New York junior Senator and former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton had expressed interest in the 2008 United States presidential election^[1] since at least October 2002, drawing media speculation on whether she would become a candidate.^[2] No woman has ever won the nomination of a major party in the history of U.S. presidential elections.^[3] This article is about the state. ... Senior Senator and Junior Senator are terms commonly used in the media to describe U.S. Senators. ... The state of New York ratified the Constitution on July 26, 1788, thereby becoming the eleventh state. ... First Lady Laura Bush and former first ladies (from left to right) Rosalynn Carter, Sen. ... Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is the junior United States Senator from New York, and is a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2008 presidential election. ... The United States presidential election of 2008, scheduled to be held on November 4, 2008, will be the 55th consecutive quadrennial president and vice president of the United States. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      This list of political parties in the United States contains past and present...

On January 20, 2007, she announced that she was forming an exploratory committee and filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission to seek the nomination of the Democratic Party. Subsequently she began heavy fundraising and campaigning activities. For several months Clinton led opinion polls among Democratic candidates by substantial margins, until Senator Barack Obama pulled close to or even with her. Clinton then regained her lead, winning many polls by double digits; by autumn 2007 she was leading all other Democratic candidates by wide margins in national polls.^[4] She placed third in the Iowa caucus to Barack Obama and John Edwards, ^[5] and trailed considerably in polls shortly thereafter in New Hampshire, before staging a sudden and dramatic comeback and finishing first in the New Hampshire primary.^[6] She went on to win in Nevada, but lost by a heavy margin in South Carolina.^[7] On Super Tuesday, Clinton won delegate-rich states such as California and New York, while Obama won more states; the two gained a nearly equal number of delegates and a nearly equal share of the total popular vote. Clinton then lost the next eleven caucuses and primaries to Obama, and lost the overall delegate lead to him for the first time. On March 4, his consecutive wins increased to twelve when Vermont was called in his favor but after an increasingly aggressive round of campaigning, Clinton broke the string of losses with wins in the Rhode Island, Ohio, and Texas primaries. ^[8] After subsequent losses in Wyoming, Mississippi, and North Carolina, and wins in Pennsylvania, Indiana, and West Virginia, Clinton was left with 1443 elected and pledged delegates, trailing her opponent by 169; Clinton also trails in the superdelegate count by 18. This produces an overall 187-delegate Obama lead, with 1,717 to Obama's 1,904, towards the 2,025 total (pledged and unpledged) delegates needed to win the nomination.^[9] is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... In the election politics of the United States, an exploratory committee is an organization established to help determine whether a potential candidate should run for an elected office. ... The Federal Election Commission (or FEC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the campaign finance legislation in the United States. ... This article is about the nomination process. ... “Barack” redirects here. ... This article is about the American attorney and politician. ... Official language(s) English Capital Columbia Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude 78° 32′ W to 83... is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... The 2008 Democratic National Convention will be held from August 25 to August 28 in Denver, Colorado. ...

Pre-announcement events

Hillary Clinton campaigning for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States. South Hall, San Jose, California, February 1, 2008.

In July 2005 the magazine Washington Monthly ran two side-by-side articles, debating the pros and cons of a potential Clinton candidacy.^[10][11] In February 2006, the The White House Project website named Hillary Rodham Clinton one of its "8 in '08", a group of eight female politicians who could possibly run and/or be elected president in 2008. Former German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder said that he's pulling for Clinton to win the White House: "I'd be very pleased if Hillary Clinton would become the next American president".^[12] For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California Location of San Jose with the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Pueblo founded November 29, 1777 Incorporated March 27, 1850 Government  - Type charter city, mayor-council  - Mayor Chuck Reed  - Vice... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... The Washington Monthly is a magazine based in Washington DC which covers American politics and government. ...   [] (born April 7, 1944), German politician, was Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005. ...

Announcement of candidacy

Clinton announced the formation of her exploratory committee on January 20, 2007, with a post on her website.^[13] In a statement on her campaign website, she left no doubt that she had decided to run: "I'm in. And I'm in to win."^[14] She filed the official paperwork for an exploratory committee.^[15][16] is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ...

No "formal" announcement of her actual candidacy came, as some 2008 presidential candidates omitted that step.^[17]

Campaign staff and policy team

Initial team

Clinton's campaign is run by a team of advisers and political operatives. Patti Solis Doyle was the first female Hispanic to manage a presidential campaign,^[18] which she did from its inception. Deputy campaign manager Mike Henry had managed Tim Kaine's successful campaign for Governor of Virginia in 2005, and coordinated the Democratic advertising efforts for the Senate elections of 2006;^[19] Mark Penn, CEO of PR firm Burson-Marsteller and president of polling company Penn, Schoen & Berland has been described as Clinton's "strategic genius" in a role likened to that which Karl Rove played in George W. Bush's campaigns.^[20] Howard Wolfson, a veteran of New York politics, serves as the campaign spokesperson. Evelyn S. Lieberman, who worked for Clinton when she was First Lady and served as Deputy White House Chief of Staff, is the chief operating officer of the campaign.^[21] Ann Lewis, White House communications director from 1997 to 2000, is Senior Advisor to the campaign.^[22] Cheryl Mills is general counsel for the campaign.^[23] Jonathan Mantz is finance director, Mandy Grunwald the lead media consultant, Neera Tanden the campaign's policy director, Kim Molstre the director of scheduling and long-term planning, Phil Singer the deputy communications director, Leecia Eve a senior policy advisor, Nathaniel Pearlman the chief technology officer, and Minyon Moore a senior policy advisor.^[24] Other campaign workers also date from the "Hillaryland" team of the White House years.^[25] Patti Solis Doyle (born 1965) is an American political operative and currently the campaign manager for the Hillary Rodham Clinton presidential campaign, 2008. ... Timothy Michael Tim Kaine (born February 26, 1958) is an American politician and the current Governor of Virginia. ... Mark J. Penn is worldwide CEO of the public relations firm Burson-Marsteller and president of the polling firm Penn, Schoen and Berland Associates. ... For the Arrested Development episode, see Public Relations (Arrested Development episode). ... Burson-Marsteller is one of the largest public relations agencies in the world. ... Penn, Schoen & Berland Associates describes itself as an innovative strategic market research firm with offices in New York, Washington, D.C. and Denver. ... Karl Christian Rove (born December 25, 1950) was Deputy Chief of Staff to President George W. Bush until his resignation on 31 August 2007. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Evelyn S. Lieberman is an American public affairs professional who, during the Clinton administration, became the first woman to serve as White House deputy chief of staff. ... Ann Lewis was a member of the Senior Staff of President Bill Clinton serving as White House Communications Director (joined in January 1997 as Deputy Communications Director and then Director of Communications from May 1997 through March 1999). ... Cheryl Mills was Deputy White House Counsel for President Bill Clinton, whom she defended during his 1999 impeachment trial. ... Mandy Grunwald (born c. ... Leecia Eve is a Democratic politician and attorney in New York. ... Minyon Moore is a founder of America Coming Together, and heads Dewey Square Groups state and local practice. ... Hillaryland is the self-designated name of a group of core advisors to United States Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton, one of the Democratic Party candidates for President in the 2008 election. ...

In terms of policy advisors and broad supporters, former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright has campaigned for her.^[26] Other big names in her camp include Richard Holbrooke, Sandy Berger, Wesley Clark, Former Congresswoman and VP candidate Geraldine Ferraro, Fmr. Governor and U.S. Secretary of Education Richard Riley, and William Perry.^[27] Less well-known but key region and subject specialists have been the focus of an intense recruiting battle between her and fellow candidate Barack Obama.^[28] In several countries, Secretary of State is a senior government position. ... Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana Korbelová, IPA: , on May 15, 1937) was the first woman to become United States Secretary of State. ... Richard Charles Albert Holbrooke (born April 24, 1941) is an American diplomat, magazine editor, author, Peace Corps official, and investment banker. ... This article is about the American national security advisor. ... Wesley Kanne Clark (born December 23, 1944) is a retired four-star general of the United States Army. ... Geraldine Anne Ferraro (born August 26, 1935) is a Democratic politician and a former member of the United States House of Representatives. ... Richard Wilson Riley (born January 2, 1933), American politician, was the United States Secretary of Education under President Bill Clinton as well as the Governor of South Carolina, is a member of the Democratic Party. ... Secretary of Defense William Perry talks to reporters at Kigali Airport, Rwanda after his arrival to check on status of the relief operation, 1994. ... “Barack” redirects here. ...

An October 2007 study of ongoing presidential campaign staffs showed that 8 out of 14 of her senior staff were women, as were 12 out of 20 of her top-paid staff and 85 out of 161 of her nominally-paid staff; overall she had the largest percentage of women in her campaign of any candidate surveyed other than Mike Huckabee.^[29] Huckabee redirects here. ...

February 2008 reorganisation

On February 10, 2008, Solis Doyle left her position as campaign manager to become a Senior Advisor; while Doyle cited the length of the campaign as the reason for her resignation, it has been reported that she was, in fact, fired.^[20][30] She was replaced as campaign manager by Maggie Williams, Clinton's Chief of Staff when she was First Lady.^[30] Within the next few days, deputy campaign manager Mike Henry also stepped down, as did two top staff members for her web-based operations.^[31][32] An in-depth account published by Joshua Green of The Atlantic attributed Solis Doyle's downfall to her failure to manage campaign spending, her inability to prevent factional disputes within the campaign, and her not recognizing Obama's candidacy as a serious threat early enough.^[20] Henry's departure was then expected, as Solis Doyle had originally brought him in to the campaign.^[31] is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Joshua Green Joshua Green is a senior editor of The Atlantic Monthly and a contributing editor of The Washington Monthly who writes primarily about U.S. politics. ... The Atlantic Monthly (also known as The Atlantic) is an American literary/cultural magazine that was founded in November 1857. ...

April 2008 strategist change

Chief campaign strategist Mark Penn resigned on April 6, 2008, amidst controversy surrounding his work with the Colombian government and the free trade bill opposed by many big unions.^[33][34]
Clinton has remained firm in her opposition to the trade bill and has said she would vote against it. Penn resigned after news surfaced he had met with the Colombian ambassador, not as Clinton's adviser but as CEO of his P.R. firm, though he admitted the subject of the meeting was the trade bill.^[35] He was slated to continue work for the campaign via his polling firm. Mark J. Penn is worldwide CEO of the public relations firm Burson-Marsteller and president of the polling firm Penn, Schoen and Berland Associates. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

Fundraising

The funds being spent: No shortage of direct mail to targeted New Jersey voters before the Super Tuesday primaries on February 5, 2008.

Main article: Fundraising for the 2008 United States presidential election

Direct marketing is a form of marketing that attempts to send its messages directly to consumers, often without the use of intervening media. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

Methods and goals

In January 2007 Clinton announced that she would forgo public financing for both the primary and general elections due to the spending limits imposed when accepting the federal money.^[36] She had $14 million left from her 2006 Senate race, which put her in a good starting position compared to other Democratic candidates. Clinton insiders said the senator's goal is to raise at least $60 million in 2007.^[37] Longtime Democratic political and finance leader Terry McAuliffe is Clinton's campaign chair; notable fundraisers such as Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. and Steven Rattner have signed on to her campaign.^[38] "Bundlers" who collect more than $100,000 for her campaign become known as "HillRaisers";^[39] she has asked them to raise as much as $1 million each.^[40] Elton John raised $2.5 million in a benefit concert for Clinton at Radio City Music Hall, on April 9th.^[41] Terry McAuliffe Terence Richard Terry McAuliffe (b. ... ... Steven Steve Rattner is an American venture capitalist. ... Campaign finance in the United States is the financing of electoral campaigns at the federal, state, and local levels. ... HillRaisers are people who gather at least $100,000 for New York Senator Hillary Rodham Clintons 2008 presidential campaign. ... Sir Elton Hercules[1] John CBE[2] (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947) is a five-time Grammy and one-time Academy Award-winning English pop/rock singer, composer and pianist. ... Radio City Music Hall at Christmas 2005 Radio City Music Hall is an entertainment venue located in New York Citys Rockefeller Center. ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ...

Results

On April 1, 2007, Clinton announced she had raised $26 million during the preceding three months, along with an additional transfer of $10 million from her Senate campaign account to her presidential account. ^[42] This dwarfed the previous record for the comparable quarter, which was $9 million by Al Gore in 1999.^[43] is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... This article is about the former Vice President of the United States. ...

For the second quarter of 2007, Clinton raised about $27 million, less than Obama's newly set records for the quarter of $32.5 million in donations from 258,000 contributors, but more than all other candidates.^[44] According to the Center for Responsive Politics, during the first six months of the year, about 70% of her fundraising came from donors giving the maximum $2,300 each; this compared to figures of 44% for Obama and 42% for Edwards.^[45] The Center for Responsive Politics is a non-partisan, non-profit research group based in Washington, D.C. that tracks money in politics, and the effect of money on elections and public policy. ...

For the third quarter of 2007, which typically sees lower numbers than the rest of the year, Clinton led all candidates with $27 million raised and with 100,000 new contributors.^[46] This beat Obama's $20 million, and allowed Clinton to apportion some of the amount for an expected general election race, rather than the primary season.^[46]

In the fourth quarter of 2007 Clinton raised approximately $20 million, bringing her total for the year to over $100 million.^[47] This equaled the amount raised by Obama in the quarter,^[48] and was also similar to what Republican fundraising surprise Ron Paul garnered during the quarter.^[48] Ronald Ernest Ron Paul (b. ...

During January 2008, Clinton raised $13.5 million.^[49] This paled in comparison to Obama's $32 million for the same month,^[49] and Clinton was forced to loan her campaign $5 million from her and Bill Clinton's personal assets.^[49] Furthermore, Clinton's campaign ended January with $7.6 million in accumulated debt, aside from the personal loan.^[50]Rebounding from weak fundraising in January 2008, Sen. Hillary Clinton is expected to raise $35 million in February 2008—a figure rival Sen. Barack Obama's campaign said it would surpass, a campaign official said February 28, 2008.^[51] On March 6, 2008 it was revealed that Senator Obama raised a record $55 million dollars in February, what the Associated Press reported as the largest amount of funds raised in one month in the history of Presidential primaries.]^[52] January 2008 was the first month of the current year. ... February 2008 is the second month of the leap year and has yet to occur. ... “Barack” redirects here. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

In April, it was revealed that the Clinton campaign began the month $1 million in debt. While the campaign had $20 million cash on hand, only $9 million of it was available for the primary election and the campaign had $10 million in total debt. Clinton adviser Howard Wolfson acknowledged the debt, but noted that "The money continues to come in strongly" and that the campaign would be paying off the debts.^[53]

Campaign Finance Irregularities

Norman Hsu was a businessman with a background in the apparel industry. By 2007 he was a prominent fundraiser for the Clinton campaign, having achieved HillRaiser status, having co-hosted a $1 million fundraiser at wealthy Democratic Party supporter Ron Burkle's Beverly Hills estate,^[54] and having been scheduled to co-host a major gala fundraising event featuring music legend Quincy Jones.^[55] For other uses, see Norman Hsu (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Textile manufacturing. ... HillRaisers are people who gather at least $100,000 for New York Senator Hillary Rodham Clintons 2008 presidential campaign. ... Ronald W. Burkle is a supermarket billionaire from Beverly Hills, with a personal wealth of over $2 billion. ... For other uses, see: Beverly Hills (disambiguation). ... This article is about the producer and songwriter. ...

On August 28, 2007, The Wall Street Journal reported that Hsu may have engaged in improper actions during the collection of "bundled" campaign contribution.^[54] The Clinton campaign rose to Hsu's defense, saying "Norman Hsu is a longtime and generous supporter of the Democratic party and its candidates, including Senator Clinton. During Mr. Hsu's many years of active participation in the political process, there has been no question about his integrity or his commitment to playing by the rules, and we have absolutely no reason to call his contributions into question."^[54] is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an international daily newspaper published by Dow Jones & Company in New York City, New York, USA, with Asian and European editions, and a worldwide daily circulation of more than 2 million as of 2006, with 931,000 paying online subscribers. ... Campaign finance in the United States is the financing of electoral campaigns at the federal, state, and local levels. ...

The next day, on August 29, The Los Angeles Times reported that Hsu was a long-time fugitive, having failed to appear for sentencing in a 1992 fraud conviction.^[56][57] The Clinton campaign reversed course, saying it would give to charity the $23,000 that Hsu personally contributed to her presidential campaign, her Senate re-election and her political action committee,^[58] saying, "In light of the information regarding Mr. Hsu's outstanding warrant in California, we will be giving his contribution to charity."^[59] The campaign said it did not plan to give away funds that Hsu had collected from other donors.^[59] is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Los Angeles Times (also L.A. Times) is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California and distributed throughout the Western United States. ...

Although Hsu had donated to other Democratic candidates as well, scrutiny was focused on the Clinton campaign, with mainstream press reports asking why the Clinton campaign had been unable to take steps to discover Hsu's past,^[60] and speculating that opponents would liken developments to the 1996 United States campaign finance controversy.^[55] Some bastions of the conservative media took a harsher tact, with WorldNetDaily founder Joseph Farah stating baldly that Hillary Clinton should be arrested by the FBI.^[61] Clinton said the Hsu revelations were “a big surprise to everybody.” She added that, “When you have as many contributors as I’m fortunate enough to have, we do the very best job we can based on the information available to us to make appropriate vetting decisions.”^[62] President Clinton with convicted fund-raiser Charlie Trie The 1996 United States campaign finance controversy was an alleged effort by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) to influence domestic American politics prior to and during the Clinton administration and also involved the fund-raising practices of the administration itself. ... Media bias is a real or perceived tendency of journalists and news producers within the mass media to approach both the presentation of particular stories, and the selection of which stories to cover, with an unbalanced perspective. ... For the Internet service, see AT&T WorldNet. ... Joseph Farah is a conservative Christian Lebanese-American journalist with over 30 years of experience, married to Elizabeth Farah and founder of WorldNetDaily (WND), for which he writes a daily commentary. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ...

On September 5, Hsu failed to appear for a court hearing and suddenly became a fugitive again.^[63] The Clinton campaign said, “We believe that Mr. Hsu, like any individual who has obligations before the court, should be meeting them, and he should do so now.”^[63] Hsu was recaptured less than 48 hours later. is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

By September 10, newspaper reports indicated that the FBI was looking into the legitimacy of an investment pool that Hsu had been running at the time of his large-scale contributing.^[64] Moreover, Irvine, California businessman Jack Cassidy said he had, as early as June 2007, tried to warn authorities and the Clinton campaign that Hsu was running an illicit enterprise, and that both officials and the Clinton campaign had been non-responsive.^[64] A California Democratic Party query at the time in June was responded to by the Clinton campaign's western finance director: "I can tell you with 100 certainty that Norman Hsu is NOT involved in a ponzi scheme. He is COMPLETELY legit."^[65] The campaign later said it had further looked at Hsu's public records at the time, but that no problems had emerged.^[65] is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... Motto: Innovation. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... The California Democratic Party is the local branch of the Democratic Party in the state of California. ...

Later on September 10, the Clinton campaign announced it would return the full $850,000 in donations that Hsu had raised from others: "In light of recent events and allegations that Mr. Norman Hsu engaged in an illegal investment scheme, we have decided out of an abundance of caution to return the money he raised for our campaign. An estimated 260 donors this week will receive refunds totaling approximately $850,000 from the campaign." ^[66] In doing so, the Clinton camp set a precedent for how campaigns should deal with potential "bundling" scandals.^[67] The campaign also announced it would put into place tougher procedures for vetting major contributors, including running criminal background checks.^[65] Hsu-raised bundles had also gone to Clinton's political action committee and to her 2006 Senate re-election campaign; Clinton officials were undecided regarding what to do with those funds.^[68] is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A background check is the process of looking up official and commercial records about a person. ... In the United States, a political action committee, or PAC, is the name commonly given to a private group organized to elect or defeat government officials in order to promote legislation, often supporting the groups special interests. ... // Hillary Rodham Clinton Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (born Hillary Diane Rodham on October 26, 1947) is the junior United States Senator from New York, serving her freshman term since January 3, 2001. ...

In the following days, campaign strategists were worried that the Hsu matter had the potential to become a major fundraising scandal that could significantly damage the campaign.^[69] Nevertheless, the campaign indicated that it would try to get donations re-given right after the refunds, for example taking back donations if they clearly came from the donor's bank account rather than from Hsu or another third party^[69] and if the donor swears the money is their own.^[70] Clinton herself affirmed this position: "I believe that the vast majority of those two-hundred-plus donors are perfectly capable of making up their own minds."^[70]

The political watchdog organization Judicial Watch said they would try to get the U.S. Justice Department and the Senate Ethics Committee to investigate the Hsu matter.^[68] Clinton aides stressed that Hsu had never received favorable treatment from her: "The Senate office had no official contact with him, and undertook no actions on his behalf."^[68] Clinton herself called the whole affair "a rude awakening to all of us," meaning other campaigns as well.^[71] Judicial Watch is a American government watchdog organization founded in 1994. ... The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) is a Cabinet department in the United States government designed to enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to the law and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans. ... The U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics is a select committee of the United States Senate charged with dealing with matters related to senatorial ethics. ...

By October 2007 the Hsu matter had quieted down. Clinton's third quarter campaign expenditures report showed the $800,000 in contributions, mostly Hsu-related, being returned to more than 200 donors, some of whom were surprised to see the money coming back and who said they knew not of Hsu.^[72]

In March 2007 a Pakistani immigrant named Abdul Rehman Jinnah was indicted by a grand jury for violating federal election laws. The charges stem from $30,000 in illegal contributions to Clinton's presidential campaign. Hillary Clinton's campaign "denied any knowledge of Jinnah's scheme." ^[73]

In September 2007, reports were made that William Danielczyk, private equity firm head, raised bundled money for Clinton from Republican Party supporters, including at least one who claimed that Danielczyk later reimbursed her, a charge of illegality that Danielczyk denied. The Clinton campaign returned that donation in question, and said in general: "These allegations are troubling and we will again ask each of the individuals solicited by Mr. Danielczyk to affirm that their contributions were given with their own funds."^[74] Private equity is a broad term that refers to any type of equity investment in an asset in which the equity is not freely tradable on a public stock market. ...

In October 2007, an article in the Los Angeles Times stated that, "Dishwashers, waiters and others whose jobs and dilapidated home addresses seem to make them unpromising targets for political fundraisers are pouring $1,000 and $2,000 contributions into Clinton's campaign treasury. In April, a single fundraiser in an area long known for its gritty urban poverty yielded a whopping $380,000." ^[75]. The Times further stated, "At this point in the presidential campaign cycle, Clinton has raised more money than any candidate in history. Those dishwashers, waiters and street stall hawkers are part of the reason. And Clinton's success in gathering money from Chinatown's least-affluent residents stems from a two-pronged strategy: mutually beneficial alliances with powerful groups, and appeals to the hopes and dreams of people now consigned to the margins." .^[75] The New York Post reported similar findings.^[76] The Washington Post editorialized that reports such as these appear "to be another instance in which a Clinton campaign's zeal for campaign cash overwhelms its judgment," comparing it to the 1996 Clinton-Gore finance controversy of her husband.^[77] This just IN !!!:paris hiltons new dog. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C.. It is also one of the citys oldest papers, having been founded in 1877. ... President Clinton with convicted fund-raiser Charlie Trie The 1996 United States campaign finance controversy was an alleged effort by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) to influence domestic American politics prior to and during the Clinton administration and also involved the fund-raising practices of the administration itself. ...

In December 2007, the Sri Lankan Ministry of Defence and the Canada Free Press reported that one of Clinton's fundraisers in New Jersey, a U.S. resident who was associated with a December 12 fundraising event at the State Theatre in New Brunswick, New Jersey, was also a fundraiser for the Tamil Rehabilitation Organization,^[78][79] which the U.S. government has determined^[80] is a front organization for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam,^[81] which is on the U.S. State Department list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.^[82] In February 2008, Hillary Clinton's foreign policy adviser, Andrew Shapiro, announced that the Clinton campaign had returned the T.R.O. donations after complaints of impropriety given the outlawed T.R.O.'s terrorist links ^{[83] [80]} Ministry of Defence (Sri Lanka) The President of Sri Lanka and Minister of Defence, Public Security, Law & Order Hon. ... Canada Free Press is a Canadian website, which publishes news stories, features, and editorials. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The State Theatre, a premier nonprofit venue for the performing arts and entertainment, is located in New Brunswick, New Jersey. ... Nickname: Location of New Brunswick in Middlesex County Coordinates: , Country State County Middlesex Established December 30, 1730 Incorporated September 1, 1784 Government  - Type Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)  - Mayor James Cahill Area  - City  5. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... ... A front organization is any entity set up by and controlled by another organization, such as intelligence agencies, criminal organizations, banned organizations, religious or political groups, advocacy groups, or corporations. ... LTTE redirects here. ... The U.S. State Departments list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations is a list of non-US organizations that are designated as terrorist by the United States Secretary of State in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). ...

A February 13, 2008 NPR article stated (with regard to mailing lists) that "Last year, New York Sen. Hillary Clinton took the unusual step of renting out some of her lists." The Clinton campaign responded "that the lists were rented out by her 2006 Senate campaign committee — and that the rentals took place before she began her formal campaign for president last January." Of this response NPR commented, "That would mean the rental fees went unpaid for at least 11 months. Starke, the analyst, cites Info U.S.A. data showing that on average, it settles accounts within 64 days." ^[84] is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... NPR logo For other meanings of NPR see NPR (disambiguation) National Public Radio (NPR) is a private, not-for-profit corporation that sells programming to member radio stations; together they are a loosely organized public radio network in the United States. ... InfoUSA is one of the largest compilers of consumer information. ...

Campaign developments 2007

Early opposition from two sides

In February 2007 The Los Angeles Times reported that several anti-Clinton organizations, including Stop Her Now and Stop Hillary PAC, were preparing "swiftboating" style attacks against her, with venues to include a documentary film, numerous books, and websites.^[85] A top Rudy Giuliani donor, Richard Collins, who has also supported George W. Bush for several years, was central in establishing "Stop Her Now."^[86] The Los Angeles Times (also L.A. Times) is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California and distributed throughout the Western United States. ... Screenshot of StopHerNow. ... Swiftboating is American political jargon for an ad hominem attack usually resulting in a benefit to an established political force. ... Rudolph William Louis Rudy Giuliani (pronounced ;[1] born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, businessman, and politician from the state of New York who was Mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...

CNN reported that 320,000 users joined the facebook group "Stop Hillary Clinton: (One Million Strong AGAINST Hillary)".^[87] The news blog, The Politico gave the membership number as 418,000 members.^[88] This group was the largest group for or against a presidential candidate on Facebook;^[88] The Politico argued that this happened because "Clinton has had a polarizing effect."^[88] The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ...

Former Bill Clinton fundraiser and ally David Geffen spoke out against Hillary Clinton in an interview with Maureen Dowd. Geffen stated that Clinton "was overproduced and overscripted." He also stated that, "I don't think anybody believes that in the last six years, all of a sudden Bill Clinton has become a different person [...] Everybody in politics lies, but they do it with such ease, it's troubling."^[89] The Clinton campaign responded by stating, "While Senator Obama was denouncing slash and burn politics yesterday, his campaign's finance chair was viciously and personally attacking Senator Clinton and her husband. If Senator Obama is indeed sincere about his repeated claims to change the tone of our politics, he should immediately denounce these remarks, remove Mr. Geffen from his campaign and return his money. While Democrats should engage in a vigorous debate on the issues, there is no place in our party or our politics for the kind of personal insults made by Senator Obama's principal fundraiser." ^[90] David Geffen (born February 21, 1943) is an American record executive, film producer, theatrical producer, philanthropist. ... Maureen Dowd (born January 14, 1952) is a Washington D.C.-based columnist for The New York Times. ...

Accent

Hillary Clinton campaign logo

While speaking from the pulpit of the First Baptist Church in Selma, Alabama on March 4, 2007, as part of ceremonies honoring the anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery marches of 1965, Clinton used a broad Southern Drawl during parts of her talk and used speech patterns common to the Southern United States.^[91] Clinton's defenders pointed out she lived in the Southern United States for 17 years and during the time developed a southern accent.^[92] Defenders of Clinton also pointed out that the most commonly circulated audio and video clips of her "Southern" speech focused on a segment in which she was reciting the lyrics of a James Cleveland hymn and trying to reproduce its original cadences.^[93] On April 20, 2007, while speaking her own words to the annual convention of the National Action Network, she once again temporarily adopted this accent.^[94] On April 27, 2007, while speaking at a Greenville, South Carolina campaign event, Clinton said that she had split her life among three parts of the country and that her sometimes-Southern accent was a virtue.^[95] She joked, "I think America is ready for a multilingual president."^[95] Selma is a city in Alabama located on the banks of the Alabama River in Dallas County, Alabama, of which it is the county seat. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... John Lewis (on right in trench coat) and Hosea Williams (on the left) lead marchers across the Edmund Pettus Bridge, March 7, 1965 The Selma to Montgomery marches, which included Bloody Sunday, were three marches that marked the political and emotional peak of the American civil rights movement. ... Southern American English is a group of dialects of the English language spoken throughout the Southern region of the United States, from Southern and Eastern Maryland, West Virginia and Kentucky to the Gulf Coast, and from the Atlantic coast to throughout most of Texas. ... Historic Southern United States. ... James Cleveland (December 5, 1932 - February 9, 1991) was a gospel singer, arranger, composer and, most significantly, the driving force behind the creation of the modern gospel sound, bringing the stylistic daring of hard gospel and jazz and pop music influences to arrangements for mass choirs. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... The National Action Network (NAN) is a charitable organization founded by the Reverend Al Sharpton and a group of political and human rights activists in New York City, New York in early 1991. ... is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... For other places with the same name, see Greenville. ... Official language(s) English Capital Columbia Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude 78° 32′ W to 83...

Discussion of Iraq war (first debate)

On April 26, 2007, she appeared with seven other Democratic candidates at the first debate of the campaign, held at South Carolina State University in Orangeburg, South Carolina and broadcast on MSNBC. Of her initial Senate vote to approve the U.S. role in the Iraq War, she stated, "If I knew then what I know now, I would not have voted that way." She further stated, "If this president does not get us out of Iraq, when I’m president I will." ^[96] is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... South Carolina State University (also known as SCSU, State College among the older alumni members, or simply State), is a historically black university located in Orangeburg, South Carolina. ... Downtown Orangeburg, South Carolina downtown Orangeburg Orangeburg City Hall/Stevenson Municipal Auditorium Orangeburg, also known as The Garden City, is the largest city and county seat of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States. ... Official language(s) English Capital Columbia Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude 78° 32′ W to 83... For the news website, see msnbc. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ...

Threat

On May 4, 2007, a Louisiana State University student was arrested and held on charges of planning an attack against Clinton during a Baton Rouge appearance.^[97] is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... For other uses, see LSU. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, generally known as Louisiana State University or LSU, is a public, coeducational university located in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and the main campus of the Louisiana State University System. ... Capitol Building Baton Rouge is the capital of Louisiana, a state of the United States of America. ...

Polling trends

All opinion polls in April 2007 showed Clinton as the Democratic frontrunner, however with different margins: Obama was listed in third place nationwide with 17% and John Edwards in second place with 19% behind Clinton with 41% ^[98] according to an Angus-Reid poll, whereas Clinton was listed in first place with 34% and Obama in second place with 29%, ahead of Edwards with only 15% in a Rasmussen-Reports poll. ^[99] By May 2007, polls were showing the race even tighter, with Rasmussen Reports showing Obama pulling ahead of Clinton 32% to 30%.^[100] But on May 24, 2007, a CBS News/NY Times poll showed Clinton, with 46%, 22 points ahead of Obama, with 24%, and 32 points ahead of Edwards, with 14%. Clinton held her lead over the summer; in September a CNN poll showed her leading Obama 46% to 23%,^[4] and in October the same poll showed her commanding majority Democratic support, with 51% compared to Obama's 21% and Edwards' 15%.^[4] is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... CBS News logo, used from Sept. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ...

On May 4, 2007, a Gallup Poll report showed that since the beginning of the year, her favorable-unfavorable ratio had declined from 58% favorable, 40% unfavorable to 45% favorable, 52% unfavorable.^[101] is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... A Gallup Poll is an opinion poll conducted by The Gallup Organization and frequently used by the mass media for representing public opinion. ...

Campaign song

In June 2007, Clinton spoofed the much-talked-about closing scene of "Made in America", the series finale of The Sopranos, with the subject being the voting for her campaign song. The parody shows her entering a diner to Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'", followed by Bill entering but not getting the onion rings he really wants, while daughter Chelsea is unable to parallel park her car. Sopranos cast member Vince Curatola also appears in the skit, mimicking "Man in Members Only" but with his signature Johnny Sack malevolent glare. The screen then goes black.^[102] Episode chronology Made in America is the 86th and final episode of the HBO original series The Sopranos, the ninth episode of the second half of sixth season. ... This article is about the television series. ... Journey is an American rock band formed in 1973 in San Francisco, California. ... Dont Stop Believin is a power ballad by the American rock band Journey originally written about Steve Perrys high school flame, Stephanie Diperna. ... Onion Loaf Onion rings are a type of fast food commonly found in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and other places. ... Parallel parking is a method of parking a vehicle in line with other parked cars. ... Vincent Curatola (born August 16, 1953) in Englewood, New Jersey, United States, is an American actor and writer. ... John Johnny Sack Sacramoni, played by Vince Curatola, is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos. ...

The campaign song selected was Céline Dion's "You and I", which garnered political criticism from Republicans for being "outsourced" to a Canadian singer; the song was written initially for use in an Air Canada commercial.^[103] Céline Marie Claudette Dion, OC, OQ (born March 30, 1968) is a Canadian Grammy, Juno, and Oscar award-winning pop singer and occasional songwriter and actress. ... You and I is the first and only radio single from Céline Dions album A New Day. ... Outsourcing is subcontracting a process, such as product design or manufacturing, to a third-party company. ... Air Canada (TSX: AC.A, TSX: AC.B) is Canadas largest airline and flag carrier. ...

Viral videos

Besides the Sopranos spoof, other popular viral videos played a role in the campaign. In March 2007, "Hillary 1984" spliced footage of Clinton into the legendary "1984" Apple Computers television commercial, ending with a plug for Barack Obama's candidacy. In June 2007 Obama was the beneficiary of the very popular "I Got a Crush on Obama" music video, as an attractive young woman suggestively sang his praises. In July 2007 singer and actress Taryn Southern wrote and performed in an answer music video, "Hott4Hill", that earned national media attention for its sexually ambiguous declaration of support for Hillary Clinton's presidential bid.^[104] In both cases, the videos were created and produced independently of the Obama and Clinton campaigns. In December 2007 satirical site 23/6 produced two videos "against" Clinton by a purported "SwiftKids for Truth" that made fun of viral videos and negative ads in general.^[105] In January of 2008, the Clinton campaign disseminated a video targeting the 18-29 year old demographic in hopes of attracting voters away from Obama.^[106] According to a Newsweek blogger, Andrew Romano, the ad was created by actual young supporters instead of high-paid media consultants.^[107] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Hillary 1984 is the title of the viral video that combines the footage of the 2008 presidential campaign web announcement by Hillary Clinton with the 1984 Super Bowl commercial by Apple Inc. ... A screenshot from the commercial. ... Apple Computer, Inc. ... A still frame from the Ive Got A Crush On Obama music video. ... A music video is a short film or video that accompanies a complete piece of music, most commonly a song. ... Taryn Southern (born on July 16, 1985) is best known from DirecTVs Project MyWorld (which Southern also executive produced), but she was first introduced to the public in 2004 when she made American Idol season threes Top 50. ... This is an incomplete list. ... Hott4Hill is a popular internet viral music video, first posted on YouTube on July 2, 2007, that features an attractive young woman singing of her love for Junior Senator of New York and 2008 U.S. presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ...

First campaign trip with Bill

In early July 2007, Bill Clinton "served served as an opening act" for Hillary during a three-day tour. It was the "first joint public campaign appearance for the couple since Hillary Clinton announced her bid for the White House in January."^[108]

Later debates

Following the July 12, 2007 Democratic candidates debate at an NAACP convention, a live microphone caught Clinton discussing in private with third-in-the-polls fellow candidate John Edwards how to get future debates limited to fewer candidates: "We've got to cut the number . . . They're not serious."^[109] is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), is one of the oldest and most influential hate organizations in the United States. ... This article is about the American attorney and politician. ...

Releasing of First Lady records

In July 2007, watchdog group Judicial Watch sued the National Archives over the slow release of documents covering her career as First Lady.^[110][111] Almost 2 million pages of documents held at the Clinton Library had yet to be released from those years,^[110] with less than 1 percent having been released.^[112] Federal archivists stated that the process is slow due to the need to perform redactions due to the law, and likely would extend past the 2008 presidential election.^[110] Clinton had said at the time of the library's opening in 2004 that "everything's going to be available." ^[113] Political consultants said that the unreleased documents might be a rich source for opposition research against Clinton.^[110] Judicial Watch is a American government watchdog organization founded in 1994. ... The National Archives building in Washington, DC The United States National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States federal government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records. ... William J. Clinton Presidential Library, Little Rock, AR Clinton Presidential Center The William J. Clinton Presidential Center and Park includes the Clinton presidential library and the offices of the Clinton Foundation and the Clinton School of Public Service, established by Bill Clinton, the 42nd President of the United States. ... Oppo redirects here. ...

This issue intensified with the October 30, 2007 Democratic debate at Drexel University, where Hillary Clinton came under fire about it from MSNBC moderator Tim Russert and from Democratic opponents.^[114] Russert displayed a document signed by President Clinton that specifically requested that certain records and communications involving her not be made public until 2012.^[114] When Russert asked Hillary Clinton whether she would lift the presidential order, Hillary Clinton responded by saying, "That's not my decision to make."^[114] A concurrent Newsweek investigation stated that Bill Clinton had requested the archivists hold back a large variety of documents.^[115] A few days later, Bill Clinton vigorously defended his wife's responses, saying that Russert's question was "breathtakingly misleading"^[116] and that Newsweek's article was off the mark,^[117] saying, "She was incidental to the letter, it was done five years ago, it was a letter to speed up presidential releases, not to slow them down."^[116] Factcheck.org subsequently concluded that Russert's claim was incorrect, that Bill Clinton had released White House records earlier and in greater numbers than his two immediate predecessors, and that there was not much Hillary Clinton could do to speed up the release of records involving her.^[118]
However on March 6, 2008, Federal archivists at the Clinton Presidential Library blocked the release of hundreds of pages of White House papers on pardons that the former president approved, including clemency for fugitive commodities trader Marc Rich, based on guidance provided by Bill Clinton.^[119] is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Drexel University is an institution of higher learning and research located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... Timothy John Russert, Jr. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... FactCheck. ... Marc Rich (born Marc David Reich on December 18, 1934) is an international commodities trader. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ...

Fears of backlash

A August 12, 2007 article described concerns that a Clinton candidacy could lead to a backlash due to fears that she might prove "polarizing." The article states, "A strategist with close ties to leaders in Congress said Democratic Senate candidates in competitive races would be strongly urged to distance themselves from Clinton."^[120] According to an online poll, "half of likely voters nationwide said they would never vote for New York Sen. Hillary Clinton." ^[121] is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ...

A October 10, 2007 article in The Hill made the opposite argument stating that Clinton was "not polarizing and highly electable. You didn’t misread that headline. It is contrary to all current conventional wisdom. It is also true — supported not only by recent national polling data but by most polls all year long.^[122] Susan Estrich, on p.66 of her 2005 book, The Case for Hillary Clinton argues, "Hillary Clinton is not polarizing; her competence is accepted." is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... The Hill is a non-partisan, non-ideological newspaper published in Washington, D.C.. It is written for and about the U.S. Congress. ...

Unveiling of health care plan

On September 17, 2007, Clinton revealed her new American Health Choices Plan, an "individual mandate" universal health care plan that would require health care coverage for all individuals. Clinton explained individuals can keep their current employer-based coverage, or choose an expanded version of Medicare or federal employee health plans.^[123][124] The projected cost of the plan is $110 billion annually and will require all employers to cover their employees' health insurance or contribute to the costs of their employees' health insurance coverage; tax credits will be provided to companies with fewer than 25 employees to help cover costs.^[123][71] She proposed to pay for the plan by cutting government medical costs and by not extending the Bush tax cuts to those making over $250,000 a year.^[123] is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Universal health care, or universal healthcare, is health care coverage which is extended to all citizens, and sometimes permanent residents, of a governmental region. ... President Johnson signing the Medicare amendment. ... The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 was a sweeping piece of tax legislation in the United States. ...

Clinton emphasized that this was not a reprise of the failed 1993 Clinton health care plan, saying it reflected her experiences and now involved no new government bureaucracy, but Republican opponents disagreed and immediately dubbed it "Hillarycare 2.0".^[124] However, many of the health care industry groups that had opposed and funded attacks upon the 1993 plan, were now contributors to Clinton campaigns.^[125] Meanwhile, Elizabeth Edwards, wife of fellow Democratic candidate John Edwards, said it was too imitative of Edwards' plan, which had come out seven months earlier.^[126] The Clinton health care plan was a 1993 healthcare reform package proposed by the administration of Bill Clinton, then sitting President of the United States. ... Mary Elizabeth Anania Edwards (born July 3, 1949, in Jacksonville, Florida) is an attorney. ... This article is about the American attorney and politician. ...

$5,000 for every baby

In September 2007, Clinton suggested that every newborn baby receive $5,000 upon reaching their 18th birthday. Clinton said that with this money, "they will be able to access it to go to college or maybe they will be able to make that downpayment on their first home". In October 2007, Clinton withdrew this proposal and according to USA Today stated that "it was just an idea and not a policy proposal".^[127]

Advertisement on care for 9/11 workers

On October 4, 2007 Clinton's campaign began airing television advertisements in Iowa and New Hampshire. The advertisement dealt with Clinton's legislative efforts to address the Ground Zero illness issues of clean-up workers at "the Pile" site of the former World Trade Center. ^[128] Some interpreted the ad as an implicit criticism of then-mayor Rudy Giuliani. ^[128] ... A bucket brigade works to clear rubble and debris on September 14, 2001 The area surrounding the World Trade Center became the site of the greatest number of casualties and missing, and physical destruction. ... The Pile, Manhattan The Pile was the term coined by the rescue workers to describe the tons of wreckage left from the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks on the World Trade Center. ... Rudolph William Louis Rudy Giuliani (pronounced ;[1] born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, businessman, and politician from the state of New York who was Mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001. ...

The ad, filmed in black-and-white, shows an earnest-looking Clinton wearing a paper mask. The voiceover says, "She stood by Ground Zero workers who sacrificed their health after so many sacrificed their lives, and kept standing 'til the administration took action." The ad referred to Clinton's Congressional effort to secure additional funding and medical care for workers who have suffered Ground Zero illnesses, such as cancer and sarcoidosis. ^[129] Black-and-white or black and white) can refer to a general term used in photography, film, and other media (see black-and-white). ...

Debate performance in Philadelphia

During the course of the 2007 Democratic debates Clinton had established a reputation, even amongst her ideological opponents such as Rich Lowry, as a very solid debater who never made mistakes.^[130][131] However, at the October 30, 2007 MSNBC Democratic debate at Drexel University in Philadelphia, Clinton was the subject of two hours of near-continuous attacks from her Democratic rivals^[132] as well as pointed questioning from moderator Tim Russert.^[133] This was not unexpected, as leading up to the debate, Clinton had assumed a wide lead in many polls, rival Barack Obama had indicated that he was now going to be more aggressive in pointing out differences between himself and Clinton, and other leading rival John Edwards had too been increasing his statements against Clinton.^[134] Adam Nagourney of The New York Times called it "the most eagerly anticipated forum of this year."^[134] Rich Lowry on C-SPAN Rich Lowry (born 1968 in Arlington, Virginia) is editor of the conservative monthly magazine, National Review. ... is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... Drexel University is an institution of higher learning and research located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... For other uses, see Philadelphia (disambiguation) and Philly. ... Timothy John Russert, Jr. ... “Barack” redirects here. ... This article is about the American attorney and politician. ... Adam Nagourney (born October 10, 1954 in New York City) is an American journalist covering US politics for The New York Times. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ...

In the debate, Clinton suffered her possible first major campaign setback when she engaged in what reporters for The Washington Post termed "a rare night of fumbles,"^[131] including statements that Jake Tapper of ABC News termed "obfuscatory and less than forthright,"^[135] making for what Roger Simon of The Politico called "the worst performance of her entire campaign" in which "for two hours she dodged and weaved, parsed and stonewalled."^[136] Clinton refused to commit to a position on Social Security, Illegal Immigration, the war in Iraq and the New York Governor Eliot Spitzer's bill to deliver driver's licenses to illegal immigrants. Her response on the last issue brought the most criticism, with opponent Senator Christopher Dodd and Edwards immediately saying she had contradicted herself, an assessment echoed by Margaret Carlson of Bloomberg News, who wrote that "In the course of two minutes, she gave two different answers while trying to give none at all."^[133] The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C.. It is also one of the citys oldest papers, having been founded in 1877. ... Jake Tapper is an American journalist. ... ABC News logo ABC News Special Report ident, circa 2006 ABC News is a division of American television and radio network ABC, owned by The Walt Disney Company. ... The Politico is a Washington, D.C.-based political journalism organization that distributes its content via television, the internet, newspaper, and radio. ... Social Security, in the United States, currently refers to the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. ... Illegal alien and Illegal aliens redirect here. ... Eliot Laurence Spitzer (born June 10, 1959 ) is an American lawyer, politician and the current Governor of New York. ... Christopher John Dodd (born May 27, 1944) is an American lawyer and politician from Willimantic, Connecticut. ... She has appeared as a panelist on the CNN political programs Inside Politics and The Capital Gang, is on the staff at Time Magazine and writes a weekly column for the Los Angeles Times. ... Bloomberg Television is a cable television network that broadcasts business and financial news 24 hours a day. ...

Following the debate, Clinton's opponents seized on the performance. "Senator Clinton offered more of the same Washington calculation, ducking and dodging that won't bring the change America needs," said Barack Obama campaign manager David Plouffe.^[132] It also led to continued speculation by Edwards as to her electability, a theme of attackers during the debate. Clinton's own supporters conceded that her performance had not been very good.^[131][137] The following day, however, the Clinton campaign assembled and released a short video entitled "The Politics of Pile On", which showed her debate opponents mentioning her by name over and over.^[138] Furthermore, during a November 1 speech at her alma mater Wellesley College, she said that "In so many ways, this all-women's college prepared me to compete in the all-boys' club of presidential politics."^[139] This, combined with comments made by some supporters, including remarks by Clinton campaign manager Mark Penn against moderator Russert, led pundits to believe she was playing the "gender card".^[139] This in turn led to another round of criticism of Clinton, who had previously stressed her toughness as being one of her strengths as a potential president;^[139] Obama pointed out that he had never complained that attacks on him were due to his being African-American.^[140] On November 2, Clinton issued a clarification, stating “I don’t think they’re picking on me because I’m a woman, I think they’re picking on me because I’m winning.”^[140]. Meanwhile the Edwards campaign assembled and released a video of Clinton's contradictory debate remarks entitled "The Politics of Parsing", which Daily Kos termed "devastating".^[141] A CNN/Opinion Research Corporation national poll in the wake of the debate and its attendant publicity found Clinton with a reduced but still substantial lead over Obama and Edwards,^[142] while an NBC/Wall Street Journal national poll found her lead to be unaffected;^[143] a WNBC-TV/Marist poll found her lead slipping in first primary state New Hampshire.^[144] A week after the debate, Clinton said, "I wasn't at my best the other night. We've had a bunch of debates and I wouldn't rank that up in my very top list,"^[145] but defended her desire to give nuanced responses to questions and reiterated that gender was not an issue in terms of being subjected to political attacks.^[145] is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Wellesley College (disambiguation). ... Mark J. Penn is worldwide CEO of the public relations firm Burson-Marsteller and president of the polling firm Penn, Schoen and Berland Associates. ... is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Daily Kos (IPA: ) is an American political blog, publishing news and opinion from a progressive point of view. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... Opinion Research Corporation, based in Princeton, New Jersey, is a demographic, health, and market research company. ... This article is about the television network. ... The Wall Street Journal is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with an average daily circulation of 1,800,607 (2002). ... WNBC-TV, NBC4 is the flagship TV station of the NBC television network, with studios located in Rockefeller Center in Manhattan. ... For other uses, see New Hampshire (disambiguation). ...

Prompted Queries

On 12 November 2007, the New York Times reported that "At two campaign events in Iowa this year, aides to Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton encouraged audience members to ask her specific questions, a tactic that drew criticism from an opponent for the Democratic presidential nomination and led her yesterday to promise that it would not happen again." In response, Clinton remarked, 'It was news to me [...] and neither I nor my campaign approve of that, and it will certainly not be tolerated.'"^[146] is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ...

Las Vegas debate

At the next Democratic debate at University of Nevada, Las Vegas on November 15, Clinton rebounded to previous form, aggressively combating Obama's and Edwards' attacks.^[147] Democratic strategist Garry South said, "To the degree she might have been stumbling in the last debate, she regained her footing tonight,"^[147] while ABC News said, "After her roughest two weeks on the presidential campaign trail, [Clinton] showed up on a debate stage in Las Vegas ... with a new aggressive game plan and appeared to successfully get her campaign ship back on course."^[148] Her answer to the previously troublesome question of supporting driver's licenses for illegal immigrants was now given in one word: "No."^[148] UNLV redirects here. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... ABC News logo ABC News Special Report ident, circa 2006 ABC News is a division of American television and radio network ABC, owned by The Walt Disney Company. ...

New Hampshire campaign office hostage-taking

On November 30, 2007, a man identified as 47-year old Leeland Eisenberg^[149], armed with road flares strapped to his chest which he claimed were a bomb, entered a Clinton presidential campaign office in Rochester, New Hampshire.^[150] He took hostage the five people in it, and asked for Clinton, believing she could assist him in gaining psychiatric help.^[151] Two hostages were released early on, a woman and her infant. Other hostages were released sporadically. The standoff ended with Eisenberg's surrender about five hours after the incident began.^[152] Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... A World War I-era parachute flare dropped from aircraft for illumination. ... Nickname: Location within Strafford County, New Hampshire Coordinates: , Country State County Strafford Settled 1749 Incorporated 1778 Government  - Mayor John Larochelle Area  - Total 45. ... For other uses, see New Hampshire (disambiguation). ...

At the time of the event, Clinton was in the Washington D.C. area, scheduled to speak at an Democratic National Committee meeting in Vienna, Virginia; she canceled her appearances at public events for the remainder of the day.^[153] That evening she flew to Rochester in order to meet with and comfort the hostages,^[154] praise the law enforcement officials who handled the situation,^[154] and vow not to change her campaign style due to the incident.^[155] Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the principal organization governing the United States Democratic Party on a day to day basis. ... Vienna is a town in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ...

December 2007: A tightening contest

By early December 2007 the race between her and Obama had tightened up, especially in the early caucus and primary states of Iowa, New Hampshire, and South Carolina.^[156] With real voting less than a month away, Obama was now ahead in some Iowa polls, and had brought in ultra-popular television host Oprah Winfrey to conduct joint campaign rallies in three states before large crowds.^[157] Partly in counter of the latter, Clinton brought into Iowa her daughter Chelsea and a very rare campaign appearance from her 88-year-old mother Dorothy Rodham.^[157] Veteran political observers such as Bloomberg News' Al Hunt reported that "things are tense in Hillaryland these days,"^[158] that the camps of Clinton and her husband were at odds,^[158] and that the campaign's "plan A" of being the dominating, inevitable, establishment candidate was at risk of failing.^[158] Oprah Winfrey, (born January 29, 1954) is a multiple-Emmy Award winning host of The Oprah Winfrey Show, the highest rated talk show in television history. ... Chelsea Victoria Clinton (born February 27, 1980) is the daughter and only child of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and current New York Senator and 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... Dorothy Emma Howell Rodham is the mother of Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... Bloomberg Television is a cable television network that broadcasts business and financial news 24 hours a day. ... Al Hunt (born January 1, 1942) is the executive Washington editor for Bloomberg. ...

On December 13, 2007, Bill Shaheen, co-chairman of the Clinton campaign in New Hampshire, resigned his position^[159] after saying that Obama's admission of past drug use would hurt his chances in a general election matchup: "The Republicans are not going to give up without a fight ... and one of the things they're certainly going to jump on is his drug use ... It'll be, 'When was the last time? Did you ever give drugs to anyone? Did you sell them to anyone?' There are so many openings for Republican dirty tricks. It's hard to overcome."^[160] Shaheen, husband of former Governor of New Hampshire Jeanne Shaheen, apologized for his comments.^[159] In addition he indicated that "they were not authorized by the campaign in any way."^[159] The final Democratic debate before the caucuses was held the same day by the Des Moines Register; it was peaceful and polite among all candidates there.^[159] is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... See also New Hampshire Province of New Hampshire List of Colonial Governors of New Hampshire I am a doodlebug Categories: Lists of United States governors | Governors of New Hampshire ... Jeanne Shaheen (born January 28, 1947) was the first woman to be elected governor of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. ... The Des Moines Register is the daily morning newspaper of Des Moines, Iowa, in the United States. ...

The two most influential newspaper endorsements for the early states were split: Clinton gain the endorsement of The Des Moines Register,^[161] which had endorsed Edwards in 2004, while Obama gained the endorsement of the circulated-in-New Hampshire Boston Globe.^[161] Bill Clinton assumed a more central role in his wife's campaign, trying to focus the day-to-day message on her being a "change" agent, while sometimes getting her campaign into further difficulties with his public statements.^[162] The Des Moines Register is the daily morning newspaper of Des Moines, Iowa, in the United States. ... The Boston Globe is the most widely-circulated daily newspaper in Boston, Massachusetts and in the greater New England region. ...

By mid-month, prompted by continued high negative ratings in polls,^[163] Clinton staged an explicit "likability" drive, using testimonials from friends and constituents on the campaign trail^[163] and on a new "The Hillary I Know" website.^[164] When the close proximity of the first contests to the holidays led to many candidates putting out Christmas videos — allowing them to keep presenting their message but in a more appropriate setting^[165] — Clinton chose one that showed her wrapping various "gifts" she would give the country, such as "universal health care" and "bring troops home", with a bit of humor added when she momentarily could not locate "universal pre-K".^[165] It was one of the most issue-oriented of the candidate holiday videos.^[165]

Caucuses and primaries 2008

See also: Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008 and Results of the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries

This article is about the nomination process. ...

Iowa

In the initial delegate selection event of 2008, she placed third with 29.45 percent of the state delegate selections in the January 3, 2008 Iowa Democratic caucus to Obama's 37.58 percent and Edwards' 29.75 percent.^[166] In terms of the actual number of delegates that would later be selected to the national convention, the difference between the top three candidates was minor, with Clinton possibly ahead of Edwards.^[167] Nevertheless, in terms of damaging her image as the "inevitable" leader in the race and in giving Obama considerable momentum, this was a major blow to Clinton's campaign.^[168] She remained upbeat in her remarks that night, saying that "This race begins tonight and ends when Democrats throughout America have their say. Our campaign was built for a marathon, and we have the resources to run a national race in the weeks ahead."^[168] The following day, reports described "panic" among some Clinton donors;^[169]some Clinton supporters began questioning the soundness of her strategy and the ability of her top campaign advisors,^[170] with chief strategist Mark Penn the focus of particular criticism.^[169] is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Mark J. Penn is worldwide CEO of the public relations firm Burson-Marsteller and president of the polling firm Penn, Schoen and Berland Associates. ...

New Hampshire

Polling showed a tight race in the days leading up to the New Hampshire primary. While some polls showed a dead heat between Clinton and Obama, January 6 polls conducted by CNN/WMUR-TV and USA Today/Gallup showed Obama jumping ahead by 10 and 13 points respectively after winning Iowa.^[171][172] All of the candidates campaigned in New Hampshire during the four days after the Iowa caucuses, targeting undecided and independent voters in the state.^[173] The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... WMUR-TV is the ABC network television affiliate for New Hampshire which also is considered part of the Boston, Massachusetts television market in the southern part of the state. ... USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. ... See: Gallup poll (opinion poll) Gallup, New Mexico ...

At the ABC News/WMUR-TV Democratic debate in Manchester on January 5, Clinton, Obama, and Edwards all battled over who best exemplified the buzzword of the campaign, "change",^[174][175] with Obama and Edwards teaming up against Clinton.^[176] In one noted exchange, Edwards said that Clinton could not bring change, while he and Obama can. "Any time you speak out powerfully for change, the forces for status quo attack." He made clear that he was referring to Clinton, adding, "I didn't hear these kind of attacks from Senator Clinton while she was ahead. Now that she's not we hear them."^[175] Clinton passionately retorted: "Making change is not about what you believe; it's not about a speech you make. It's about working hard. I'm not just running on a promise for change. I'm running on 35 years of change. What we need is somebody who can deliver change. We don't need to be raising false hopes."^[175] At another point, when one moderator asked Clinton why polls showed she was less "likeable" than other candidates, particularly Obama, she joked tongue-in-cheek, "Well that hurts my feelings ... but I'll try to go on."^[174] ABC News logo ABC News Special Report ident, circa 2006 ABC News is a division of American television and radio network ABC, owned by The Walt Disney Company. ... WMUR-TV is the ABC network television affiliate for New Hampshire which also is considered part of the Boston, Massachusetts television market in the southern part of the state. ... Nickname: Location in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire Coordinates: Country United States State New Hampshire County Hillsborough County Incorporated 1751 Government  - Mayor Frank Guinta (R) Area  - City  34. ... is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Sarcasm is the making of remarks intended to mock the person referred to (who is normally the person addressed), a situation or thing. ...

In the wake of the Iowa defeat, the campaign hoped that Bill Clinton could help salvage a win in New Hampshire, where he had achieved a political comeback in his 1992 presidential campaign.^[177] As he had in Iowa, the former President campaigned intensively, but his New Hampshire appearances failed to draw large or enthusiastic crowds.^[177] On the day before the primary, press reports indicated that Hillary Clinton advisers were pessimistic about the immediate future, thinking it was unlikely she would be able to win either New Hampshire or South Carolina.^[178] Bill Clintons 1992 campaign for President of the United States was a critical turning point for the Democratic Party, which had controlled the White House for only four of the previous twenty-four years. ...

That same morning, Clinton became "visibly emotional" ^[179] at a stop in Portsmouth, when after a friendly question from a voter about how she kept going on the campaign trail, she said, "It's not easy, and I couldn't do it if I just didn't, you know, passionately believe it was the right thing to do."^[179] Location in Rockingham County, New Hampshire Coordinates: , Country State County Rockingham County Incorporated 1653 Government  - Mayor Steve Marchand  - City manager John P. Bohenko Area  - City  16. ...

On election day, January 8, 2008, seven different polls led to a win for Obama, by margins from 5 points to 13 points, with an average of 8.3 points.^[180] Elegies were published on the Clinton campaign.^[181] Weather was good and voter turnout was reported as heavy all day long, with election officials worried they might run out of ballots;^[182] the large turnout was expected to favor Obama. During the day and into the evening there were reports of a major shakeup in Clinton's campaign staff scheduled for the next day, in the wake of an expected loss.^[183] is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

In contrast to expectations, Clinton won New Hampshire ^[184] gaining about 39 percent of the vote compared to Obama's 36 percent.^[185] In her victory remarks to supporters that evening, Clinton said, "I come tonight with a full heart. Over the last week, I listened to you, and in the process I found my own voice."^[186]

In the following days, media outlets engaged in self-examinatory listing of the many faults of their coverage,^[187] while pundits advanced dozens of theories to explain the unexpected result.^[188] The reason for the comeback that most captured the public imagination was her humanization in the last days of the campaign, in particular the "likeability" issue being raised in the debate and her moment becoming became "visibly emotional" the day before which resonated with female voters.^[189]

Meanwhile, Internet theories sprung questioning the voting and arguing that there were discrepancies between machine-counted votes (which supported Clinton overall) and hand-counted votes (which supported Obama overall).^[190] Fifth-place finisher Dennis Kucinich's campaign paid $25,000 to have a recount done of all Democratic ballots cast in the primary,^[191] saying "It is imperative that these questions be addressed in the interest of public confidence in the integrity of the election process and the election machinery."^[192] On January 16 the New Hampshire Secretary of State’s office began the recount.^[191] After recounting 23 percent of the state's Democratic primary votes, the Secretary of State announced that no significant difference was found in any candidate's total, and that the oft-discussed discrepancy between hand-counted and machine-counted ballots was solely due to demographic factors.^[193] Dennis John Kucinich (IPA: ) (born October 8, 1946) is an American politician of the Democratic party and a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in both 2004 and 2008. ... Dennis Kucinich announced on December 26, 2006 that he would persue the nomination for the Democratic President of the United States. ... An election recount takes place in the event that the initial vote tally during an election is extremely close, and that therefore a recount of the ballots is necessary to insure an accurate result. ... is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The department of the Secretary of State of New Hampshire is in charge of all elections within the state of New Hampshire, named after its director, New Hampshires Secretary of State. ...

Maya Angelou

American poet, author, and actress, Maya Angelou recited her poem, "On the Pulse of Morning" at President Bill Clinton's inauguration in 1993, the first poet to do so since Robert Frost at John F. Kennedy's inauguration in 1961.^[194] In January, 2008 Angelou announced that she wrote a poem for Hillary entitled State Package for Hillary Clinton for The Observer.^[195] On the subject of writing the poem, The Guardian stated that, "Angelou is steadfast in her loyalty to Clinton. She said recently: 'I made up my mind 15 years ago that if she ever ran for office I'd be on her wagon' [...] Angelou says that she has had many long telephone conversations with [Oprah] Winfrey on the subject of Obama versus Clinton. 'She thinks he's the best, and I think my woman is the best,' she has explained. 'Oprah is a daughter to me, but she is not my clone.'"^[195] On April 30, 2008 Angelou made a public endorsement of Clinton. ^[196] A poet is a person who writes poetry. ... For other uses, see Author (disambiguation). ... Actors in period costume sharing a joke whilst waiting between takes during location filming. ... Maya Angelou (IPA: [1]), born Marguerite Ann Johnson, April 4, 1928 in St. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was an American poet. ... John Kennedy and JFK redirect here. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... The Oprah Winfrey Show is the longest-running daytime television talk show in the United States, and is hosted, produced and owned by Oprah Winfrey. ...

Issues of race

Issues of race came to the forefront as campaigning began for the January 26 South Carolina primary, the first to feature large African American participation in the Democratic electorate. First, in the closing stages of the New Hampshire campaign, Bill Clinton had referred to Obama's claim that he has been a staunch opponent of the Iraq War from the beginning as a "fairy tale," which some subsequently thought was a characterization of Obama's entire campaign.^[197] The former President called in to Al Sharpton's radio show to personally clarify that he respected Obama and believed in his viability.^[197] is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... Alfred Charles Al Sharpton Jr. ...

Around the same time, Hillary Clinton discussed Martin Luther King, Jr. and President Lyndon Johnson in an interview for Fox News. She stated that, "I would point to the fact that that Dr. King's dream began to be realized when President Johnson passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, when he was able to get through Congress something that President Kennedy was hopeful to do, the President before had not even tried, but it took a president to get it done. That dream became a reality, the power of that dream became a real in people's lives because we had a president who said we are going to do it, and actually got it accomplished." ^[198] Some African-American leaders took this statement as a denigration of the accomplishments of King and the larger American civil rights movement.^[197] Hillary Clinton blamed Obama for the controversy, claiming his campaign had fanned the flames, a charge which Obama dismissed as "ludicrous".^[197] Shortly before, and during, a January 15 Democratic debate in Nevada, Clinton and Obama declared a truce on the matter, with both making reconciliatory statements about race, gender, and each other.^[199] However, there was concern that Clinton's support among some African Americans may have been damaged,^[199] with SUNY Albany's Debra Dickerson stating "The Clintons have to do something dramatic and symbolic to win back the trust of many African-Americans."^[199] Martin Luther King redirects here. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ... Fox News Channels slogan is We Report, You Decide The Fox News Channel is a U.S. cable and satellite news channel. ... First page of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. ... John Kennedy and JFK redirect here. ... Dwight David Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was a five-star General in the United States Army and U.S. politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ... Prominent figures of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... University at Albany Sapientia et sua et docendi causa (Wisdom both for its own sake and for the sake of teaching) The University at Albany, located in Albany, New York, USA, is a university center of the State University of New York. ... Debra J. Dickerson (born 1959) is an American author and editor. ...

In part the tension resulted from the historical coincidence of the first viable female presidential candidate, and the first viable African American candidate, running against each other in the same nomination race.^[200] One South Carolina pastor lamented that he had been waiting all his life for either "first" to happen, and said, "I really hate that they had to run at the same time in the same election. It just makes what should be a wonderful situation very stressful for folk like me. I never imagined you could have too much of a good thing."^[201] Clinton acknowledged that she understood the situation: "I wish it didn't have to be a choice. I think a lot of people who are torn between us feel that way. But it is a contest ..."^[201] Feminism and the civil rights movement had a long intertwined history in the United States, often working in concert but sometimes opposed;^[200] while the bitter 19th century split between Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Frederick Douglass illustrated the latter, the unified opposition to the Supreme Court nomination of Clarence Thomas had exemplified the former.^[200] After the Clinton-Obama tension on this matter, one Democrat interviewed by the Financial Times said, "After Iowa, Obama was the post-racial candidate who appealed to all of our better natures. Now he's a black politician and she's a woman. And it is back to politics as usual."^[199] Elizabeth Cady Stanton (November 12, 1815 – October 26, 1902) was an American social activist and leading figure of the early womans movement. ... Frederick Douglass, ca. ... Clarence Thomas (born June 23, 1948) is an American jurist and has been an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States since 1991. ... The Financial Times (FT) is a British international business newspaper. ...

===Michigan Because of a party dispute over scheduling, the January 15 Michigan primary lost its delegates to the national convention, and all major candidates signed a pledge "not to campaign or participate" in Michigan's primary. The majority of candidates, including Richardson, Edwards and Obama, interpreted the pledge as requiring the removal of their names from the Michigan ballot. Clinton, however, decided to keep her name on the ballot, only agreeing to the "campaign" part of the pledge. Thus, little or no campaigning was done there (in the actual vote, Clinton would win nothing with 55 percent of the vote against 40 percent for an uncommitted slate^[202]) and attention instead moved to the January 19 Nevada caucuses. is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Later, in the month, Clinton announced that she wanted a Michigan delegation (and Florida's, in the same circumstance) seated at the convention,^[203] saying "I hear all the time from people in Florida and Michigan that they want their voices heard in selecting the Democratic nominee. I believe our nominee will need the enthusiastic support of Democrats in these states to win the general election, and so I will ask my Democratic convention delegates to support seating the delegations from Florida and Michigan."^[203] The Obama campaign responded that it was clear these contests were for no delegates and that "it seems like Hillary Clinton will do or say anything to win an election."^[203]

Former DNC chairman Terry McAuliffe, who is currently serving as Clinton's campaign chairman, threatened Michigan Senator Carl Levin with refusing to seat Michigan delegates at the 2004 Democratic National Convention if Michigan moved its primary election to an earlier date.^[204]) Terry McAuliffe Terence Richard Terry McAuliffe (b. ... Carl Milton Levin (born June 28, 1934) is a Democratic United States Senator from Michigan and is the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Armed Services. ... 2004 Democratic National Convention logo The 2004 Democratic National Convention culminated in the arrival of John Kerry on July 29 to address the delegates. ...

Nevada

The Clinton campaign benefited from a surge in fundraising after its New Hampshire win, garnering $6 million in new funds.^[205]

In Nevada, Obama gained the valuable endorsement of the Culinary Workers Union, whose 60,000 members staff the casinos and resorts of Las Vegas and elsewhere.^[206] Clinton countered by appealing to the Hispanic vote in the state, emphasizing that they were at special risk from the fallout from the subprime mortgage crisis.^[207] Meanwhile, a proxy legal battle between Clinton and Obama broke out over the creation of special at-large precincts within nine Las Vegas resorts, which were approved in 2007 to allow casino employees a chance to participate in the caucuses, as many employees could not leave the casinos during voting hours. Clinton supporters said they violated equal protection and one-person-one-vote requirements, and the Nevada State Education Association filed a lawsuit seeking to eliminate the casino caucus sites. The organization did not officially endorse Clinton, but many of its top officials have done so.^[206] This led Obama to allege that the suit was filed in order to hurt his chances at the caucuses. "Some of the people who set up the rules apparently didn't think we'd be as competitive as we were and are trying to change them last minute," he said.^[208] The south end of The Strip; approximately one third of the entire Strip is represented here The Las Vegas Strip (also known as The Strip) is an approximately 4 mile (6. ... Hispanic (Spanish: ; Portuguese: ; Latin: , adjective from Hispānia, the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically denoted relation to the ancient Hispania and its peoples. ... The subprime mortgage crisis is an ongoing problem manifesting itself through liquidity issues in the banking system which have become more prevalent due to foreclosures which accelerated in the United States in late 2006 and triggered a global financial crisis during 2007 and 2008. ...

On January 17, a federal judge ruled that the casino at-large caucus plan could go ahead. This was seen as a win for Obama because of the Culinary Workers Union endorsement.^[208] is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

To further complicate matters, the major news and polling organizations decided to not do any polls before the Nevada caucuses, fearing the newness of the caucus, the transient nature of Nevada's population, and more fallout from their bad experience in New Hampshire.^[209] In one of the few polls that was conducted, the Las Vegas Review-Journal reported that Clinton was ahead by 9 points.^[210] The Las Vegas Review-Journal, also known as The R-J, is published in Las Vegas, Nevada. ...

Clinton finished first in the caucuses on January 19, winning 51% of delegates to the state convention compared to 45% for Obama.^[211] After the caucuses, there was dispute over which candidate would send more delegates to the national convention. It appeared that Obama won 13 to Clinton's 12, because the apportionment of delegates is based on county totals. Delegates to the national convention will be determined officially at the April 19 state convention,^[212] and the Nevada Democratic Party said that it was not necessarily true that state delegate preferences would remain the same by that time.^[213] On January 23, the Obama campaign filed an official letter of complaint with the Nevada Democratic Party charging the Clinton campaign with many violations of party rules during the caucuses, based upon 1,600 complaints they had received.^[214] The Clinton camp said the Obama operation was "grasping at straws" and that they had their own complaints about Obama campaign actions during the caucuses.^[214] is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nevada Democratic Party is the local branch of the Democratic Party in the state of Nevada. ...

South Carolina

The issues of race that came to the forefront had no greater effect that where campaigning began for the January 26 South Carolina primary, the first to feature large African American participation in the Democratic electorate. The January 22 CNN/Congressional Black Caucus debate in Myrtle Beach was according to CNN a "debate punctuated by sharp exchanges." ^[215] Clinton criticized Obama for voting "present" on many occasions while in the Illinois Senate. "It's hard to have a straight up debate with you because you never take responsibility for any vote," she said. Obama said that he was working to help unemployed workers in Chicago while Clinton was "a corporate lawyer sitting on the board at Wal-Mart."^[216] He also took issue with statements made on the campaign trail by Bill Clinton, saying "I can't tell who I'm running against sometimes."^[217] It was the most-watched primary season debate in cable television news history.^[218] In the days after the debate, Hillary Clinton left to campaign in some Super Duper Tuesday states^[219], while Bill Clinton stayed in South Carolina and engaged in a series of exchanges with Obama.^[220] Clinton's decision to leave the state was subject to criticism. ^[221] Hillary aides responded by stating that criticism directed towards Clinton was created in order to "to undermine the former president". ^[222] Edwards stayed clear of the fray in the debate and later said that he represented the "grown-up wing" of the party.^[223] is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... The Congressional Black Caucus is an organization representing African American members of the Congress of the United States. ... Myrtle Beach is a city located in Horry County, South Carolina. ... The Illinois Senate convenes at the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Currently 20 states are scheduled to hold caucuses or primary elections on Super Duper Tuesday. ...

Bill Clinton attracted controversy for his participation in his wife's campaign after a series of attacks made on his part against Obama, which many former Clinton supporters felt to be unfair. ^{[224][225][226]} While some felt the attacks against Obama may eventually pay off,^[227] others felt it would damage Hillary Clinton's presidential prospects and alienate Democratic voters in the general election if she won the nomination. ^[224][228] There was also concern that the former President was overshadowing the candidate on the campaign trail.^{[229][230][231]} According to CBS, "By injecting himself into the Democratic primary campaign with a series of inflammatory and negative statements, Bill Clinton may have helped his wife's presidential hopes in the long term but at the cost of his reputation with a group of voters that have long been one of his strongest bases of political support."^[232][233] Some critics accused Clinton of "pulling the race card"^{[234][235][236]} against Barack Obama. This article is about the broadcast network. ...

On January 26, Obama won by a more than two-to-one margin over Clinton, gaining 55 percent of the vote to her 27 percent and Edwards' 18 percent.^[237] Bill Clinton had compared Obama's victory to Jesse Jackson's victory in the 1988 South Carolina primary, in which he said "Jackson ran a good campaign. And Obama ran a good campaign here." These comments he would be criticized for because they were widely seen as implying that Obama was "the black candidate ^[238]." Hillary Clinton would later apologize for her husband's remarks in front of the State of the Black Union conference. ^[239] Clinton had already left the state and gave her concession speech from Tennessee State University, where she said she was looking forward to the February 5 Super Duper Tuesday contests.^[237] is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Tennessee State University (TSU) is a comprehensive, urban, coeducational land-grant university founded in 1912. ... is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Currently 20 states are scheduled to hold caucuses or primary elections on Super Duper Tuesday. ...

Kennedy family endorsements

In late 2007, Robert F. Kennedy Jr.^[240] and his sisters Kathleen Kennedy Townsend and Kerry Kennedy^[241] (children of the late Senator and United States Attorney General, Robert F. Kennedy) announced that they would be endorsing Hillary Clinton. Robert Francis Kennedy Jr. ... Kathleen Kennedy Townsend Kathleen Hartington Kennedy Townsend (born July 4, 1951) was lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Maryland from 1995 to 2003. ... Mary Kerry Kennedy (known as Kerry) was born September 8, 1959, in Washington, D.C., the seventh of the eleven children of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel Kennedy. ... Seal of the United States Department of Justice The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice (see 28 U.S.C. Â§ 503) concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement officer of the United States government. ... Robert Francis Bobby Kennedy (November 20, 1925 – June 6, 1968), also called RFK, was one of two younger brothers of U.S. President John F. Kennedy and served as United States Attorney General from 1961 to 1964. ...

On 27 January 2008, their cousin Caroline Kennedy (President John F. Kennedy's daughter) announced in a New York Times op-ed piece entitled, "A President Like My Father", that she would endorse Barack Obama in the 2008 U.S. presidential election.^[242] On the same day, her uncle Senator Ted Kennedy announced that he would endorse Obama ^[243][244] despite appeals by both Clintons not to do so.^[244] Senator Kennedy's endorsement was considered among the most influential that any Democrat could get.^[245] In particular, it raised the possibility of improving Obama's vote-getting among unions, Hispanics, and traditional base Democrats.^[244] It was later followed by an announcement that his son Rep. Patrick J. Kennedy would also endorse Obama. ^[246][247] is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Caroline Bouvier Kennedy Schlossberg (born November 27, 1957) is the daughter and only surviving child of U.S. President John F. Kennedy and his wife, Jacqueline. ... John Kennedy and JFK redirect here. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... “Barack” redirects here. ... The United States presidential election of 2008, scheduled to be held on November 4, 2008, will be the 55th consecutive quadrennial president and vice president of the United States. ... For other persons named Ted Kennedy, see Ted Kennedy (disambiguation). ... For other persons named Patrick Kennedy, see Patrick Kennedy (disambiguation). ...

In response to these endorsements, Robert, Kathleen, and Kerry wrote in a January 29, 2008 editorial, "By now you may have read or heard that our cousin, Caroline Kennedy, and our uncle, Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, have come out in favor of Sen. Barack Obama. We, however, are supporting Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton because we believe that she is the strongest candidate for our party and our country."^[248] California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, a member of the Kennedy family through his marriage to Maria Shriver commented, "What is surprising is that I think for the first time, the family is not in sync [...] three of them have endorsed Barack Obama and three of them have endorsed Hillary Clinton. I think that's the interesting story there." ^[249] Shriver's brother, Anthony Shriver, is supporting Clinton as well.^[250] is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger (German IPA: ; born July 30, 1947) is an Austrian-American bodybuilder, Golden Globe-winning actor, businessman and politician currently serving as the 38th Governor of the U.S. state of California. ... Maria Owings Shriver (pronounced: ) (born November 6, 1955[1] in Chicago, Illinois) is an American journalist and the wife of California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and as such, the current First Lady of California. ...

Impact of Bill Clinton

Bill Clinton campaigning for Hillary Clinton at Virginia Tech. February 9, 2008.

After South Carolina, the Clinton campaign sought to find a "gentler" role for Bill Clinton,^[251] whose actions during the South Carolina campaign and earlier was suspected of having polarized the Democrat electorate and harming Hillary Clinton's standing among women,^[251] in addition to having contributed to Ted Kennedy's decision to endorse Obama.^[244] Congressman Charles Rangel, an outspoken Hillary Clinton supporter, said of Bill Clinton, “He’s got to [pull back]. The focus has got to get back on Hillary. For all that he cares about his wife, this has to be her election to win, and it’s become too much about his role.”^[251] By two days after South Carolina, CNN's Candy Crowley reported that there was "a huge wave" of sentiment inside and outside the Clinton campaign that the former President "needs to stop."^[252] William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... This article or section should include material from Virginia Bioinformatics Institute. ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Charles Bernard Rangel Charles Bernard Rangel (born June 11, American politician. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... Magda Candy Crowley is a CNN political correspondent, specializing in U.S. presidential, gubernatorial, and Senate elections. ...

Bill Clinton did subsequently maintain a lower profile on the campaign, relying on standard talking points and rarely mentioning Obama by name,^[253] or if he did, praising him: "I'm not against anybody. I'm for Hillary ... If you disagree, you have another very attractive choice."^[254] Bill Clinton said that in retrospect, "Everything I have said has been factually accurate, but I think the mistake I made was to think I was a spouse just like any other spouse who could defend his candidate. I think I can promote Hillary but not defend her because I was president."^[253]

By late February, with Hillary Clinton trailing further behind Obama, one unnamed senior adviser to her campaign said that in hindsight it had been unwise to use Bill Clinton as much as they had, as “his presence, aura and legacy caused national fatigue with the Clintons.”^[255]

Florida — maybe

The Florida Primary on January 29, like the earlier Michigan one, had had its delegates stripped from it due to its jumping too early in the primary season. The Democratic candidates agreed not to campaign in the state, although unlike Michigan all were on the ballot here. Several days before the primary, Clinton announced that she believed Florida delegates should get seated at the national convention.^[203] is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Despite no delegates apparently being at stake, over 1.5 million Democrats voted in the primary. Clinton won with 50 percent of the vote, compared to 33 percent for Obama and 14 percent for Edwards.^[256] Clinton was in Florida that evening and gave a brief victory speech, saying, "You know, I could not come here to ask in person for your votes. But I am here to thank you for your votes today. This has been a record turnout because Floridians wanted their voices to be heard on the great issues that affect our country and the world."^[257]

Super Tuesday

Clinton campaigning at Augsburg College in Minneapolis, Minnesota, two days before the twenty-two state vote.

Super Tuesday took place on 05 February 2008, with twenty-two states holding Democratic caucuses or primary elections on this date.^[258] It was preceded by two events for Clinton. The first was a debate held at the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles on January 31 which was notable for its civil tone.^[259] The second was Hillary’s Voices Across America: A National Town Hall which was broadcast on the Hallmark Channel at 9pm on February 4. ^[260][261] During this time, Clinton also announced that she had loaned her campaign $5 million. Of this loan Clinton commented, "I loaned it because I believe very strongly in this campaign. We had a great month fund-raising in January, broke all records. But my opponent was able to raise more money." ^[262] Augsburg College is a liberal arts college of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... Minneapolis redirects here. ... In the United States, Super Tuesday commonly refers to a Tuesday in early March of a presidential election year. ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Kodak Theatre. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Hallmark Channel is a cable television network that broadcasts in over 100 countries. ... is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

There were a number of issues at stake going into Super Tuesday, with no clear winner assured in the race. ^[263] One critical factor was the California primary which was deemed the "biggest prize in the Super Tuesday contest: the state delivers 370 delegates for the Democratic candidates."^[263] In the California contest, Clinton had gained three important endorsements: Congresswoman Maxine Waters, Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, and San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom. ^[264] Maxine Waters (born Maxine Moore Carr on August 15, 1938) has served as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives since 1991, representing the 35th District of California (map). ... Antonio Ramon Villaraigosa (born Antonio (Tony) Ramon Villar, Jr. ... Gavin Christopher Newsom (born October 10, 1967) is the 42nd Mayor of San Francisco, California and a member of the Democratic Party. ...

Clinton won nine states on Super Tuesday including important delegate rich ones: the California Primary, 52% to 42%, with 204 delegates for Clinton and 160 for Obama; the New York Primary 57% to 40% with 139 delegates for Clinton and 93 for Obama; the New Jersey Primary 54% to 44% with 59 delegates for Clinton and 48 for Obama; the Arizona Primary 51% to 42% with 31 delegates for Clinton and 25 for Obama; the Arkansas Primary 70% to 20% with 27 delegates for Clinton and 8 for Obama; Oklahoma Primary, 61% to 37%, of which Clinton gained 24 delegates and Obama 14; and Tennessee Primary, 54% to 41%, of which Clinton gained 40 delegates and Obama 28. ^[265] She also won the Massachusetts Primary 56% to 41%, of which Clinton gained 55 delegates and Obama 38.^[265] The Massachusetts Primary was described by The Guardian as a "symbolically important triumph" for Clinton.^[266] New Mexico had to postpone declaring a winner in order to conduct a recount.^[267] Clinton was announced the winner of New Mexico on February 14. ^[268] Obama won the primaries in Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Missouri and Utah. He also won all of the states which held caucuses — Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Minnesota and North Dakota;^[265] among the reasons for this were his campaign's fundraising advantage, which allowed him to procure the costly ground operations crucial to success in caucuses.^[50] According to CBS News estimates, Obama won 803 pledged delegates on Super Tuesday and Clinton took 799.^[269] This article is about the U.S. state. ... This article is about the state. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... For other uses, see Oklahoma (disambiguation). ... This article is about the U.S. state of Tennessee. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ...

Within a few days after Super Tuesday, Clinton raised $10 million from 100,000 donors. ^[270]

Louisiana, Nebraska, Washington, and Maine

Clinton competed in Washington, with advertising and personal appearances, as well as in Maine, with Bill Clinton going to Louisiana.^[271] In Washington, which had the most delegates at stake, Clinton had the endorsements of Senators Patty Murray and Maria Cantwell, but lost Governor Christine Gregoire to Obama.^[272] Nebraska was visited by daughter Chelsea Clinton, who talked to students at Creighton University.^[273] Patricia Lynn Murray (born October 11, 1950) is the senior United States Senator from Washington. ... Maria E. Cantwell (born October 13, 1958) is the junior United States Senator from Washington state and is a member of the Democratic Party. ... Christine OGrady Chris Gregoire (born March 24, 1947) is the Democratic governor of the U.S. state of Washington. ... Chelsea Victoria Clinton (born February 27, 1980) is the daughter and only child of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and current New York Senator and 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... Creighton University is a Jesuit, Catholic university located in Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America. ...

On February 9, Clinton lost the Louisiana primary 57% to 36%, the Nebraska caucuses 68% to 32%, and the Washington caucuses 68% to 31%.^[274] Across the three states, Obama gaining 84 delegates to Clinton's 45.^[274] On February 10, Clinton lost the Maine caucus 59% to 40%. Obama gained 15 delegates to Clinton's 9.^[275] is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Potomac primary

The "Potomac primary", with votes cast in Maryland, the Virginia, and the District of Columbia, was held on February 12. is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Clinton made personal appearances in the District,^[276] Maryland,^[277] and Virginia.^[278] Obama was able to begin his television advertising in the states earlier than Clinton, due to his campaign's fundraising advantage.^[50] Clinton lost the D.C. primary 75% to 24%, the Maryland primary 60% to 37% (with 96% of the precincts reporting), and the Virginia Primary 64% to 35%.^[279]

Clinton herself responded to the loss by stating, "I think everybody knew that he was favored there. My husband lost Maryland when he was running in the primary. We go on. We’re ready for the contests that are upcoming. There are hundreds of delegates that will be in play on March the 4th. We are well organized and well positioned." ^[280] Regarding a response to Obama's win CNN argued, "for the second election night in a row, Hillary Clinton failed to acknowledge or congratulate Barack Obama after he won the day in dominating fashion."^[281] CBS, however, quoted Clinton as telling reporters, 'I want to congratulate Senator Obama on his recent victories and tell him to meet me in Texas, we’re ready.'"^[280] The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... This article is about the broadcast network. ...

On February 14 a national poll by Ipsos-Public Affairs placed Clinton at 46% and Obama at 41%.^[282] National polls from Rasmussen and Gallup were released the same day. Rasmussen showed Obama ahead 49-37, and Gallup had the race virtually even, with Obama holding a one-point lead.^[283][284] The same day, Obama passed Clinton in the overall Pollster.com aggregate national poll for the first time during the campaign.^[285] NBC News noted that even if Florida and Michigan were included in the tally, Obama led in the total popular vote after the Potomac primary.^[286] is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Role of superdelegates

Following the Potomac primary, the potential role of superdelegates in deciding the Democratic nomination was heavily discussed. In particular, the possibility of one candidate gaining more pledged delegates from primary and caucus wins, but losing the nomination to the other due to the decisions of superdelegates, made some Democratic leaders uncomfortable. The Clinton camp, behind in pledged delegates, advocated that superdelegates exercise their own judgment in deciding which candidate to back, while the Obama camp, ahead in pledged delegates, advocated that superdelegates follow the will of the voters and back whichever candidate had the most pledged delegates.^[287] Some party leaders, such as U.S. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, argued for the latter interpretation,^[288] while others such as Democratic National Committee chair Howard Dean^[289] and former Democratic vice-presidential candidate Geraldine Ferraro argued for the former,^[290] with Ferraro stating, "The superdelegates were created to lead, not to follow."^[290] Dennis Hastert of Illinois, the current Speaker of the House (since January 6, 1999) The Speaker of the House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. ... Nancy Patricia DAlesandro Pelosi (born March 26, 1940) is currently the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. ... The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the principal organization governing the United States Democratic Party on a day to day basis. ... Howard Brush Dean III (born November 17, 1948) is an American politician and physician from the U.S. state of Vermont, and currently the chairman of the Democratic National Committee, the central organ of the Democratic Party at the national level. ... Geraldine Anne Ferraro (born August 26, 1935) is a Democratic politician and a former member of the United States House of Representatives. ...

African American superdelegates previously pledged to Clinton, found themselves under pressure to switch to supporting Obama's historic candidacy;^[288] Representative Jesse Jackson, Jr. suggested that those staying with Clinton might face Democratic primary challenges in the future.^[291] MoveOn.org started an Internet petition to urge superdelegates to "let the voters decide between Clinton and Obama, then support the people's choice."^[292] Jesse Louis Jackson, Jr. ... MoveOn is a non-profit public policy advocacy group[2] that has raised millions of dollars for Democratic Party candidates in the United States. ...

While Clinton was viewed as having an institutional advantage in amassing superdelegates by virtue of her fifteen years of national prominence in party politics.^[293] However, Obama had heavily outspent Clinton in previous contributions to superdelegates through their political action committees.^[294] In the United States, a political action committee, or PAC, is the name commonly given to a private group organized to elect or defeat government officials in order to promote legislation, often supporting the groups special interests. ...

Whether or not Clinton actually could prevail with the help of party-appointed superdelegates was also an increasingly debated question, as Obama gained 47 new superdelegates between Super Tuesday and mid-March, while Clinton lost 7.^[295]

Wisconsin and Hawaii

The Wisconsin primary and the Hawaii caucuses were next on the campaign schedule. Chelsea Clinton made appearances at four Wisconsin universities: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, University of Wisconsin-Madison,^[296][297] University of Wisconsin-La Crosse,^[298] and University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire.^{[299][300][301]} WISN-TV noted Chelsea's statement at UW-Milwaukee that, "On the war in Iraq, '[her mother] would end it the first day (in office) if she could,' but acknowledges that it would take about 60 days to come up with a plan to withdraw our troops and set up a workable plan to leave."^[302] Chelsea also planned to appear for her mother in Honolulu and in Maui.^[303] Chelsea Victoria Clinton (born February 27, 1980) is the daughter and only child of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and current New York Senator and 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (also known as UW-Milwaukee, UWM or Milwaukee) is a public research university located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. ... University of Wisconsin redirects here. ... The University of Wisconsin–La Crosse (also known as UW–La Crosse, Wisconsin-La Crosse, or UW-L) is a public university located in La Crosse, Wisconsin. ... The University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire (also known as UW-Eau Claire or UWEC) is a public university in west-central Wisconsin, United States. ... WISN-TV is a television station located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. ... Honolulu as seen from the International Space Station Honolulu is the largest city and the capital of the U.S. state of Hawai‘i. ... For other uses, see Maui (disambiguation). ...

Hillary Clinton reduced her already limited scheduled appearances in Wisconsin,^[304][305] with her campaign feeling disadvantaged by Governor of Wisconsin Jim Doyle's endorsement of Obama and the fact that independent voters are able to vote in the state's Democratic primary.^[305] Clinton made Obama's refusals to add any additional debates to the campaign schedule a primary focus of her messaging in Wisconsin,^[304] saying, "I will meet Senator Obama any place in the state. There’s only been one debate between the two of us. This has only been a two person race for a little over two weeks. And I think it’s a real disservice to the people of Wisconsin that you haven’t had a chance to see the tough questions asked and answered."^[305] Obama responded by saying, "We've had 18 debates. Eighteen debates!"^[287] Obama outspent Clinton 4–1 in television advertising in the state,^[306] and was able to get on the air earlier than Clinton due to his campaign's greater financial strength.^[50] Clinton did air a large number of negative ads against Obama in the final days of the campaign.^[307] Governors of Wisconsin: Categories: Lists of United States governors | Governors of Wisconsin ... For other persons named James Doyle, see James Doyle (disambiguation). ...

The most publicized charge which Clinton used against Obama preceding the Wisconsin primary were accusations that he plagiarized portions of his campaign's national co-chair Governor Deval Patrick of Massachusetts. The lines Obama used were in response to charges by Clinton that his campaign offered "speeches but not solutions." The lines Obama used were almost verbatim from portions of a speech made by Patrick in 2006, stating “Don’t tell me words don’t matter. ‘I have a dream.’ Just words? ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.’ Just words! ‘We have nothing to fear but fear itself.’ Just words — just speeches!” Obama stated that he borrowed the lines after being recommend to do so by Patrick who had faced similar attacks that he was only offering talk but not action.^[308]

On February 19, Clinton's losing streak to Obama stretched to ten in a row.^[309] Obama won the Wisconsin primary 58 percent to 41 percent,^[310] with a trend continuing of Clinton losing support in demographics that had previously been most favorable to her,^[307] such as women, lower-income families, and people who belong to labor unions.^[311] That evening, when Clinton's televised remarks did not include acknowledgment of Obama's victory, he started his own victory remarks before she finished,^[311] causing the cable news channels' to switch their live coverage to Obama.^[312] Obama also won the Hawaii caucuses overwhelmingly, 76 percent to 24 percent,^[313] in the state where he was born, spent much of his childhood, and still has family.^[309] The New York Times termed the night's results and demographic trends "grim tidings for Mrs. Clinton," while the Los Angeles Times headlined, "Wisconsin: Beginning of the end for Clinton?" and the Associated Press described her campaign as "fading".^[314][315] [[Media:Italic text]]{| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... This just IN !!!:paris hiltons new dog. ...

Two days later, the results of the worldwide Democrats Abroad primary were announced, with Obama winning by a wide margin and stretching Clinton's losing streak to eleven.^[316]

Ohio, Rhode Island, Texas, and Vermont

The Ohio Primary, Rhode Island Primary, Texas Primary and Texas Caucus, and Vermont Primary took place on March 4. The delegate-rich Ohio and Texas primaries were considered to be top prizes for both candidates: Ohio offers 141 pledged delegates and Texas 193.^[280] A number of news organizations, most notably cable television network Fox News named the March 4th primaries and caucuses "Super Tuesday II.^[317]" Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Fox News Channels slogan is We Report, You Decide The Fox News Channel is a U.S. cable and satellite news channel. ...

In Texas, a Houston rally was held on 10 February in support of Clinton: "Using a call-and-response rhythm, organizers of a Sen. Hillary Clinton rally in downtown Houston on Sunday touted the different demographics in attendance, including feminists, Asian-Americans and people with disabilities."^[318] On 12 February, according to CBS, Hillary received a "rock star welcome" when she spoke before a crowd of 12,000 at the University of Texas at El Paso.^[319] In Texas Clinton gained the endorsement of former congressman, Charles Stenholm.^[320] Clinton gained the endorsements of former congressman and Fmr Texas Attorney General Jim Mattox and former congressman Jim Chapman.^[321] In mid February she gained the endorsement of former congressman and Texas Supreme Court Justice Bob Gammage^[322] and former Congressman and 2006 candidate for Governor of Texas Chris Bell.^[323] is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the broadcast network. ... The University of Texas at El Paso, popularly known as UTEP, is a public, coeducational university, and it is a member of the University of Texas System. ... Rep. ... James Albon Jim Mattox (born August 29, 1943) is a Dallas lawyer and Texas Democratic politician who served three terms in the U.S. Congress and two terms as attorney general but lost high profile races for governor in 1990 and the U.S. Senate in 1994. ... James Louis Jim Chapman (born March 8, 1945 in Washington, D.C.) is an American politician who was a Democratic Congressman representing the 1st District of Texas in the United States House of Representatives from 1985 until 1997. ... Robert Alton Bob Gammage is a Texas politician who was defeated in the 2006 primary for Texas governor by former U.S. Representative Chris Bell. ... Chris Bell can refer to: Chris Bell (musician) Chris Bell (politician) Chris Bell (rugby player) Chris Bell (author The Bumper Book of Lies, Liquidambar contributor The New Zealand Blogging Corporation) This human name article is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that might otherwise share the same title, which...

In Ohio, polls released on 13 February indicated that, "Sen. Hillary Clinton (D-NY) has a wide lead over rival Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) in Ohio's Democratic race [...] Clinton with 56 percent support among likely Democratic voters, and Obama trailing with 39 percent." ^[324] She gained the endorsement of Ohio Governor Ted Strickland and Ohio First Lady Frances Strickland, of astronaut and former Senator, John Glenn,^[320] and of Akron mayor Don Plusquellic.^[325]She also gained the endorsement of the Columbus Dispatch.^[326]She has gained the endorsement of Fmr. Cleveland mayor Jane Campbell.^[327] In mid February Chelsea Clinton's campaigning for her mother included visits to Cleveland State University, the University of Akron^[328] Ohio State, and Ohio Wesleyan.^[329] She also visited Cincinnati. ^[330] is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Ted Strickland (born August 4, 1941) is an American politician of the Democratic Party, and the current Governor of the state of Ohio. ... For other persons named John Glenn, see John Glenn (disambiguation). ... Akron is the name of several places in the United States of America and Canada: Akron, Alabama Akron, Colorado Akron, Indiana Akron, Iowa Akron, Michigan Akron, New York Akron, Ohio Akron, Ontario Akron, Pennsylvania Akron Township, Illinois Akron Township, Michigan Akron Township, Big Stone County, Minnesota Akron Township, Wilkin County... Donald L. Plusquellic (born July 3, 1949) is the current mayor of Akron, Ohio. ... The Columbus Dispatch is a daily newspaper, based in Columbus, Ohio, that serves the central portion of the state. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion, because: No content, earlier revision not suitable for Wikipedia If you disagree with its speedy deletion, please explain why on its talk page or at Wikipedia:Speedy deletions. ... Chelsea Victoria Clinton (born February 27, 1980) is the daughter and only child of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and current New York Senator and 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... Cleveland State University (abbr. ... The University of Akron is an institution of higher learning located in Akron, Ohio. ... This article is about Ohio State; there is also an Ohio University. ... Ohio Wesleyan University Ohio Wesleyan University (also Wesleyan or OWU) is a private, coeducational, selective liberal arts college located in Delaware, Ohio in the United States. ... Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River from Kentucky. ...

In Rhode Island, a 13 February Brown University poll for the state indicated Clinton was the choice of 36 percent of voters surveyed while Obama was supported by 28 percent.^[331] is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ...

As Obama solidified his lead, Clinton shook things up with a revamped message and sharper digs at her party's front man on February 20, 2008.^[332] is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

However, in the February 21 Democratic debate at the University of Texas at Austin, the next-to-last one of the campaign, Clinton generally refrained from attacking Obama.^[333][334] Clinton's closing statement in the debate drew praise from political analysts and a standing ovation from the audience.^[334]A police officer was killed February 22, 2008 in a motorcycle accident as Clinton's motorcade made its way through downtown Dallas.^[335]A visibly angry Clinton lashed out February 22 at Obama over campaign literature that she said he knows is "blatantly false".^[336] At the same time, a New York Times report portrayed her as still fighting, but philosophical and realistic about the possibility that she would lose the race.^[255] With only a week left in the race a February 26 New York Times report by political correspondent Patrick Healy stated that Clinton had developed a new "kitchen sink strategy" to confronting Obama which involved a slew of negative campaign attacks on Obama's experience and especially his readiness to be commander in chief. This began with a February 25 speech at George Washington University on foreign policy with Clinton comparing Obama's foreign policy inexperience to President George W. Bush^[337]. is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... University of Texas redirects here. ... is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Dallas redirects here. ... is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The George Washington University (GW), is a private, coeducational university located in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The school was founded in 1821 as The Columbian College in the District of Columbia by Baptist ministers using funds bequeathed by George Washington. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...

With a week and a half to go, both Ohio and Texas tightened: An ABC News/Washington Post poll taken February 16-20 indicated that Clinton's lead over Obama in Ohio had shrunk to 7 percentage points,^[338] while as of February 22, the Democratic race was a statistical dead heat in Texas.^[339].Another poll, released February 25, projected also a statistical dead heat in Texas between the two.^[340] On February 25 USA Today/Gallup poll showed that Obama had a double-digit lead for the first time,^[341] and a CBS News/New York Times poll showed an even larger Obama lead. is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. ... A Gallup Poll is an opinion poll conducted by The Gallup Organization and frequently used by the mass media for representing public opinion. ... CBS News logo, used from Sept. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ...

In the last scheduled debate of the campaign, at Cleveland State University on February 26, Clinton and Obama argued with each other over negative campaigning, health care and free trade.^[342] Clinton personally echoed a theme her campaign had emphasized over the past days, that media coverage on her was much tougher than that on Obama, by making reference to a Saturday Night Live skit on the same point from the weekend before.^[343] New York Times writer Alessandra Stanley said that the debate, hosted by MSNBC and featuring grillings from Tim Russert, "did look a bit like the 'S.N.L.' parody."^[343]Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama battled for votes over the airwaves and on the ground in Texas on February 29.^[344]Hillary Clinton met her match while appearing on NBC's "Saturday Night Live" to deliver the show's trademark opening line and provide an "editorial response" to a mock presidential debate.^[345]On March 2, 2008 Hillary Clinton tried to convince Ohio voters they have what it takes to fix the economy as they campaigned before contests that could decide the Democratic presidential nomination.^[346]The state's 3.6 million eligible Hispanic voters could tip the balance in delegate-rich Texas toward Hillary Clinton or Barack Obama. But they're deeply divided. Clinton relied on a loyal grass-roots network of community leaders.^[347] Cleveland State University (abbr. ... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... A physician visiting the sick in a hospital. ... Free trade is an economic concept referring to the selling of products between countries without tariffs or other trade barriers. ... SNL redirects here. ... Alessandra Stanley, moderating at the 2004 Tribeca Film Festival Alessandra Stanley is an American journalist. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... Timothy John Russert, Jr. ... February 29 is a day added into a leap year of the Gregorian calendar. ... SNL redirects here. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Hispanic (Spanish: ; Portuguese: ; Latin: , adjective from Hispānia, the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically denoted relation to the ancient Hispania and its peoples. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... REDIRECT Hillary Rodham Clinton   This is a redirect from a title with another method of capitalisation. ... “Barack” redirects here. ...

One of the most controversial and upfront moves of the so-called "kitchen sink" strategy against Obama had been an ad entitled "Children" which Clinton aired in Texas concerning a 3 am phone call at the White House during a world crisis and touting Clinton's national security credentials. Many political commentators compared the Clinton ad to one used in the 1984 Democratic primary by Walter Mondale against Gary Hart. Obama responded with a similar ad on the same day claiming that Clinton lacked the judgment to deal with a world crisis because of her vote for the Iraq war. Clinton gave her harshest rebuke of Obama yet on March 3 when she repeatedly stated that her and Senator McCain had foreign policy experience while Obama only had a speech. The Obama campaign responded asking what foreign policy experience Clinton truly had.^[348][349] Hillary Clinton said March 17, 2008 she is the only candidate who would exercise the leadership needed to end the Iraq war. Sen. Barack Obama holds up his original opposition to the war on the campaign trail, but he didn't start working aggressively to end the war.^[350] is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... “Barack” redirects here. ...

Clinton broke the twelve-state winning streak for Obama with her victory in Rhode Island 58%/40%. The state had Clinton leading in the polls, though her lead had been narrowing in the days leading up to the primary. Clinton also won the Ohio primary 54%/44% and the Texas primary 51%/47%. She lost Vermont 59%/39% and the Texas Caucus 56%/44% with 41% reporting. She will likely lose Texas overall, with fewer delegates than her rival. ^[8] Clinton's wins in Ohio and Texas resulted in large part from her gaining back her core demographic areas of support, such as women and lower-income groups.^[351] This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ...

The day after, on March 5, Clinton raised the possibility on several morning news programs of a joint ticket with Barack Obama. ^[352] Soon after, in Wyoming, Senator Obama explicitly rejected the notion, saying "You won’t see me as a Vice Presidential candidate.^[353]" This article is about the day. ...

Wyoming and Mississippi

The Wyoming Caucus was held on March 8, 2008 with Senator Obama winning by 61% of the vote compared to Clinton's 38%. ^[354] President Bill Clinton and daughter Chelsea had campaigned in the state, and Hillary Clinton made a Wyoming appearance the day before the caucuses.^[355] The Clinton campaign had continued to criticize Senator Obama's inexperience with what one Clinton aide called the "kitchen sink" strategy - throwing everything at Obama in the days leading up to the March 4 primaries in Ohio and Texas.^[356] The Obama campaign was seen as "off balance" by former John Edwards campaign manager Joe Trippi in an interview with New York Magazine because many problems mired the Obama campaign after its Ohio and Texas losses, Trippi expressed concern that Obama's negative counter-attack strategy could backfire^[357]. Earlier in the week the campaign of Republican nominee John McCain attacked a gaffe by Obama's foreign policy advisor Susan Rice on MSNBC's "Tucker," wherein she said that neither Obama nor Clinton was "ready to receive that 3 am call," referring to Clinton's Texas attack ad^[358]. Obama was also hurt by news that foreign policy advisor Samantha Power had called Clinton a "monster" in an interview with Scottish newspaper The Scotsman. Power subsequently resigned from the campaign.^[359]. Obama responded to the re-vamped Clinton "kitchen sink" strategy by raising Senator Clinton's reluctance to release her tax returns, with campaign manager David Plouffe calling Clinton "one of the most secretive politicians in America today".^[360] Clinton spokesman Howard Wolfson responded to the attacks by comparing Obama to former special prosecutor Kenneth Starr.^[361] is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Joe Trippi (b. ... This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... McCain redirects here. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... Samantha Power (b. ... The Scotsmans offices in Edinburgh The Scotsman is a Scottish national newspaper, published in Edinburgh. ... Kenneth Winston Starr Kenneth Winston Starr (born July 21, 1946) is an American lawyer and former judge who was appointed to the Office of the Independent Counsel to investigate the death of the deputy White House counsel Vince Foster and the Whitewater land transactions by President Bill Clinton. ...

The Clinton campaign continued to hint that a Clinton victory would entail Obama being chosen as vice Presidential running mate, and on March 8, former President Bill Clinton made known his support of this as a "dream ticket" which would be an "almost unstoppable force"^[362] However, the day before, in Casper, Wyoming, Senator Obama had explicitly rejected this notion. ^[363] On March 10, Obama noted that he, not Senator Clinton, held the lead in delegates won. "I don't know how somebody who is in second place is offering the vice presidency to somebody who is in first place," he said.^[364] He further stated that Clinton's VP suggestion was an example of what he called "the old okey-doke", telling a Columbus, MS crowd that the Clinton camp was trying to "bamboozle" or "hoodwink" voters. ^[365][366] Obama inquired why the Clinton campaign believed him competent for Vice President, but not as President.^[367][368] is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Casper is the only city in Natrona County, Wyoming, United States, although the county is home to a number of small towns and Casper suburbs. ...

The Mississippi Primary was held on March 11, 2008 with Obama winning 61% of the vote to Clinton's 37%^[369]. It was notable that the Mississippi results were largely divided by racial lines with exit polls by CNN showing Obama winning 91% of the black vote while 72% of the white vote went to Clinton.^[370] is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Ferraro comments and resignation

On March 7, 2008, the 1984 Democratic vice-presidential nominee and Clinton finance committee member Geraldine Ferraro, gave an interview to the small California newspaper Daily Breeze in which she said, "I think what America feels about a woman becoming president takes a very secondary place to Obama's campaign — to a kind of campaign that it would be hard for anyone to run against. For one thing, you have the press, which has been uniquely hard on her. It's been a very sexist media. Some just don't like her. The others have gotten caught up in the Obama campaign. If Obama was a white man, he would not be in this position. And if he was a woman (of any color) he would not be in this position. He happens to be very lucky to be who he is. And the country is caught up in the concept."^[371] is the 66th day of the year (67th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Geraldine Anne Ferraro (born August 26, 1935) is a Democratic politician and a former member of the United States House of Representatives. ... The Daily Breeze is a daily newspaper published in Torrance, California by the Copley Press. ...

By the day of the March 11 Mississippi primary, the comments had achieved wider circulation and she was accused of being racially insensitive.^[372] Hillary Clinton rejected Ferraro's comments — saying, "It is regrettable that any of our supporters on both sides, because we've both had that experience, say things that kind of veer off into the personal. We ought to keep this on the issues"^[372] — but did not call for Ferraro's resignation from the Clinton campaign.^[372] Ferraro rejected apologizing or repudiating her comments once they came under fire from the Obama campaign,^[372] and spoke to the Daily Breeze again, where she said, "I really think they're attacking me because I'm white. How's that?"^[373] is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On March 12, MSNBC commentator Keith Olbermann launched an unusually vehement critique of the Clinton campaign, accusing the campaign of using Ferraro as a surrogate to imply that Obama (who was president of Harvard Law Review at Harvard Law School during his time there and is a magna cum laude graduate of its law school) was the beneficiary of social and media affirmative action.^[374] Some commentators saw these comments by Ferraro as a coded attempt by the campaign to appeal to race-conscious white voters in the upcoming Pennsylvania primary.^[375] Later on March 12, Ferraro resigned from the Clinton campaign, saying "The Obama campaign is attacking me to hurt you. I won't let that happen."^[376] At a campaign stop with the National Newspaper Publishers Association which represents over 200 African American newspapers, Clinton was asked to apologize for Ferraro's remarks and said, "I said yesterday that I rejected what she said, and I certainly do repudiate it."^[377] is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... Keith Olbermann (born January 27, 1959) is an American news anchor, commentator, and radio sportscaster. ... The Harvard Law Review is a journal of legal scholarship published by an independent student group at Harvard Law School. ... Harvard Law School (colloquially, Harvard Law or HLS) is one of the professional graduate schools of Harvard University. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Comments about 1996 Bosnia trip

During her presidential campaign, Clinton had made several references to her March 1996 trip to visit U.S. troops enforcing the Dayton Agreement in Bosnia-Herzegovina,^[378] detailing a harrowing experience. At a February 29, 2008 event in Waco, Texas, with retired Gen. Wesley Clark and remarks at a December 29, 2007 event in Dubuque, Iowa^[379], Clinton detailed how she had to make a run for it on the tarmac at Tuzla Air Base to avoid sniper fire.^[380] On March 17, 2008, during her Saint Patrick's Day speech at The George Washington University, Clinton described her trip to Bosnia: The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement, Dayton Accords, Paris Protocol or Dayton-Paris Agreement, is the peace agreement reached at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio in November 1995, and formally signed in Paris on December 14... Bosnia and Herzegovina (also variously written Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bosnia-Hercegovina) is a mountainous country in the western Balkans. ... February 29 is a day added into a leap year of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Branch Davidian siege in Waco, Texas, see Waco Siege. ... Wesley Kanne Clark (born December 23, 1944) is a retired four-star general of the United States Army. ... is the 363rd day of the year (364th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Nickname: Location in the State of Iowa Coordinates: , Country State County Dubuque Incorporated 1833 Government  - Type Council-Manager  - Mayor Roy D. Buol  - City manager Michael C. Van Milligen Area  - City 71. ... Tuzla Air Base is a United States Air Force base in Bosnia-Herzegovina. ... is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... St. ... The George Washington University (GW) is a private, coeducational university located in Washington, D.C., United States. ...

The Associated Press could find no evidence that Clinton had been under extraordinary risk during her landing at Tuzla Air Base. A video of her arrival, released by CBS News, shows Clinton and her daughter Chelsea smiling and waving as they walked at a leisurely pace across the tarmac from a cargo plane, stopping to shake hands with Bosnia’s acting president and listen while an 8-year-old girl read a poem. Clinton shook hands with American troops and posed for pictures with a group of 7th graders who were also on the tarmac.^[382] Comedian Sinbad, who accompanied Clinton on the trip, said, "I never felt that I was in a dangerous position. I never felt being in a sense of peril, or 'Oh, God, I hope I'm going to be OK when I get out of this helicopter or when I get out of his tank.'"^{[380][383][384]} When spokesman Howard Wolfson was asked about her remarks, he said that she "misspoke".^{[385] [386]} CBS News reported that hundreds of thousands of viewers have now seen video of the 1996 event that offers evidence of Clinton's exaggeration, with Clinton aide Lissa Muscatine saying the event "was not quite as dramatic as Clinton put it."^[387] Clinton acknowledged her mistake, saying "I made a mistake. That happens. It proves I'm human, which you know, for some people, is a revelation."^[388] The Obama campaign responded by releasing documentation of three other instances in the past in which Clinton had repeated the same sniper fire claim.^[389] The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Tuzla Air Base is a United States Air Force base in Bosnia-Herzegovina. ... CBS News logo, used from Sept. ... David Adkins (born November 10[1] or November 18,[2] 1956), better known by the stage name Sinbad, is an African-American stand-up comedian and actor. ...

Campaign finance

The Clinton campaign had $33 million on hand at the end of February 2008, but due to federal election laws, would only be able to spend $11 million of that on the Democratic primary. As of the end of February, the campaign owed $8.7 million in unpaid debts. The campaign has also been slow paying vendors, drawing criticism from small business owners who have provided services to the campaign. ^[390]

A February 08, 2008 article in the Portsmouth Herald stated, "Rochester physician Terry Bennett said he rented a city building to people who worked for Sen. Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign — and skipped town without paying the bill. Making matters worse, Bennett said, the 3,000-square-foot building at 236 Union St. was left trashed...Realtor Michael Whitney... said he has been trying to collect rent for four weeks. 'I sent about 20 e-mails,' said Whitney. '...I called, but they will not return any of my calls.'" ^[391] The Portsmouth Herald is a daily newspaper published out of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. ...

A February 23, 2008 article in The New York Times reported that a caterer, a hotel, and a cleaning service all had trouble collecting money from Clinton's campaign for services that they had provided. ^[392] The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ...

A March 31, 2008 article in The Politico titled "Clinton didn't pay health insurance bills" stated, "Among the debts reported this month by Hillary Clinton’s struggling presidential campaign, the $292,000 in unpaid health insurance premiums for her campaign staff stands out... the unpaid bills to Aetna were at least two months old, according to FEC filings." ^[393] The Politico is a Washington, D.C.-based political journalism organization that distributes its content via television, the internet, newspaper, and radio. ...

After Clinton's April win in the Pennsylvania primary by 9.4%, her campaign released to the media that it had received a renewed national boost, as evidenced by 60,000 donors who contributed a total of $10 million, more than 80 percent of whom the campaign said were first-time donors. An investigation from The Politico, however, concluded that the claim was only "successful campaign spin," and "a case of shaping favorable media coverage by crafting a narrative too compelling to overlook." Politico concluded this because the campaign's claims, it said, were "impossible to independently verify."^[394] The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

A May 12, 2008 Bloomberg News article states that Clinton has "more than $10 million in unpaid bills to vendors and consultants." ^[395] Bloomberg Television is a cable television network that broadcasts business and financial news 24 hours a day. ...

NAFTA position

According to a NY Times article, Clinton said she "raised a big yellow caution flag" against the North American Free Trade Agreement.^[396] Robert Reich, Secretary of Labor during the NAFTA debate and subsequent passage in 1993, stated "I was in the administration then, and I remember her position quite precisely. HRC didn't want the Administration to move forward with NAFTA, but not because she was opposed to NAFTA as a policy. She opposed NAFTA because of its timing. She wanted her health-care plan to be voted on first. She feared that the fight over NAFTA would use up so much of the White House's political capital that there wouldn't be enough left when it came to pushing for health care."^[397][398] Robert Bernard Reich (born June 24, 1946) was the twenty-second United States Secretary of Labor, serving under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997. ...

Tax return disclosure

On April 4, the Clintons released their tax returns for the past eight years.^[399] The total reported income for the time period was $109 million, most of which came from Bill Clinton's books, speaking engagements, and other enterprises.^[399] The Clintons paid $34 million in federal taxes over the period.^[399] is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Health insurance story

In early April, the Clinton campaign had problems arising from Clinton's use of a story of health insurance coverage, an Ohio hospital, and a patient's death. Based upon a story Clinton had heard from a Meigs Country sheriff's deputy^[400] in Pomeroy, Ohio in February,^[401] but had not had fact-checked,^[400] Clinton described a woman from rural Ohio who was making minimum wage at a local pizza shop, was uninsured, and became pregnant. As told, there were complications with the pregnancy and the woman was denied treatment at a local hospital because she couldn't afford a $100 payment; she later was taken to the hospital by ambulance and lost the baby; she was then taken by helicopter to a Columbus hospital where she died of complications.^[401] Clinton used the story through April 4 in Grand Forks, North Dakota.^[401] Officials at O'Bleness Memorial Hospital in Athens, Ohio, said the woman did have insurance and had not been turned away; they expressed frustration that Clinton’s campaign never called to verify the story, and asked that Clinton stop telling it.^[402][403] In fact, the woman had been earlier denied treatment at a private clinic because she owed them several thousand dollars from unpaid previous visits, and so thought she could not go to the clinic again once she became pregnant, even though she now had insurance.^[400] Thus she did not seek medical care until she was already in an emergency situation.^[400] On April 6, the Clinton campaign indicated it would drop use of the story.^[402] On April 11 Paul Krugman wrote a column in the New York Times saying the essential point about the poor state of health care in the United States was lost in the media storm about this episode and that Clinton's point about a pregnant woman who died after being turned away was essentially correct.^[404] Meigs County is a county located in the state of Ohio. ... Pomeroy is a village located in Meigs County, Ohio. ... is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: A Place of Excellence Location in North Dakota Coordinates: , Country State County Grand Forks County Founded June 15, 1870 Incorporated February 22, 1881 Government  - Mayor Michael Brown Area  - City  19. ... OBleness Memorial Hospital is located along the Hocking River in Athens, Ohio. ... Athens is a historic college town in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio, best known as the home of Ohio University. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Paul Krugman Paul Robin Krugman (born February 28, 1953) is an American economist. ...

Pennsylvania

Bill Clinton at a "Solutions for America" rally at Washington & Jefferson College on March 11, 2008^[405]

Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama would both statistically tie Republican John McCain in a general election matchup, according to a CNN/Opinion Research Corporation poll released March 18, 2008. At the same time, daily tracking polls from Rasmussen Reports showed McCain with a lead over both Democratic candidates.^[406][407] The National Archives on March 19, 2008 released more than 11,000 pages of Sen. Hillary Clinton's schedule when she was first lady. Sen. Barack Obama's campaign has pushed for the documents' release, arguing that their review is necessary to make a full evaluation of Clinton's experience as first lady.^[408] William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Washington & Jefferson College (W&J) is a private, coeducational, liberal arts college located in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, in the city of Washington, Pennsylvania. ... is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... “Barack” redirects here. ... McCain redirects here. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Rasmussen Reports is an American public opinion polling firm. ... The National Archives building in Washington, DC The United States National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States federal government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records. ... is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

Ed Rendell, Catherine Baker Knoll, and Stephen Reed rally for Clinton in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania on March 11, 2008^[409]

The Pennsylvania Primary will be held on 22 April. With 188 delegates, one Pennsylvania newspaper said that the state is "poised to become decisive in the Democratic presidential nomination." ^[410] Edward Gene Ed Rendell (born January 5, 1944) is an American politician and member of the Democratic Party. ... Catherine Baker Knoll (born September 3, 1930 in McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania) is the present lieutenant governor of Pennsylvania. ... This article is about the capital city of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. ... is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

President Bill Clinton highlighted the importance of the state for the Clinton campaign saying on March 11 at an event in Western Pennsylvania that "If she wins a big, big victory in Pennsylvania, I think it’ll give her a real big boost going into the next primaries... I think she’s got to win a big victory in Pennsylvania. I think if she does, she can be nominated, but it’s up to you."^[411] This was a repetition of his tactic before March 4, warning supporters that his wife might not be able to continue if she did not win Ohio and Texas^[412]. Hillary Clinton emphasized that Pennsylvania was something of a home state for her, as her father came from Scranton, Pennsylvania, she and her brothers were christened there and had vacationed near there each summer, and her brothers still maintained the family cottage near there.^[413] is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Scranton redirects here. ...

A Feb. 14 Quinnipiac University poll placed Clinton ahead of Obama 52% to 36%.^[414] Another poll, released two weeks later, saw that margin decreasing, with Clinton leading Obama by 6 points, at 49% to 43%.^[415] As April began, Clinton's lead had been virtually wiped out in the state. A poll from Public Policy Polling had Obama two points ahead, while an Insider Advantage poll showed Clinton hanging on to a two-point advantage. Both results were within the margins of error, making the state a virtual dead heat. Another late-March poll from Quinnipiac University had Clinton nine points ahead.^[416][417] Quinnipiac University is a private four-year university in Hamden, Connecticut, located on about 500 acres (2 km²), just north of New Haven. ...

On March 27, Senator Patrick Leahy of Vermont called for Clinton to withdraw from the presidential campaign and support opponent Barack Obama. The six-term senator, and chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee made the statements during an interview on Vermont Public Radio. Leahy stated: "Senator Clinton has every right, but not a very good reason, to remain a candidate for as long as she wants to. As far as the delegate count and the interests of a Democratic victory in November go, there is not a very good reason for drawing this out." ^[418] Clinton rejected calls to withdraw, saying "The more people get a chance to vote, the better it is for our democracy...we of all people [know] how important it [is] to give everyone a chance to have their voices heard and their votes counted." Patrick Joseph Leahy (born March 31, 1940) is the senior United States Senator from Vermont. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... “Barack” redirects here. ... The U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary (informally Senate Judiciary Committee) is a standing committee of the United States Senate, the upper house of the United States Congress. ... Vermont Public Radio (VPR) is the public radio station covering the state of Vermont. ...

Campaigning in the week of April 14, 2008 included a tough debate between Obama and Clinton, who pounded her rival for his recent remark that decades of economic decline had left some rural voters "bitter" and clinging to religion and guns. Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... is the 104th day of the year (105th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

On April 22 she won the Pennsylvania primary by 9.2 percentage points, keeping her campaign alive and bringing in a much-needed $10 million in new funds over the next 24 hours.^[419] Weekly churchgoers made up almost 36 percent of the electorate, who went to Clinton by a 56-44 margin. More than a third were gun owners, and they preferred Clinton by an almost-identical margin -- 60 percent to 40 percent, exit polls found out. The victory showed she had the better shot at winning on November 4, 2008, than he, she stated. A total of 158 delegates to the convention were at stake.^[420] is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

North Carolina and Indiana

In a series of political ads and speeches while campaigning in Indiana, Clinton blamed the closing and move of Magnequench in Valparaiso, Indiana, a company that manufactures military-grade magnets used in smart weapons on the Bush Administration. However, the company's sale to a Chinese company was approved under the administration of her husband Bill Clinton in 1995 despite national security concerns.^[421] A memo from the office of Indiana Senator Evan Bayh, who is also a supporter of Clinton, revealed that Bayh blamed the Clintons for the closing of the Magnequench plant.^[422] Nickname: Motto: Vale of Paradise Location in Indiana Coordinates: , Country State County Porter Government  - Mayor Jon Costas (R) Area  - City  11. ... BOLT-117 laser guided bomb Precision-guided munitions (smart munitions or smart bombs) are self-guiding weapons intended to maximize damage to the target while minimizing collateral damage. Because the damage effects of an explosive weapon scale as a power law with distance, quite modest improvements in accuracy (and hence... George W. Bush administration is the administration of the 43rd president of the United States of America, 2001-present George H. W. Bush administration is the administration of the 41st president of the United States of America, 1989-1993 This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Birch Evans Bayh III (commonly known as Evan Bayh) (pronounced like bye; IPA pronunciation: ) (born December 26, 1955) is an American politician who has served as the junior U.S. Senator from Indiana since 1999 and a former Governor of Indiana. ...

Clinton was heavily outspent by Obama in both states.^[423]

Clinton made her proposal of a summer gas tax holiday a central part of her campaigning.^[424] Obama opposed the notion, and it became a major issue between them.^[424] When most economists came out against the proposal, Clinton denounced "elite opinion" and said, "I'm not going to put my lot in with economists."^[425]

On May 6, a narrow win in the Indiana primary coupled with a large loss in the North Carolina primary, damaged Clinton's campaign's chances and led to speculation about whether she could or would remain in the race.^[426] Clinton had hoped to score a solid win in Indiana and finish a close second in North Carolina,^[427] especially after Obama had endured a difficult period in his campaign due to continuing effects from the Jeremiah Wright controversy.^[428] As the results came in from these two states, ABC political analyst and former top Bill Clinton aide George Stephanopolous declared the Democratic race "over", and NBC Washington Bureau Chief Tim Russert said, "We now know who the Democratic nominee will be."^[429] The day after the North Carolina and Indiana votes, it appeared that superdelegates and party leaders were beginning to coalesce around Obama. He added four superdelegate endorsements to Clinton's one, and former Democratic presidential candidate George McGovern switched his support from Clinton to Obama.^[430] Regardless, Clinton vowed that her campaign would continue^[431] through the remaining primary states,^[432] and she loaned it an additional $6.4 million from her own funds.^[431] is the 126th day of the year (127th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... George Stephanopoulos (born February 10, 1961) is an American broadcaster and politician. ... Timothy John Russert, Jr. ... George McGovern on May 8, 1972 cover of Time Magazine George Stanley McGovern, (born July 19, 1922) is a former United States Representative, Senator, and Democratic presidential nominee. ...

West Virginia

Clinton expressed her rationale for staying in the race by saying, "I have a much broader base to build a winning coalition on ... [there is an Associated Press article] that found how Sen. Obama's support among working, hard-working Americans, white Americans, is weakening again, and how whites in both states who had not completed college were supporting me. There's a pattern emerging here."^[433] The bluntness of her demographic analysis garnered some attention,^[433] and Clinton aides later said she regretted the remarks.^[434] When Congressman Charles Rangel, a strong Clinton supporter, said "that was the dumbest thing she could have said,"^[435] Clinton acknowledged that "he's probably right."^[435] Charles Bernard Rangel Charles Bernard Rangel (born June 11, American politician. ...

Campaigning for the coming primaries, the Clinton campaign was forced to economize in its presentation values.^[423] While Internet and conventional fundraising continued, it fell far short of the burst she had received after her Pennsylvania win.^[423]

Ahead of the West Virginia vote, Obama took the lead in committed superdelegates on May 9. Obama had picked up seven endorsements from superdelegates since the May 6 primaries.^[436][434] Recognizing that the nature of the contest had changed, Clinton largely eliminated mention or criticism of Obama from her stump speeches and advertisements.^[434]

Clinton won the state by a 41-percentage-point margin,^[435] and told supporters that she was "more determined than ever to carry on in this campaign".^[437] After exit polls revealed that large numbers of Clinton supporters were planning to vote for John McCain rather than Obama should she lose the nomination,^[435] Clinton said it would be a "terrible mistake" for those voters to do so: "I'm going to work my heart out for whoever our nominee is. Obviously, I'm still hoping to be that nominee, but I'm going to do everything I can to make sure that anyone who supported me ... understands what a grave error it would be not to vote for Sen. Obama."^[435]

Kentucky and Oregon

Obama continued to add to his superdelegate lead in the week before the May 20 Kentucky and Oregon primaries, and former Democratic candidate John Edwards endorsed Obama on May 14.^[438][439]

Delegate count

Pledged Delegate margins by state. Obama won the delegate count in the darkest purple states by the largest margins, while Clinton won the delegate count in the darkest green states by the largest margins. They tied in MO and NH. (Compare to popular vote map.)

Popular Vote margins by state. Obama won the popular vote in the darkest purple states by the largest margins, while Clinton won the popular vote in the darkest green states by the largest margins.

Popular Vote margins by county. Obama won the counties colored purple, Clinton won the counties colored green. Edwards won the counties colored orange, and pink counties were a delegate tie. This map includes Florida and Michigan, neither of which count under current party regulations.

is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... For delegates in the . ... Superdelegate is an informal term commonly used for some of the delegates to the Democratic National Convention, the presidential nominating convention of the United States Democratic Party. ... Barack Obama, the junior United States Senator from Illinois, announced his candidacy for the presidency of the United States in Springfield, Illinois, on February 10, 2007. ... John Edwards campaigning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on Labor day in 2007. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ...

Endorsements

Main article: List of Hillary Rodham Clinton presidential campaign endorsements

Media coverage

An October 29, 2007 study by the Project for Excellence in Journalism and the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy found that Clinton had received the most media coverage of any of the 2008 presidential candidates, being the subject of 17 percent of all stories.^[440] The study found that 27 percent of the stories had a favorable tone towards her, 38 percent had an unfavorable tone, with the balance neutral.^[440] is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... The Project for Excellence in Journalism is a US non-partisan, non-profit organization dedicated to researching and evaluating the news media. ... The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy[1] at Harvard University explores the intersection of press, politics and public policy in theory and practice, striving to bridge the gap between journalists and scholars, and between them and the press. ...

A November 12, 2007 assessment by Michael Crowley of The New Republic of relations between the Clinton campaign and the press found that regarding published stories, "the Clinton media machine [is] hyper-vigilant [and that] that no detail or editorial spin is too minor to draw a rebuke."^[441] The Clinton camp was also reported to engage in retribution regarding stories they did not like, complaining to reporters' editors or withholding access in other areas:^[441] "Even seasoned political journalists describe reporting on Hillary as a torturous experience."^[441] In spite of this, Crowley measured the press corps as giving Clinton "strikingly positive coverage".^[441] is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Michael Crowley is an American journalist, and currently senior editor and columnist at The New Republic magazine. ... For other uses, see New Republic. ...

By December 2007, the Clinton campaign charged that Obama's campaign was getting much more favorable media treatment than their own, especially once their campaign began faltering.^[442] Washington Post media analyst Howard Kurtz found a number of journalists who agreed with the claim,^[442] with Mark Halperin, Time magazine's editor-at-large for political news, saying, "Your typical reporter has a thinly disguised preference that Barack Obama be the nominee. The narrative of him beating her is better than her beating him, in part because she's a Clinton and in part because he's a young African American. ... There's no one rooting for her to come back."^[442] ... Howard Alan Kurtz (born 1953, in Brooklyn, New York) is an American journalist, blogger, author and media critic. ... Mark Halperin (born 1965) is the ABC News Political Director. ... TIME redirects here. ...

After Clinton's loss in Iowa and in the run up to her apparent loss in New Hampshire and campaign collapse to come, negative media coverage of her became intense; as The Politico phrased it in retrospect, "She is carrying the burden of 16 years of contentious relations between the Clintons and the news media. ... Many journalists rushed with unseemly haste to the narrative about the fall of the Clinton machine.^[187] Meanwhile, NBC anchor Brian Williams conceded that at least one NBC reporter said regarding Obama, "it's hard to stay objective covering this guy."^[443] The Politico is a Washington, D.C.-based political journalism organization that distributes its content via television, the internet, newspaper, and radio. ... This article is about the television network. ... This article is about the American journalist. ...

Media Matters singled out MSNBC's Chris Matthews for his consistently harsh coverage of Clinton.^[444][445] During the primaries, and especially after the Iowa caucuses, Matthews was openly enthusiastic about Obama's candidacy. The New Republic reported that Matthews was "swooning" over Obama in the days leading up to the January 8 New Hampshire Democratic primary.^[446] On the night of that election, Matthews co-anchored MSNBC's coverage. Air America Radio host Rachel Maddow and political analyst Patrick Buchanan both noted the high turnout among women, and asserted that the media coverage made Clinton a sympathetic figure to female voters. Buchanan stated that the media had "virtually canonized" Obama and behaved as if he'd been "born in Bethlehem". Maddow told Matthews that several blogs were citing him as "a symbol of what the mainstream media has done to Hillary Clinton." She added that sites such as TalkingPointsMemo.com indicated that voters felt that the media were "piling on" Clinton, and were "coming to her defense with their votes". Matthews replied sarcastically, "My influence in American politics looms over the people. I'm overwhelmed myself."^[447] He added, "I will never underestimate Hillary Clinton again."^[446] The next day, Matthews appeared on Joe Scarborough's MSNBC morning show and said, "Let's not forget...the reason she's a U.S. Senator, the reason she's a candidate for president, the reason she may be a frontrunner, is that her husband messed around". While this incited more controversy, Matthews noted that Clinton's political career started after she appeared with Senator Chuck Schumer and impressed Democratic leaders with her graceful handling of the Monica Lewinsky scandal. "I thought it was an unexceptional statement," he said.^[448] These comments, among others, have led Media Matters to launch a campaign against him and his remarks. Screenshot from Media Matters for America (Jan 6, 2006) Media Matters for America (or MMfA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded in 2004 by journalist and author David Brock. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... This article is about the journalist. ... For other uses, see New Republic. ... Former Air America logo, 2004-2007 Air America Radio is a talk radio network and program syndication service in the United States. ... Rachel Anne Maddow (born April 1, 1973) is an American radio personality and political pundit. ... Patrick Buchanan Patrick Joseph Buchanan (born November 2, 1938), usually known as Pat Buchanan, is an American conservative journalist and a well known television political commentator. ... This article is about the city in the West Bank. ... Categories: Stub | 1969 births | Bloggers ... For the artist of the same, see Joe Scarborough (artist) Charles Joseph Joe Scarborough (born April 9, 1963) is the host of the program Morning Joe and former host of Scarborough Country on MSNBC and served in the United States House of Representatives, from 1995 to 2001, as a Republican... Charles Ellis Chuck Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is the senior U.S. Senator from the state of New York, serving since 1999. ... While working as an intern at the White House, Monica Lewinsky had a short-term sexual relationship with President Bill Clinton. ...

In a January 14 New York Times/CBS News poll, 51 percent of Democratic primary voters thought the media had been harder on Clinton than on the other candidates (with women especially thinking so), while 12 percent thought the media had been harder on Obama.^[449] is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... CBS News logo, used from Sept. ...

Measurements in late January by the University of Navarra indicated that Clinton and Obama were receiving roughly equal amounts of global media attention, once Obama won the Iowa caucuses.^[450] The University of Navarra is a private pontifical university based at the southeast border of Pamplona, Spain. ...

On February 8, Clinton's Communications Director Howard Wolfson Clinton criticized MSNBC's correspondent David Shuster "for suggesting the Clinton campaign had 'pimped out' 27-year old Chelsea by having her place phone calls to celebrities and Democratic Party 'superdelegates' on her mother's behalf."^[451] Shuster apologized "on the air" and was temporarily suspended from the network. Wolfson argued that this was part of a "a pattern of tasteless comments by MSNBC anchors about the Clinton campaign" and suggested that Clinton's participation in the scheduled, MSNBC-sponsored Cleveland debate could be jeopardized.^[451] The Clinton campaign agreed to continue with the debate after the apology was offered. ^[452] In a 12 February interview with Chris Plante on WMAL-AM, "former President Bill Clinton implied the media has been unfair to his wife, stated that she was standing up to sexism when she took on NBC, and -- when asked about MSNBC's David Shuster's comments about his daughter, Chelsea -- said there was a double standard." ^[453] Other critics have also argued that this incident is part of a larger pattern of "sexist coverage." ^[454] is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... David Shuster is a correspondent for Hardball w. ... Chelsea Victoria Clinton (born February 27, 1980) is the daughter and only child of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and current New York Senator and 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. ... is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Clinton has gotten some support from the conservative media, including Rush Limbaugh who urged his listeners to vote for her in the primary elections. ^[455] Media bias is a real or perceived tendency of journalists and news producers within the mass media to approach both the presentation of particular stories, and the selection of which stories to cover, with an unbalanced perspective. ... For other uses, see Limbaugh. ...

Gender

Some of Clinton's Gen Y female supporters at a campaign rally. South Hall, San Jose, California, February 1, 2008.

Although Clinton is the 25th woman to run for U.S. president,^[456] she is the first female candidate with a real chance of winning the nomination of a major party, and the presidential election.^[457] As such, remarks surrounding her gender and appearance have come to the fore. In March 2006, high-voltage^[458] actress Sharon Stone expressed her doubt about Clinton's presidential chances, saying "Hillary still has sexual power, and I don't think people will accept that. It's too threatening."^[459] On a similar note, on August 9, 2006, the sculpture The Presidential Bust of Hillary Rodham Clinton: The First Woman President of the United States of America^[460] was unveiled at the Museum of Sex in New York and attracted attention for its named focus; sculptor Daniel Edwards hopes it will spark discussion about sex, politics and celebrity.^[461] This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California Location of San Jose with the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Pueblo founded November 29, 1777 Incorporated March 27, 1850 Government  - Type charter city, mayor-council  - Mayor Chuck Reed  - Vice... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Sharon Vonne Stone (born March 10, 1958) is an American actress, producer, and former fashion model. ... is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Museum of Sex, known as MoSex for short, is a sex museum based in Manhattan in New York City. ... Daniel Edwards controversial sculpture of Britney Spears giving birth featured at the Capla Kesting Fine Art Gallery in Brooklyn. ...

In October 2006, Clinton's then-New York Senate race opponent, John Spencer, was reported to have commented on how much better Clinton looked now compared to in the 1970s, and speculated that she had cosmetic surgery.^[462] On the other hand, syndicated radio talk show host Mark Levin never mentions her name without appending a sneering "Her Thighness" to it.^[463] For other persons named John Spencer, see John Spencer (disambiguation). ... Plastic surgery is a general term for operative manual and instrumental treatment which is performed for functional or aesthetic reasons. ... This article is about the conservative author, lawyer, and radio talk show host. ...

In her Senate career, Senator Clinton is often seen wearing a suit. However, twice in 2006, Clinton was criticized by National Review Online editor Kathryn Jean Lopez for showing cleavage while speaking in the Senate.^[464][465] Lopez implored Clinton to be more modest. The Washington Post revisited this question based on a new incident in July 2007,^[466] which provoked a widespread round of media self-criticism about whether it was a legitimate topic or not;^[467] the Clinton campaign then used claimed outrage at the reporting for fundraising purposes.^[468] Suits from the 1937 Chicago Woolen Mills catalog A suit, with varieties such as a business suit, three-piece suit, lounge suit or two-piece suit , comprises a collection of matching clothing consisting of: a coat (commonly known as a jacket) a waistcoat (optional) (USA vest) — without this it is... National Review Online is the online presence of the prominent conservative political magazine National Review. ... Kathryn Jean Lopez Kathryn Jean Lopez, (born March 22), a native of Manhattan, is an American conservative columnist, who is nationally syndicated by the United Feature Syndicate/Newspaper Enterprise Association. ... Aria Giovanni displaying cleavage Suzanne Valadon, painting by Renoir, 1885. ...

By the time the campaign was in full force in December 2007, acclaimed American communications studies professor Kathleen Hall Jamieson observed that there was a large amount of misogyny present about Clinton on the Internet,^[469] up to and including Facebook and other sites devoted to depictions reducing Clinton to sexual humiliation.^[469] She also said that "We know that there's language to condemn female speech that doesn't exist for male speech. We call women's speech shrill and strident. And Hillary Clinton's laugh was being described as a cackle,"^[469] making reference to a flurry of media coverage two months prior about the physical nature and political motivation of her aural indication of amusement.^[470] Along this theme, PBS commentator Bill Moyers noted^[469] that MSNBC commentator Tucker Carlson had said of Clinton, "There's just something about her that feels castrating, overbearing, and scary,"^[471] and that top-rated radio talk show host Rush Limbaugh continued to refer to her as "the woman with the testicle lockbox."^[472] Further discussion ensued when the Drudge Report and a few other media outlets ran an unflattering Associated Press photograph of Clinton looking old and tired on the wintry Iowa campaign trail;^[473] Limbaugh sympathized with the plight of American women in an appearance-obsessed culture, then asked, “Will this country want to actually watch a woman get older before their eyes on a daily basis?”^[473] Kathleen Hall Jamieson directs the Annenberg Public Policy Center, which runs FactCheck. ... In Eva Prima Pandora, by Jean Cousin (Louvre Museum), Eve, the equivalent of Pandora embodies Original Sin Misogyny (pronounced ) is hatred or strong prejudice against women; an antonym of philogyny. ... Facebook is a social networking website that was launched on February 4, 2004. ... Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ... Bill D. Moyers (born June 5, 1934 as Billy Don Moyers) is an American journalist and public commentator. ... For the news website, see msnbc. ... Tucker Swanson McNear Carlson (born May 16, 1969) is a U.S. political news pundit who formerly co-hosted CNNs Crossfire and MSNBCs Tucker. ... For other uses, see Limbaugh. ... The Drudge Report is a U.S.-based news website run by Matt Drudge. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ...

Following Clinton's "choked up moment" in New Hampshire and surprise victory there the following day, discussion of gender's role in the campaign moved front and center.^[474] Women following the campaign recalled a series of criticisms of Clinton, such as the pitch of her voice, a debate moderator's question of whether she was "likeable" (and Obama's reply that she was "likeable enough", felt by some to be condescending), and hecklers' demands that she "iron their shirt", as motivations for re-examining who they would support in the contest.^[474] Columnist Meghan Daum of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the "likeability" issue was inextricably associated with gender, as Clinton's "stridency can grate even on those who agree with her ideas" and that "she is visibly salivating from hunger. That may be OK for male candidates, whose appetites tend to be selling points. But if there's anything that's drilled into women's heads before we're old enough to even ask for something, it's the importance of playing hard to get, of pretending we don't want anything at all."^[475] Meghan Daum (born: 1970 in California) is an American author, essayist, and journalist. Although she was born in California, Daum grew up primarily in Ridgewood, New Jersey. ... This just IN !!!:paris hiltons new dog. ...

Later in January 2008, Clinton backed out of a cover photo shoot with Vogue over concerns by the Clinton camp that she would appear "too feminine," which prompted the magazine's editor-in-chief, Anna Wintour, to write, "Imagine my amazement, then, when I learned that Hillary Clinton, our only female presidential hopeful, had decided to steer clear of our pages at this point in her campaign for fear of looking too feminine. The notion that a contemporary woman must look mannish in order to be taken seriously as a seeker of power is frankly dismaying. How has our culture come to this? How is it that The Washington Post recoils from the slightest hint of cleavage on a senator? This is America, not Saudi Arabia. It's also 2008: Margaret Thatcher may have looked terrific in a blue power suit, but that was 20 years ago. I do think Americans have moved on from the power-suit mentality, which served as a bridge for a generation of women to reach boardrooms filled with men. Political campaigns that do not recognize this are making a serious misjudgment."^[476][477] For other meanings, see vogue. ... Anna Wintour (born November 3, 1949, in London) has been the editor-in-chief of American Vogue since 1988. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C.. It is also one of the citys oldest papers, having been founded in 1877. ... Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (née Roberts; born 13 October 1925) served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 until 1990, being the first and only woman to hold either post. ...

Opinion polling

Main article: Statewide opinion polling for the Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2008

See also: Nationwide opinion polling for the Democratic Party 2008 presidential candidates

See also

• Political positions of Hillary Rodham Clinton
• Opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008
• Opinion polling for the Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008

These are some of Senator and former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clintons positions, votes, and remarks on various issues. ... Main article: United States presidential election, 2008 This is a collection of scientific, nation-wide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the U.S. presidential election, 2008. ... This is a collection of scientific, state-wide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the Democratic presidential primaries, 2008. ...

Notes and references