? Hepatica
Hepatica nobilis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Ranunculales Family: Ranunculaceae Genus: Hepatica
Species
Hepatica acutiloba Hepatica americana Hepatica nobilis Hepatica transsilvanica

Hepatica is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants belonging to the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. A native of central and northern Europe, Asia and northeastern North America, Hepatica is sometimes called liverleaf or "liverwort". It should not be confused with true liverwort, which are confusingly called "Hepaticae" on occasion. A few botanists include Hepatica within a wider interpretation of Anemone, as Anemone hepatica. Download high resolution version (600x943, 57 KB)Hepatica, AKA liverleaf or liverwort (Hepatica nobilis) from William Curtis Botanical Magazine, ca. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ... Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ... Families See text The Ranunculales are an order of flowering plants, which belong among the basal eudicots. ... Genera See text The Ranunculaceae are a family of flowers in the order Ranunculales. ... In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. ... In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. ... This article is about the plants used in cooking and medicine. ... A Red Valerian, a perennial plant. ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... This article is about the flower. ... Genera See text The Ranunculaceae are a family of flowers in the order Ranunculales. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is conventionally considered one of the seven continents which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiogeographic one. ... See also: Asian and Eurasian World map showing Asia. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Orders Need to be entered Liverworts are non-vascular plants in the Class Marchantiopsida, formerly known as the Hepaticae. ... Species About 120; see text Anemone (Anemone) (from the Gr. ...

Between four to ten species of Hepatica are recognised, with some of the taxa more often treated as varieties: In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. ... A variety is a recognised division of a species in botany, next below the rank of subspecies; in zoology, species are only divided into subspecies and never into varieties. ...

• H. nobilis - Common Hepatica - Europe and Asia
  • H. nobilis var. pyrenaica (H. pyrenaica) - Pyrenees
  • H. nobilis var. japonica (H. japonica) - Japan
  • H. nobilis var. nobilis - European Hepatica - Alps north to Scandinavia
  • H. nobilis var. pubescens (H. pubescens) - Japan
• H. transsilvanica - Carpathian Mountains and Transylvania
• H. acutiloba - Sharplobe Hepatica - North America
• H. americana - Roundlobe Hepatica - North America

Hepatica transsilvanica

Noted for their tolerance of alkaline limestone-derived soils, Hepatica may grow in a wide range of conditions; it can be found either in deeply shaded deciduous (especially beech) woodland and scrub or grassland in full sun. Hepatica will also grow in both sandy and clay-rich substrates, being associated with limestone. Moist soil and winter snowfall is a requirement; Hepatica is tolerant of winter snow cover, but less so of dry frost. Central Pyrenees The Pyrenees (French: Pyrénées; Spanish: Pirineos; Occitan: Pirenèus or Pirenèas; Catalan Pirineus; Aragonese: Perinés; Basque: Pirinioak) are a range of mountains in southwest Europe that form a natural border between France and Spain. ... The West face of the Petit Dru above the Chamonix valley near the Mer de Glace. ... Scandinavia, Fennoscandia, and the Kola Peninsula. ... Satellite image of the Carpathians The Carpathian Mountains are the eastern wing of the great Central Mountain System of Europe, curving 1500 km (~900 miles) along the borders of Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia and northern Hungary. ... Transylvania (Romanian: Transilvania or Ardeal; Hungarian: Erdély; German: Siebenbürgen; see also other languages) forms the western and central parts of Romania. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1040x1083, 72 KB)Close-up of a single flower of Hepatica transsilvanica. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1040x1083, 72 KB)Close-up of a single flower of Hepatica transsilvanica. ... The common (Arrhenius) definition of a base is a chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. ... Limey shale overlaid by limestone. ... Species Fagus crenata - Japanese Beech Fagus engleriana - Chinese Beech Fagus grandifolia - American Beech Fagus hayatae - Taiwan Beech Fagus japonica - Japanese Blue Beech Fagus longipetiolata - South Chinese Beech Fagus lucida - Shining Beech Fagus mexicana - Mexican Beech or Haya Fagus orientalis - Oriental Beech Fagus sylvatica - European Beech Beech (Fagus) is a genus... Limber Pine woodland, Toiyabe Range, central Nevada Biologically, a woodland is differentiated from a forest. ... An Inner Mongolian Grassland. ... Limey shale overlaid by limestone. ...

Hepatica reaches a height of 10 cm and produces hermaphroditic flowers from February to May. The leaves are basal and dark leathery green, each with three lobes. The flowers may be white, bluish purple or pink; they are supported singly on hairy, largely leafless stems. Butterflies, moths, bees, flies and beetles are known to act as pollinators for Hepatica. The metre, or meter (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... The 1st-century BC sculpture The Reclining Hermaphrodite, in the Museo Palazzo Massimo Alle Terme in Rome In zoology, a hermaphrodite is an organism of a species whose members possess both male and female sexual organs during their lives. ... Look up February in Wiktionary, the free dictionary February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Look up May in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Families Superfamily Hesperioidea: Hesperiidae Superfamily Papilionoidea: Papilionidae Pieridae Nymphalidae Lycaenidae Riodinidae A butterfly is a flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, and belongs to one of the superfamilies Hesperioidea (the skippers) or Papilionoidea (all other butterflies). ... A moth is an insect closely related to the butterfly. ... Families Andrenidae Apidae Colletidae Halictidae Heterogynaidae Megachilidae Melittidae Oxaeidae Stenotritidae Bees (Apoidea superfamily) are flying insects, closely related to wasps and ants. ... As defined by entomologists, a fly (plural flies) is any species of insect of the order Diptera, some of which can land on food and transmit bacteria to humans. ... Suborders Adephaga Archostemata Myxophaga Polyphaga See subgroups of the order Coleoptera Beetles are one of the main groups of insects. ... A pollinator is the agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or syngamy of the female gamete in the ovule of the flower by the male gamete from the pollen grain. ...

Hepatica nobilis

Named from its leaves, which like the human liver have three lobes (from the Greek hepar), Hepatica was once used as a medicinal herb. Owing to the doctrine of signatures, the plant was thought an effective treatment for liver disorders. Although poisonous in large doses, the leaves and flowers may be used as an astringent, demulcent for slow-healing injuries and as a diuretic. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (731x781, 240 KB)Hepatica nobilis (also listed as Anemone hepatica in my book), photographed in Nurmijarvi, Finland by the uploader 7 May 2005. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (731x781, 240 KB)Hepatica nobilis (also listed as Anemone hepatica in my book), photographed in Nurmijarvi, Finland by the uploader 7 May 2005. ... The liver is one of the largest internal organs of the human body. ... The term Herbalism refers to folk and traditional medicinal practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. ... The doctrine of signatures refers to two separate concepts. ... An astringent is a chemical substance that tends to shrink or constrict body tissues, usually locally after topical medicinal application. ... Demulcent herbs often have a high content of mucilage, making them ideal to soothe and protect irritated or inflammed internal tissues of the body. ... A diuretic is any drug that elevates the rate of bodily urine excretion (diuresis). ...

External link

• Drugs and medicines of North America: Hepatica