Hessen Hesse
Flag	Coat of arms
Details Details
Location
Time zone	CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Administration
Country	Germany
NUTS Region	DE7
Capital	Wiesbaden
Largest city	Frankfurt
Minister-President	Roland Koch (CDU)
Votes in Bundesrat	5 (of 69)
Basic statistics
Area	21,100 km² (8,147 sq mi)
Population	6,073,000 (09/2007)[1]
- Density	288 /km² (745 /sq mi)
Other information
GDP/ Nominal	€ 198 billion (2005)
ISO region	DE-HE
Website	www.hessen.de

Coordinates: 50°39′58″N 8°35′28″E / 50.666°N 8.591°E / 50.666; 8.591 Hesse may refer to: // The German State of Hesse (Bundesland Hessen), or an inhabitant there of (1946-present) Greater Hesse was a German territory created by the US military administration in at the end of World War II (1945-1946) Landgraviate of Hesse (1264-1567) : Hesse-Darmstadt (1567-1945) : Landgraviate... Coat of arms of Hesse This article is about the coat of arms of the German state of Hesse. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of the time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Summer Time (CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Central European Time West Africa Time British Summer Time* Irish Summer Time* Western European Summer Time* Category: ... Eastern European Time Central Africa Time Israel Standard Time South Africa Standard Time Central European Summer Time West Africa Summer Time Category: ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ... The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the administrative division of countries for statistical purposes. ... A capital is the area of a country, province, region, or state, regarded as enjoying primary status; it is almost always the city which physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of the seat of government and fixed by law, but there are a number of exceptions. ... Wiesbaden is a city in central Germany. ... For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... A minister-president (Ministerpräsident) is the head of government of a German federal state; the office corresponds to the governorship of a state in the United States. ... Roland Koch Roland Koch (born March 24, 1958 in Frankfurt am Main) is a German politician. ... The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU — Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the second largest political party in Germany. ... The Bundesrat (federal council) is the representation of the 16 Federal States (Länder) of Germany at the federal level. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... GDP redirects here. ... ISO 3166-2 codes for Germany cover the 16 states (Länder). ... A website (alternatively, web site or Web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or more web servers, usually accessible via the Internet. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Hesse (German: Hessen, Hessisch: Hesse) is a state of Germany with an area of 21,110 km² (8,150 sq mi) and just over six million inhabitants. The state capital is Wiesbaden. Hesse's largest city is nearby Frankfurt am Main. Hesse contributes the largest share to the Rhine Main Area. Subdivisions lower hessian Osthessisch Central Hessian South Hessian Hessian is a West Middle German dialect of the German language. ... Germany is a Federal Republic made up of 16 States, known in German as Länder (singular Land). ... Wiesbaden is a city in central Germany. ... Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... Skyscrapers in Downtown Frankfurt The Frankfurt Rhine Main Area, often referred to as Rhine Main Area (German: Rhein-Main Gebiet) or Greater Frankfurt is a Metropolitan Area located in central western Germany, that encompasses parts of three federal states: Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate and Bavaria. ...

Geography

Situated in west-central Germany, Hesse borders on the German states (starting from the northwest and proceeding clockwise) of North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Saxony, Thuringia, Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. Coat of arms Location Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country NUTS Region DEA Capital Düsseldorf Prime Minister Jürgen Rüttgers (CDU) Governing parties CDU / FDP Votes in Bundesrat 6 (from 69) Basic statistics Area  34,084 km² (13,160 sq mi) Population 18,033,000... With an area of 47,618 km and nearly eight million inhabitants, Lower Saxony (German Niedersachsen) lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the countrys sixteen Bundesl nder (federal states). ... The Free State of Thuringia (German: Freistaat Thüringen) is located in central Germany and is considered one of the smaller of Germanys sixteen Bundesländer (federal states), with an area of 16,200 km² and 2. ... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ... Location Coordinates , , Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country NUTS Region DE1 Capital Stuttgart Minister-President Günther Oettinger (CDU) Governing parties CDU / FDP Votes in Bundesrat 6 (of 69) Basic statistics Area  35,752 km² (13,804 sq mi) Population 10,741,000 (11/2006)[1]  - Density... The Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz, sometimes Lower Palatinate or Niederpfalz) occupies rather more than a quarter of the German Bundesland (federal state) of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz) and contains the towns of Ludwigshafen, Kaiserslautern, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse, Pirmasens, Landau and Speyer. ...

The principal cities of Hesse include Frankfurt am Main, Wiesbaden, Darmstadt, Offenbach, Hanau, Gießen, Wetzlar and Limburg in the greater Rhine Main Area, Fulda in the east, and Kassel and Marburg an der Lahn in the north. Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... Wiesbaden is a city in central Germany. ... For other uses, see Darmstadt (disambiguation). ... Offenbach is a city in Hessen, Germany, located at the river Main. ... , Hanau is a town in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. ... theatre in Giessen Architecture in Giessen Giessen (German spelling Gießen) is a city in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the Giessen district and the Giessen Administrative Region. ... Wetzlar is a town in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of the Lahn-Dill district. ... Limburg an der Lahn (Limburg on the Lahn river) is a German town and the capital of the district Limburg-Weilburg in the west of Hessen. ... Skyscrapers in Downtown Frankfurt The Frankfurt Rhine Main Area, often referred to as Rhine Main Area (German: Rhein-Main Gebiet) or Greater Frankfurt is a Metropolitan Area located in central western Germany, that encompasses parts of three federal states: Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate and Bavaria. ... , Fulda (IPA: ) is a city in Hessen, Germany; it is located on the Fulda River and is the administrative seat of the Fulda district (Kreis). ... This article is about the city of Kassel in Hessen, Germany. ... Marburg is a town in Hessen, Germany, on the Lahn river. ...

The most important rivers in Hesse are the Fulda and Eder rivers in the north, the Lahn in the central part of Hesse, and the Main and Rhine in the south. The countryside is hilly and there are numerous mountain ranges, like the Rhön, the Westerwald, the Taunus, the Vogelsberg, the Knüll or the Spessart. The Fulda is a river in Hesse, Germany. ... The Eder is a river in Germany (ca. ... The river Lahn in Limburg The Lahn is a river in Germany. ... For other uses, see Main (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Rhine (disambiguation). ... The Rhön Mountains are a group of low mountains in central Germany, located in the state of Hesse, close to its borders with Bavaria and Thuringia. ... The Westerwald is a mountain chain in Germany. ... View (from top of Frankfurt) of Altkoenig and Grosser Feldberg For the automobile, see Ford Taunus. ... The Vogelsberg Mountains are a group of low mountains in central Germany, located in the middle of the state of Hessen. ... Knüll or Knüllgebirge is a small mountain range in Hesse, Germany. ... The Spessart is a hill chain in northwestern Bavaria and southern Hesse, Germany. ...

Most of the population of Hesse is in the southern part of Hesse in the Rhine Main Area. The Rhine borders Hesse on the southwest without running through the state, only one old arm – the so-called Alt-Rhein – runs through Hesse. The mountain range between the Main and the Neckar river is called the Odenwald. The plain in between the rivers Main, Rhine and Neckar, and the Odenwald mountains is called the Ried. Skyscrapers in Downtown Frankfurt The Frankfurt Rhine Main Area, often referred to as Rhine Main Area (German: Rhein-Main Gebiet) or Greater Frankfurt is a Metropolitan Area located in central western Germany, that encompasses parts of three federal states: Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate and Bavaria. ... The Odenwald is a mountain chain in southern Hessen, northern Bavaria and northern Baden-Württemberg. ...

See also List of places in Hesse. This is a list of geographical features in the state of Hesse, Germany. ...

Hesse is divided into 21 districts and 5 independent cities:

Independent cities (with their acronyms, as used on vehicle registration plates): Kreis Bergstraße (translated: mountain road) is a Kreis (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. ... Cathedral and old town Cathedral and Starkenburg castle Heppenheim seen from the Starkenburg castle Heppenheim is a city in Hesse, Germany. ... Darmstadt-Dieburg is a Kreis (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. ... For other uses, see Darmstadt (disambiguation). ... Groß-Gerau is a Kreis (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. ... Groß-Gerau is a Kreis (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. ... Bad Homburg is the capital city of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hessen, Germany, on the southern slope of the Taunus, bordering among others Frankfurt and Oberursel. ... Main-Kinzig is a Kreis (district) in the east of Hesse, Germany. ... Gelnhausen is a city in the German state of Hesse. ... Main-Taunus is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hesse, Germany. ... Hofheim (often Hofheim am Taunus to distinguish it with another Hofheim in Bavaria) is a small German town, the capital of the district Main-Taunus in the west of Hesse. ... The Odenwaldkreis is a Kreis (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. ... Erbach im Odenwald is a town in Hesse, Germany. ... Offenbach is a Kreis (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. ... Dietzenbach is a town in Hesse, Germany, capital of the district of Offenbach. ... Rheingau-Taunus is a Kreis (district) in the west of Hesse, Germany. ... Bad Schwalbach (called Langenschwalbach until 1927) is the capital of Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. ... The Wetteraukreis is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hesse, Germany. ... , Friedberg (Friedberg in der Wetterau) is a town and the capital of the Wetteraukreis district, in Hesse, Germany. ... Gießen is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hesse, Germany. ... theatre in Giessen Architecture in Giessen Giessen (German spelling Gießen) is a city in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the Giessen district and the Giessen Administrative Region. ... Lahn-Dill is a Kreis (district) in the west of Hesse, Germany. ... Wetzlar is a town in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of the Lahn-Dill district. ... Limburg-Weilburg is a Kreis (district) in the west of Hesse, Germany. ... Limburg an der Lahn (Limburg on the Lahn river) is a German town and the capital of the district Limburg-Weilburg in the west of Hessen. ... Marburg-Biedenkopf is a Kreis (district) in the west of Hesse, Germany. ... , Marburg is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the Lahn river. ... The Vogelsbergkreis is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hesse, Germany. ... ... Fulda is a Kreis (district) in the north-east of Hesse, Germany. ... , Fulda (IPA: ) is a city in Hessen, Germany; it is located on the Fulda River and is the administrative seat of the Fulda district (Kreis). ... Hersfeld-Rotenburg is a Kreis (district) in the east of Hesse, Germany. ... Bad Hersfeld is a spa town in the north-eastern region of Hesse in Germany. ... Kassel is a Kreis (district) in the north of Hesse, Germany. ... This article is about the city of Kassel in Hessen, Germany. ... Schwalm-Eder is a Kreis (district) in the north of Hesse, Germany. ... Homberg is a small town in northern Hesse with about 15,000 inhabitants, and it is the seat of the Schwalm-Eder district. ... Werra-Meißner is a Kreis (district) in the north of Hesse, Germany. ... Eschwege is a town in the state of Hesse in Germany. ... Waldeck-Frankenberg is a Kreis (district) in the north of Hesse, Germany. ... Korbach, an over 1000 year old town, is Kreisstadt (capital of the district) of Waldeck-Frankenberg in the north of Hesse (Germany). ...

• Darmstadt (DA)
• Frankfurt am Main (F)
• Kassel (KS)
• Offenbach am Main (OF)
• Wiesbaden (WI)

Districts (here with numbers) Independent cities

The most important rivers, mountains, and cities of Hesse

For other uses, see Darmstadt (disambiguation). ... Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... This article is about the city of Kassel in Hessen, Germany. ... (river) main-bow Offenbach am Main is a city in Hessen, Germany, located on southside of the river Main. ... Wiesbaden is a city in central Germany. ...

History

An early Celtic presence in what is now Hesse is indicated by a mid 5th century BC La Tène style burial uncovered at Glauberg. The region was later settled by the Germanic Chatti tribe in ca. the 1st century BC, and the name Hesse is a continuation of that tribal name. In the early Middle Ages, a Frankish gau comprising an area around Fritzlar and Kassel and a Saxon one further north were known as Hessengau. In the 9th century the Saxon Hessengau also came under the rule of the Franconians. In the 12th century it was passed to Thuringia. Hesse is a region of west-central Germany. ... This article is about the European people. ... La Tène is a village near the Neuenburger See, also called Lac du Neuchâtel, a lake in Switzerland. ... The Glauberg is a hill near the village of Glauburg in the Wetteraukreis, some 30 km. ... The Chatti (also Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe settled in central and northern Hesse and southern Lower Saxony, along the upper reaches of the Weser river and in the valleys and mountains of the Eder, Fulda and Werra river regions, a district approximately corresponding to Hesse-Cassel, though probably... A Gau (plural Gaue) is a German term for a region within a country, often a (former or actual) province. ... The Cathedral (Dom), with statue of St. ... This article is about the city of Kassel in Hessen, Germany. ... The Free State of Thuringia (German: Freistaat Thüringen) is located in central Germany and is considered one of the smaller of Germanys sixteen Bundesländer (federal states), with an area of 16,200 km² and 2. ...

In the War of the Thuringian Succession (1247-64), Hesse gained its independence and became a Landgraviate within the Holy Roman Empire. It shortly rose to primary importance under Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous, who was one of the leaders of German Protestantism. After Philip's death in 1567, the territory was divided up among his four sons from his first marriage (Philip was a bigamist) into four lines: Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), Hesse-Darmstadt, Hesse-Rheinfels and the also previously existing Hesse-Marburg. As the latter two lines died out quite soon (1583 and 1605, respectively), Hesse-Kassel and Hesse-Darmstadt were the two core states within the Hessian lands. Several collateral lines split off during the centuries, such as in 1622, when Hesse-Homburg split off from Hesse-Darmstadt. In the late 16th century, Kassel adopted Calvinism, while Darmstadt remained Lutheran and subsequently the two lines often found themselves on different sides of a conflict, most notably in the disputes over Hesse-Marburg and in the Thirty Years' War, when Darmstadt fought on the side of the Emperor, while Kassel sided with Sweden and France. Landgrave (Dutch landgraaf, German Landgraf; French landgrave; Latin comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a title (mostly) used in the Holy Roman Empire and later on by its former territories, comparable to a count, who had feudal duty directly to the Holy Roman Emperor. ... Philipp I of Hesse Philipp I, Landgraf von Hessen, the Magnanimous (13 November 1504 - 31 March 1567), was a leading champion of the Reformation and one of the most important German rulers of the Renaissance. ... Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Protestantism encompasses the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated with the doctrines of the Reformation. ... The term polygamy (a Greek word meaning the practice of multiple marriage) is used in related ways in social anthropology, sociobiology, and sociology. ... Capital Darmstadt Government Monarchy Landgrave  - 1567 - 1596 George I  - 1790 - 1806 Louis X History  - Established 1567  - Disestablished 1806 The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: ) was a member state of the Holy Roman Empire. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Calvinism... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ... Combatants Sweden  Bohemia Denmark-Norway[1] Dutch Republic France Scotland England Saxony  Holy Roman Empire Catholic League Austria Bavaria Spain Commanders Frederick V Buckingham Leven Gustav II Adolf â€  Johan Baner Cardinal Richelieu Louis II de Bourbon Vicomte de Turenne Christian IV of Denmark Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar Johann Georg I...

During the American Revolution, Great Britain hired mercenaries from Hesse, commonly known as Hessians, to fight the rebels in America. This article is about political and social developments, including the origins and aftermath of the war. ... For other uses, such as the People of Hesse, see, see Hessian (disambiguation). ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...

Hesse-Kassel was elevated to the rank of an Electorate in 1803, but this remained without effect as the Holy Roman Empire was disbanded in 1806. The territory was annexed by the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1806, but restored to the Elector in 1813. While other Electors had gained other titles, becoming either Kings or Grand-dukes, the Elector of Hesse-Kassel alone retained the anachronistic dignity. The name survived in the term Kurhessen, denoting the region around Kassel. In 1866 it was annexed by Prussia, together with the Free City of Frankfurt, Hesse-Homburg and the duchy of Nassau, which established the province of Hesse-Nassau. For other places named Westphalia, see Westphalia (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Prussia (disambiguation). ... Main Station Frankfurt Frankfurt International Airport For other articles with similar names, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Nassau (disambiguation). ...

Hesse-Darmstadt was elevated to the rank of a Grand Duchy in 1806. In the War of 1866, it fought on the side of Austria against Prussia, but retained its autonomy in defeat, because a greater part of the country was situated south of the Main river and Prussia did not dare to expand beyond the Main line as this might have provoked France. But the parts of Hesse-Darmstadt north of the Main river (the region around the town of Gießen, commonly called Oberhessen) were incorporated in the Norddeutscher Bund, a tight federation of German states, established by Prussia in 1867. In 1871 the rest of the Grand Duchy joined the German Empire. Around the turn of the century, Darmstadt was one of the centres of the Jugendstil. The Austro-Prussian War (also called the Seven Weeks War) was a war fought between Austria and Prussia in 1866 that resulted in Prussian dominance in Germany. ... For other uses, see Prussia (disambiguation). ... theatre in Giessen Architecture in Giessen Giessen (German spelling Gießen) is a city in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the Giessen district and the Giessen Administrative Region. ... The German Navy has had several names depending on the political structure of Germany at the time: Deutsche Marine (German Navy) (1848)-(1852) Norddeutsche Bundesmarine (Northern German Federal Navy) (1866-1871) Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy) (1872-1918) Vorläufige Reichsmarine (1919-1921) Reichsmarine (State Navy) (1921-1935) Kriegsmarine (War Navy... For German colonial territories, see German Colonial Empire. ... Jugendstil is defined as a style of architecture or decorative art similar to Art Nouveau, popular in German-speaking areas of Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries [1]. Jugendstil was also popular in the Nordic countries, where it became integrated with the National Romantic Style. ...

Until 1907, the Grand Duchy of Hesse used only the Hessian red and white lion as its coat-of-arms

The revolution of 1918 transformed Hesse-Darmstadt from a monarchy to a republic, which officially renamed itself to "Volksstaat Hessen" (People's State of Hesse). The parts of Hesse-Darmstadt on the western banks of the Rhine (province Rheinhessen) were occupied by French troops until 1930 under the terms of the Versailles peace treaty that officially ended WWI in 1919. Subdivision of Germany in 1925 (Volksstaat Hessen is in brown) Volksstaat Hessen in 1930 Der Volksstaat Hessen (- in German, Peoples State Hesse in English) was a new name of a traditional state of Germany from 1918 until 1945. ...

After World War II the Hessian territory left of the Rhine was again occupied by France, whereas the rest of the country was part of the US occupation zone. The French separated their part of Hesse from the rest of the country and incorporated it into the newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz). The United States, on the other side, proclaimed the state of Greater Hesse (Groß-Hessen) on 19 September 1945, out of Hesse-Darmstadt and most of the former Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. On December 4, 1946 Groß-Hessen was officially renamed Hessen.^[2] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Flag Greater Hesse (bright orange) within the US-administered zone of post-war Germany (pale orange) Capital Wiesbaden Government Military occupation Commissioner Col. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... is the 338th day of the year (339th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Name

The state is called Hessen in German and Hesse in English; the English name for the state was taken from French. An inhabitant of the state is a Hesse (masculine) or Hessin (feminine) in German and a Hessian in English (see Hessian (soldiers)). Occasionally the German term Hessen is also used in English. Hessia is another variant, although rarely used. Hesse refers to the Germanic tribe of the Chatti, who settled in the region in the first centuries B.C. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... For other uses, such as the People of Hesse, see, see Hessian (disambiguation). ... The Chatti (also Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe settled in central and northern Hesse and southern Lower Saxony, along the upper reaches of the Weser river and in the valleys and mountains of the Eder, Fulda and Werra river regions, a district approximately corresponding to Hesse-Cassel, though probably...

Politics

The Politics of Hesse takes place within a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic, where the Federal Government of Germany exercises sovereign rights with certain powers reserved to the states of Germany including Hesse. The state has a multi-party system where the two main parties were long the center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and the leftist Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). However, this changed in 2009, when support for the SPD collapsed after a political crisis in 2008. There are now five parties in the Hesse Landtag. The Politics of Hesse takes place within a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic, where the Federal Government of Germany exercises sovereign rights with certain powers reserved to the states of Germany including Hesse. ... This article needs cleanup. ... SPD redirects here. ...

Although the outgoing Prime Minister, Roland Koch (CDU), lost his majority in the state diet (Landtag of Hesse in the 2008 Landtag election, his rivals were unable to form a government. See Hesse state election, 2008. A new election was held in 2009, after which the CDU was again able to form a government. Roland Koch Roland Koch (born March 24, 1958 in Frankfurt am Main) is a German politician. ...

The party strengths in the 2009 election were as follows:

Turnout was at 61.0%, down from 64.3% in 2008. 61.0% marks the lowest turnout for a Landtag election in Hesse's history. Only the non-binding 1946 election (while Hesse was still under military occupation) had a lower turnout. The Christian Democratic Union (CDU - Christlich-Demokratische Union) is a political party in Germany. ... The term center-right has two distinct meanings in politics: Center-right can be used to describe a moderately right-wing political party. ... SPD redirects here. ... The term center-left has two distinct meanings in politics: Center-left can be used to describe a moderately left-wing political party. ... The Free Democratic Party (German: Freie Demokratische Partei; FDP) is a liberal political party in Germany. ... Classical liberalism (also known as traditional liberalism[1] and laissez-faire liberalism[2]) is a doctrine stressing the importance of human rationality, individual property rights, natural rights, constitutional limitations of government, the protection of civil liberties, an economic policy with heavy emphasis on free markets, and individual freedom from restraint... The Alliance 90/The Greens (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen), the German Green party, is a political party in Germany whose regional predecessors were founded in the late 1970s as part of the new social movements. ... Bold textHello ... The Left Party (In German: , officially with a period at the end), formerly Party of Democratic Socialism (Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus, PDS) is a left-wing socialist political party in Germany. ... Democratic socialism advocates socialism as a basis for the economy and democracy as a governing principle. ... The National Democratic Party of Germany (German: , NPD) is a German nationalist political party. ... Far right, extreme right, ultra-right, or radical right are terms used to discuss the qualitative or quantitive position a group or person occupies within a political spectrum. ... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... The Republicans (German: Die Republikaner; REP) is a national conservative political party in Germany. ... The Pirate Party (Swedish: Piratpartiet) is a political party in Sweden. ... The LaRouche movement is an international political and cultural movement which promotes Lyndon LaRouche and his ideas, including a commitment to what has been often termed a just new world economic order: the urgency of affording what have been sometimes termed Third World nations, their full rights to perfect national...

State anthem

The official state song of Hesse is called "Hessenlied" (Song of Hesse), but is not widely known. It was written by Carl Preser.

TV and radio stations

Hessischer Rundfunk (HR) is the main ARD broadcaster in Hesse, providing a third TV programme as well as its local radio stations (HR 1, HR 2, HR 3, HR 4, you fm and HR info). Other than HR, ZDF and other privately run TV stations flourish. Among the commercial radio stations that are active in Hesse are Hit Radio FFH, Planet Radio, Harmony FM, SKY Radio and Main FM. Map of the nine regional broadcasting members of Germanys ARD radio/TV network. ... ARD (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland – the Consortium of public-law broadcasting institutions of the Federal Republic of Germany), is a joint organization of Germanys regional public broadcasting agencies. ... Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (Second German Television), ZDF, is a public service German television channel based in Mainz. ...

Traffic and public transportation

Hesse has one of the best transportation infrastructures in Europe. Many trans-European and German interstate freeways cross Hesse as well as high-speed train lines and many important trans-European waterways. Frankfurt International Airport is Germany's biggest airport and the third largest in Europe (after London and Paris). Near the airport is the Frankfurter Kreuz, Europe's most important motorway junction, where the German autobahns A3 (Arnhem-Cologne-Frankfurt-Nuremberg-Passau) and A5 (Hattenbach-Frankfurt-Karlsruhe-Basel) meet. Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof is Germany's most important railway station. Frankfurt Airport Frankfurt Airport (IATA: FRA, ICAO: EDDF), known in German as Rhein-Main-Flughafen or Flughafen Frankfurt am Main, is located near Frankfurt am Main, Germany. ... Aerial view, A3 vertically, A5 horizontally. ... Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof (translates from German as Frankfurt (Main) central station, short form Frankfurt (Main) Hbf) is the Hauptbahnhof for Frankfurt am Main and, along with Leipzig Hauptbahnhof, is one of the largest terminal stations in Europe. ...

Death penalty

The death penalty is still mentioned in the constitution of Hesse, as the Hessian constitution was ratified in 1946, when the death penalty was still part of the German penal code (and carried out as well). Because the 1949 federal constitution provides for the abolition of the death penalty (Art. 102) and because of the supremacy of the federal constitution (Art. 31, incidentally the two shortest articles in the whole constitution), the Hessian constitutional articles still mentioning the death penalty are de facto obsolete. Nonetheless, no politician has yet proposed to formally abolish the death penalty in Hesse because that would require a plebiscite. Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ... The Hesse constitution signed on the December 1, 1946 is the constitution for the Hesse state. ... Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is the constitution[1] of Germany. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...

Trivia

Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (June 2007)

• Locals from the area speak the Rhine Franconian dialect known as Hessisch.

• The chemical element of Hassium is named for Hesse alongside with Darmstadtium for the Hessian City of Darmstadt.

• Hesse is a sister state of Wisconsin, one of the states of the United States of America.

• During the 17th and 18th centuries thousands of Hessians fought in the American Revolution and other conflicts as soldiers of fortune (though usually conscripted, the pay going to their Lord) on both sides^[3].

• It is the birthplace of William the Silent, leader of the Dutch Revolt against Spain in the 16th century.

Rhenish Franconian (in German: Rheinfränkisch) is a dialect family of West Central German. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hassium, Hs, 108 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 7, d Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (269) g/mol Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2 (guess based on osmium) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 14... General Name, Symbol, Number darmstadtium, Ds, 110 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 7, d Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (281) g/mol Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s1 (guess based on platinum) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 17... For other uses, see Darmstadt (disambiguation). ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... William I (William the Silent). ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Dutch Revolt, Eighty Years War or The Revolt of the Netherlands (1568[1]–1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Low Countries against the Spanish (Habsburg) Empire. ...

See also

• Landgraviate of Hesse
• Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
• Hesse-Kassel
• Hessische Bergstrasse

Capital Kassel, Marburg Government Monarchy Landgrave  - 1264 – 1308 Henry I the Child  - 1509 – 1567 Philip I the Magnanimous Historical era Middle Ages, Reformation  - Established 1264  - Disestablished 1567 The Landgraviate of Hesse (German: ) was a Landgraviate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1264 to 1567 when it was divided between the... Capital Darmstadt Government Monarchy Landgrave  - 1567 - 1596 George I  - 1790 - 1806 Louis X History  - Established 1567  - Disestablished 1806 The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: ) was a member state of the Holy Roman Empire. ... Topographic profile of the Hessische Bergstrasse showing all the regions districts, collective vineyard sites and vineyard sites. ...

References

1. ^ "State population". Portal of the Federal Statistics Office Germany. http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/de_zs01_he.asp. Retrieved on 2007-04-25. 
2. ^ "Hessen - 60 stolze Jahre - Zeittafel 1945/1946". http://60stolzejahre.hessen.de/dynasite.cfm?dssid=77&dsmid=1898. Retrieved on 2006-12-01. 
3. ^ "Die verkauften Hessen (German text)". http://www.kriegsreisende.de/absolutismus/hessen.htm. Retrieved on 2007-02-19. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hessen

• Official government portal
• 360 degree virtual trip through the Rhön - part of eastern Hesse
• "Hesse". Catholic Encyclopedia. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07298c.htm.