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The history of South India covers a span of over two thousand years during which the region saw the rise and fall of a number of dynasties and empires. The period of known history of the region begins with the ancient period during which the great king Ashoka ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent. The dynasties of Satavahana, Chalukya, Pallava, Rashtrakuta, Chera, Chola, Pandya, Kakatiya and Hoysala were at their peak during various periods of history. These kingdoms constantly fought amongst each other and against external forces when Muslim armies invaded south India. Vijayanagara empire rose in response to the Muslim intervention and covered the most of south India and acted as a bulwark against Mughal expansion into the south. When the European powers arrived during the 16th century CE, the southern kingdoms were not powerful enough to resist the new threat and eventually succumbed to British occupation. The British created the Madras Presidency which covered most of south India directly administered by the British Raj, and divided the rest into a number of dependent princely states. After Indian independence South India was linguistically divided into the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...
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This article is about the History of South Asia. ...
The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic in South Asia. ...
Mehrgarh was an ancient settlement in South Asia and is one of the most important sites in archaeology for the study of the earliest neolithic settlements in that region. ...
Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ...
The Cemetery H culture developed out of the northern part of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1900 BC, in and around the Punjab region. ...
Map of early Iron Age Vedic India after Witzel (1989). ...
The Iron Age in the Indian subcontinent succeeds the Late Harappan (Cemetery H) culture, also known as the last phase of the Indus Valley Tradition. ...
This does not cite any references or sources. ...
Magadha was an ancient kingdom of India, mentioned in both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. ...
A representation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka, which was erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ...
Middle kingdoms of India refers to the political entities in India from the 6th century BCE through to the Islamic invasions and the related Decline of Buddhism from the 7th century CE. // Kingdoms and Empires The Aryans had invaded India from the Northwest, according to the Aryan Invasion Theory, and...
The Chola Dynasty (Tamil: , IPA: ) was a Tamil dynasty that ruled primarily in southern India until the 13th century. ...
The SÄtavÄhanas (Marathi:सातवाहन Telugu:సాతవాహనà±à°²à±), also known as the Andhras, were a dynasty which ruled from Junnar, Pune over Southern and Central India starting from around 230 BCE. Although there is some controversy about when the dynasty came to an end, the most liberal estimates suggest that it lasted...
Boundary of the Kushan empire, c. ...
The Gupta Empire under Chandragupta II (ruled 375-415) The Gupta Empire was one of the largest political and military empires in the world. ...
Buddha and Bodhisattvas, 11th century, Pala Empire. ...
Jain cave in Ellora The Rastrakutas (Sanskrit/Maharashtri Prakrit [1]/Marathi[2][3]:राषà¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°à¤•à¥‚ट, Kannada: ರಾಷà³à²Ÿà³à²°à²•à³‚ಟ) were a dynasty which ruled the southern and the central parts or the Deccan, India during the 8th - 10th century. ...
During the middle ages, several Islamic regimes established empires in South Asia. ...
The Delhi Sultanate (دلی سلطنت), or Sulthanath-e-Hind (سلطنت٠Ûند) / Sulthanath-e-Dilli (سلطنت٠دلی) refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India from 1210 to 1526. ...
The Deccan sultanates were five Muslim-ruled kingdoms–-Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmednagar, Bidar, and Berar of south-central India. ...
Extent of Hoysala Empire, 1200 CE Capital Belur, Halebidu Language(s) Kannada Religion Hindu Government Monarchy King - 1026 – 1047 Nripa Kama II - 1292 – 1343 Veera Ballala III History - Earliest Hoysala records 950 - Established 1026 - Disestablished 1343 The Hoysala Empire (Kannada: ಹೊಯà³à²¸à²³ ಸಾಮà³à²°à²¾à²œà³à²¯) (pronunciation: in Kannada) was a prominent South Indian empire that...
The Kakatiya Dynasty was a South Indian dynasty that ruled parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 to 1323. ...
The Ahom Kingdom (1228-1826) was established by Sukaphaa, a Tai prince from Mong Mao, in the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra river, between the extant Chutiya kingdom in the north and the Kachari kingdom in the south. ...
The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ...
Capital Delhi / Agra Language(s) Persian (initially also Chagatai, Turkish; later also Urdu) Government Monarchy Emperor - 1526-1530 Babur - 1530–1539 and after restoration 1555–1556 Humayun - 1556–1605 Akbar - 1605–1627 Jahangir - 1628–1658 Shah Jahan - 1659–1707 Aurangzeb History - Established April 21, 1526 - Ended September 21, 1857 Area...
Flag of the Maratha Empire Extent of the Maratha Empire ca. ...
The Sikh Confederacy (from 1716-1799) was a collection of small to medium sized independent sovereign, punjabi Sikh states, which were governed by barons, in Punjab[1]. They were loosely politically linked but strongly bound in the cultural and religious spheres. ...
The Sikh Empire (from 1801-1849) was formed on the foundations of the Sikh Confederacy by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. ...
The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ...
Anthem God Save The Queen/King British India, circa 1860 Capital Calcutta (1858-1912), New Delhi (1912-1947) Language(s) Hindi, Urdu, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India - 1877-1901 Victoria - 1901-1910 Edward VII - 1910-1936 George V - January-December 1936 Edward VIII - 1936-1947 George...
This article is under construction. ...
Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
The history of Assam is the history of a confluence of peoples from the east, west and the north; the confluence of the Indo-Aryan, Austro-Asiatic and the Tibeto-Burman cultures. ...
// Different Researchers Analysed the Baloch ( Balochi : بلوچ ) or Baluch in different ways. ...
Buddha and Bodhisattvas, 11th century, Pala Empire Further information: History of Bangladesh The history of Bengal (including Bangladesh and West Bengal) dates back four millennia. ...
Himachal Pradesh has been inhabited by human beings since the dawn of civilization. ...
// Orissa has a history spanning a period of over 3000 years. ...
The historical regions of Pakistan are former states, provinces and territories which mainly existed between 1947 and 1975 when the current provinces and territories were finally established. ...
The first known use of the word Punjab is in the book Tarikh-e-Sher Shah (1580), which mentions the construction of a fort by Sher Khan of Punjab. The name is mentioned again in Ain-e-Akbari (part 1), written by Abul Fazal, who also mentions that the territory...
Tibetan plateau Tibet is situated between the two ancient civilizations of China and India, but the tangled mountain ranges of the Tibetan Plateau and the towering Himalayas serve to distance it from both. ...
The history of Indian coinage stretches back at least 2600 years. ...
The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents. ...
Indology refers to the academic study of the history, languages, and cultures of the Indian subcontinent, and as such a subset of Asian studies. ...
Indian literature is generally acknowledged, but not wholly established, as the oldest in the world. ...
India has had a maritime history dating back around 5,000 years. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This is a timeline of Indian history. ...
The geographical south of India includes all Indian territory below the 20th parallel. ...
Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: अशोक(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BC–232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in...
The SÄtavÄhanas (Marathi:सातवाहन Telugu:సాతవాహనà±à°²à±), also known as the Andhras, were a dynasty which ruled from Junnar, Pune over Southern and Central India starting from around 230 BCE. Although there is some controversy about when the dynasty came to an end, the most liberal estimates suggest that it lasted...
The Chalukya dynasty (Kannada: ಚಾಲà³à²•à³à²¯à²°à³) was a powerful Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th century C.E. They began to assert their independence at the decline of the Satavahana empire and rapidly rose to prominence during the reign of...
The Pallava kingdom (Tamil: பலà¯à®²à®µà®°à¯) was an ancient South Indian kingdom. ...
Jain cave in Ellora The Rastrakutas (Sanskrit/Maharashtri Prakrit [1]/Marathi[2][3]:राषà¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°à¤•à¥‚ट, Kannada: ರಾಷà³à²Ÿà³à²°à²•à³‚ಟ) were a dynasty which ruled the southern and the central parts or the Deccan, India during the 8th - 10th century. ...
The Chera dynasty (Tamil: சேரரà¯) was one of the ancient Tamil dynasties that ruled southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century CE. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Kerala and...
The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ...
The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...
The Kakatiya Dynasty was a South Indian dynasty that ruled parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 to 1323. ...
The Hoysala Empire ruled part of southern India from 1000 to 1346. ...
The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ...
The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ...
Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ...
Anthem God Save The King-Emperor The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (1858 - 1912) New Delhi (1912 - 1947) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India - 1858-1901 Victoria¹ - 1901-1910 Edward VII - 1910-1936 George V - 1936 Edward VIII - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy...
The Indian independence movement was a series of steps taken in the Indian subcontinent for independence from British colonial rule, beginning with the Rebellion of 1857. ...
Andhra redirects here. ...
This article is about the Indian region. ...
, Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ...
Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...
[edit] Ancient history Evidence in the forms of documents and inscriptions are rare in the history of ancient South India. Although there are signs that the history dates back to several centuries BCE, we only have any authentic archeological evidence from the early centuries of the common era. The Kingdom of Pratipalapura (5th century BCE), identified with Bhattiprolu, in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh appears to be the earliest known kingdom in South India. We also have an inscriptional evidence to show that king Kubera was ruling over Bhattiprolu around 230 BC followed by Sala Kings. The script of Bhattiprolu inscriptions was the progentor of Brahmi Lipi that diversified later into modern Telugu and Tamil scripts. During the reign of Ashoka (304 BCE - 232 BCE) the three Tamil dynasties of Chola, Chera and Pandya were running in the south. These kingdoms, while not part of Ashoka's empire, were in friendly terms with the Maurya Empire. The area of these kingdoms was known as Tamilakam "Land of Tamils" BCE redirects here. ...
Bhattiprolu is a small village in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh State in Southern India. ...
This article is about a city in India. ...
Andhra redirects here. ...
Bhattiprolu is a small village in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh State in Southern India. ...
Bhattiprolu is a small village in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh State in Southern India. ...
BrÄhmÄ« refers to the pre-modern members of the Brahmic family of scripts, attested from the 3rd century BC. The best known and earliest dated inscriptions in Brahmi are the rock-cut edicts of Ashoka. ...
Telugu redirects here. ...
Tamil ( ; IPA ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamils in India and Sri Lanka, with smaller communities of speakers in many other countries. ...
Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: अशोक(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BC–232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in...
Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...
The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ...
The Chera dynasty (Tamil: சேரரà¯) was one of the ancient Tamil dynasties that ruled southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century CE. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Kerala and...
The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...
A representation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka, which was erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ...
The ancient Tamil country of the classical era extended from River Krishna to the Cape Comorin(Kanyakumari). ...
[edit] Satavahanas Variously known as the Andhras, Andhrabhrityas, Satakarnis and Satavahanas, this dynasty ruled large portions of Central and South India spanning modern day Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. The Satavahanas started out as feudatories to the Mauryan Empire, and declared independence soon after the death of Ashoka (232 BCE). They were the first native Indian rulers to issue their own coins with portraits of their rulers, starting with king Gautamiputra Satakarni, a habit borrowed from the Indo-Greek kings to the northwest. The Satavahana kings are also remarkable for their contributions to Buddhist art and architecture. The great stupas in the Krishna River Valley were built by them, including the stupas at Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda in Andhra Pradesh. A great Buddhist university flourished at Nagarjunakonda where Acharya Nagarjuna taught. The Satavahana Empire used Prakrit as their official language. The empire started to decline by the 3rd century CE and was supplanted by a number of dynasties including the Chutus, Ikshvakus and Pallavas in South India and Kadambas in Karnataka. Andhra Pradesh (ఆంధà±à°° à°ªà±à°°à°¦à±‡à°¶à°‚ in Telugu) (Ä€ndhra PrÄdesh), is a state in south-eastern India and is part of the linguistic-cultural region of South India. ...
Approximate extent of the Satavahana Empire, circa 150 CE. The SÄtavÄhanas, also known as the Andhras, were a dynasty which ruled in Southern and Central India starting from around 230 BCE. Although there is some controversy about when the dynasty came to an end, the most liberal estimates...
, Madhya Pradesh (abbreviated as MP) (HindÄ«: मधà¥à¤¯ पà¥à¤°à¤¦à¥‡à¤¶, English: , IPA: ), often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. ...
, Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराषà¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤° , IPA , translation: Great Nation) is Indias third largest state in area and second largest in population after Uttar Pradesh. ...
Chhattisgarh (छत्तीसगढ़), a state in central India, formed when the sixteen southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh gained statehood on November 1, 2000. ...
Andhra redirects here. ...
The Mauryan empire (321 to 185 BCE), at its largest extent around 230 BCE. The Lion Capital of Asoka, erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ...
Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: अशोक(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BC–232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in...
Maximum extent of Indo-Greek territory circa 175 BCE. The Indo-Greeks (or sometimes Greco-Indians) designate a series of Greek kings, who invaded and controlled parts of northwest and northern India from 180 BCE to around 10 BCE. They are the continuation of the Greco-Bactrian dynasty of Greek...
A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, SiddhÄrtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by...
Krishna in Vijayawada in 2007 The River Krishna (meaning dark (feminine) in Sanskrit, also called the Krishnaveni, is one of the longest rivers of India (about 1300 km in length). ...
Amaravati may refer to: Amaravati (capital), in Hinduism, (అమరావతి) is the capital of Svarga, a temporary paradise where the dead live. ...
, Nagarjunakonda (meaning Nagarjuna Hill in Telugu) is a historical Buddhist town, now an island located near Nagarjuna Sagar in Nalgonda district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ...
, Nagarjunakonda (meaning Nagarjuna Hill in Telugu) is a historical Buddhist town, now an island located near Nagarjuna Sagar in Nalgonda district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ...
For other uses, see Nagarjuna (disambiguation). ...
Prakrit (also spelt Pracrit) (Sanskrit: , original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual, i. ...
Coin of the Chutu ruler Mulananda c. ...
Ikshvaku dynasty or Sun Dynasty are the same. ...
The Pallavas were hereditary Hindu rulers who dominated southeastern India between the 4th and 9th centuries. ...
Kadambas was an ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, who ruled from their capital of Banavasi from (345-525AD) later branched into Goa, Hanagal and Chandavar. ...
[edit] Pandyas Pandyas were one of the three ancient Tamil kingdoms (Chola and Chera being the other two) who ruled the Tamil country from pre-historic times until end of the 15th century. They ruled initially from Korkai, a sea port on the southern most tip of the Indian peninsula, and in later times moved to Madurai. Pandyas are mentioned in Sangam Literature (c. 100 - 200 CE) as well as by Greek and Roman sources during this period. The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...
The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ...
The Chera dynasty (Tamil: சேரரà¯) was one of the ancient Tamil dynasties that ruled southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century CE. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Kerala and...
, Madurai (Tamil: , IPA: ) is a city and a municipal corporation with a city population of 922,913 according to 2001 census. ...
Sangam literature refers to a body of classical Tamil literature created between the years 200 BCE and 300 CE.[1][2] This collection contains 2381 poems written by 473 poets, some 102 of whom are anonymous authors[3]. The period during which these poems were written is commonly referred to...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
The early Pandyan dynasty of the Sangam literature went into obscurity during the invasion of the Kalabhras. The dynasty revived under Kadungon in the early 6th century, pushed the Kalabhras out of the Tamil country and ruled from Madurai. They again went into decline with the rise of the Cholas in the 9th century and were in constant conflict with them. Pandyas allied themselves with the Sinhalese and the Keralas in harassing the Chola empire until they found an opportunity for reviving their fortunes during the late 13th century. Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (c. 1251) expanded their empire in to the Telugu country and invaded Sri Lanka to conquer the northern half of the island. They also had extensive trade links with the Southeast Asian maritime empires of Srivijaya and their successors. During their history Pandyas were repeatedly in conflict with the Pallavas, Cholas, Hoysalas and finally the Muslim invaders from the Delhi Sultanate. The Pandyan Kingdom finally became extinct after the establishment of the Madurai Sultanate in the 16th century. The Pandyas excelled in both trade and literature. They controlled the pearl fisheries along the south Indian coast, between Sri Lanka and India, which produced one of the finest pearls known in the ancient world. Kalabhras were the South Indian dynasty who between the 3rd and the 6th century C.E. ruled over entire Tamil country, displacing the ancient Chola, Pandya and Chera dynasties. ...
Map of Southeast Asia at end of 12th century. ...
The Pallavas were hereditary Hindu rulers who dominated southeastern India between the 4th and 9th centuries. ...
The Cholas were a South Indian Tamil dynasty, antedating the early Sangam literature (c. ...
The Hoysala Empire ruled part of southern India from 1000 to 1346. ...
The Delhi Sultanate (دلی سلطنت), or Sulthanath-e-Hind (سلطنت٠Ûند) / Sulthanath-e-Dilli (سلطنت٠دلی) refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India from 1210 to 1526. ...
[edit] Cholas The Cholas were one the three main dynasties to rule south India from ancient times. Karikala Chola was the famous king during the early centuries of the common era and managed to gain ascendency over the Pandyas and Cheras. The Chola dynasty however went into a period of decline from c. fourth century C.E. This period coincided with the ascendency of Kalabhras who moved down from the Andhra country displacing the established kingdoms and ruled over most of south India for almost 300 years. The Cholas were a South Indian Tamil dynasty, antedating the early Sangam literature (c. ...
Karikala Chola was the greatest among the Chola kings of the Sangam age in South India. ...
The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...
The Chera dynasty (Tamil: சேரரà¯) was one of the ancient Tamil dynasties that ruled southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century CE. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Kerala and...
Kalabhras were the South Indian dynasty who between the 3rd and the 6th century C.E. ruled over entire Tamil country, displacing the ancient Chola, Pandya and Chera dynasties. ...
 Detail of the main vimanam (tower) of the Thanjavur Temple Vijayalaya Chola revived the Chola dynasty in 850 C.E. by conquering Thanjavur and made it his capital. His son Aditya I defeated the Pallava king Aparajita and extended the Chola territories to Tondaimandalam. The centers of the Chola Kingdom were at Kanchi (Kanchipuram) and Thanjavur. One of the most powerful rulers of the Chola kingdom was Raja Raja Chola. He ruled from 985 - 1014 C.E. His army conquered the Navy of the Cheras at Thiruvananthapuram, and annexed Anuradhapura and the northern province of Ceylon. Rajendra Chola I completed the conquest of Sri Lanka, invaded Bengal, and undertook a great naval campaign that occupied parts of Malaya, Burma, and Sumatra. The Chola dynasty began declining by the 13th century and ended in 1279. Cholas were great builders and have left some of the most beautiful examples of early Dravidian temple architecture. Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur is a fine example and has been listed as one of the United Nation's World Heritage sites. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (587x900, 70 KB) Summary Detail of the main Vimanam (Tower) of the Great Temple at Thanjavur Licensing The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (587x900, 70 KB) Summary Detail of the main Vimanam (Tower) of the Great Temple at Thanjavur Licensing The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with...
Vijayalaya was the Chola king of South India who captured Thanjavur during c. ...
Events April 20 - Guntherus becomes Bishop of Cologne. ...
, Tanjore redirects here. ...
Aditya I (870-906) was an Indian ruler. ...
Kanchipuram, Kanchi, or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is the name of a temple town and the headquarters of Kanchipuram district in Tamil Nadu, India. ...
, Kanchipuram, Kanchi, or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is a city and a municipality in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ...
A statue of Rajaraja Chola I at Thanjavur Rajaraja Chola I is considered the greatest of all Cholas. ...
Events Barcelona sacked by Al-Mansur Greenland colonized by Icelandic Viking Erik the Red (the date is according to legend but has been established as at least approximately correct – see History of Greenland) Lady Wulfruna founded the town that later became the city of Wolverhampton Births Al-Hakim bi-Amr...
Events February 14 - Pope Benedict VIII recognizes Henry of Bavaria as King of Germany July 29 - Battle of Kleidion: Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock...
, Thiruvananthapuram (Malayalam: തിരàµà´µà´¨à´¨àµà´¤à´ªàµà´°à´‚ Tiruvanantapuraá¹), also known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. ...
Anuradhapura, ( in Sinhala), is one of the ancient capitals of Sri Lanka, world famous for its well preserved ruins of the Great Sri Lankan Civilization. ...
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (ශ්රී ලංකා in Sinhala / இலங்கை in Tamil) (known as Ceylon before 1972) is a tropical island nation off the southeast coast of the Indian subcontinent. ...
Rajendra Chola I was the son of Rajaraja Chola I, the great Chola king of South India. ...
For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ...
Map of Peninsular Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia (Malay: Semenanjung Malaysia) is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula, and shares a land border with Thailand in the north. ...
For other uses, see Sumatra (disambiguation). ...
(12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ...
For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...
The Brihadisvara temple (also spelled Brahadeeswarar temple) is an ancient Hindu temple located at Thanjavur in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. ...
, Tanjore redirects here. ...
This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ...
[edit] Cheras The Chera dynasty were one of the ancient Tamil dynasties who ruled the southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century C.E. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Namakkal, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Indian states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Throughout the reign of the Cheras, trade continued to bring prosperity to Kerala, with spices, ivory, timber, pearls and gems being exported to the Middle East and to southern Europe. Evidence of extensive foreign trade from ancient times can be seen throughout the Malabar coast, Karur and Coimabtore districts. [Land of uncivilised] Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala Malabar (Malayalam: മലബാരàµâ€ ) is a region of southern India, lying between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, and derived from the Malayalam word Mala mean Hill and Persian word Bar means Kingdom, and is same as the word meaning of Malayalam. ...
, Coimbatore (Tamil: ), also known as Kovai (Tamil: ), is a major industrial city in India and the second largest city in the state of Tamil Nadu. ...
, Namakkal (Tamil: நாமகà¯à®•à®²à¯) is a city and a municipality in Namakkal district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ...
Karur (Tamil : கரூர௠) is a town and a municipality in Karur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ...
Salem District Salem District is a district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ...
[edit] Pallavas The Pallavas were a great south Indian dynasty who ruled between the third century CE until their final decline in the ninth century CE. Their capital was Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu. Their origins are not clearly known. However, it is surmised that they were of Aryan (Pahlava / Kambhoja) origin and they probably were feudatories of Satavahanas. Pallavas started their rule from Krishna river valley, known today as Palnadu, and subsequently spread to southern Andhra Pradesh and north Tamil Nadu. Mahendravarman I was a prominent Pallava king who began work on the rock-cut temples of Mahabalipuram. His son Narasimhavarman I came to throne in 630 CE. He defeated the Chalukya king Pulakesi II in 632 CE and burned the Chalukyan capital Vatapi. Pallavas and Pandyas dominmated the souther regions of South India between the sixth and the ninth centuries CE.. The Pallava kingdom (Tamil: பலà¯à®²à®µà®°à¯) was an ancient South Indian kingdom. ...
, Kanchipuram, Kanchi, or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is a city and a municipality in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ...
Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...
The Pallava were a Southern Indian dynasty who established their capital at Kanchipuram in early the 4th century CE. The Pallava dominated the northern parts of Tamil region until the end of the 9th century for about six hundred years. ...
Coin of Gondophares (20-50 CE), first and greatest king of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom. ...
Kamboja is ancient name of a country and the tribe settled therein. ...
Approximate extent of the Satavahana Empire, circa 150 CE. The SÄtavÄhanas, also known as the Andhras, were a dynasty which ruled in Southern and Central India starting from around 230 BCE. Although there is some controversy about when the dynasty came to an end, the most liberal estimates...
The Pallava kingdom (Tamil: பலà¯à®²à®µà®°à¯) was an ancient South Indian kingdom. ...
Krishna in Vijayawada in 2007 The River Krishna (meaning dark (feminine) in Sanskrit, also called the Krishnaveni, is one of the longest rivers of India (about 1300 km in length). ...
Palnadu is the northern region of Guntur District in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ...
Andhra redirects here. ...
Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...
The rock-cut temples at Mamallapuram. ...
Shore Temple, rescued from the sea Mahabalipuram (Tamil:மகாபலிபà¯à®°à®®à¯) (also known as Mamallapuram) is a town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ...
Narasimhavarman I was one of the most famous Pallava kings who ruled from A.D. 630 - 668. ...
PULAKESI II (C.610-642 A.D.): Pulakesi II ascended the throne in C.610 A. D., and he has been rightly regarded as the ablest monarch in the Chalukyan line. ...
The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...
[edit] Kadambas of Banavasi Kadambas ruled during 345-525 CE. Their kingdom spanned the presnet day Karnataka state. Banavasi was their capital. They expanded their territories to cover Goa, Hanagal. The dynasty was founded by Mayura Sharma c. 345 CE. They built fine temples in Banavasi, Belgaum, Halsi and Goa. Kadambas were the first rulers to use Kannada as an administrative language as proven by the Halmidi inscription (450 CE) and Banavasi copper coin. With the rise of the Chalukya dynasty of Badami, the Kadambas ruled as their feudatory from 525 CE for another five hundred years. Kadambas was an ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, who ruled from their capital of Banavasi from (345-525AD) later branched into Goa, Hanagal and Chandavar. ...
This article is about the Indian region. ...
Banavasi ಬನವಾಸಿ is an ancient temple town on the border of Uttara Kannada District and Shimoga district in the south Indian state of Karnataka. ...
For other uses, see Goa (disambiguation). ...
This is place in Haveri District ( old Dharwad District) in Karanataka. ...
, Belgaum (proposed to be renamed Belagaavi) (Kannada: ಬೆಳಗಾವಿ, Marathi: बेळगांव; ), also known as Belgaon, is a city and a municipal corporation in Belgaum district in the state of Karnataka, India. ...
Halasi is a town lying in the Belgaum district of Karnataka state in India. ...
Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ...
The Halmidi inscription is so far the oldest known Kannada inscription in the Kannada script. ...
Virupaksha temple, Pattadakal, built 740 Badami Chalukya Territories in the reign of Pulakesi II, 640 The Chalukya dynasty (Sanskrit/Marathi[1]:चालà¥à¤•à¥à¤¯ राजवंश,Kannada:ಚಾಲà³à²•à³à²¯à²°à³) IPA: ) was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th centuries. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 2052 KB) Photograph taken by self (Dineshkannambadi) in June, 2006 I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 2052 KB) Photograph taken by self (Dineshkannambadi) in June, 2006 I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli, Mandya district Mantapa, Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli Mandya District Kambadahalli is a town in Mandya district of Karnataka state. ...
Mandya District (Kannada ಮಂಡà³à²¯ ) is an administrative district located in Karnataka, India. ...
[edit] Ganga Dynasty of Talkad The Ganga dynasty ruled southern Karnataka region during 350 - 550 CE. They continued to rule until the 10th century as feudatories of Rashtrakutas and Chalukyas. They rose from the region after the fall of the Satavahana empire and created a kingdom for themselves in Gangavadi (south Karnataka) while the Kadambas, their contemporaries, did the same in north Karnataka. The area they controlled was called Gangavadi which included the present day districts of Mysore, Chamrajanagar, Tumkur, Kolar, Mandya and Bangalore. They continued to rule until the 10th century as feudatories of Rashtrakutas and Chalukyas. Gangas initially had their capital at Kolar, before moving it to Talakad near Mysore. They made a significant contribution to Kannada literature with such noted writers as King Durvinita, King Shivamara II and Chavundaraya. The famous Jain monuments at Shravanabelagola were built by them. The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
The Rashtrakutas were a dynasty which ruled the Deccan during the 8th-10th centuries. ...
The Chalukya Dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled parts of southern India between 550 and 750, and again between 973 and 1190. ...
, For other uses, see Mysore (disambiguation). ...
Chamarajanagar District ಚಾಮರಾಜನಗರ is a district in southern Karnataka, India, bordering the modern Mysore District, as well as Erode District of Tamil Nadu and Wayanad District, in Kerala. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Mandya (Kannada ಮಂಡà³à²¯)is a city in Mandya District in Karnataka state of India. ...
, For other uses, see Bangalore (disambiguation). ...
The Rashtrakutas were a dynasty which ruled the Deccan during the 8th-10th centuries. ...
The Chalukya Dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled parts of southern India between 550 and 750, and again between 973 and 1190. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Talakad is a scenic and spiritual center located in Mysore district, near T. Narasipura. ...
DURVINITA (C.495-535 A. D.): (Ref: http:http://www. ...
Shivamara II was the son of Sripurusha and ruled the Western Ganga Dynasty from 788 - 816 C.E. He succeded the Ganga throne during a time when the Rashtrakuta were the empire on the rise in South India and the Deccan. ...
Gomateshwara monolith at Shravanabelagola (982-983 CE) Chavundraya (Kannada: ಚಾವà³à²‚ಡರಾಯ) (or Chamundaraya, 940 - 989) was a military commander and a minister in the court of the Western Ganga Dynasty of Talakad (in present day Karnataka). ...
JAIN is an activity within the Java Community Process, developing APIs for the creation of telephony (voice and data) services. ...
The statue of Gomatheswara dates from 978-993 AD. Shravanabelagola is a city located in the Hassan district, in the Indian state of Karnataka. ...
 Badami Chalukya architecture, Virupaksha Temple, Badami, Karnataka Pattadakal- Virupaksha Temple Photograph taken by me (KRS) in December 2003 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Pattadakal- Virupaksha Temple Photograph taken by me (KRS) in December 2003 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
[edit] Chalukyas of Badami One of the first kings of the Chalukyan dynasty was Pulakesi I. He ruled from Badami, the present day Bijapur, Karnataka, in Karnataka. His son Pulakesi II became the king of the Chalukyan empire in 610 CE and ruled until 642 CE. Pulakesi II is most remembered for the battle he fought and won against Emperor Harshavardhana in 637 AD. He also defeated the Pallava king Mahendravarman I. The Chalukya empire existed from 543 CE - 757 CE and an area stretching from Kaveri to Narmada rivers. The Chalukyas created the Chalukyan style of architecture. Great monuments were built in Pattadakal, Aihole and Badami. These temples exhibit evolution of the Vesara style of architecture. The Chalukya Dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled parts of southern India between 550 and 750, and again between 973 and 1190. ...
Pulakesi I (543 – 566 C.E.) established the Chalukya dynasty in then western Deccan and his descendents ruled over an empire that comprised of the entire state of Karnataka and most of Andhra Pradesh. ...
Badami Cave Temple No 3. ...
Bijapur (Kannada: ವಿಜಾಪà³à²°) is a district headquarters of the Bijapur District in the state of Karnataka. ...
This article is about the Indian region. ...
PULAKESI II (C.610-642 A.D.): Pulakesi II ascended the throne in C.610 A. D., and he has been rightly regarded as the ablest monarch in the Chalukyan line. ...
Harsha or Harshavardhana (606-648) was an Indian emperor who ruled northern India as paramount monarch for over forty years. ...
The rock-cut temples at Mamallapuram. ...
The Chalukya Dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled parts of southern India between 550 and 750, and again between 973 and 1190. ...
Pattadakal (Kannada- ಪಟà³à²Ÿà²¦à²•à²²à³) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka famous for its group of monuments that are the culmination of earliest experiments in vesara style of Hindu temple architecture. ...
Aihole (Kannada à²à²¹à³Šà²³à³†)is in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. ...
Badami Cave Temple No 3. ...
Vesara is a type of Indian architecture primarily used in temples. ...
The Chalukyas of Vengi, also known as the Eastern Chalukyas, who were related to the Badami Chalukyas ruled along the east coast of South India around the present-day Vijayawada. The Eastern Chalukya dynasty was created by Kubja Vishnuvardhana, a brother of Pulakesi II. The Eastern Chalukyas continued to rule for over five hundred years and were in close alliance with the Cholas. // Vengi dynasties Vengi kingdom extended from River Godavari in the north to Mount MahendraGiri in the southeast and to just below the southern banks of River Krishna in the south. ...
Eastern Chalukyas were a South Indian dynasty whose kingdom was located in the present day Andhra Pradesh. ...
, Vijayawada ( ) (విజయవాడ) literally translates to The Place of Victory. It is also known as Bezawada. ...
Kubja Vishnuvardhana (624 – 641 C.E.) was the brother of Chalukya Pulakesi II. Vishnuvardhana ruled the Vengi territories in the eastern Andhra Pradesh as the viceroy under Pulakesi II from around 615 CE. Eventually Vishnuvardhana declared his independence and started the Eastern Chalukya dynasty (c. ...
PULAKESI II (C.610-642 A.D.): Pulakesi II ascended the throne in C.610 A. D., and he has been rightly regarded as the ablest monarch in the Chalukyan line. ...
The Cholas were a South Indian Tamil dynasty, antedating the early Sangam literature (c. ...
[edit] Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta
 Rashtrakuta architecture, Kailasanatha Temple, top view, Ellora, Maharashtra The Rashtrakuta Empire ruled from Manyaketha in Gulbarga from 735 CE until 982 CE and reached its peak under Amoghavarsha I (814 - 878 CE), considered Ashoka of South India. The Rashtrakutas came to power at the decline of the Badami Chalukyas and were involved in a three-way power struggle for control of the Gangetic plains with the Prathihara of Gujarat and Palas of Bengal. The Rashtrakutas were responsible for building some of the beautiful rock-cut temples of Ellora including the Kailasa temple. Kannada language literature flourished during this period of Adikavi Pampa, Sri Ponna and Shivakotiacharya. King Amoghavarsha I wrote the earliest extant Kannada classic Kavirajamarga. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 544 KB) photographed by Pratheepps File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ellora Caves History of South India User:Pratheepps Wikipedia:Featured pictures candidates/May-2006 Wikipedia...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 544 KB) photographed by Pratheepps File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ellora Caves History of South India User:Pratheepps Wikipedia:Featured pictures candidates/May-2006 Wikipedia...
Jain cave in Ellora The Rastrakutas (Sanskrit/Maharashtri Prakrit [1]/Marathi[2][3]:राषà¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°à¤•à¥‚ट, Kannada: ರಾಷà³à²Ÿà³à²°à²•à³‚ಟ) were a dynasty which ruled the southern and the central parts or the Deccan, India during the 8th - 10th century. ...
Gulbarga is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka. ...
Amoghavarsha Nripathunga, or Amoghavarsha I was the king of Rashtrakuta from 814 to 878, and is widely considered the greatest. ...
The Pratiharas (Parihars) were an Indian gurjar dynasty who ruled a large kingdom in northern India from the 6th to the 11th centuries. ...
This article is for the Indian state. ...
Palas may refer to: Palas carpet is a form of Middle Eastern carpet. ...
For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ...
Kailasanatha Temple Ellora is an ancient village 30 km from the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra famous for its magnificent rock cut architecture comprising of Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina cave temples and monasteries built between the 6th and 10th century A.D. These structures were excavated...
“Kannada†redirects here. ...
Pampa (Kannada: ಪಂಪ) born in 902 C.E., also known as Adikavi Pampa, is one of the greatest Kannada poets of all time. ...
Sri Ponna was the poet royal in the court of Rashtrakuta king Krishna II. Some sources say he was in the court of Krishna III though the former seems more reliable. ...
Shivakotiacharya authored the earliest extant prose work in Kannada called Vaddaradhane in 900 C.E. during the rule of Rashtrakuta king Krishna II. There seems to be a 800 C.E. and a 930 C.E date given to this work by some other sources though. ...
Amoghavarsha Nripathunga, or Amoghavarsha I was the king of Rashtrakuta from 814 to 878, and is widely considered the greatest. ...
Extant literature refers to texts that have survived from the past to the present time. ...
Sri Vijaya, the court poet of Amoghavarsha Nripathunga, the Rashtrakuta ruler, composed it in the 9 Th centuries A.D. It is considered that Sri Vijaya did the first literary works in 9th Century A.D. This work is generally held to be the earliest literary work in Kannada. ...
[edit] Chalukyas of Kalyani  Mantapa, Kalyani Chalukya architecture, Thripuranthakeshwara Temple (1070 C.E.), Shimoga, Karnataka The Western Chalukya Empire was created by the descendants of the Badami Chalukya clan and ruled from 973 - 1195 CE. Their capital was Kalyani, present day Basava Kalyana in Karnataka. They came to power at the decline of the Rashtrakutas. They ruled from the Kaveri in the South to Gujarath in the north. The empire reached its peak under Vikramaditya VI. The Kalyani Chalukyas promoted the Gadag style of architecture, excellent examples of which are present in Gadag, Dharwad, Koppal and Haveri districts of Karnataka. They patronised great Kannada poets such as Ranna and Nagavarma II and is considered as a golden age of Kannada literature. The |
