Hindmarsh Island (Kumarangk in Ngarrindjeri dialect) is an island in South Australia. The Ngarrinjeri is the language and traditional Aboriginal people of the lower Murray River and western Fleurieu Peninsula, Australia. ... Motto: United for the Common Wealth Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Governor Marjorie Jackson-Nelson Premier Mike Rann (ALP) Area 1,043,514 km² (4th)  - Land 983,482 km²  - Water 60,032 km² (5. ...

History

The first European to set foot on Hindmarsh Island was Captain Charles Sturt in 1830. Sturt used the Island as a viewing point and from there he sighted the Murray Mouth. The following year (1831) Captain Collet Barker surveyed the Murray Mouth but was killed by Aboriginals after swimming across the mouth. Captain Charles Sturt (April 28, 1795 _ June 16, 1869), Australian explorer, was born in India and joined the British Army as a young man, seeing action with the Duke of Wellington in Spain and at Waterloo. ... Collet Barker (1784-30 April 1831), military officer and explorer, explored areas of South Australia. ... Australian Aborigines are the indigenous peoples of Australia. ...

The island was named by Captain John William Dundas Blenkinsop in 1837 after South Australias first Governor, Sir John Hindmarsh.

In 1849 Doctor Rankine was granted an occupational licence to become the island's first grazer. 1854 Charles Price purchased a large portion of the island.

In the 1850's a flour Mill was constructed. In 1857 a signal mast was erected at Barker Knoll to convey safe passage condition messages to vessels wishing to pass through the mouth. A public ferry began operations between Goolwa and the island in 1858. In the same year the first inter colonial telegraph line passed through the island to link Adelaide with Melbourne. In 1861 the cemetery was surveyed. In 1900 a cheese factory was built.

Hereford cattle and Shropshire sheep arrived in South Australia in 1868, when Charles Price introduced them onto the island. Motto: United for the Common Wealth Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Governor Marjorie Jackson-Nelson Premier Mike Rann (ALP) Area 1,043,514 km² (4th)  - Land 983,482 km²  - Water 60,032 km² (5. ...

Hindmarsh Island today has fresh water on its northern shore and salt water on the southern shores. The waters being separated by a series of barrages. As early as 1914 an experimental barrage was constructed to link Hindmarsh Island with Mundoo Island. Construction of the permanent barrages took place between 1935-1940 with the aim of maintaining a consistant water level around the river Port of Goolwa and keeping salt water from the northern shore improving agricultural opportunities.

Mains electricity arrived on the island 1965.

The area to the east of the Murray Mouth of Hindmarsh Island is the beginning of the Coorong National Park. In November 1985 appoximately 1,405 square kilometres of area around the island was designated as a RAMSAR site of international importance to promote the conservation and sustainable use of wetland areas. In 2001, approximately a third of the island, the 10.81 km² Wyndgate property, was added to the Coorong National Park. Sunset over the northern part of The Coorong, approaching the town of Meningie Coorong is a national park in South Australia (Australia), 156 km southeast of Adelaide. ... Ramsar (in Persian: رامسر) is a town in Mazandaran pronivce of Iran, at the Caspian Sea. ...

As of 2005 the Hindmarsh Island Marina boasts the title of the largest freshwater marina in the Southern Hemisphere (http://www.murrayriver.com.au/news/flooding.htm). 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Hindmash Island Bridge

March 4th, 2001 saw the official opening of the Hindmarsh Island Bridge linking the Island to Goolwa. The building of the bridge generated national interest (see Hindmarsh Island Bridge Bill 1996 (http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/bd/1996-97/97bd050.htm)) and much debate and controversy because some landowners and a section of the local Aboriginal people (the Ngarrindjeri) objected to the bridge. The case concerning this, Kartinyeri v the Commonwealth (Hindmarsh Island Bridge Case) is now now very important in Australian Law. Indigenous peoples are: Peoples living in an area prior to colonization by a state Peoples living in an area within a nation-state, prior to the formation of a nation-state, but who do not identify with the dominant nation. ... The Ngarrinjeri is the language and traditional Aboriginal people of the lower Murray River and western Fleurieu Peninsula, Australia. ...

It was also alledged that the Ngarrindjeri objectors fabricated a cultural significance of the Island (the Secret Women's Business) in order to help fight the development of the bridge. This was never prooven or disprooven, as key evidence was withdrawn when the Minister for Indegenous Affairs (a man) said he would personally view any evidence put foward, even if it was considered women's buisness. A later civil case determined the claims were true on the balance of evidence. The Ngarrinjeri is the language and traditional Aboriginal people of the lower Murray River and western Fleurieu Peninsula, Australia. ...