The Burnside District Council's old Chambers in 1928 (built 1869)

   

The history of Burnside, a local government area in the metropolitan area of Adelaide, South Australia spans three centuries. Burnside was inhabited by the Kaurna Indigenous people prior to European settlement, living around the creeks of the River Torrens during the winter and in the Adelaide Hills during the summer. The area was first settled in 1839 by Peter Anderson, a Scots migrant, who named it Burnside after his property's location adjacent to Second Creek (in Scots, 'Burn' means creek or stream). The village of Burnside was established shortly after, and the Burnside Council District was gazetted in 1856, separating itself from the larger East Torrens Council. Image File history File links LinkFA-star. ... Local Government Area (abbreviated LGA) is a term used in Australia (and especially by the Australian Bureau of Statistics) to refer to areas controlled by each individual Local Government. ... A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large city and its adjacent zone of influence, or of several neighboring cities or towns and adjoining areas, with one or more large cities serving as its hub or hubs. ... Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia, with a population of over 1. ... Emblems: Hairy Nosed Wombat (faunal); Leafy Seadragon (marine); Piping Shrike (bird: unofficial); Sturts Desert Pea (floral); Opal (gemstone) Motto: United for the Common Wealth Slogan or Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Const. ... Burnside is one of the more cultural cities in South Australia with a popluation of more than 3 million. ... Kaurna refers to the indigenous or aboriginal people and language of the Adelaide Plains of South Australia. ... Indigenous Australians are the first inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands, continuing their presence during European settlement. ... Categories: Australia geography stubs | Adelaide ... The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ... Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... Burnside is a small suburb that is part of the City of Burnside in the eastern suburbs of Adelaide. ...

The mainstays of the early Burnside economy were viticulture, mining and olive groves; Glen Osmond boasted substantial mineral deposits, and vineyards were established at Magill. The present council chambers were built in 1926 in Tusmore; the council became a municipality in 1935. With strong growth and development throughout the region, Burnside was then proclaimed a city in 1943. The 1960s brought to Burnside a community library and a swimming centre; both were further expanded and upgraded between 1997 and 2001. Today, Burnside is one of Adelaide's most sought-after regions in which to live.^[1] wine grapes Viticulture (from the Latin word for vine) refers to the cultivation of grapes, often for use in the production of wine. ... Glen Osmond is a small suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside located in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills. ... Magill is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Tusmore is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... A municipality or general-purpose district (compare with: special-purpose district) is an administrative local area generally composed of a clearly defined territory and commonly referring to a city, town, or village government. ...

Aboriginal culture

The Kaurna people were a hunter-gatherer society who inhabited the Adelaide Plains and surrounding regions. Among their customs was the practice of fire-stick farming (controlled bushfires) in the Adelaide Hills, which the early European settlers spotted before the Kaurna people were displaced. The main Kaurna presence was in Tarndanyangga near the River Torrens and the creeks that flowed into it, an area which became the site of the Adelaide settlement. By 1852, the population of the Kaurna was in steady decline, due largely to European diseases and displacement; at this stage, a census put their numbers at 650 in the Adelaide region. The Kaurna also resided in the Burnside area: an early settler of the village of Beaumont described the local Kaurna: "At every creek and gully you would see their wurlies [simple Aboriginal homes made out of twigs and grass] and their fires at night ... often as many as 500 to 600 would be camped in various places ... some behind the Botanic Gardens on the banks of the river; some toward the Ranges; some on the Waterfall Gully."^[2][3] In anthropology, the hunter-gatherer way of life is that led by certain societies of the Neolithic Era based on the exploitation of wild plants and animals. ... The Adelaide Plains (34°30′ S 138°30′ E) is the area in South Australia between the Mount Lofty Ranges on the east and the Gulf Saint Vincent on the west. ... Fire-stick farming is a term coined by Australian archeologist Rhys Jones in 1969 to describe the practice of Indigenous Australians where fire was used regularly to burn vegetation to facilitate hunting and to change the composition of plant and animal species in an area. ... Backburning in Townsville, Australia to prevent bushfires. ... The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ... Victoria Square is a public square located in the centre of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. ... Categories: Australia geography stubs | Adelaide ... Beaumont is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Waterfall Gully (34°57′S 138°40′E) is a small suburb of 2,285 people in the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. ...

Early villages

The Penfold's vineyard in Magill

The village of Kensington was established in May 1839, only 17 months after the foundation of the colony. The village was primarily agricultural and had a close relationship with the nearby village of Norwood. The two villages formed one of Adelaide's first municipalities in 1853 as Norwood and Kensington, evolving into today's City of Norwood Payneham St Peters. Parts of Kensington that are now included in Burnside are the suburbs of Kensington Gardens and Kensington Park. The village of Makgill (later Magill) was first established as the 524-acre (?? hectare) Makgill Estate, owned by two Scots—Robert Cock and William Ferguson—who met onboard the Buffalo en route to the newly founded colony. It was named after Cock's trustee, David M Magkgill. Ferguson, who was charged with farming the estate, built the estate's homestead in 1838. Soon after farming started, the two were short of funds, and thus Magill became the first foothills village to be subdivided.^[4][5] The village of Glen Osmond was closely associated with the discovery of silver and lead on the slopes of Mount Osmond by two Cornish immigrants. Their discovery of minerals provided the colony with valuable export income, at a time when the early South Australian economy was not yet established. Governor Gawler visited the early discovery and the first mine, Wheal Gawler, was named in his honour. South Australia's first mine exported overseas throughout the 1840s, providing employment to early Cornish and then German immigrants after several mines were bought by a German businessman. The early village assumed a strong Cornish, and later a German character.^[6][7] Kensington is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Norwood Payneham St Peters. ... The Parade in Norwood, facing east towards the Adelaide Hills Norwood (34°55′S 138°38′E) is a suburb of Adelaide, about 4 kilometres east of the Adelaide Central Business District. ... A municipality or general-purpose district (compare with: special-purpose district) is an administrative local area generally composed of a clearly defined territory and commonly referring to a city, town, or village government. ... The South Australian local government area of Norwood Payneham St Peters covers an area just east of Adelaide. ... Kensington is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside, Australia. ... Kensington Park is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Magill is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ... Glen Osmond is a small suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside located in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills. ... Mount Osmond (34°57′S 138°39′E) is a small suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside located in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills, south east of the city centre. ... See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor. ... George Gawler Lieutenant Colonel George Gawler, KH (21 July 1795–7 May 1869) was the second governor of South Australia. ... The word wheal could refer to: Look up wheal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Burnside in 1873 looking towards the hills

The Anderson family was the first to settle the land that was to become the village of Burnside. They brought with them good character testimonials from Scotland, valuable farming experience and 3000 pounds; however, the farming patterns in Scotland differed greatly from those in the antipodes, and the family failed to adapt. The Andersons moved on to Morphett Vale in 1847, selling their land and abandoning their homestead. The buyer of the Anderson land, William Randell, soon decided to build a village in his new property in 1849. He hired surveyor and planner Nathan Hailes to lay out the new village. Hailes was both surprised and disappointed when he found that it had already been settled and left—especially since the growth and adaption of European foliage to the area.^[8] The first villages to be established in the region, those of Glen Osmond, Magill and Kensington had existed for some time when the new village of Burnside was proclaimed. The new village was in a good position to grow; it was bounded by two major thoroughfares, Burnside (now Glynburn) and Greenhill roads, and had the advantage of lying on Second Creek. The village was soon invested in by many owners; some of whom were wealthy Adelaide folk building an estate in the foothills, and others who were more concerned with working the land. The village was described in advertisements by Hailes in 1850 as "Burnside the Beautiful" with advantages of "perpetual running water, extensive and diversified view, rich garden soil and good building stone ..." with a "... direct, newly-opened and unblemished route to Adelaide".^[9] The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ... BOGANPOLIS ... Glen Osmond is a small suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside located in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills. ... Magill is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Kensington is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Norwood Payneham St Peters. ... Greenhill Road near Linden Park, facing east towards the Adelaide Hills Greenhill Road near Goodwood, as part of the city ring Greenhill Road is a major road in the South Australian city of Adelaide that provides a vital transport artery for those living in the eastern and hills suburbs. ... The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ...

District councils

The World's End Hotel where the East Torrens Councillors first met

Originally, all the villages in what was to become the Burnside District Council were in the then East Torrens District Council of 159 km² (100 sq. miles). East Torrens bordered the River Torrens in the north, the Adelaide Hills to the east, Mount Barker Road to the south, and the Adelaide Parklands to the west. East Torrens was gazetted in 1853 by the District Councils Act 1852; the Act stipulated that there be five elected members to the council, each representing a ward. Dr David Wark (St Bernards), James Cobbledick (Uraidla), Charles Bonney (Norwood), Daniel Ferguson (Glenunga) and George Müller (Stepney) were the council's first representatives. Bonney, in addition to being a councillor, was the Commissioner of Crown Lands. The councillors met for the first time at World's End Hotel in Magill on June 12, 1853. Initial plans were put in place to first survey and evaluate the council area and to collect licence fees and taxes as provided for by the Council's Act. TB Penfold of Magill, a former captain, was to become the first District Clerk and Collector on January 1, 1854. On January 4, 1854 there was a vote in which ratepayers decided on how much they would pay to the council (one shilling to a pound); it was also decided at this point to exempt charitable organisations, schools and churches from rates. In 1855 the population of the council area was 3,705, higher by a thousand than the adjacent Norwood-Kensington.^[10] The huge East Torrens was not to prove as stable as Norwood-Kensington. Ratepayers were frustrated as to where their money was going; councillors did not have the administration or funds to operate effectively and the interests of the area were hugely varied. The area was split into three in August 14, 1856. The District Council of Payneham separated and formed to the north-west and the District Council of Burnside was formed in the south-eastern corner in an area of 15.9 km² (10 sq miles).^[11] East Torrens was further divided in 1858 with the secession of District Council of Crafers.^[12] Categories: Australia geography stubs | Adelaide ... The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ... The Adelaide-Crafers Highway is a freeway leading through the Adelaide Hills, linking The City of Adelaide with the South Eastern Freeway. ... The Adelaide Parklands are the parklands that surround the City of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. ... Rostrevor () is a suburb of Adelaide within the City of Campbelltown and Adelaide Hills Council. ... Uraidla Township Uraidla () is a small town in the Adelaide Hills of South Australia, Australia, with a population of 440 (1996 census). ... The Parade in Norwood, facing east towards the Adelaide Hills Norwood (34°55′S 138°38′E) is a suburb of Adelaide, about 4 kilometres east of the Adelaide Central Business District. ... Glenunga (34°57′ S 138°38′ E) is a small suburb located in the City of Burnside in Adelaide around 2 km south-east from the Adelaide city centre. ... Stepney is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Norwood Payneham St Peters. ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The South Australian local government area of Norwood Payneham St Peters covers an area just east of Adelaide. ... August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Adelaide Hills Council was established in 1997 by the amalgamation of four smaller district councils (East Torrens, Gumeracha, Onkaparinga and Stirling). ...

Lone Burnside

After shedding the burden of less profitable and unwieldy land with its angry residents, Burnside was on its own. The new Burnside District Council held its first meeting at the Greengate Inn, Tusmore on August 19, 1856. Due to the time it took to elect new councillors, it was not until 29 December that the council met again. Dr Christopher Penfold, chairman, met the rest of the representatives there: Daniel Ferguson of Glenunga, Alexander Ferguson of Monreith, John Townsend of Magill and James Grylls of Belle Vue.^[13] It was during this time that Kent Town decided against becoming a part of Burnside and instead applied to enter Norwood-Kensington. The council was to meet at the Inn or at Ferguson's home right up until December 1869, when the first council chambers were built. However, it was still able to operate and fulfill its obligations under the Local Government Act 1852. These included the management of minor roads, the administration of abattoir licences and public houses, and the prevention of the spread of the noxious Scotch thistle. The council was also obliged, under a different act of 1851, to encourage education. Much road and bridgework activity happened after the council had been formed—early residents were amazed at the influx of development and construction that occurred. At the same time, the council was almost overwhelmed by the sheer number of resident requests, and was forced to ask individual ratepayers for monetary assistance when building bridges in their area.^[14] Tusmore is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... December 29 is the 363rd day of the year (364th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 2 days remaining. ... Glenunga (34°57′ S 138°38′ E) is a small suburb located in the City of Burnside in Adelaide around 2 km south-east from the Adelaide city centre. ... Toorak Gardens is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside, Australia. ... Magill is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Beaumont is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Kent Town is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Norwood Payneham St Peters. ... The South Australian local government area of Norwood Payneham St Peters covers an area just east of Adelaide. ...

Much of Burnside's history has been observed and documented by institutions that have remained an important part of the lives of its residents: the school and the church.^[15] The first school to open in the area was in Magill during 1846, preceding a proper statewide education system. Magill Primary School was enlarged in November 1855, when 38 boys and 29 girls enrolled; they were taught reading, writing, arithmetic, grammar, geography, history, drawing and singing by a sole teacher. By 1865 there were two teachers.^[16] Glen Osmond Primary School was established in October 1858, preceding the Glen Osmond Institute, a centre for community debate and learning.^[17] Burnside Primary School was built in 1872, taking over from a small private institution.^[18] These primary schools, in the absence of proper libraries and similar institutions, received large collections of books and writings from the town's residents. Residents also took advantage of schools for frequent and heated debates on the future of the state and region, and these discussions often drew large crowds. However, even with this intellectual spirit, the adult population was still relatively disadvantaged in the sphere of education. The drive for learning continued until the Boer War placed more emphasis on physical activity and merit within society. Somewhat strangely, this development of learned activity was not replicated in Burnside's traditional centre near Tusmore, where the present Council Chambers, Community Centre and Library are located.^[19] Magill Primary School is a comprehensive public school that caters for students from Reception to Year 7. ... There were two Boer Wars: the First Boer War (1880-1881) the Second Boer War (1899-1902). ...

Glen Osmond Primary School in Fullarton. The school building stands today

By 1871 Burnside had grown significantly; it was now a mix of villages supporting a modest population of 1,557. By comparison, Kensington-Norwood, though smaller in area, had grown to 5,132 persons. Glen Osmond, still affected by its immense growth following the expansion of mining, was the largest single population centre with 343 residents.^[20] The District Council had also constructed its first council chambers in December 1869, finally concluding the haphazard meeting agreement. Two villages, Beulah Park (North Kensington) and Eastwood experienced booms in population growth and development between 1870 and 1880, providing both housing to new immigrants and investments for the wealthy Adelaide Establishment.^[21] Parkside Hospital (now Glenside), a mental health asylum was constructed in 1866 to replace a crowded building in the Parklands. Built on beautifully tended grounds and with an elaborate façade, it was an early Burnside architectural monument.^[22] In 1881 Thomas Cooper started brewing South Australia's first branded beer, 'Coopers', at Leabrook.^[23] During this era, Stonyfell saw economic expansion as well; its large quarry changed hands in 1867 and the Stonyfell Olive Co was founded in 1873.^[24] The late 19th century was a significant time of development in Burnside. This development, however, was brought to an abrupt end in the last decade, the 1890s, when depression stuck the economies of Australasia after decades of reckless expansion, hitting Burnside hard. Fullarton is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Unley. ... Glen Osmond is a small suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside located in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills. ... Beulah Park is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Eastwood is the most kick-ass suburb in all adelaide, maybe even the world. ... Glenside is a small suburb located in the City of Burnside in Adelaide around 2 km south-east from the Adelaide city centre. ... The Adelaide Parklands are the parklands that surround the City of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. ... Coopers Brewery is an Australian company, publicly owned but not listed with a stock exchange. ... Leabrook is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Stonyfell is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ...

New era

The Burnside District Council's new Chambers in Tusmore

By the turn of the century, Burnside was becoming more urbanised. Paddocks were still scattered throughout the area but the villages were steadily growing. Toorak Gardens, Dulwich and other near-city villages were gazetted and made open to settlements and advertised now as suburbs, moving on from earlier times.^[25] By 1920, the District Council had a population of 17,000, living in 4,000 houses. Ten per cent of the £60,000 budget consisted of commercial enterprise payments, while the rest was made up of ratepayer fees.^[26] The South Australian Government had enacted more laws in relation to local government, in particular, the Town Planning Act 1920 and the Building Act 1923. These assigned more responsibility to councils, but at a time of necessity; Adelaide was gradually expanding. Burnside councillors advised the State Government to acquire and manage pleasure resorts; a kiosk was opened at Waterfall Gully and the Morialta Conservation Park established on this advice. Burnside was treated with high regard by Adelaide newspapers in response to its elaborate greening and tree planting schemes. "Beautiful Burnside: Picturesque Streets" was the headline of The Chronicle on March 24, 1928. The council was preserving old trees and planting approximately 500 a year. A Burnside councillor, HES Melbourne, was adored in this period; Melbourne spent his own money acquiring reserves and land for residents due to a lack of funds during the Great Depression. He presided over lean but reasonable budgets and oversaw the planting of trees and foliage to beautify the city. Gordan Allen, a local resident, described Melbourne: "No Council ever had a better man."^[27] Melbourne also oversaw the building of the Mount Osmond golf course, but his vision of constructing a Country Club was never realised. Tusmore is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Toorak Gardens is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside, Australia. ... Dulwich is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... The form of the Government of South Australia is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then. ... Urban sprawl (also: suburban sprawl) is a term for the rapid and expansive growth of a greater metropolitan area, traditionally suburbs (or exurbs) over a large area. ... Waterfall Gully (34°57′S 138°40′E) is a small suburb of 2,285 people in the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. ... Morialta Conservation Park is a public reserve 10 km northeast of Adelaide, in the state of South Australia, Australia. ... March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in Leap years). ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn, starting in 1929 (although it effects were not fully felt until late in 1930) and lasting through most of the 1930s. ... This article is about the sport of golf. ... A country club is a private club that offers a variety of recreational sports facilities to its members. ...

A Memorial Obelisk to Burnside's fallen in World War I, located in Hazelwood Park

Development restrictions preceding the Hills Face Zone were established in the 1920s; the Council was obligated to adhere to strict guidelines.^[28] 1928 saw the building of grand new Council Chambers at the corner of Greenhill and Portrush Roads; they are still in use today.^[29] Floods devastated Waterfall Gully in 1931. Burnside continued to grow; in 1935 the District Council of Burnside became the Municipality of Burnside. By 1941, only 401 acres remained under cultivation. Bushfires in the 1940s caused considerable damage to the hills, particularly as the war effort had diverted supplies and personnel from the Country Fire Service. In 1945, much of the area that forms today's Cleland Conservation Park was purchased by the State Government, in large part because of the lobbying efforts of Professor Sir John Cleland. Most of this land, including the Waterfall Gully area, was later combined in 1963 to create the park that extends eastwards up into the hills to the summit of Mount Lofty and northwards to Greenhill Road.^[30] During 1943, the Municipality of Burnside was proclaimed the City of Burnside.^[31] Hazelwood is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... The Hills Face Zone is a large planning zone in Adelaide, South Australia. ... Greenhill Road near Linden Park, facing east towards the Adelaide Hills Greenhill Road near Goodwood, as part of the city ring Greenhill Road is a major road in the South Australian city of Adelaide that provides a vital transport artery for those living in the eastern and hills suburbs. ... Portrush Road is a major bypass route in Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. ... Waterfall Gully (34°57′S 138°40′E) is a small suburb of 2,285 people in the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. ... Backburning in Townsville, Australia to prevent bushfires. ... Grass fire at Willunga. ... Cleland Conservation Park (34°57′ S 138°41′ E) is a National Park in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia. ... Sir John Burton Cleland (1878-1971) was a renowned Australian naturalist, and the Cleland Conservation Park and J.B. Cleland kindergarten are named after him. ... Mount Lofty Summit Looking towards Mount Lofty Summit, with Mount Lofty Hotel in the foreground and Gulf St. ...

Many of Burnside's sons fought in World Wars I and II; on their return they were honoured with memorials, and in particular, the name of Burnside's first community hospital. The Burnside War Memorial Hospital was opened on April 1949 in Toorak Gardens, built in a house donated by a local resident, Otto van Reiben. The present name was adopted in 1956.^[32][33] Memorials to the fallen can be found all over Burnside; in Hazelwood Park opposite the swimming centre, at schools and churches, in reserves. Like much of Australia, Burnside held true to the phrase "Lest We Forget", which is emblazoned on many of the community-erected memorials. In Rose Park on Alexandra Avenue, there is a large monument and statue of an Australian Imperial Force soldier with its plaque stating: "In Memory of the Fallen: World War II, Korea, Vietnam".^[34][35] Upon their arrival home the servicemen formed several Returned Services League clubs in the City of Burnside.
Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead: 5 million Military dead: 4 million The First World War, also known as The Great War, The War to End All Wars, and World War I (abbreviated WWI) was... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union United States United Kingdom France and others Axis Powers: Germany Japan Italy and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II, also known as the... The hospital from Kensington Road. ... Toorak Gardens is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside, Australia. ... The phrase Lest We Forget was popularised in 1887, by Rudyard Kipling; it formed the refrain of his poem Recessional, a warning about the perils of hubris and the inevitable decline of imperial power. ... Rose Park is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) was the name given to two all-volunteer Australian Army forces dispatched to fight overseas during World War I and World War II. Following the Federation of Australia in 1901, Australia had a very small regular army and reservists in the Australian Citizens Military Forces... Combatants Western Allied/UN combatants: South Korea, United States, United Kingdom Communist combatants: North Korea, Peoples Republic of China, Soviet Union Commanders Douglas MacArthur Kim Il-sung, (Peng Dehuai de facto) Strength Note: All figures may vary according to source. ... The Returned and Services League of Australia (often abbreviated to RSL) is a support organisation for men and women who have served or are serving in the Australian Defence Force. ...

Centennial

Burnside celebrates Australia's jubilee in 1951.

When Australia celebrated the Golden Jubilee of the Federation of Australia in 1951, Burnside residents joined in the celebrations, and in 1956 commemorated the centennial of their own town. A post-war economic and baby boom under the Playford Government saw Burnside grow at a spectacular rate; from a population of 27,942 in 1947, it grew to 38,768 in 1961.^[36] As suburbs devoured the remaining paddocks, 1953 saw the building of a public ballroom, 1965 saw an Olympic Grandstand; both in Kensington Park. In 1963 the Cleland Conservation Park was founded on Burnside's eastern borders.^[37] A Golden Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 50th anniversary of a monarchs reign. ... The federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed a federation. ... A centennial is a 100-year anniversary of an event, or the celebrations pertaining thereto. ... Sir Thomas Playford KCMG (July 5, 1896 – 16 June 1981) served as Premier of South Australia from November 5, 1938 to March 10, 1965, which at 26 years and 125 days, remains a British Commonwealth record for the longest time someone has served as a democratically elected national or regional... Illustration of the backyards of a surburban neighbourhood Suburbs are inhabited districts located either on the outer rim of a city or outside the official limits of a city (the term varies from country to country), or the outer elements of a conurbation. ... Kensington Park is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ...

Burnside's road system was completely bitumenised during the 1960s and 1970s through government-sponsored roadworks programmes. Plans were also laid out to replace the windy and dangerous Mount Barker Road. One of these proposals was the Burnside-Crafers Highway, which was strongly supported by council; it envisaged leaving Greenhill Road once reaching Hazelwood Park. It was then to pass through Hazelwood Park and Beaumont, wind around the hills of Waterfall Gully and then go over Eagle on the Hill to meet Crafers. The Burnside Council put much effort into this proposal, widening Linden Avenue (which runs north-west to south-east) in preparation for the highway. The proposal was eventually rejected in favour of upgrading Mount Barker Road and Linden Avenue remained a huge out-of-place road running through an otherwise peaceful suburb.^[38] The Adelaide-Crafers Highway is a freeway leading through the Adelaide Hills, linking The City of Adelaide with the South Eastern Freeway. ... Greenhill Road near Linden Park, facing east towards the Adelaide Hills Greenhill Road near Goodwood, as part of the city ring Greenhill Road is a major road in the South Australian city of Adelaide that provides a vital transport artery for those living in the eastern and hills suburbs. ... Beaumont is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Waterfall Gully (34°57′S 138°40′E) is a small suburb of 2,285 people in the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. ... The now-closed Eagle on the Hill Hotel Eagle on the Hill is a suburb of Adelaide in the Adelaide Foothills. ... Crafers (34°59′S 138°42′E) is a small suburb just outside of Adelaide, South Australia, near the summit of Mount Lofty. ...

The swimming centre in Hazelwood Park today

Burnside gained a public library with a collection of 7,800 books in 1961 after it was first suggested in February 1959; the cost of establishing a library for the residents was more affordable since the Libraries Act 1955 had been passed. The Burnside Swimming Centre opened in 1966; the swimming centre was a pet project of then-Mayor George Bolton, who had a grand vision of what he wanted Hazelwood Park, where the centre was to be located, to become. Bolton met unprecedented public opposition in 1964 when the idea was first unveiled. The substantial elderly population of Burnside (15%) was wholly opposed to the idea, suggesting the influx of troublemakers and noise was hardly worth the effort. The cost was estimated at £75,000. While architects were resigning over the scale of the proposed development and a number of residents were up in arms, the Adelaide newspapers had a ball; cartoonists throughout 1964 spent many of their daily cartoons covering the debacle. With the failure of a poll to decide the fate of the idea on March 24 the Sunday Mail published the headline "Burnside Says NO to Swim Pool". Mayor Bolton was not dismayed by the result; he pushed ahead with his idea and announced new plans in December. After a strong public campaign and minor changes to the project a poll in February 1965 voted strongly in favour of the idea. The Mayor had won his battle and it was christened the George Bolton Swimming Centre in his honour upon opening.^[39] March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in Leap years). ... The Advertiser is the only local daily newspaper published in Adelaide, South Australia. ...

The Burnside Council decided on an ambitious goal in 1967: for every 1,000 in population, five hectares of reserves were to be set aside. Setting out to achieve this the council purchased Hazelwood Park from the State Government, the Beaumont Common from its residents and parts of Mount Osmond were attained from the Highways Department. Before coming into the ownership of the council, Hazelwood Park was destined to be subdivided under a government initiative. When council heard of this, motions were put into place to take ownership and the deed was transferred in 1964. The council only managed this after discussions were held with Premier Playford himself.^[40]

Modernity

Burnside's current logo, adopted in 1993

A community centre was built alongside the council chambers in 1982, adjoining the library. The entire council complex was upgraded first in 1996, together with an upgrade of the Burnside Swimming Centre. Further upgrades took place in 2001, resulting in a modern library and community centre for residents. Burnside developed a new council logo in 1993, utilising the colours of green and purple. Green represents the lush parks and reserves in Burnside, and purple represents the prominent Jacaranda trees. The adjacent suburbs of Skye and Auldana were merged into Burnside in 1999. Formerly part of the Adelaide Hills Council they had a lengthy association with Burnside dating back to the days of East Torrens. Coopers Brewery moved out of Leabrook in 2001, relocating to Regency Park, their former premises converted into a retirement village.^[41] Species about 50, including: Jacaranda acutifolia Jacaranda arborea Jacaranda caerulea Jacaranda caroba Jacaranda caucana Jacaranda copaia Jacaranda glabra Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda obtusifolia Jacaranda praetermissa Jacaranda sparrei Jacaranda is a neotropical genus in the family Bignoniaceae. ... Skye is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Auldana is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside, Australia. ... Adelaide Hills Council was established in 1997 by the amalgamation of four smaller district councils (East Torrens, Gumeracha, Onkaparinga and Stirling). ... Coopers Brewery is an Australian company, publicly owned but not listed with a stock exchange. ... Leabrook is a suburb of Adelaide in the City of Burnside. ... Regency Park is an north-western suburb of Adelaide 8km from the CBD, in the state of South Australia, Australia and falls under the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. ... A retirement home is a place of residence intended for the elderly. ...

Burnside will have to adapt to deal with an ageing population; the largest age group in the area is that of the 35-49 group, who will soon retire. Already 23.7% of the population is over 60 and more people die every year than are born. Almost all population growth is from inter-Adelaide as well as overseas migration. A portion of the population emigrates to other Australian states and cities. Consistent since the 1960s, there is a huge gap in the 18-25 year old group which is unlikely to change.^[42][43] In demographics population ageing occurs when the average age of a regions population gets older. ...

References

Looking over Burnside from Greenhill Reserve in the Adelaide Hills. The Adelaide Central Business District is located to the left of centre.

• Bromell, W. & Hannan, F.P: Mines in Burnside - Their Historical Significance, published 1981
• Coleman, D (editor): The First Hundred Years - A History of Burnside in SA, published 1956
• Cox, A. Bertram: Fairways on the Mount - A History of the Mount Osmond Golf Club, published 1977
• Warburton, E: The Paddocks Beneath - A History of Burnside from the Beginning, published 1981

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x308, 169 KB) Summary The South Australian capital city, Adelaide. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x308, 169 KB) Summary The South Australian capital city, Adelaide. ... Burnside is one of the more cultural cities in South Australia with a popluation of more than 3 million. ... Greenhill is a small suburb of Adelaide located in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills. ... The Adelaide Hills is part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. ... City of Adelaide may mean: Adelaide, a city in Australia City of Adelaide (1864), a clipper ship This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

Notes