... Lady in blue, molded and gilded terracotta figurine, Louvre, Paris Molded terracotta nude of a goddess, Alexandrian (Greco-Roman Museum, Alexandria) // The mold-cast terracotta Tanagra figurines, produced from the later fourth century BCE, were a specialty of the Boeotian town of Tanagra in Greece. ... Smyrna (Greek: Σμύρνη) is an ancient city (today Ä°zmir in Turkey) that was founded at a very early period at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. ... The Farnese Hercules, engraved by Hendrick Goltzius, 1591. ... Kyphosis (Greek - kyphos, a hump), in general terms, is a curvature of the upper spine. ... This article is about the neurological disorder as it affects humans. ... Hydrocephalus (water-head, term derived from Greek) is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, usually due to blockage of CSF outflow in the ventricles or in the subarachoid space at the base of the brain. ... Obesity is a condition in which the natural energy reserve, stored in the fatty tissue of humans and other mammals, is increased to a point where it is associated with certain health conditions or increased mortality. ... Smyrna (Greek: Σμύρνη) is an ancient city (today Ä°zmir in Turkey) that was founded at a very early period at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... 68. ... This article is about the city in Egypt. ...

Glass and glyptic art

It was in the Hellenistic period that the Greeks, who until then only knew molded glass, discovered the technique of glass blowing, thus permitting new forms. The art of glass developed especially in Italy. Molded glass continued, notably in the creation of intaglio jewelry. Sculpting hot blown glass. ... Intaglio refers to incised (negative) image-making, and is the opposite of cameo. ...

The art of engraving on gems hardly advanced at all, limiting itself to mass-produced items that lacked originality. As compensation, the cameo made its appearance. It concerns cutting in relief on a stone composed of several colored layers, allowing the object to be presented in relief through the effects of color. After that it is mounted on a pendant or as a ring. The Hellenistic period produced some masterpieces like the Gonzaga cameo, now preserved at the Hermitage Museum. For other uses, see Gemstone (disambiguation). ... 2002 Lincoln cent, obverse, proof with cameo Cameo is a method of carving, or an item of jewelry made in this manner. ... The State Hermitage Museum (Russian: ) in Saint Petersburg, Russia is one of the largest museums in the world, with 3 million works of art (not all on display at once), [1] and one of the oldest art galleries and museums of human history and culture in the world. ...

See also

• Alexander the Great
• Hellenistic civilization
• Hellenistic Greece
• Hellenistic period
• Art in ancient Greece
• Hellenistic works: Barberini Faun, Laocoön and his Sons, Stoa of Attalos, Venus de Milo, Winged Victory of Samothrace, Boxer of Quirinal, Derveni krater.

For the film of the same name, see Alexander the Great (1956 film). ... The term Hellenistic (derived from HéllÄ“n, the Greeks traditional self-described ethnic name) was established by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen to refer to the spreading of Greek culture over the non-Greek people that were conquered by Alexander the Great. ... The Hellenistic period of Greek history was the period between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the Greek peninsula and islands by Rome in 146 BC. Although the establishment of Roman rule did not break the continuity of Hellenistic society and culture, which... The Hellenistic period (4th - 1st c. ... The art of ancient Greece has exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries from ancient times until the present, particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture. ... The statue known as the Barberini Faun or Sleeping Satyr is 215 cm long and made from marble. ... The statue of Laocoön and His Sons, also called the Laocoön Group, is a monumental marble sculpture, now in the Vatican Museums, Rome. ... The reconstructed Stoa of Attalos in modern-day Athens The Stoa of Attalos (also spelled Attalus) is recognised as one of the most impressive stoa in the Athenian Agora. ... Not to be confused with the group of prehistoric statuettes known as Venus figurines. ... The Winged Victory of Samothrace The Winged Victory of Samothrace, also called Nike of Samothrace, is a marble sculpture of the Greek goddess Nike (Victory), discovered in 1863 on the island of Samothrace (Greek: Σαμοθρακη, Samothraki) by the French consul and amateur archaeologist Charles Champoiseau. ... The boxer of Quirinal (Museo delle Terme, Rome) The bronze Boxer of Quirinal is a Hellenistic Greek sculpture from the first century B.C. It shows a sitting boxer with cesti. ... Derveni krater, height : 90. ...

Bibliography

• This article draws heavily on the fr:Art hellénistique article in the French-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of 10 November 2006.
• Boardman, John (1989). Greek Art. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-20292-3. 
• Burn, Lucilla (2005). Hellenistic Art: From Alexander The Great To Augustus. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Trust Publications. ISBN 0-89236-776-8. 
• Charbonneaux, Jean, Jean Martin and Roland Villard (1973). Hellenistic Greece. New York: Braziller. ISBN 0-8076-0666-9. 
• Havelock, Christine Mitchell (1968). Hellenistic Art. Greenwich, Connecticut: New York Graphic Society Ltd.. ISBN 0-393-95133-2. 
• Holtzmann, Bernard and Alain Pasquier (2002). Histoire de l'art antique: l'art grec. Réunion des musées nationaux. ISBN 2-7118-3782-3. 
• Pollitt, Jerome J. (1986). Art in the Hellenistic Age. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-27672-1. 

Sir John Boardman Kt FBA HonRA (b. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

l'art hellénistique

• Selection of Hellenistic works at the British Museum
• Selection of Hellenistic works at the Louvre
• Hellenistic Art, Insecula.com

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The British Museum in London, England is one of the worlds greatest museums of human history and culture. ... This article is about the museum. ...