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Encyclopedia > Hindi languages
Hindi
Geographic
distribution:
South Asia
Genetic
classification
:
Indo-European
 Indo-Iranian
  Indo-Aryan
   Central zone
    Hindi
Subdivisions:
Western Hindi
Eastern Hindi
ISO 639-2: hin

Hindi as defined by the 1991 Indian census includes linguistically disparate Indo-Aryan dialects. Linguistically, Hindi dialects are a number of Central zone languages, divided into a Western and an Eastern group. "Hindi" in the narrow definition of SIL International is the Khariboli dialect. Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ... A language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common proto-language. ... For other uses, see Indo-European. ... The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, which belong to the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Indo-Aryan languages include some 210 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Iranian language family. ... ISO 639-2 is the second part of the ISO 639 standard, which lists codes for the representation of the names of languages. ... Hindi (DevanāgarÄ«: or , IAST: , IPA:  ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the 22 official languages of India and is also used for central government administrative purposes , along with English. ... Map showing the population density of each district in India Map showing the population growth over the past ten years of each district in India Map showing the literacy rate of each district in India Map showing the sex ratio of each district in India Chart showing the percentage of... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, which belong to the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Indo-Aryan languages include some 210 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Iranian language family. ... SIL International is a worldwide non-profit evangelical Christian organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document lesser-known languages in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy and aid minority language development. ... Khariboli (also Khadiboli, Khadi-Boli, or Khari dialect), (/ /; Hindi: खड़ी बोली; Urdu: كهڑى بولى, khaṛī bolÄ«; lit. ...


Languages also included under "Hindi" in the 1991 census are the Bihari languages, the Rajasthani languages and the Pahari languages (excepting Dogri). Bihari is a name given to the western group of Eastern Indic languages, spoken in Bihar and neighboring states in India. ... Rajasthani is one of the prominent languages of Indo-Aryan language family. ... The Pahari languages, also known as Northern Zone languages, are a group of related Indo-Aryan languages or dialects spoken in the lower ranges of the Himalayas from Nepal in the east to the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh in the west. ... Areas in India and Pakistan where Dogri and related dialects are spoken Dogri (डोगरी or ڈوگرى) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about two million people in India and Pakistan, chiefly in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, but also in northern Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, other parts of Kashmir, and...

Contents

Western Hindi

The Western Hindi languages, descending from Sauraseni, include some 12 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Aryan language family. Each subfamily in this list contains subgroups and individual languages. A Dramatic Prakrit, Sauraseni was the chief language of northern medieval India, evolving into the Hindi language complex and Punjabi. ... SIL International is a worldwide non-profit evangelical Christian organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document lesser-known languages in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy and aid minority language development. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... The Indo-Aryan languages include some 210 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Iranian language family. ...

The word Hindustani is an adjective used to denote a connection to India, or, more precisely, the historical region that encompasses Northern India, Pakistan, and nearby areas. ... Khariboli (also Khadiboli, Khadi-Boli, or Khari dialect), (/ /; Hindi: खड़ी बोली; Urdu: كهڑى بولى, khaṛī bolī; lit. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... Bundeli is a dialect of Hindi spoken in the Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh and Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh. ... The Braj language, also called Braj Bhasha, Braj Bhakha, or Daihaati Zabaan (country language), is a Central Indo-Aryan language closely related to Hindi. ... Hariyanavi or Jatu or Bangaru is a dialect of Hindi language, spoken in the North Indian state of Haryana, and also in Delhi particularly by Jats. ... Kanauji is a language (or dialect) of India, with about 6 million speakers in the Kanauj area of Uttar Pradesh. ...

Eastern Hindi

Eastern Hindi (East Central Indo-Aryan), the speech varieties developed from Ardhamagadhi, together with Western Hindi makes up the bulk of the dialects summarily known as Hindi (Hindustani). Prakrit (Sanskrit prakrta: natural, usual, vulgar) refers to the broad family of the Indic languages and dialects spoken in ancient India. ... Braj, though never a clearly defined political region, is considered to be the land of Krishna and is derived from the Sanksrit word vraja. ... Hindi (DevanāgarÄ«: or , IAST: , IPA:  ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the 22 official languages of India and is also used for central government administrative purposes , along with English. ... The word Hindustani is an adjective used to denote a connection to India, or, more precisely, the historical region that encompasses Northern India, Pakistan, and nearby areas. ...

Awadhi is a dialect of Hindi, spoken in the Awadh (Oudh) region of Uttar Pradesh. ... , Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: , Urdu: , IPA:  , translation: Northern Province), [often referred to as U.P.], located in central-south Asia and northern India, is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Republic of India. ... Allahabad district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Allahabad town is the district headquarters. ... Fatehpur district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh Located in the banks of the sacred rivers Ganga and Jamuna, Fatehpur was mentioned in the puranic literature. ... Mirzapur is a district in Uttar Pradesh state India. ... Unnao District is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. ... Raebareli District is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. ... Sitapur district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, with Sitapur town as the district headquarters. ... Faizabad district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Faizabad town is the district headquarters. ... Gonda District is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. ... Basti district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India. ... Bahraich District is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Bahraich town is the district headquarters. ... Sultanpur is a district in the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. ... Pratapgarh district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India. ... Barabanki district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India. ... ÅšrÄ« Rāmcharitmānas (Hindi रामचरितमानस) is an epic poem composed by the great 16th-century Indian poet, Goswami Tulsidas (c. ... GosvāmÄ« TulsÄ«dās (1532-1623; DevanāgarÄ«: तुलसीदास) was an Awadhi poet and philosopher. ... Sadhukaddi, a popular language of medieval India, is a vernacular dialect of Hindi/ Hindustani which is a mix of Hindi (Khariboli), Braj Bhasha, Awadhi, Bhojpuri and Rajasthani, hence it is also commonly called a Panchmail Khichadi. ... , VārāasÄ« ( , Hindi: , IPA: ), also known as Benares, Banaras, or Benaras ( , Hindi: , , IPA: ), or Kashi or Kasi ( , Hindi: , ), is a famous Hindu holy city situated on the banks of the river Ganges (Ganga) in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. ... A painting of Kabir KabÄ«r (also KabÄ«ra) (Hindi: कबीर, GurmukhÄ«: ਕਬੀਰ, Urdu: ) (1440—1518[1]) (born in 1398 according to some accounts[1][2]) was a mystic poet or poet sants of India, whose literature has greatly influenced the Bhakti as well as Sufi movements of India. ... Bagheli is a dialect of the Baghelkhand region of central India. ... Rewa District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. ... Shahdol District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. ... Satna District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. ... , Madhya Pradesh (abbreviated as MP)   (HindÄ«: मध्य प्रदेश, English: , IPA: ), often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. ... Chhattisgarhi language (छत्तिसगढ़ी) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. ... , Chhattisgarh (Chhattisgarhi/Hindi: छत्तीसगढ़, IPA: )  , a state in central India, formed when the sixteen Chhattisgarhi-speaking southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh gained statehood on November 1, 2000. ... Dhanwar also known as Rai (ISO/DIS 639-3: dhw) is a language spoken in parts of Nepal and Sikkim mainly by the Rai community. ... Hindustani (/ /; ; हिन्दुस्तानी, ہندوستانی), also known as Hindi-Urdu, is a term used by linguists to describe several closely related idioms in the northern, central and northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent and the vernacular blend between its two standardized registers in the form of the official languages of Hindi and Urdu, as...

See also

  • List of Central Indo-Aryan languages

The Central Indo-Aryan languages include some 67 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Aryan language family. ...

External links

  • Western Hindi language tree
  • East Central Indo-Aryan languages

  Results from FactBites:
 
Hindi Language and Literature (844 words)
Hindi is a direct descendant of Sanskrit through Prakrit and Apabhramsha.
Outside of India, Hindi speakers are 100,000 in USA; 685,170 in Mauritius; 890,292 in South Africa; 232,760 in Yemen; 147,000 in Uganda; 5,000 in Singapore; 8 million in Nepal; 20,000 in New Zealand; 30,000 in Germany.
Urdu, the official language of Pakistan, spoken by about 41 million in Pakistan and other countries, is essentially the same language.
Hindi Language - ninemsn Encarta (317 words)
Native speakers of Hindi are concentrated in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Rajasthan.
Hindi is an Indo-Aryan language, a direct descendant of Sanskrit, and is written in the Devanagari script.
In essence, Hindi and Urdu, the official language of Pakistan, are the same language, but Urdu is written in the Persian-Arabic script and has adopted a large part of its vocabulary from those languages, whereas Hindi draws on Sanskrit vocabulary.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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