The History of Idaho is an examination of the human history and social activity within the state of Idaho, a geographical area in the Pacific Northwest (PNW, or PacNW) area on or near the west coast of United States and Canada. Other associated areas include southern Alaska, all of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, western Montana and northern California and Nevada. Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... Title page to Historians History Of The World. ... Young people interacting within an ethnically diverse society. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Pacific Northwest from space This page is about the region that includes parts of Canada and the United States. ... Official language(s) none Capital Juneau Largest city Anchorage Area  Ranked 1st  - Total 663,267 sq mi (1,717,855 km²)  - Width 808 miles (1,300 km)  - Length 1,479 miles (2,380 km)  - % water 13. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo - Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 36 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area Ranked 4th - Total 944,735 km... Official language(s) English Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Area  Ranked 18th  - Total 71,342 sq mi (184,827 km²)  - Width 240 miles (385 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 6. ... Official language(s) (none)[1] Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 2. ... Official language(s) English Capital Helena Largest city Billings Area  Ranked 4th  - Total 147,165 sq mi (381,156 km²)  - Width 255 miles (410 km)  - Length 630 miles (1,015 km)  - % water 1  - Latitude 44°26N to 49°N  - Longitude 104°2W to 116°2W Population  Ranked... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... there is a jungle in nevada by the park This article is about the U. S. state of Nevada. ...

Humans may have been present in the Idaho area as long as 14,500 years. Excavations at Wilson Butte Cave near Twin Falls in 1959 revealed evidence of human activity, including arrowheads, that rank among the oldest dated artifacts in North America. ^[1] Native American tribes predominant in the area included the Nez Perce and the Coeur d'Alene in the north; as well as Northern and Western Shoshone and Bannock peoples in the south. Wilson Butte Cave is located on the Snake River plain near Twin Falls in Jerome County, Idaho. ... Motto: People Serving People Nickname: {{{nickname}}} Map Political Statistics Founded 1904 Incorporated 1904 Twin Falls County Mayor Lance W. Clow Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 31. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Native Americans are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska. ... The Nez Perce (pronounced ) are a tribe of Native Americans who live in the Pacific Northwest region (Columbia River Plateau) of the United States. ... Tribal flag The Coeur dAlene are a First Nations/Native American people who lived in villages along the Coeur dAlene, St. ... Shoshone around their tipi, probably taken around 1890 Shoshone Indians at Ft. ... The Bannock are a Native American people who traditionally lived in the northern Great Basin in what is now southeastern Oregon and western Idaho. ...

For Editors Unfamiliar with Idaho History

Idaho Historical Society Reference Series

• Idaho Before Statehood ^[2]
• Idaho Since Statehood, 1890-1965 ^[3]

European exploration

Idaho was the last of the 50 states explored by people of European descent. The Lewis and Clark expedition entered present-day Idaho on August 12, 1805, at Lemhi Pass. The first expedition to enter southern Idaho is believed to be a group led by Wilson Price Hunt, which navigated the Snake River while attempting to blaze an all-water trail westward from St. Louis, Missouri, to Astoria, Oregon, in 1811 and 1812. At that time, approximately 8,000 Native Americans lived in the region. The Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1806) was the first American overland expedition to the Pacific coast and back. ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Lewis and Clark entered present day Idaho on August 12, 1805 through the Lemhi Pass, which was later designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960. ... For other uses, see Snake River (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Astoria Column Suomi Hall, the meeting hall of Finnish and Scandinavian immigrants, under the Astoria-Megler Bridge Woman walking her dog along the Columbia River in Astoria The city of Astoria is the county seat of Clatsop County, Oregon, United States. ... 1811 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting...

Fur trading and missionary work attracted the first settlers to the region. In 1809, Kullyspell House, the first white-owned establishment and first trading post in Idaho, was constructed. In 1836, Henry H. Spalding established a mission near Lapwai, where he printed the Northwest's first book, established Idaho's first school, developed its first irrigation system, and grew the state's first potatoes. Narcissa Whitman and Eliza Hart Spalding were the first non-native women to enter present-day Idaho. Cataldo Mission, the oldest standing building in Idaho, was constructed at Cataldo by the Coeur d'Alene and Catholic missionaries between 1848 and 1853. The fur trade was a huge part in the early economic development of North America. ... A missionary is traditionally defined as a propagator of religion who works to convert those outside that community; someone who proselytizes. ... Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Trading post established in 1809 on Lake Pend dOrielle. ... Year 1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Henry Harmon Spalding (1803 - 1874), and his wife Eliza Hart Spalding were prominent Presbyterian missionaries and educators working primarily with the Nez Perce in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. ... Lapwai is a city located in Nez Perce County, Idaho. ... Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil. ... Binomial name Solanum tuberosum L. The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a perennial plant of the Solanaceae, or nightshade, family, commonly grown for its starchy tuber. ... Narcissa Whitman (March 14, 1808 – November 29, 1847), born Narcissa Prentiss in Prattsburgh, New York in the Genesee Valley. ... Henry Harmon Spalding (1803 - 1874), and his wife Eliza Hart Spalding were prominant Presbyterian missionaries and educators working primarily with the Nez Perce in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. ... The Coeur dAlene are a First Nations/Native American people who lived in villages along the Coeur dAlene, St. ... Roman Catholic missionaries traveled through the New World in hopes of many saved and convert souls. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

During this time, the Idaho region was part of an unorganized territory known as Oregon Country, claimed by both the United States and Great Britain. The United States gained undisputed jurisdiction over the region in the Oregon Treaty of 1846. The original boundaries of Oregon Territory in 1848 included all three of the present-day Pacific Northwest states and extended eastward to the Continental Divide. In 1853, areas north of the 46th Parallel became Washington Territory, splitting what is now Idaho in two. The future state was reunited in 1859 after Oregon became a state and the boundaries of Washington Territory were redrawn. Landscape in Oregon Country, by Charles Marion Russell Map of Oregon Country Oregon Country was a region of western North America that originally consisted of the land north of 42°N latitude, south of 54°40N latitude, and west of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. ... Map of the lands in dispute The Treaty with Great Britain, in Regard to Limits Westward of the Rocky Mountains, also known as the Oregon Treaty or Treaty of Washington, is a bilateral treaty between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the United States that was signed... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Oregon Territory is the name applied both to the unorganized Oregon Country claimed by both the United States and Britain, as well as to the organized U.S. territory formed from it that existed between 1848 and 1859. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... A continental divide is a line of elevated terrain which forms a border between two watersheds such that water falling on one side of the line eventually travels to one ocean or body of water, and water on the other side travels to another, generally on the opposite side of... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Categories: Historical stubs | Washington history | U.S. historical regions and territories ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Official language(s) (none)[1] Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 2. ...

While thousands passed through Idaho on the Oregon Trail or during the California gold rush of 1849, few people settled there. In 1860 the first of several gold rushes in Idaho began at Pierce in present-day Clearwater County. By 1862, settlements in both the north and south had formed around the mining boom. The Ox Team or the Old Oregon Trail 1852-1906 by Ezra Meeker. ... The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... A California Gold Rush handbill A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers into the area of a dramatic discovery of commercial quantities of gold. ... Pierce is a city located in Clearwater County, Idaho. ... Clearwater County is a county located in the state of Idaho. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Settlement

Mormon Settlement

The first organized town in Idaho was Franklin, settled in April 1860 by Mormon pioneers who believed they were in Utah Territory; although a later survey determined they had in fact crossed the border.^[4] Mormon pioneers would go on to settle the majority of Southeastern Idaho, reaching the area near the current day Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming. This area of Idaho is predominantly LDS, and many church leaders have come from this area. Mormons settled in other areas of Idaho as well, but never with the same numbers as in the Southeast region of the state.^{[citation needed]} Franklin is a city located in Franklin County, Idaho. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... The Utah Territory was an organized territory of the United States that existed between 1850 and 1896. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park located in western Wyoming, south of Yellowstone National Park. ... Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area  Ranked 10th  - Total 97,818 sq mi (253,348 km²)  - Width 280 miles (450 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 0. ... The Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the largest attraction in the citys Temple Square. ... Eastern Idaho is a generic term used to describe areas of Idaho which lie east of the Magic Valley region. ...

Further information: List of people from Idaho

IDAHO A list of notable people who were either born in Idaho or lived there for a substantial amount of time. ...

Irish American

Irish people emigrated to North America after the Potato Famine and some migrated west searching for land for agriculture. Many ended up in Montana and Southern Idaho. Because the Catholic church already had a presence in the state, many Irish Catholics settled in Boise and Great Falls, Montana. ===African American=== There is a significant African American population made up of those who came west after the abolition of slavery. Many settled near Pocatello and were ranchers, entertainers, and farmers. Although free, many Blacks suffered discrimination in the early to mid-late 20th century. The Black population of the state continues to grow as many come to the state because of educational opportunities, to serve in the military, and for other employment opportunities. There is a Black History Museum in Boise Idaho with an exhibit known as the "Invisible Idahoan", which chronicles the first African-Americans in the state. Blacks are the fourth largest ethnic group in Idaho according to the 2000 census. Mountain Home, Boise, and Garden City have decent African-American populations. Irish population density in the United States, 1872. ... The Irish are a European ethnic group who originated in Ireland, in north western Europe. ... A memorial statue in Hanko, Finland, commemorating the thousands of emigrants who left the country to start a new life in the United States Emigration is the act of nolan muir the phenomenon of leaving ones native country to settle abroad. ... Potato famine may mean or refer to: The Irish Potato Famine (1845–1849) The Highland Potato Famine (1846 - 1857) The potato famines of the mid 19th century arose from an infestation of potato blight, Phytophthora infestans, which spread across Europe in the 1840s. ... Great Falls, Montana the Electric City at dusk Great Falls is a city located in Cascade County, Montana, United States. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Amendment XIII in the National Archives The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished, and continues to prohibit, slavery, and, with limited exceptions, those convicted of a crime, prohibits involuntary servitude. ... Historic downtown Pocatello Pocatello is a city located in Bannock County, with a small portion in neighboring Power County, in southeastern Idaho. ... View of the Grant-Kohrs Ranch A ranch is an area of landscape, including various structures, given primarily to the practice of ranching, the practice of raising grazing livestock such as cattle or sheep for meat or wool. ... Because racism carries connotations of race-based bigotry, prejudice, violence, oppression, stereotyping or discrimination, the term has varying and often hotly contested definitions. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... Mountain Home may be: Mountain Home, Idaho Mountain Home Air Force Base Mountain Home, Arkansas This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article deals with the state capital of Idaho. ... Garden City is the name of several places around the world. ...

Basque

The Basque people from the Iberian peninsula in Spain and southern France were traditionally shepherds in Europe. They came to Idaho, offering hard work and perseverance, in exchange for opportunity.^[5] One of the largest Basque communities in the US is in Boise ^[6], with a Basque museum ^[7] and festival held annually in the city. Languages Basque - few monoglots Spanish - 1,525,000 monoglots French - 150,000 monoglots Basque-Spanish - 600,000 speakers Basque-French - 76,000 speakers [4] other native languages Religions Traditionally Roman Catholic The Basques (Basque: Euskaldunak) are an indigenous people[5] who inhabit parts of northwestern Spain and southwestern France. ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. ... Shepherd in Făgăraş Mountains, Romania. ...

Chinese & African Settlement

Chinese Americans in the mid 1800's came to America through San Fransisco to work on the railroad and open businesses. They suffered discrimination due to the Anti-Chinese League in the 1800's which sought to limit the rights and opportunities of Chinese emmigrants.^[8] Today Asians are third in population demographically after Whites and Hispanics. York was the first African-American in Idaho and he was a helper of Lewis and Clarke. In the late 1800's many African Americans came to Idaho to help as ranch hands and also were entertainers. Many whites were ex-slave owners in the South so when Blacks came our many were discriminated against. Today due to economic growth and openess, many successful African Americans have moved to the cities of Boise and Mountain Home. Mountain Home AFB has brought many African Americans to the state, and the town mayor is the first African American mayor in the state. In Boise due to the high technology market, many education Blacks call Northern Boise home. Boise State University has made efforts to diversify to make it a better learning environment and thanks to African Americans, the college has become one of the nation's powerhouses in sports and growing diversity. There is a Black History Museum in Boise and there is an exhibition known as the "Invisible Idahoan" which chronicles the lives of the early Black farmers and ranchers. NAACP has a Boise chapter A Chinese American is an American who is of ethnic Chinese descent. ... The downtown San Francisco skyline, looking east from the central part of the city. ... French 1912 drawing of typical elements of railways Railway tracks running through a railway station in North East England, UK A railway yard in Portland, Oregon. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article deals with the state capital of Idaho. ... Mountain Home may be: Mountain Home, Idaho Mountain Home Air Force Base Mountain Home, Arkansas This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Mountain Home Air Force Base (Mountain Home AFB) is a base of the United States Air Force located near Mountain Home, Idaho in Elmore County, about 60 miles (100 km) southeast of Boise. ... This article deals with the state capital of Idaho. ... Boise State University is a state university located near downtown Boise, the capital city of the U.S. state of Idaho. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), is one of the oldest and most influential hate organizations in the United States. ...

Idaho Territory

See also main article: Idaho Territory Categories: US geography stubs | U.S. historical regions and territories | Idaho history | Montana history | Wyoming history ...

Seal of Idaho Territory 1863-1866

Seal of Idaho Territory 1866-1890

On March 4, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act creating Idaho Territory^[9] from portions of Washington Territory and Dakota Territory with its capital at Lewiston. The original Idaho Territory included most of the areas that later became the states of Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, and had a population of under 17,000. Idaho Territory assumed the boundaries of the modern state in 1868 and was admitted as a state in 1890. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ... Categories: US geography stubs | U.S. historical regions and territories | Idaho history | Montana history | Wyoming history ... Categories: Historical stubs | Washington history | U.S. historical regions and territories ... Dakota Territory was the name of the northernmost part of the Louisiana Purchase of the United States. ... Lewiston is the county seat and largest city in Nez Perce County, Idaho. ... Official language(s) English Capital Helena Largest city Billings Area  Ranked 4th  - Total 147,165 sq mi (381,156 km²)  - Width 255 miles (410 km)  - Length 630 miles (1,015 km)  - % water 1  - Latitude 44°26N to 49°N  - Longitude 104°2W to 116°2W Population  Ranked... Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area  Ranked 10th  - Total 97,818 sq mi (253,348 km²)  - Width 280 miles (450 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 0. ... Media:Example. ...

Statehood

When President Benjamin Harrison signed the law admitting Idaho as a U.S. state on July 3, 1890, the population was 88,548. George L. Shoup became the state's first governor, but resigned after only a few weeks in office to take a seat in the United States Senate. Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901) was the 23rd President of the United States, serving one term from 1889 to 1893. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties/Parishes/Boroughs, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... George Laird Shoup (NSHC statue) George Laird Shoup (June 24, 1836 – December 21, 1904) was an American politician. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Politics Portal      The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the bicameral United States Congress, the...

Miners' uprisings

During its first years of statehood, Idaho was plagued by labor unrest in the mining district of Coeur d'Alene. In 1892, miners called a strike which developed into a shooting war between union miners and company guards. Each side accused the other of starting the fight. The first shots were exchanged at the Frisco mine in Frisco, in the Burke-Canyon north and east of Wallace. The Frisco mine was blown up, and company guards were taken prisoner. The violence soon spilled over into the nearby community of Gem, where union miners attempted to locate a Pinkerton spy who had infiltrated their union and was passing information to the mine operators. But agent Charlie Siringo escaped by cutting a hole in the floor of his room. Strikers forced the Gem mine to close, then travelled west to the Bunker Hill mining complex near Wardner, and closed down that facility as well. On July 11, 1892 miners in Coeur dAlene, Idaho commandeered trains, fired on scabs, and threatened to blow up nonunion equipment. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Wallace is a city located in Shoshone County, Idaho. ... Pinkerton guards escort strikebreakers in Buchtel, Ohio, 1884 The Pinkerton National Detective Agency was a private U.S. security guard and detective agency established by Allan Pinkerton in 1850. ... Charlie Siringo (February 7th, 1855-October 18th, 1928) was an author, lawman, and famous detective and agent for the Pinkerton National Detective Agency during the late 19th century and early 20th century. ... Wardner is a city located in Shoshone County, Idaho. ...

Several had been killed in the Burke-Canyon fighting. The Idaho National Guard and federal troops were dispatched to the area, and union miners and sympathizers were thrown into bullpens. Seal of the National Guard Bureau Seal of the Army National Guard Seal of the Air National Guard Seal of the National Guard Missile Defense The United States National Guard is a component of the United States Army (the Army National Guard) and the United States Air Force (the Air... While the game goes on, a relief pitcher warms up in the bullpen, beyond the outfield fence In baseball, the bullpen is the area where pitchers warm-up before entering a game. ...

Hostilities would erupt at the Bunker Hill facility once again in 1899, when seventeen union miners were fired for having joined the union. Other union miners were likewise ordered to draw their pay and leave. Angry members of the union converged on the area and blew up the Bunker Hill Mill, killing two company men.

In both disputes, the union's complaints included pay, hours of work, the right of miners to belong to the union, and the mine owners' use of informants and undercover agents. The violence committed by union miners was answered with a brutal response in 1892 and in 1899. Labor spies may be referred to as spies, operatives, agents, agents provocateurs, saboteurs, infiltrators, informants, spotters, special police, or detectives. ...

Through the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) union, the battles in the mining district became closely tied to a major miners' strike in Colorado. The struggle culminated in the December 1905 assassination of former Governor Frank Steunenberg by Harry Orchard (also known as Albert Horsley), a member of the WFM. Orchard was allegedly incensed by Steunenberg's efforts as governor to break an 1899 strike after being elected on a pro-labor platform. Western Federation of Miners famous flyer entitled Is Colorado in America? The Western Federation of Miners (WFM) was a radical labor union that gained a reputation for militancy in the mine fields of the western United States. ... Colorados most significant battles between labor and capital occurred primarily between miners and mine operators. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Frank Steunenberg (August 8, 1861–December 30, 1905) was the governor of the U.S. state of Idaho from 1897 until 1901. ... Harry Orchard was born Albert Horsley in 1867 in Ontario, Canada. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Pinkerton detective James McParland conducted the investigation into the assassination. In 1907, WFM Secretary Treasurer "Big Bill" Haywood and two other WFM leaders were tried on a charge of conspiracy to murder Steunenberg, with Orchard testifying against them as part of a deal made with McParland. The nationally publicized trial featured Senator William E. Borah as prosecuting attorney and Clarence Darrow representing the defendants. The defense team presented evidence that Orchard had been a Pinkerton agent and had acted as a paid informant for the Cripple Creek Mine Owners' Association. Darrow argued that Orchard's real motive in the assassination had been revenge for a declaration of martial law by Steunenberg, which prompted Orchard to gamble away a share in the Hercules mine that would otherwise have made him wealthy. James McParland[1] was a Pinkerton agent. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... William Dudley Big Bill Haywood (February 4, 1869–May 18, 1928) was a prominent figure in American radical unionism as a leader in the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) and later as a founding member of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). ... William E. Borah William Edgar Borah (June 29, 1865–January 19, 1940) was an American politician and longtime United States Senator from Idaho noted for his oratorical skills and isolationist views. ... Clarence Seward Darrow (April 18, 1857 Kinsman Township, Trumbull County, Ohio - March 13, 1938 Chicago) was an American lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, best known for defending teenaged thrill killers Leopold and Loeb in their trial for murdering 14-year-old Bobby Franks (1924) and... Colorados most significant battles between labor and capital occurred primarily between miners and mine operators. ... A Mine Owners Association, also sometimes referred to as a Mine Operators Association or a Mine Owners Protective Association, is the combination of individual mining companies, or groups of mining companies, into an association, established for the purpose of promoting the collective interests of the group. ... The Hercules Mine was one of the richest silver mines in the Coeur dAlene Mountains in Idaho. ...

Two of the WFM leaders were acquitted in two separate trials, and the third was released. Orchard was convicted and sentenced to death. His sentence was commuted, and he spent the rest of his life in an Idaho prison.

Progressive policies

Idaho proved to be one of the more receptive states to the progressive agenda of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The state embraced progressive policies such as women's suffrage (1896) and prohibition (1916) before they became federal law. Idahoans were also strongly supportive of Free Silver. The pro-bimetallism Populist and Silver Republican Parties of the late 1890s were particularly successful in the state. In the United States the term progressivism refers to two political movements: first, the original political progressive movement towards social and economic reform of the late 1800s and early 1900s; and second, the continuation of this movement/ideology in the form of modern progressivism which sees itself as a reform... The term womens suffrage refers to an economic and political reform movement aimed at extending suffrage — the right to vote — to women. ... Year 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar). ... The term Prohibition, also known as A Dry Law, refers to a law in a certain country by which the manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages is restricted or illegal. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Free Silver was an important political issue in the late 19th century United States. ... In economics, bimetallism is a monetary standard in which the value of the monetary unit can be expressed either with a certain amount of gold or with a certain amount of silver: the ratio between the two metals is fixed by law. ... The Populist Party (also known as the Peoples Party) was a short-lived political party in the United States in the late 19th century. ... The Silver Republican Party was a United States political faction active in the 1890s. ...

All female survey crew - Minidoka Project, Idaho 1918

After statehood, Idaho's economy began a gradual shift away from mining toward agriculture, particularly in the south. Older mining communities such as Silver City and Rocky Bar gave way to agricultural communities incorporated after statehood, such as Nampa and Twin Falls. Milner Dam on the Snake River, completed in 1905, allowed for the formation of many agricultural communities in the Magic Valley region which had previously been nearly unpopulated. Image File history File links All female survey crew - Minidoka Project, Idaho 1918. ... Image File history File links All female survey crew - Minidoka Project, Idaho 1918. ... Rocky Bar is a ghost town in Elmore County, Idaho, USA. At its height in the late 1800s Rocky Bar boasted a population of over 2,500 and served as county seat of Alturas County from 1864 to 1882. ... Nampa (IPA: ) is the largest city in Canyon County, Idaho, and the second largest in the state. ... Motto: People Serving People Nickname: {{{nickname}}} Map Political Statistics Founded 1904 Incorporated 1904 Twin Falls County Mayor Lance W. Clow Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 31. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Magic Valley is a region in south central Idaho consisting of Blaine, Camas, Cassia, Gooding, Jerome, Lincoln, Minidoka and Twin Falls Counties. ...

Meanwhile, some of the mining towns were able to reinvent themselves as resort communities, most notably in Blaine County, where the Sun Valley ski resort opened in 1936. Others, such as Silver City and Rocky Bar, became ghost towns. Blaine County is a county located in the state of Idaho. ... Sun Valley is an affluent resort community in Blaine County, Idaho, USA, adjacent to the city of Ketchum. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

1950s to present

In the north, mining continued to be an important industry for several more decades. The closure of the Bunker Hill Mine complex in Shoshone County in the early 1980s sent the region's economy into a tailspin. Since that time, a substantial increase in tourism in north Idaho has helped the region to recover. Coeur d'Alene, a lake-side resort town, is a destination for visitors in the area. Shoshone County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. ... Tourists on Oahu, Hawaii Tourism is travel for predominantly recreational or leisure purposes or the provision of services to support this leisure travel. ... Coeur dAlene (IPA: ) is the county seat and largest city of Kootenai County, IdahoGR6. ...

Beginning in the 1980s, there was a rise in North Idaho of a few right-wing extremist and "survivalist" political groups, most notably one holding Neo-Nazi views, the Aryan Nations. These groups were most heavily concentrated in the Panhandle region of the state, particularly in the vicinity of Coeur d'Alene. Although Idaho is a conservative state politically the vast majority of its residents reject such ideologies. This article cites very few or no references or sources. ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... Extremism is the act of taking a belief, political view or ideology to its most literal extreme. ... The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... Aryan Nations (AN) is an international anti-Semitic white supremacist, Neo-Nazi organization. ... This article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ...

In 1992 a stand-off occurred between U.S. Marshals, the F.B.I., and white separatist Randy Weaver and his family at their compound at Ruby Ridge, located near the small, north Idaho town of Naples. The ensuing fire-fight and deaths of a U.S. Marshall, and Weaver's son and wife gained national attention, and raised a considerable amount of controversy regarding the nature of acceptable force by the federal government in such situations. Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The United States Marshals Service, part of the United States Department of Justice, is the United States oldest federal law enforcement agency. ... For other uses of the initials FBI, see FBI (disambiguation). ... Racial segregation is a kind of formalized or institutionalized discrimination on the basis of race, characterized by the races separation from each other. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Ruby Ridge was the name given by the mainstream media to the home of Randy Weavers family, a nameless hillside between Caribou Ridge and Ruby Creek in the northern Idaho Panhandle, just outside of the small town of Naples. ...

In 2001, the Aryan Nations compound, which had been located in Hayden Lake, Idaho, was confiscated as a result of a court case, and the organization moved out of state. About the same time Boise installed an impressive stone Human Rights Memorial featuring a bronze statue of Anne Frank and quotations from her and many other writers extolling human freedom and equality. A recent poll found that Idaho citizens accept people of different cultures and ethnicities and the demographics of the states has changed as well as a surge in economic expansion due to this growth in different groups, especially in Boise. Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hayden Lake is a city in Kootenai County, Idaho, United States. ... Annelies Marie Anne Frank ( ) (June 12, 1929 – early March, 1945) was a European Jewish girl (born in Germany, stateless since 1941, but she claimed to be Dutch as she grew up in the Netherlands) who wrote a diary while in hiding with her family and four friends in Amsterdam during...

References

• Fisher, Vardis (1938). Idaho Encyclopedia. Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton Printers, Ltd. OCLC 962624. 

• Beal, Merrill D.; Merle W. Wells (1953). History of Idaho. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co. OCLC 6565869. 

• Bancroft, Hubert Howe; Frances Fuller Victor (1890). History of Washington, Idaho and Montana : 1845-1889. San Francisco: History Co. OCLC 9291580.