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The history of Armenia is ancient and stretches back to prehistoric times. Although the Armenians were often subjugated to nearby powers, they never gave up their national identity, and always tried to reaffirm their sovereignty over their ancestral lands. Statue of Haik in Yerevan Haik (Also spelled Hayk or Haig) is the legendary patriarch and establisher of the first Armenian nation. ...
Armens, located in the Armenian Highland, the people are usually referred to as Arman, Armenic. ...
Hayasa-Azzi or Azzi-Hayasa was a confederation formed between the Kingdoms of Hayasa located South of Trabzon and Azzi, located North of the Euphrates and to the South of Hayasa. ...
This does not cite its references or sources. ...
Urartu at its greatest extent 743 BC Urartu (Biainili in Urartian) was an ancient kingdom in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey). ...
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (sometimes referred to as Armenia Minor) was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. ...
The Orontid Dynasty was the first Armenian dynasty. ...
The Artaxiad Dynasty ruled Armenia from 189 BC until their overthrow by the Romans in AD 12. ...
The Arsacid Dynasty (Arshakuni Dynasty) ruled the Kingdom of Armenia from AD 54 to 428. ...
Marzpanate period is the time in Armenian history after the fall of the Arshakuni Dynasty of Armenia in 428, when most of Armenia was governed by Marzbans (Governors-general of the boundaries), nominated by the Sassanid Persian King. ...
Byzantine Armenia is the name given to the Armenian part of the Byzantine Empire. ...
The Bagratuni or Bagratid royal dynasty of Armenia (Armenian: Ô²Õ¡Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ¶ÕµÕ¡Ö Ô±Ö€Ö„Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ ÕÕ¸Õ°Õ´ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm) is a royal family whose branches formerly ruled many regional polities, including Armenian lands of Syunik, Lori, Vaspurakan, Kars, Taron, and Tayk. ...
Vaspurakan was a province and then kingdom of Greater Armenia during the Middle Ages. ...
The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, 1199-1375. ...
Persian Armenia, AD 387-591 Persian Armenia corresponds to the Armenian territory controlled by Persia throughout history. ...
It has been suggested that Ottoman Armenian be merged into this article or section. ...
Eastern Armenia or Russian Armenia is the portion of Ottoman Armenia that was ceded to the Russian Empire following the Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829. ...
Contemporary political cartoon portraying Hamid as a butcher of the Armenians During the long reign of Sultan Hamid, unrest and rebellion occurred in many areas of the Ottoman Empire. ...
Armenian Genocide photo. ...
National motto: n/a Language Armenian (official) Capital Yerevan Independence From Imperial Russia, 1918 Currency Armenian dram National anthem Mer Hayrenik The Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA; Armenian: Դեմոկրատական Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն, Demokratakan Hayastani Hanrapetutyun; also known as the First Republic of Armenia), 1918–1922, was the first modern establishment of a Republic of...
State motto: ÕŠÖ€Õ¸Õ¬Õ¥Õ¿Õ¡Ö€Õ¶Õ¥Ö€ Õ¢Õ¸Õ¬Õ¸Ö€ Õ¥Ö€Õ¯Ö€Õ¶Õ¥Ö€Õ«, Õ´Õ«Õ¡ÖÕ¥Ö„! (Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None. ...
The military history of Armenia encompasses a period of several thousand years, as the Armenian people have existed as a nation since the Late Bronze Age. ...
// 883 BC: Foundation of the Kingdom of Urartu with Aramé. 834-828 BC: Reign of Sarduri I who constructs Tushpa (Van). ...
One of the most influential doctrines in history is that all humans are divided into groups called nations. ...
The existence of Armenia as a cultural entity begins with the proto-Armenian tribes such as the Hayasa-Azzi and the Armens. The legendary founder of Armenia was Haik, a chieftain who called on his kinsmen to unite into a single nation, thus forming Armenia. Later came the kingdom of Urartu, which existed from about 1000 BC, or earlier, until 585 BC. Ararat was the mountain around which was centered Urartu and subsequent kingdoms, and is still considered sacred by the Armenians. After the crumbling of Alexander the Great's empire, the Orontid dynasty established itself in Armenia. Later on, with the Artaxiad dynasty (190 BC), the Armenians affirmed themselves as a fearsome nation of the Roman East. Moreover, under the leadership of Tigranes II, they successfully established an empire. Hayasa-Azzi or Azzi-Hayasa was a confederation formed between the Kingdoms of Hayasa located South of Trabzon and Azzi, located North of the Euphrates and to the South of Hayasa. ...
Armens, located in the Armenian Highland, the people are usually referred to as Arman, Armenic. ...
Statue of Haik in Yerevan Haik (Also spelled Hayk or Haig) is the legendary patriarch and establisher of the first Armenian nation. ...
Mount Ararat (Turkish: , Armenian: , Kurdish: , Greek: , Persian: ‎, Russian: , Hebrew: ‎, Tiberian Hebrew: ) is the tallest peak in Turkey. ...
The Orontid Dynasty was the first Armenian dynasty. ...
Tigranes II (140 BC - 55 BC; also spelt Tigran and Dikran) was a king of Armenia. ...
In 301, Armenia became the first sovereign nation to officially accept Christianity as a state religion. The Armenian Apostolic Church later became a great defender of Armenian nationalism. The Armenians later fell under Byzantine, Persians, and Islamic hegemony, but reinstated their independence with the Bagratuni Dynasty kingdom of Armenia, rival to nearby Atropatene. After the fall of the kingdom in 1045, and the subsequent Seljuk conquest of Armenia in 1064, the Armenians established a kingdom in Cilicia, where they established cordial relations with the Europeans and prolonged their existence as an independent entity to 1375. Greater Armenia was later divided between the Ottoman Empire and Russia. Armenians then suffered in the genocide that was inflicted on them by the Ottomans. As a result, 1.5 million Armenians were killed, and the rest of the Western Armenians were dispersed throughout the world via Syria and Lebanon. Armenia, from then on corresponding to much of Eastern Armenia, once again gained independence in 1918, with the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Armenia, and then in 1991, with the Republic of Armenia. Events September 3 - The republic of San Marino is established (traditional date). ...
The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...
The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the old Persian homeland, and beyond in Western Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus. ...
Islam (Arabic: ; ( ▶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ...
The Bagratuni or Bagratid royal dynasty of Armenia (Armenian: Ô²Õ¡Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ¶ÕµÕ¡Ö Ô±Ö€Ö„Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ ÕÕ¸Õ°Õ´ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm) is a royal family whose branches formerly ruled many regional polities, including Armenian lands of Syunik, Lori, Vaspurakan, Kars, Taron, and Tayk. ...
Azerbaijan or Azerbeijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan, Azərbeycan) is a country in the Caucaus region, adjacent to the Caspian Sea. ...
Events Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan. ...
Events Sunset Crater Volcano first erupts. ...
Cilicia as Roman province, 120 AD In Antiquity, Cilicia (Κιλικία) was the name of a region, now known as Çukurova, and often a political unit, on the southeastern coast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey), north of Cyprus. ...
Events October 24 - Valdemar IV of Denmark dies and is succeeded by his grandson Olaf III of Denmark. ...
Motto: دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans - 1281–1326 Osman I - 1918–1922 Mehmed VI...
Eastern Armenia or Russian Armenia is the portion of Ottoman Armenia that was ceded to the Russian Empire following the Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829. ...
Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ...
National motto: n/a Language Armenian (official) Capital Yerevan Independence From Imperial Russia, 1918 Currency Armenian dram National anthem Mer Hayrenik The Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA; Armenian: Դեմոկրատական Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն, Demokratakan Hayastani Hanrapetutyun; also known as the First Republic of Armenia), 1918–1922, was the first modern establishment of a Republic of...
1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Prehistory Archaeologists refer to the Shulaveri-Shomu culture of the central Transcaucasus region, including modern Armenia, as the earliest known prehistoric culture in the area, carbon-dated to roughly 6000 - 4000 BC. However, a recently discovered tomb has been dated to 9000 BC. Another early culture in the Armenian Highland and surrounding areas—the Kura-Araxes culture—is assigned the period of ca. 4000 - 2200 BC, and is believed to have subsequently developed into the Trialeti culture (ca. 2200 - 1500 BC). Armenians are one of the oldest Indo-European subgroups. The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
The Transcaucasus is a region covering the majority of Caucasus mountain range. ...
Armenian Highland (Armenian Upland) is part of the Transcaucasian Highland and constitutes the continuation of the Caucasus mountains. ...
The Kura-Araxes culture was a important Chalcolithic (copper-stone age) and bronze age culture that flourished in the Caucasus, eastern Anatolia and northwestern Iran from about 4000 B.C. to 2200 B.C. after which they were presumably overrun and absorbed by the Hurrians, who swept down from the...
Trialeti is a mountainous area in central Georgia. ...
For the language group see Indo-European languages; for other uses see Indo-European (disambiguation) Indo-Europeans are speakers of Indo-European languages. ...
Part of the series on
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Vartavar
Over the years Armenia has developed a modern, unique and successful culture. ...
Image File history File links Arm-culture. ...
A famous khachkar at Goshavank. ...
Armenian cuisine is as ancient as the history of Armenia, and a combination of different tastes and aromas. ...
A traditional Armenian dance The Armenian dance heritage has been one of the oldest, richest and most varied in the Near East. ...
The dress of the Armenians have been complimented by a rich cultural tradition. ...
The existing Armenian literature begins around 400 AD. History The Armenians once had a temple literature of their own, which was destroyed in the 4th and 5th centuries by the Christian clergy, so thoroughly that barely twenty lines of it survive in the history of Moses of Khoren (Chorene). ...
Armenia is in the Caucasus Mountains, and its music is a mix of indigenous folk music, perhaps best-represented by Djivan Gasparyans well-known duduk music, as well as light pop, and extensive Christian music, due to Armenias status as the oldest Christian nation in the world. ...
Vartavar (also known as Vardevar or Vardavar, Armenian: ) is a festival in Armenia where people of all ages drench each other with water. ...
| The original Armenian name for the country was Hayq, later Hayastan, translated as the land of Haik, and consisting of the name Haik and the Iranian suffix '-stan' (land). According to legend, Haik was a great-great-grandson of Noah (son of Togarmah, who was a son of Gomer, a son of Noah's son, Yafet), and according to tradition, a forefather of all Armenians. Mount Ararat, a sacred mountain for the Armenian people, rising in the center of the Armenian Highland as its highest peak, is traditionally considered the landing place of Noah's Ark. Statue of Haik in Yerevan Haik (Also spelled Hayk or Haig) is the legendary patriarch and establisher of the first Armenian nation. ...
Noahs Ark, Französischer Meister (The French Master), Magyar Szépművészeti Múzeum, Budapest. ...
Armenian Highland (Armenian Upland) is part of the Transcaucasian Highland and constitutes the continuation of the Caucasus mountains. ...
Noahs Ark, Französischer Meister (The French Master), Magyar Szépművészeti Múzeum, Budapest. ...
Early history Between 1500 - 1200 BC, the Hayasa-Azzi existed in the western half of the Armenian Highland, often clashing with the Hittite Empire. Between 1200 - 800 BC, much of Armenia was united under a confederation of kingdoms, which Assyrian sources called Nairi ("Land of Rivers" in Assyrian"). The Egyptians used Nairi for Mitanni, referring to the "Land of Rivers". Nairi was later absorbed into the kingdom of Urartu. Hayasa-Azzi or Azzi-Hayasa was a confederation formed between the Kingdoms of Hayasa located South of Trabzon and Azzi, located North of the Euphrates and to the South of Hayasa. ...
This does not cite its references or sources. ...
Urartu was an ancient kingdom in Anatolia, centred in the mountainous region around Lake Van (presently in Turkey), which existed from about 1000 BC, or earlier, until 585 BC, and which, at its apogee, stretched from northern Mesopotamia through the southern Caucasus. ...
Urartu Greek historiography suggests that Armenians moved from Phrygia to the territory of the kingdom of Urartu between 1200 - 700 BC, which may not be accurate, Armenians were likely already located in the territory of Urartu, the name changed: Herodotus calls Armenians Phrygian colonists, and states that in the 5th century BC, when both Armenians and Phrygians served under Xerxes (during the reign of the Achaemenid Persian Empire), their costume and equipment were identical. A competing theory, suggested by Thomas Gamkrelidze, Vyacheslav V. Ivanov, and a number of other scholars, suggests that Armenians are native to the Armenian Highland, and comprised the population and the royal dynasty of Urartu, which is the theory most now believe. Urartu at its greatest extent 743 BC Urartu (Biainili in Urartian) was an ancient kingdom in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey). ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Phrygian can refer to: A person from Phrygia The Phrygian language This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Xerxes (the Greek form of the Persian KhshayÄrsha) is the name of two Persian kings of the Achaemenid dynasty: Xerxes I, reigned 485–465 BC. Xerxes II, reigned 424 BC. Xerxes may also refer to: Xerxes, an Armenian king, killed about 212 BC by Antiochus III the Great. ...
Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Dynasty was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire, including Cyrus II the Great, Darius I and Xerxes I. At the height of their power, the Achaemenid rulers of Persia ruled over territories roughly emcompassing some parts of todays Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon...
Tamaz (Thomas) V. Gamkrelidze (born October 23, 1929) is a distinguished Georgian linguist, orientalist and public benefactor, Academician (since 1974) and President (since February, 2005) of the Georgian Academy of Sciences (GAS), Director of the Tsereteli Institute of Oriental Studies of GAS (since 1973), Dr.Sci. ...
Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov is a prominent Russian philologist and Indo-Europeanist probably best known for his glottalic theory of Indo-European consonantism and for placing the Indo-European urheimat in the area of the Lake Urmia. ...
 Urartu in the time of Sarduris II, 743 BC The Kingdom of Urartu flourished in the Caucasus and eastern Asia Minor between the 9th century BC[1] and 585 BC[2] in the Armenian Highland when the first Armenian Empire was forged. The founder of the Urartian Kingdom, Aramé, united all the principalities of the Armenian Highland and gave himself the title "King of Kings", the traditional title of Urartian Kings.[3] As a result, the Urartians established their sovereignty over all of Taron and Vaspurakan. The main rival of Urartu was Assyria,[4] a state south of the Armenian Highland that often tried to conquer it. The mountainous landscape of Armenia greatly differed from the plains of Mesopotamia, and as a result, the Assyrian chariots were rendered useless.[5] The Urartians were thus able to keep the Assyrian army at bay.[6] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1708x976, 148 KB) Summary Urartus maximal expansion in 743 BC catalanian wikipedia by Usuari:Jolle File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Armenia Urartu Maps of Armenia...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1708x976, 148 KB) Summary Urartus maximal expansion in 743 BC catalanian wikipedia by Usuari:Jolle File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Armenia Urartu Maps of Armenia...
Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 790s BC 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC - 740s BC - 730s BC 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC Events and Trends February 26 747 BC - Nabonassar becomes king of Assyria 747 BC - Meles becomes king...
Urartu at its greatest extent 743 BC Urartu (Biainili in Urartian) was an ancient kingdom in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Caucasus Mountains. ...
Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to...
(10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC - other centuries) (900s BC - 890s BC - 880s BC - 870s BC - 860s BC - 850s BC - 840s BC - 830s BC - 820s BC - 810s BC - 800s BC - other decades) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) Events Kingdom of Kush (900 BC...
Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC Events and Trends 589 BC - Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt 588 BC _ Nebuchadnezzar II of...
Armenian Highland (Armenian Upland) is part of the Transcaucasian Highland and constitutes the continuation of the Caucasus mountains. ...
Aramu was the first known king of Armenia). ...
Taron was a region of Old Armenia divised in four districts: Mamikonian, Palauni, (Belabitene), Artokh (Ardjish or Artzike, North of Lake Van) and Olnut or Enut. ...
Vaspurakan was a province and then kingdom of Greater Armenia during the Middle Ages. ...
For other uses, see Assyria (disambiguation). ...
Mesopotamia refers to the region now occupied by modern Iraq, eastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, and Southwest Iran. ...
During the reign of Sarduri I (834-828 BC), Urartu had become a strong and organized state, and imposed taxes to neighbouring tribes. Sarduri made Van the capital of Urartu, which was then known as Tushpa. His son, Ishpuinis, extended the borders of the state by conquering what would later be known as the Tigranocerta area and by reaching Urmia. Menuas (810-785 BC) extended the Urartian territory up north, by spreading towards the Araratian fields. He left more than 90 inscriptions by using the Mesopotamian cuneiform scriptures with the Urartian language. He developed the Tushpa area by irrigating it. Among these rulers, Argishtis I of Urartu is considered the best. He became the lord of all of Armenia and Anatolia, conquered Latakia from the Hittites, and reached Byblos, Phoenicia. In order to further demonstrate the strength of his country, he built Erebuni in 782 BC by using 6600 prisoners of war. The Medes invaded Assyria later on in 612 BC, and then took over the Urartian capital of Van towards 585 BC, effectively ending the sovereignty of Urartu.[6] Sarduri I (reign - 834 BC - 828 BC) also known as Sarduris was the king of the ancient kingdom of Urartu in Anatolia. ...
Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 880s BC 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC 840s BC - 830s BC - 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC 780s BC Events and trends 836 BC - Shalmaneser III of Assyria leads an expedition against the Tabareni. ...
Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC 840s BC 830s BC - 820s BC - 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC 780s BC 770s BC Events and Trends 827 BC - Zhou xuan wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China. ...
Lake Van from space, September 1996 Lake Van Landsat photo Lake Van (Turkish: Van Gölü, in Armenian: Վանա լիճ) is the largest lake in Turkey, located in the far east of the country. ...
Tushpa was an ancient city, (modern Van, on the shore of Lake Van). ...
Ishpuinis of Urartu (Also: Ispuini) was a king of the ancient country of Urartu (Armenia). ...
Tigranocerta (also spelled Dikranagerd) was the capital of the Armenian Empire that Tigranes the Great founded (95‑56BC) south of the present city of Diyarbakır, Turkey. ...
Map of Iran showing location of Urmia. ...
Menuas was the fourth known king of Urartu, an ancient country in Anatolia, from ca 810 to 785 BC. A younger son of the preceding Urartan king Ishpuinis, he was made a co-ruler by his father in the last years of his reign. ...
Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 860s BC 850s BC 840s BC 830s BC 820s BC - 810s BC - 800s BC 790s BC 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC Events and trends 817 BC - Pedubastis I declares himself king of Egypt, founding the Twenty-third Dynasty. ...
Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC - 780s BC - 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC 730s BC Events and trends 789 BC - Nineveh destroyed 780 BC - The first historic solar eclipse is recorded in...
Look up Cuneiform in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Argishtis I (Argishtish) was the fifth known king of the ancient country of Urartu (in Anatolia) from 785 to 763 BC. A son and successor of Menuas, he continued the series of conquests initiated by his predecessors. ...
Roundabout in Latakia Latakia (Arabic: اللاذقية Al-Ladhiqiyah, Greek:Λαοδικεία) is the principal port city of Syria. ...
The ruins of the Crusader castle in Byblos. ...
Phoenician sarcophagus found in Cadiz, Spain; now in Archaeological Museum of Cádiz. ...
Yerevan (Armenian: Երեվան or Երևան; sometimes written as Erevan; former names include Erivan and Erebuni) (population: 1,201,539 (1989 census); 1,088,300 (2004 estimate)[1]) is the largest city and capital of Armenia. ...
Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC - 780s BC - 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC 730s BC Events and Trends 789 BC - Nineveh destroyed 780 BC - The first historic solar eclipse is recorded in...
Medea (Medea Proper), ca. ...
Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 660s BC 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC Events and Trends 619 BC - Alyattes becomes king of Lydia 619 BC _ Death of Zhou xiang...
Van is a city in eastern Turkey with a population of 380 000 (2001). ...
Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC Events and Trends 589 BC - Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt 588 BC _ Nebuchadnezzar II of...
Antiquity - For more details on this topic, see Roman relations with the Armenians.
After the fall of Urartu around 585 BC, the Kingdom of Armenia was ruled by the Armenian Orontid Dynasty, which governed the state in 585 - 190 BC. Under Orontids, Armenia at times was an independent kingdom, and at other times a satrapy of the Persian Empire. The Roman Republic, Kingdoms of Pontus, Armenia and Parthia before the outbreak of the Third Mithridatic War Contacts between the Italian peninsula and the Armenian Highland go back to the Iron Age when the Etruscan civilization traded with the Kingdom of Urartu by way of Phrygia and Ancient Greece. ...
Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC Events and Trends 589 BC - Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt 588 BC _ Nebuchadnezzar II of...
The Orontid Dynasty was the first Armenian dynasty. ...
Satrap (Greek σατράπης satrápēs, from Old Persian xšaθrapā(van), i. ...
 Goddess Anahit in Hellenistic style with the likeness of Aphrodite, the brass head bronze sculpture (2nd/1st century BC) was found in the 19th century in the district of Yerznka (Satala) and is currently kept at the British Museum (a replica can be seen at the State History Museum of Armenia in Yerevan). Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Goddess Anahit in Hellenistic style with the likeness of Aphrodite, the brass head bronze sculpture (2nd/1st century BC) was found in the 19th century in the district of Yerznka (Satala) and is currently kept at the British Museum (a replica can be seen at the State History Museum of...
The term Hellenistic (established by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen) in the history of the ancient world is used to refer to the shift from a culture dominated by ethnic Greeks, however scattered geographically, to a culture dominated by Greek-speakers of whatever ethnicity, and from the political dominance...
Location Location of Yerevan in Armenia Government Country Armenia Established 782 BC Mayor Yervand Zakharyan Geographical characteristics Area - City 227 km² Population - City (2004) - Density 1,226,000 5196. ...
Artaxiad dynasty After the destruction of the Seleucid Empire, a Hellenistic Greek successor state of Alexander the Great's short-lived empire, a Hellenistic Armenian state was founded in 190 BC, with Artaxias becoming its first kings and the founder of the Artaxiad dynasty (190 BC - 1 AD). At the same time, a western portion of the kingdom split as a separate state under Zariadris, which became known as Lesser Armenia while the main kingdom acquired the name of Greater Armenia.[2] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (700x711, 61 KB) The Armenian Empire. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (700x711, 61 KB) The Armenian Empire. ...
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (sometimes referred to as Armenia Minor) was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. ...
Tigranes the Great (Armenian: , EA: Tigran Mets, WA: Dikran Medz, Greek: ) (ruled 95 BCE–55 BCE) (also called Tigranes II and sometimes Tigranes I) was a king of Armenia under whom the country became for a short time the strongest state in the Roman East. ...
The Seleucid Empire was a Hellenistic successor state of Alexander the Greats dominion. ...
The Hellenistic period of Greek history was the period between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the Greek peninsula and islands by Rome in 146 BC. Although the establishment of Roman rule did not break the continuity of Hellenistic society and culture, which...
Alexander the Great (Greek: ,[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BC–June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336–323 BC), was one of the most successful military commanders in history. ...
Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC Years: 195 BC 194 BC 193 BC 192 BC 191 BC - 190 BC - 189 BC 188 BC...
(Redirected from 1 AD) For other uses, see One (disambiguation), for the number, see Number 1. ...
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (sometimes referred to as Armenia Minor) was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. ...
// Prehistory Archaeologists refer to the Shulaveri-Shomu culture of the central Transcaucasus region, including modern Armenia, as the earliest known prehistoric culture in the area, carbon-dated to roughly 6000 - 4000 BC. However, a recently discovered tomb has been dated to 9000 BC. Another early culture in the Armenian Highland...
The new kings began a program of expansion which was to reach its zenith a century later. Their acquisitions are summarized by Strabo. Zariadris acquired Acilisene and the "country around the Antitaurus", possibly the district of Muzur or west of the Euphrates. Artaxias took lands from the Medes, Iberians, and Syrians. He then had confrontations with Pontus, Seleucid Syria and Cappadocia, and was included in the treaty which followed the victory of a group of Anatolian kings over Pharnaces of Pontus in 181 BC. Pharnaces thus abandoned all of his gains in the west. All of this goes to show that Artaxias was an ambitious monarch of international stature.[7] Region and family of the old Armenia c. ...
Bold text For the song River Euphrates by the Pixies, see Surfer Rosa The Euphrates (IPA: /juËˈfreɪtiËz/; Greek: EuphrátÄ“s; Akkadian: Pu-rat-tu; Hebrew: פְּרָת PÄ•rÄth; Syriac: Prâth; Arabic: الÙرات Al-FurÄt; Turkish: Fırat; Kurdish: Ùرهات, Firhat, Ferhat, Azeri: FÉ™rat) is the...
At its zenith, from 95 to 66 BC, Greater Armenia extended its rule over parts of the Caucasus and the area that is now eastern and central Turkey, northwestern Iran, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon, forming the second Armenian empire. For a time, Armenia was one of the most powerful states in the Roman East. It eventually confronted the Roman Republic in a war, which it lost in 66 BC, but nonetheless preserved its sovereignty. Tigranes continued to rule Armenia as an ally of Rome until his death in 55 BCE.[8] Later on, in 1 AD, Armenia came under Roman control until the establishment of the Armenian Arsacid dynasty. The Armenian people then adopted a Western political, philosophical, and religious orientation. According to Strabo, around this time everyone in Armenia spoke "the same language." (Strabo 11.14.4). The Holy Land or Palestine Showing not only the Old Kingdoms of Judea and Israel but also the 12 Tribes Distinctly, and Confirming Even the Diversity of the Locations of their Ancient Positions and Doing So as the Holy Scriptures Indicate, a geographic map from the studio of Tobiae Conradi...
See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). ...
Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC - 50s BC - 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC Years: 60 BC 59 BC 58 BC 57 BC 56 BC 55 BC 54 BC 53 BC 52...
Area under Roman control Roman Republic Roman Empire Western Empire Eastern Empire Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a city-state founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ...
The Armenians are a nation and an ethnic group, originating in the Caucasus and eastern Asia Minor. ...
Arsacid dynasty
 Armenia in the 4th Century, 299-387 A. D. Armenia was often a focus of contention between Rome and Parthia.[9] The Parthians forced Armenia into submission from 37 to 47, when the Romans retook control of the kingdom. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Parthia[1] (Middle Persian: اشکانیان Ashkâniân) was a civilization situated in the northeast of modern Iran, but at its height covering all of Iran proper, as well as regions of the modern countries of Armenia, Iraq, Georgia, eastern Turkey, eastern Syria, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kuwait, the Persian Gulf...
Under Nero, the Romans fought a campaign (55–63) against the Parthian Empire, which had invaded the kingdom of Armenia, allied to the Romans. After gaining (60) and losing (62) Armenia, the Romans sent XV Apollinaris from Pannonia to Cn. Domitius Corbulo, legatus of Syria. Corbulo, with the legions XV Apollinaris, III Gallica, V Macedonica, X Fretensis and XXII, entered (63) into the territories of Vologases I of Parthia, who returned the Armenian kingdom to Tiridates, founder of the Arshakuni Dynasty. Nero[1] Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (December 15, AD 37 – June 9, AD 68), born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, was the fifth and last Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (54–68). ...
Parthian Empire at its greatest extent, c60 BCE. The Parthian Empire was the dominating force on the Iranian plateau beginning in the late 3rd century BCE, and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between ca 190 BCE and 224 CE. Parthia was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the east and...
Legio XV Apollinaris (devoted to Apollo) was a Roman legion. ...
Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ...
Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo (around AD 7 - AD 67) was a Roman general. ...
Legio III Gallica was a Roman legion levied by Julius Caesar around 49 BC, for his civil war against the conservative republicans led by Pompey. ...
This coin was issued by Roman emperor Gallienus to celebrate the V Macedonica, whose symbol, the eagle, is crowned of wrath by Victoria. ...
Legio X Fretensis (Latin: Tenth legion of the sea strait) was a Roman legion levied by Augustus in 41/40 BC to fight during the period of civil war that started the dissolution of the Roman Republic. ...
Vologases I of Parthia ruled the Parthian Empire (a forerunner of todays Iran) from about 51 to 78. ...
Tiridates, was the youngest brother of the Parthian king Vologases I., who with interruptions from 53 to 68 or 72 was king of Armenia and founder of the Armenian line of the Arsacid Dynasty known as the Arshakuni Dynasty in Armenia. ...
Kingdom of Armenia under the Arshakuni Dynasty, 150 AD The Arsacid Dynasty (Arshakuni Dynasty) ruled the Kingdom of Armenia from AD 54 to 428. ...
Another campaign was led by Emperor Lucius Verus in 162-165, after Vologases IV of Parthia had invaded Armenia and installed his chief general on its throne. To counter the Parthian threat, Verus set out for the east. His army won significant victories and retook the capital. Sohaemus, a Roman citizen of Armenian heritage, was installed as the new client king.[10] Lucius Ceionius Commodus Verus Armeniacus (December 15, 130 – 168), known simply as Lucius Verus, was Roman co-emperor with Marcus Aurelius (161–180), from 161 until his death. ...
Coin of Vologases IV. The reverse shows the throned king receiving a diadem from Tyche. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Satellite state. ...
The Sassanid Persians occupied Armenia in 252 and held it until the Romans returned in 287. In 387 the kingdom was split between the Byzantine or East Roman Empire and the Persians.[11] Western Armenia quickly became a province of the Roman Empire under the name of Armenia Minor; Eastern Armenia remained a kingdom within Persia until 428, when the local nobility overthrew the king, and the Sassanids installed a governor in his place. Sassanid Empire at its greatest extent The Sassanid dynasty (also Sassanian) was the name given to the kings of Persia during the era of the second Persian Empire, from 224 until 651, when the last Sassanid shah, Yazdegerd III, lost a 14-year struggle to drive out the Umayyad Caliphate...
Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ...
Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (sometimes referred to as Armenia Minor) was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. ...
 Tenth Century Armenian Gospel According to tradition, the Armenian Apostolic Church was established by two of Jesus' twelve apostles--Thaddaeus and Bartholomew--who preached Christianity in Armenia in the 40's-60's AD.[12] Between 1st and 4th centuries AD, the Armenian Church was headed by patriarchs. Image File history File links Armgospel10. ...
Image File history File links Armgospel10. ...
“Apostle†redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Saint Jude (disambiguation). ...
Bartholomew redirects here. ...
Christianized Arsacid dynasty In 301, Armenia became the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion.[13] It established a church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 after having rejected the Council of Chalcedon.[14] The Armenian Apostolic Church is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. The first Catholicos of the Armenian church was Saint Gregory the Illuminator.[15] Because of his beliefs, he was persecuted by the pagan king of Armenia, and was "punished" by being thrown in Khor Virap, in modern-day Armenia.[16] He acquired the title of Illuminator, because he illuminated the spirits of Armenians by introducing Christianity to them. // Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ...
Eastern Orthodoxy (also called Greek Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy) is a Christian tradition which represents the majority of Eastern Christianity. ...
The Council of Chalcedon was an ecumenical council that took place from October 8 to November 1, 451, at Chalcedon (a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor), today part of the city of Istanbul on the Asian side of the Bosphorus and known as the district of Kadıköy. ...
Official standard of Karekin II Catholicos of Armenia The Armenian Apostolic Church, sometimes called the Armenian Orthodox Church or the Gregorian Church, is the worlds oldest national church and one of the most ancient Christian communities. ...
The term Oriental Orthodoxy refers to the churches of Eastern Christian traditions that keeps the faith of only the first three ecumenical councils of the undivided Church - the councils of Nicea, Constantinople and Ephesus. ...
His Holiness, the Catholicos of Armenia and of All Armenians (plural Catholicoi, due to its Greek origin) is the head bishop of Armenias dominant church, the Armenian Apostolic Church. ...
Saint Gregory the Illuminator (alternate: Armenian: Ô³Ö€Õ«Õ£Õ¸Ö€ Ô¼Õ¸Ö‚Õ½Õ¡Ö‚Õ¸Ö€Õ«Õ¹ translit. ...
The Khor Virap (Ô½Õ¸Ö€ ÕŽÕ«Ö€Õ¡Õº in Armenian, meaning deep dungeon) monastery is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Armenia. ...
During its later political eclipses, Armenia depended on the church to preserve and protect its unique identity.
In 405/406, Armenia's political future seemed to be uncertain. With the help of the King of Armenia, Mesrop Mashtots thus invented a unique alphabet to suit the people's needs.[17] By doing so, he ushered a new Golden Age and strengthened the Armenian national identity and belongingness. // Events Japanese court officially adopts the Chinese writing system (approximate date). ...
Events December 31 - Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia Roman legions in Britain mutiny against the Roman Emperor and select Marcus as new Roman Emperor. ...
Saint Mesrob Mashdots (Armenian: Western:Մեսրոբ Մաշդոց; Eastern:Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց [Mesrop Mashtots]) (360 - February 17, 440) was an Armenian monk, theologian and linguist. ...
The Golden Age of Armenia was a time when the Kingdom of Armenia flourished. ...
In the 5th century, the Sassanid Shah Yazdegerd II tried to tie his Christian Armenian subjects more closely to the Sassanid Empire by imposing the Zoroastrian religion.[18] The Armenians greatly resented this, and as a result, a rebellion broke out with Vartan Mamikonian as the leader of the rebels. Yazdegerd thus massed his army and sent it to Armenia, where the Battle of Avarayr took place in 451. The 66,000 Armenian rebels,[19] mostly peasants, lost their morale when Mamikonian himself died in the battlefield. They did not stand a chance against the 180,00-220,000-strong[20] Persian army of Immortals and war elephants. Despite being a military defeat, the Battle of Avarayr and the subsequent guerrilla war in Armenia eventually resulted in the Treaty of Nvarsak (484), which guaranteed religious freedom to the Armenians.[21] Zoroastrianism was adapted from an earlier, polytheistic faith by Zarathushtra (Zoroaster) in Persia very roughly around 1000 BC (although, in the absence of written records, some scholars estimates are as late as 600 BC). ...
Battle of Vartanantz (May 26, 451) is remembered by Armenians as probably the greatest battle in their history. ...
Events April 7 - The Huns sack Metz June 20 - Attila, king of the Huns is defeated at Troyes by Aëtius in the Battle of Chalons. ...
Two Achaemenid Immortal Guards The Persian Immortals were a Persian elite Imperial Guard regiment during the Persian Wars. ...
Indian war elephant, relief at Mathura, 2nd century BC War elephants were important, although not widespread, weapons in ancient military history. ...
Events December 28 - Alaric II succeeds Euric as king of the Visigoths. ...
Middle Ages
Byzantium and Bagratid Armenia In 591, the great Byzantine warrior and Emperor Maurice defeated the Persians and recovered much of the remaining territory of Armenia into the empire. The conquest was completed by the Emperor Heraclius in 629. Maurice may refer to: Maurice, Elector of Saxony, a German nobleman Maurice (emperor), a Byzantine emperor Maurice, a novel by E. M. Forster Maurice, a 1987 film based on the Forster novel Maurice River, a tributary of the Delaware River in New Jersey Saint Maurice, a legendary martyr Maurice Ravel...
Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ...
In 645, the Muslim Arab armies of the Caliphate had attacked the country, which fell before them. Armenia, which once had its own rulers and was at other times under Persian and Byzantine control, passed largely into the power of the Caliphs. The Caliphate (Arabic خلاÙØ©) is the theoretical federal government that would govern the Islamic world under Islamic law, ruled by a Caliph as head of state. ...
Nonetheless, there were still parts of Armenia held within the Empire, containing many Armenians. This population held tremendous power within the empire. The Emperor Heraclius (610-641) was of Armenian descent, as was the Emperor Philippicus (711-713). The Emperor Basil I, who took the Byzantine throne in 867, was the first of what is sometimes called the Armenian dynasty (see Macedonian Dynasty), reflecting the strong effect the Armenians had on the Eastern Roman State.[22] Indeed, while there were many different racial and linguistic groups within the Byzantine Empire, only the Armenians were able and allowed to maintain a distinct culture. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Sourb Nshan (Holy Sign of the Cross) church Haghpat (Õ€Õ¡Õ²ÕºÕ¡Õ¿ in Armenian) is a village in the Northern Lorri province of Armenia, close to the city of Alaverdi and the state border with Georgia. ...
Events January 10 - Basil II becomes Eastern Roman Emperor, see Byzantine Emperors. ...
Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...
Philippicus (FILIPICUS) coin, celebrating the victories of the emperor (VICTORIA AVGU). ...
Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Evolving as a feudal kingdom in the 9th century, the Bagratuni Dynasty led Armenia on a brief cultural, political, and economic renewal. Bagratid Armenia was eventually recognized as a sovereign kingdom by the two major powers in the region: Baghdad in 885, and Constantinople in 886. Ani, the new Armenian capital, was constructed at the Kingdom's apogee in 964.[23] The royal capital at Ani held approximately 200,000 inhabitants and a reported "1001 churches". With the construction of Ani, Armenia became a populous and prosperous nation, exerting political and economic influence over surrounding states and nations. Yet, Armenia was still a weak state, perched precariously between the rival Byzantine Empire and the Abbassid Caliphate. Its existence depended on both of these states desiring the continuation of Bagratid Armenia as a buffer state, and Armenia itself being strong enough to maintain this status.[citation needed] The Bagratuni or Bagratid royal dynasty of Armenia (Armenian: Ô²Õ¡Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ¶ÕµÕ¡Ö Ô±Ö€Ö„Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ ÕÕ¸Õ°Õ´ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm) is a royal family whose branches formerly ruled many regional polities, including Armenian lands of Syunik, Lori, Vaspurakan, Kars, Taron, and Tayk. ...
For the abbreviation or acronym ANI, please see ANI. In Etruscan mythology, Ani was the sky god, perhaps equivalent to the Roman Janus. ...
Events Nicephorus II begins campaign to recapture Cilicia. ...
Although the native dynasty of the Bagratuni Dynasty was founded under favourable circumstances, the feudal system gradually weakened the country by eroding loyalty to the central government. Thus internally enfeebled, Armenia proved an easy victim for the Byzantines, who captured Ani in 1045. The Seljuk Turks under Alp Arslan in turn took the city in 1064.[24] In 1071, after the defeat of the Byzantine forces by the Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Manzikert, the Turks captured the rest of Greater Armenia and much of Anatolia.[25] So ended Christian leadership of Armenia for the next millennium with the exception of a period of the late 12th-early 13th centuries, when the Muslim power in Greater Armenia was seriously troubled by the resurgent Georgian monarchy. Many local nobles (nakharars) joined their efforts with the Georgians, leading to liberation of several areas in northern Armenia, which was ruled, under the authority of the Georgian crown, by the Zacharids/Mkhargrdzeli, a prominent Armeno-Georgian noble family. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 456 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 570 pixel, file size: 30 KB, MIME type: image/gif) BAgratuni Armenia circa 1000 AD. File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 456 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 570 pixel, file size: 30 KB, MIME type: image/gif) BAgratuni Armenia circa 1000 AD. File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are...
(Redirected from 1000 AD) For other uses, see number 1000. ...
The Bagratuni or Bagratid royal dynasty of Armenia (Armenian: Ô²Õ¡Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ¶ÕµÕ¡Ö Ô±Ö€Ö„Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ ÕÕ¸Õ°Õ´ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm) is a royal family whose branches formerly ruled many regional polities, including Armenian lands of Syunik, Lori, Vaspurakan, Kars, Taron, and Tayk. ...
Events Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan. ...
The Seljuk coat of arms was a double headed eagle The Seljuk Turks (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; in modern Turkish Selçuklular; in Persian سلجوقيان SaljÅ«qiyÄn; in Arabic سلجوق SaljÅ«q, or السلاجقة al-SalÄjiqa) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of...
Muhammed ben Daud (1029 – December 15, 1072), the second sultan of the dynasty of Seljuk Turks, in Persia, and great-grandson of Seljuk, the founder of the dynasty. ...
Events Sunset Crater Volcano first erupts. ...
Events Byzantine Empire loses Battle of Manzikert to Turkish army under Alp Arslan. ...
Combatants Byzantine Empire Seljuk Turks Commanders Romanus IV Nikephoros Bryennios Theodore Alyates Andronikos Doukas Alp Arslan Strength ~ 30,000 ~ 70,000 Casualties About 10,000[citation needed] Unknown The Battle of Manzikert, or The Battle of Malazgirt, was fought between the Byzantine Empire and Seljuk forces led by Alp Arslan...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia -
 The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, 1199-1375. To escape death or servitude at the hands of those who had assassinated his relative, Gagik II, King of Ani, an Armenian named Roupen with some of his countrymen went into the gorges of the Taurus Mountains and then into Tarsus of Cilicia. Here the Byzantine governor of the place gave them shelter. Thus, from around 1080 to 1375, the focus of Armenian nationalism moved south, as the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, 1199-1375. ...
Image File history File links Armenianmediterian. ...
Image File history File links Armenianmediterian. ...
Seal of Gagik II as Duke of the thema of Charsianon Gagik II of Ani (Armenian: Ô³Õ¡Õ£Õ«Õ¯ Ô²) was the last Bagratuni King of Ani from 1042 to 1045. ...
For the abbreviation or acronym ANI, please see ANI. In Etruscan mythology, Ani was the sky god, perhaps equivalent to the Roman Janus. ...
Ruben I of Armenia (also Rhupen or Roupen) (1025–1095) was the Lord of Gobidar and Goromosol, and was the first to declare Cilician Armenia to be an independent nation. ...
The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, 1199-1375. ...
After the members of the first Crusade appeared in Asia Minor, the Armenians developed close ties to European Crusader States, flourished in southeastern Asia Minor until it was conquered by Muslim states. Count Baldwin, who with the rest of the Crusaders was passing through Asia Minor bound for Jerusalem, left the Crusader army and was adopted by Thoros of Edessa, a Armenian ruler of Greek Orthodox faith.[26] Hostile as they were to the Seljuks, and unfriendly to the Byzantines, the Armenians took kindly to the crusader count, and when Thoros was assassinated Baldwin was made ruler of the new crusader County of Edessa. It seems that the Armenians enjoyed the rule of Baldwin and the crusaders in general, and some number of them fought alongside the Christians of Europe. When Antioch had been taken (1097), Constantine, the son of Roupen, received from the crusaders the title of baron. The Crusader states, c. ...
Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to...
A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ...
Coronation of Bal
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