 15 kW Xenon short-arc lamp used in IMAX projectors High-intensity discharge (HID) lamps include these types of electrical lamps: mercury vapor, metal halide (also HQI), high-pressure sodium, low-pressure sodium and less common, xenon short-arc lamps. The light-producing element of these lamp types is a well-stabilized arc discharge contained within a refractory envelope (arc tube) with wall loading in excess of 3 W/cm² (19.4 W/in.²). Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 341 KB) Close-up of a 15KW Xenon short-arc lamp I attest that I am the copyright holder for this image and I release it for use under the Creative Commons 2. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 341 KB) Close-up of a 15KW Xenon short-arc lamp I attest that I am the copyright holder for this image and I release it for use under the Creative Commons 2. ...
IMAX theatre at the Melbourne Museum complex, Australia. ...
Most of the industrialized world is lit by electric lights, which are used both at night and to provide additional light during the daytime. ...
A Mercury-vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp which uses mercury in an excited state to produce light. ...
Metal halide lamps, a member of the high-intensity discharge (HID) family of lamps, produce high light output for their size, making them a compact, powerful, and efficient light source. ...
HQI (Mercury Quartz Iodide) is a special type of high-intensity discharge (or HID) lamp where the light is produced using a very high voltage arc through a gas. ...
A sodium vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp which uses sodium in an excited state to produce light. ...
A sodium vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp which uses sodium in an excited state to produce light. ...
15 kW Xenon short-arc lamp used in IMAX projectors Xenon arc lamps are an artificial light source. ...
An electric arc can melt calcium oxide. ...
Compared to fluorescent and incandescent lamps, HID lamps produce a much larger quantity of light in a relatively small package. A compact fluorescent lamp with an integrated electronic ballast A fluorescent lamp is a type of lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor in argon or neon gas, resulting in a plasma that produces short-wave ultraviolet light. ...
Image:Light-bulb-and-filament. ...
Construction
 Diagram of a high pressure sodium lamp. HID lamps produce light by striking an electrical arc across tungsten electrodes housed inside a specially designed inner fused quartz or fused alumina tube. This tube is filled with both gas and metals. The gas aids in the starting of the lamps. Then, the metals produce the light once they are heated to a point of evaporation, forming a plasma. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1300x910, 135 KB) Summary Diagram of a high pressure sodium lamp Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1300x910, 135 KB) Summary Diagram of a high pressure sodium lamp Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number tungsten, W, 74 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6, 6, d Appearance grayish white, lustrous Atomic mass 183. ...
An electrode is a conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e. ...
Fused quartz is a man-made material manufactured principally from sands. ...
Aluminium oxide (or aluminum oxide) (Al2O3) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen. ...
A gas is one of the four main phases of matter (after solid and liquid, and followed by plasma), that subsequently appear as a solid material is subjected to increasingly higher temperatures. ...
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Types of HID lamps include:
- Mercury vapor (CRI range 15-55)
- Metal halide (CRI range 65-80, ceramic MH can go to 90's)
- Low-pressure sodium (CRI 0 owing to their monochromatic light)
- High-pressure sodium (CRI range 22-75).
Mercury vapor lamps, which originally produced a bluish-green light, were the first commercially available HID lamps. Today, they are also available in a color corrected, whiter light. But they are still often being replaced by the newer, more efficient high-pressure sodium and metal halide lamps. Standard low-pressure sodium lamps have the highest efficiency of all HID lamps, but they produce a yellowish light. High-pressure sodium lamps that produce a whiter light are now available, but efficiency is somewhat sacrificed. Metal halide lamps are less efficient but produce an even whiter, more natural light. Colored metal halide lamps are also available. Colour rendering index, or CRI, is a measure of the quality of colour light, devised by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). ...
Auxiliary devices Like fluorescent lamps, HID lamps require a ballast to start and maintain their arcs. The method used to initially strike the arc varies: mercury vapor lamps and some metal halide lamps are usually started using a third electrode near one of the main electrodes while other lamp styles are usually started using pulses of high voltage. A ballast is a device used to start a gas discharge lamp, and, once the lamp is started, to limit the flow of electric current. ...
Applications HID lamps are typically used when high levels of light over large areas are required, and when energy efficiency and/or light intensity are desired. These areas include gymnasiums, large public areas, warehouses, outdoor activity areas, roadways, parking lots, and pathways. More recently, HID lamps, especially metal halide, have been used in small retail and residential environments. HID lamps have made indoor gardening practical, especially for plants that require a good deal of high intensity sunlight, like vegetables and flowers. They are also used to reproduce tropical intensity sunlight for indoor aquaria. Modern indoor gymnasium with pull-down basketball hoops Gym, a shortened form of gymnasium, refers to facilities intended for indoor sports or exercise. ...
Inside Green Logistics Co. ...
Some HID lamps such as Mercury Vapor Discharge produce large amounts of UV radiation and therefore need diffusers to block that radiation. In the last few years there have been several cases of faulty diffusers, causing people to suffer severe sunburn and Arc eye. Regulations may now require guarded lamps or lamps which will quickly burn out if their outer envelope is broken. Note: Ultraviolet is also the name of a 1998 UK television miniseries about vampires. ...
Arc eye is a painful condition sometimes experienced by welders who have failed to use adequate eye protection. ...
Recently, HID lamps have gained use in motor-vehicle headlamps. This application has met with mixed responses from motorists, mainly in response to the amount of glare that HID lights can cause. However, many motorists still prefer these lights as they emit a clearer, brighter, more natural appearing light than normal headlamps. They almost always have an automatic self-levelling system to minimise this issue and as such are usually an expensive optional extra on most cars. A SAAB headlight with combination projector/reflector optics A headlight or headlamp is a lamp, usually attached to the front of a vehicle such as a car, with the purpose of illuminating the road ahead during periods of low visibility, such as night or precipitation. ...
This photo of New York City shows excessive sky glow, one form of light pollution, partly caused by many unshielded lights. ...
HID lamps are also being used for all external lights on the Airbus A380 superjumbo airliner and on many other general aviation aircraft for landing and taxi lights. The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, four-engined airliner manufactured by Airbus S.A.S. It first flew on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse in France. ...
See also Hydrargyrum Medium-Arc Iodide, frequently called just HMI is a mercury-halide discharge short arc lamp with a color temperature of approximately 5600K. The name is derived from Hydrargyrum, an archaic term for mercury while Iodide indicates that iodine is the halogen used to form the active compound. ...
This page is a list of sources of light. ...
This cosmetics store has lighting levels over twice recommended levels and sufficient to trigger headaches and other health effects Over-illumination is the presence of lighting intensity (illuminance) beyond that required for a specified activity. ...
References - Waymouth, John (1971). Electric Discharge Lamps. Cambridge, MA: The M.I.T. Press. ISBN 0-262-23048-8.
- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. [http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/glare.html Glare from Headlamps and other Front Mounted Lamps
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard...]. US Department of Transportation. Retrieved on 2006-01-23. 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
External links - DOE Building Technologies Program
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