NationMaster - Encyclopedia: History of Western Australia

The human history of Western Australia spans between the first inhabitants arriving on the northwest coast about 55,000 years ago to events in the twentieth century. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The history of Australia began when people first migrated to the Australian continent from the north, at least 40,000-45,000 years ago. ... // Foundation and growth Governor Lachlan Macquarie In 1770 Captain James Cook sailed along the east coast of Australia, the first European to do so. ... This article describes the history of Victoria. ... The history of Queensland spans thousands of years, encompassing both a lengthy indigenous presence in the state, as well as the eventful times of post-European settlement. ... The history of South Australia details from the first human activity in the region, estimated at about 20 000 years ago to the current events of the 21st century. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The History of the Australian Capital Territory details the Australian Capital Territorys development from before white settlement to Canberras planning by the Chicago architect Walter Burley Griffin and subsequent development to the present day. ... The history of the Northern Territory began over 40,000 years ago when Indigenous Australians settled the region. ... The Aboriginal History of Western Australia is the history of the indigenous inhabitants of the western third of the Australian continent, from their own perspective. ... This article details the History of Perth from the first human activity in the region to the 20th century. ...

[edit] Aboriginal settlement

For early human settlement in Australia see Prehistory of Australia and Aboriginal History of Western Australia

When Australia's first inhabitants arrived on the northwest coast 40,000 to 60,000 years ago the sea levels were much lower. The Kimberley coast at one time was only about 90 km from Timor, which itself was the last in a line of closely spaced islands for humans to travel across^[1]. Therefore this was a possible (even probable) location for which Australia's first immigrants could arrive via some primitive boat. Other possible immigration routes were via islands further north and then through New Guinea. The prehistory of Australia is the period between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the first definitive sighting of Australia by Europeans in 1606, which may be taken as the beginning of the recent history of Australia. ... The Aboriginal History of Western Australia is the history of the indigenous inhabitants of the western third of the Australian continent, from their own perspective. ... The Kimberley is one of the nine regions of Western Australia, consisting of the local government areas of Broome, Derby-West Kimberley, Halls Creek and Wyndham-East Kimberley. ... Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago, divided between the independent state of East Timor, and West Timor, part of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara with the surface of 11,883 sq mi (30,777 kmÂ²). The name is a variant of timur...

Over the next tens of thousands of years these Indigenous Australians slowly moved southward and eastward across the landmass. The Aborigines were well established throughout Western Australia by the time European ships started accidentally arriving en-route to Batavia (now Jakarta) in the early seventeenth century. Language(s) Several hundred Indigenous Australian languages (many extinct or nearly so), Australian English, Australian Aboriginal English, Torres Strait Creole, Kriol Religion(s) Primarily Christian, with minorities of other religions including various forms of Traditional belief systems based around the Dreamtime Related ethnic groups see List of Indigenous Australian group... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ...

See also: Australian Aboriginal Prehistoric Sites. Key: BGS = Below Ground Surface C12 = Radiocarbon date char. ...

[edit] Europeans arrive

The first European to sight Western Australia was the Dutch explorer, Dirk Hartog, who on 26 October 1616 landed at what is now known as Cape Inscription, Dirk Hartog Island. Before departing, Hartog left behind a pewter plate affixed to a post. The plate was subsequently discovered, replaced and repatriated to the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. See Hartog plate Dirk Hartog (1580â€”1621) was a 17th century Dutch sea captain and explorer, whose expedition was the second European group to land on Australian soil. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1616 (MDCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Dirk Hartogs plate in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Dirk Hartog Island, an island off the coast of Western Australia, was discovered in October 1616 by the Dutch sea captain Dirk Hartog, who was blown off course while sailing from Cape Town to Batavia (Jakarta). ... Pewter plate Pewter is a metal alloy, traditionally between 85 and 99 percent tin, with the remainder consisting of 1-15 percent copper, acting as a hardener, with the addition of lead for the lower grades of pewter, which have a bluish tint. ... The Rijksmuseum Rembrandt van Rijn: The Night Watch 1642 Johannes Vermeer: Milkmaid 1658-1660 Frans Hals: Portrait of a Young Couple The Rijksmuseum (IPA: ; Dutch for National Museum) is a national museum of the Netherlands, located in Amsterdam on the Museumplein. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ... Dirk Hartogs plate in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Hartog Plate or Dirk Hartogs Plate is either of two plates, although primarily the first, which were left on Dirk Hartog Island during a period of European exploration of the western coast of Australia prior to European settlement there. ...

Another early visitor was Englishman William Dampier who in 1699 sailed down the western coast of Australia. He noted the lack of water and in his description of Shark Bay in his account "A Voyage to New Holland", he expresses his frustration: This article is about the English as an ethnic group and nation. ... William Dampier, pirate, navigator and explorer William Dampier (baptised 5 September 1651 â€“ died March 1715) was an English buccaneer, sea captain, author and scientific observer. ... Shark Bay is a world heritage site and a locality in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. ... Map of a part of New Holland made by William Dampier in 1699 New Holland is a historic name for the island continent of Australia. ...

"as the 7th of August when we came into Shark's Bay; in which we Anchored at three several Places, and stay'd at the first of them (on the W. side of the Bay) till the 11th. During which time we searched about, as I said, for fresh Water, digging Wells, but to no purpose".

A number of sections of the Western Australian coastline were given names which did not last past the exploratory era in names of features - such as Eendrachtsland. However some names such as Leeuwin's Land materialised at a later date as Cape Leeuwin. Cape Leeuwin Lighthouse, Western Australia The most south-westerly mainland point of the Australian Continent, in the state of Western Australia. ...

[edit] Timeline of European discovery and exploration

Below is a timeline of significant events from the 1616 landfall of Dirk Hartog until the eventual settlement of the Swan River Colony in 1829: Dirk Hartog (1580â€”1621) was a 17th century Dutch sea captain and explorer, whose expedition was the second European group to land on Australian soil. ... Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

1616 - Dirk Hartog in the Eendracht arrives at Cape Inscription and leaves a pewter plate. Coastal region in the vicinity is shown on Hartog's maps as Eendrachtsland. Believed to be first landfall on Western Australian soil by Europeans. (An earlier 1606 encounter on the northern coast of Australia near Papua New Guinea by the Duyfken is credited as being the first Australian visit by European explorers.)
1618 - The Zeewulf makes landfall north of Eendrachtsland.
1619 - Frederick de Houtman in two ships bound for Batavia encountered dangerous shoals which were subsequently named Houtman Abrolhos. Following successful navigation of the Abrolhos, Houtman made landfall in the region Hartog had encountered.

1659 map prepared by Joan Blaeu based on voyages by Abel Tasman and Willem Jansz.

1622 - Leeuwin makes landing south of Abrolhos.
1622 - English ship the Tryall is wrecked at Tryal Rocks off the northwest coast; 45 survivors reach Batavia independently in two boats.
1626 to 1627 - Gulden Zeepaert skippered by Francois Thijssen sails along south coast towards Great Australian Bight.
1629 - Batavia strikes a reef of the Abrolhos. Skipper Francisco Pelsaert sails the ship's small boat to Batavia for rescue. After returning 3 months later finds evidence of mutiny and many previous survivors murdered.
1656 - The Vergulde Draeck (Gilt Dragon) en route to Batavia is shipwrecked only 107km north of the Swan River near Ledge Point
1658 - Three Dutch ships visit south coast searching for the Vergulde Draeck: Waekende Boey under Captain S. Volckertszoon, the Elburg under Captain J. Peereboom and the Emeloort under Captain A. Joncke.
1688 and 1699 - William Dampier in the Cygnet explores the northwest coastline and sails down the coast.
1697 - Willem de Vlamingh find Hartog's plate and replaces it with his own. He also explores the Swan River area.
1712 - The Zuytdorp with 286 on board was shipwrecked near Kalbarri. The Dutch did not send a search party probably because no survivors were able to report the disaster. The crew were never heard from again, though it is probable that many initially survived because a campsite was found near the wreck.
1772 On March 30, Frenchman Francois de St-Allouarn landed at Turtle Bay at the northern end of Dirk Hartog Island and claimed the island for France. [1]
1791 - George Vancouver makes formal claim at Possession Point, King George Sound, Albany.
1792 - Frenchman Bruni d'Entrecasteaux in charge of the Recherche and L'Esperance reaches Cape Leeuwin on 5 December and explores eastward along the southern coast.
1801 - The French ships Geographe and Naturaliste under Nicolas Baudin and Emmanuel Hamelin, explore much of the coast north from Cape Leeuwin, including the Swan River. They discover de Vlamingh's plate.
1801 - Matthew Flinders sights Cape Leeuwin en route to charting of southern Australian coastline.
1806 has completed the first circumnavigation of Australia
1803 - The Geographe and another French ship Casuarina follow much of the same coastline again on the way back to France.
1818 - Louis de Freycinet finds de Vlamingh's plate and removes it to France.
1826 - On October 26, Frenchman Dumont d'Urville in the Astrolabe visited King George Sound before sailing along the south coast to Port Jackson.
1826 - On Christmas Day, just after the Astrolabe leaves, a military outpost established on behalf of New South Wales at Albany with the arrival of Major Edmund Lockyer on the Amity.
1827 - James Stirling explores Swan River area.
1829 - Charles Fremantle declared the Swan River Colony for Britain. Shortly after, Stirling makes formal proclamation of possession.

Year 1616 (MDCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Dirk Hartog (1580â€”1621) was a 17th century Dutch sea captain and explorer, whose expedition was the second European group to land on Australian soil. ... Eendrachtsland was the name given by Dirk Hartog, saling in the VOC ship Eendracht in 1616 to the area of the Western portion of the Australian mainland at around latitude 25Âº south near what is now known as Dirk Hartog Island. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... Duyfken Duyfken (little dove in English) was a small Dutch ship that sailed from the Indonesian island of Banda in 1606 in search of gold and trade opportunities on Nova Guinea (now Papua New Guinea). ... For a bill proposed in USA in 1998, see Bill 1618. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... Frederick de Houtman (1571â€”1627) was a Dutch explorer who sailed along the Western coast of Australia (see History of Western Australia) en route to Batavia. ... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ... The Houtman Abrolhos and their surrounding coral reef communities, lie sixty km west of Geraldton, Western Australia (, ) and form a unique marine area. ... Image File history File links Beans rule! File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Beans rule! File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... // Events May 25 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth. ... Portrait of Tasman Abel Janszoon Tasman (1603 - October 10, 1659), was a Dutch seafarer, explorer, and merchant. ... Willem Jansz (c. ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ... A British East Indiaman The Tryall (also spelt Tryal and Trial ) was a British East India Company owned East Indiaman captained by John Brookes which was wrecked off the north-west coast of Western Australia in 1622. ... Closeup of Tryal Rocks The Montebello Islands, with Tryal Rocks in the top left hand corner Tryal Rocks, sometimes spelled Trial Rocks or Tryall Rocks, formerly known as Ritchies Reef or the Greyhounds Shoal, is a reef of rock located in the Indian Ocean off the northwest coast... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ... Events September 30 - Nurhaci, chieftain of the Jurchens and founder of the Qing Dynasty dies and is succeeded by his son Hong Taiji. ... Events A Dutch ship makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. ... FranÃ§ois Thijssen was a Dutch explorer who is famous because of his travel along the South coast of Australia. ... The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay, encompassing an area of the Southern Ocean located off the central and western portions of the southern coastline of mainland Australia. ... Events March 4 - Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. ... , Batavia was a ship of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). ... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ... // Events Mehmed KÃ¶prÃ¼lÃ¼ becomes Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. ... // Historical This site is significant in the early European exploration of Australia and parts of the Western Australian coast. ... Landsat 7 imagery of the Swan River and surrounds The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ... Ledge Point is a small coastal township about 100 km north of Perth, Western Australia. ... Events January 13 - Edward Sexby, who had plotted against Oliver Cromwell, dies in Tower of London February 6 - Swedish troops of Charles X Gustav of Sweden cross The Great Belt (StorebÃ¦lt) in Denmark over frozen sea May 1 - Publication of Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial and The Garden of Cyrus by... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... Events January 26 - Treaty of Karlowitz signed March 30 - the tenth Sikh Master, Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa. ... William Dampier, pirate, navigator and explorer William Dampier (baptised 5 September 1651 â€“ died March 1715) was an English buccaneer, sea captain, author and scientific observer. ... Events September 11 - Battle of Zenta, Prince Eugene of Savoy crushed Ottoman army of Mustafa II September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 â€“ St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher... Willem de Vlamingh (born 28 November 1640, died ?) was a Dutch sailor who explored the southwest coast of Australia (then New Holland) in the late 17th Century. ... Landsat 7 imagery of the Swan River and surrounds The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ... // Events Treaty of Aargau signed between Catholic and Protestants. ... The VOC Zuytdorp (meaning South village) was a trading ship of the Dutch East India Company in the 1700s. ... Kalbarri river mouth at sunset. ... Year 1772 (MDCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Dirk Hartogs plate in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Dirk Hartog Island, an island off the coast of Western Australia, was discovered in October 1616 by the Dutch sea captain Dirk Hartog, who was blown off course while sailing from Cape Town to Batavia (Jakarta). ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Captain George Vancouver RN (June 22, 1757 â€“ May 12, 1798) was an officer of the British Royal Navy, best known for his exploration of North America, including the Pacific coast along the modern day Canadian province of British Columbia and the American states of Alaska, Washington and Oregon. ... Albany, (IPA: }, is the largest regional city in WA situated on the south coast of Western Australia south-southeast of Perth. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Antoine Raymond Joseph de Bruni DEntrecasteaux (1739–1793) was a French navigator who explored the Australian coast in 1792 while seeking traces of the lost expedition of La Pérouse. ... Cape Leeuwin Lighthouse, Western Australia The most south-westerly mainland point of the Australian Continent, in the state of Western Australia. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Nicolas Baudin Nicolas-Thomas Baudin (February 17, 1754 - September 16, 1803) was a French explorer. ... Baron Jacques FÃ©lix Emmanuel Hamelin (October 13, 1768 in Honfleur, Calvados, France - April 23, 1839 in Paris) was a rear admiral of the French navy and later a Baron. ... Cape Leeuwin Lighthouse, Western Australia The most south-westerly mainland point of the Australian Continent, in the state of Western Australia. ... Landsat 7 imagery of the Swan River and surrounds The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Captain Matthew Flinders RN (16 March 1774 â€“ 19 July 1814) was one of the most accomplished navigators and cartographers of his age. ... Cape Leeuwin Lighthouse, Western Australia The most south-westerly mainland point of the Australian Continent, in the state of Western Australia. ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... â€œRound the worldâ€ redirects here. ... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Note that this entry should not to be confused with Charles Louis de Saulces de Freycinet (1828-1923), French Prime Minister Louis Claude de Saulses de Freycinet, (August 7, 1779 - August 18, 1842) was a French navigator. ... The oldest surviving photograph, NicÃ©phore NiÃ©pce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the French explorer. ... The oldest surviving photograph, NicÃ©phore NiÃ©pce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... NSW redirects here. ... Albany, (IPA: }, is the largest regional city in WA situated on the south coast of Western Australia south-southeast of Perth. ... Year 1827 (MDCCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Admiral Sir James Stirling Admiral Sir James Stirling RN (January 28, 1791â€“April 23, 1865) was a British marine officer and colonial administrator. ... Landsat 7 imagery of the Swan River and surrounds The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Admiral Sir Charles Howe Fremantle (June 1, 1800 _ May 25, 1869) was a Captain of the British Royal Navy. ... Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829. ...

[edit] British settlements

The first formal claim of possession for Britain was made by Commander George Vancouver RN (later captain) on 29 September 1791 on the spot he named Possession Point, at the tip of the peninsula between the waters he also named -- King George III Sound and Princess Royal Harbour at Albany. The "third" (III) was dropped later. Captain George Vancouver RN (June 22, 1757 â€“ May 12, 1798) was an officer of the British Royal Navy, best known for his exploration of North America, including the Pacific coast along the modern day Canadian province of British Columbia and the American states of Alaska, Washington and Oregon. ... is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Albany, (IPA: }, is the largest regional city in WA situated on the south coast of Western Australia south-southeast of Perth. ...

In the early 1800s the British became concerned about the possibility of a French colony being established on the coast of Western Australia and thus, in 1826, the New South Wales governor Ralph Darling established a settlement at King George Sound. A penal settlement in the area was considered but rejected. Instead, a small detachment headed by Edmund Lockyer with 18 soldiers, one captain, one doctor, one storekeeper and 23 convicts were sent as a labour force. // Invention of the Jacquard loom in 1801. ... The oldest surviving photograph, NicÃ©phore NiÃ©pce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... NSW redirects here. ... General Sir Ralph Darling, Governor NSW (1825â€“1831). ... Edmund Lockyer (21 January 1784 â€“ 10 June 1860) was a British major in the 57th regiment. ...

After the formal declaration in 1829 of the Swan River Colony (some 410 km to the North West) (see below), control of King George Sound was transferred from New South Wales to Western Australia and continued under a Government Resident. Captain James Stirling decreed that the settlement would be named "Albany" from 1832. Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829. ... NSW redirects here. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... Admiral Sir James Stirling Admiral Sir James Stirling RN (January 28, 1791â€“April 23, 1865) was a British marine officer and colonial administrator. ... Albany, (IPA: }, is the largest regional city in WA situated on the south coast of Western Australia south-southeast of Perth. ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

[edit] Swan River Colony

Main article: Swan River Colony

early map of the Swan River colony

The Swan River Colony was the name given to the British colony established on the Swan River by Captain James Stirling in 1829. The colonists first sighted land on 1 June, the official Proclamation was made on 18 June, and the foundation of the colony took place on 12 August. The two separate townsites of the colony developed slowly into the port city of Fremantle and the Western Australian capital city Perth. Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (712x935, 128 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: History of Western Australia Swan River Colony ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (712x935, 128 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: History of Western Australia Swan River Colony ... Landsat 7 imagery of the Swan River and surrounds The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ... Admiral Sir James Stirling Admiral Sir James Stirling RN (January 28, 1791â€“April 23, 1865) was a British marine officer and colonial administrator. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 169th day of the year (170th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... â€œFremantleâ€ redirects here. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ...

[edit] Expansion beyond the Swan River

Much of the land around the Swan River Colony was unsuitable for agriculture and it was inevitable that the colony would have to expand beyond the Swan River area after the most fertile locations were quickly settled. Some highlights of the first couple of decades are below:

1829: A military outpost was founded at Bunbury.

1830: Area around Augusta settled.

1830: The first exploration over the Darling Range to search for suitable farming land occurred with the eventual settlement of Western Australia's first inland town of York in 1831. A successful sheep industry soon followed in the Avon valley.
1833: On 5 January, the first issue of the Perth Gazette is launched. This is the forerunner to The West Australian newspaper.
1833: Relations between the Europeans and Aborigines were not always amicable with many intercultural skirmishes. Yagan, a senior warrior of the local Aboriginal tribe near the Swan River was killed on 11 July of this year after a bounty was issued for his capture following the murder of a couple of settlers.

1834: Battle of Pinjarra (aka Pinjarra Massacre): This was the worst intercultural battle, happening on 28 October. Depending on the source, the death toll ranged from 10 to 150. More information regarding this battle (including references) can be found at the List of massacres of indigenous Australians or at Pindjarup.

1837: The colony's first brewery was established at the corner of Spring Street and Mounts Bay Road in Perth.

1841: Explorer Edward John Eyre arrives in Albany walking across the Nullarbor Plain from the eastern states.

1844: A 15-year-old John Gavin was the first European legally hanged in the colony.

1848-1850: After 19 years of settlement, growth was very slow. The population of the area around Perth was still only about 1400. In 1850 the population of the state as a whole had only increased to 5,886. This population had settled mainly around the southwestern coastline at Bunbury, Augusta and Albany.^{[citation needed]}

1851: Augustus Gregory surveys the Greenough region near Geraldton and that area opens up to farming.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the city of Bunbury. ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Augusta is a town on the south-west coast of Western Australia, where the [Blackwood River] emerges into Flinders Bay. ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... York Town Hall. ... Year 1833 (MDCCCXXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1833 (MDCCCXXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Language(s) Several hundred Indigenous Australian languages (many extinct or nearly so), Australian English, Australian Aboriginal English, Torres Strait Creole, Kriol Religion(s) Primarily Christian, with minorities of other religions including various forms of Traditional belief systems based around the Dreamtime Related ethnic groups see List of Indigenous Australian group... Portrait of Yagan by George Cruikshank. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of massacres of Indigenous Australians. ... The Pindjarup or Pinjareb is the name of the Indigenous Australian group of Nyungar speakers, living in the region of South West Western Australia between Port Kennedy on the coast, north of Mandurah to Australind on the Leschenault Inlet, and between a point between Byford and Armadale on the Darling... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Edward John Eyre (5 August 1815 - 30 November 1901) was an English land explorer of the Australian continent and a controversial Governor of Jamaica. ... For the roadhouse along the Eyre Highway, see Nullarbor, South Australia NASA - Visible Earth, Nullarbor. ... Jan. ... John Gavin (1829-6 April 1844) was the first European settler to be legally executed in Western Australia. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1851 (MDCCCLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Sir Augustus Charles Gregory (1 August 1819â€“25 June 1905) was an Australian explorer. ...

[edit] Convicts

Main article: Convict era of Western Australia

At its start in 1829, the Swan River Colony had its foundations as a "free settlement". However, the initial settlers had many difficulties which compelled them to seek help from the British, in an offer to accept convicts. Western Australia therefore became a penal colony in 1850. Between then and 1868, over 9000 convicts were transported to Western Australia on 43 convict ship voyages. James Wilson, a convict transported to Western Australia in 1867 The convict era of Western Australia was the period during which Western Australia was a penal colony of the British Empire. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829. ... A penis colony is a colony used to detain prisoners and generally use them for penal labor in an economically underdeveloped part of the states (usually colonial) territories, and on a far larger scale than a prison farm. ... For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Hougoumont was the last ship to transport convicts to Western Australia. ...

[edit] Late nineteenth century

Sheep farming was the most successful early agricultural activity, becoming quite productive in the Avon Valley in the 1830s. It spread to the Pilbara in the 1860s; the Murchison and Gascoyne were settled during the 1870s.

Some more notable events that occurred later in the nineteenth century are below:

1877: The telegraph from Adelaide to Perth completed considerably improving intracontinental communication
1883: Durack family settle around the Ord River in the East Kimberley.
1885: Australian rules football, became the dominant football code when several local rugby football clubs switch codes. Before then AFL and rugby were equally prevalent. For more information see West Australian Football League.

The first gold discovery in Western Australia was at Halls Creek in 1885. This gold rush was short lived though with further discoveries soon at other locations culminating in the major discoveries at Coolgardie in 1892 and Kalgoorlie in 1893 (see section below). 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... Year 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... High marking is a key skill and spectacular attribute of Australian rules football Precise field and goal kicking using the oval shaped ball is the key skill in Australian rules football Australian rules football, also known as Australian football, Aussie rules, or simply football or footy is a code of... The West Australian Football League (WAFL) (pronounced waffle) is the premier state based Australian rules football league in Western Australia. ... Halls Creek (population 2005 1300) is a small town situated in the East Kimberley of Western Australia. ...

1887: On 22 April, a cyclone struck the pearling fleet at Ninety Mile Beach near Broome claiming 140 lives. The storm was unexpected, being so late in the season. ^[2]
1889: The Great Southern Railway is opened with subsequent economical growth to the regions along the line. The wheat industry did not really get going until construction of railways. A railway line had reached Coolgardie (from Perth) by 1896.
1895: Kings Park is officially opened on the 10th August
1897: Fremantle Harbour is officially opened after blasting of the rocky sandbar across the Swan River mouth and dredging under the guidance of C. Y. O'Connor.

1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Broome is a pearling and tourist town in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, 2200 km north of Perth. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Transport in Australia is a highly significant part of the infrastructure of the Australian economy, since the distances are large and the country has a relatively low population density. ... Year 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Lemon-scented gums along Fraser Avenue, Kings Park Kings Park (, ) is a natural bushland park located in Perth, Western Australia. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... C. Y. OConnor (11 January 1843 â€“ 10 March 1902), full name Charles Yelverton OConnor, was an Irish engineer who is best-known for his work in Australia, especially the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme. ...

[edit] Inland Exploration

The early explorers opened up the inland but they were not followed by eager developers because all they found was desert. This article is about arid terrain. ...

Notable explorers of the interior were:

George Edward Grey explored the northern coastline and Gascoyne River area and Kalbarri around 1837
Edward John Eyre was the first European to traverse the coastline of the Great Australian Bight and the Nullarbor Plain by land in 1840-41
Augustus Gregory and Francis Thomas Gregory carried out extensive explorations along the continent's western coastline and hinterland in the 1840s and 1850s
John Forrest led three expeditions from 1869 to 1874. In 1869, he led a fruitless search for the explorer Ludwig Leichhardt, in the desert west of present-day Leonora. The following year, he surveyed Edward John Eyre's land route from Perth to Adelaide. In 1874, he led a party to the watershed of the Murchison River, and then east through the unknown desert centre of Western Australia. He became Western Australia's first Premier in 1890.
Peter Egerton Warburton who made a journey from Alice Springs to the Western Australian coast in 1872
Ernest Giles twice traversed the Gibson Desert between 1872 and 1876
David Carnegie led an expedition in 1896 from Coolgardie through the Gibson and Great Sandy Deserts to Halls Creek, and then back again.

George Edward Grey Statue of Sir George Grey in Albert Park, Auckland For other men with a similar name, see George Grey or George Gray Sir George Edward Grey KCB (April 14, 1812â€“September 19, 1898) was a soldier, explorer, Governor of South Australia, twice Governor of New Zealand, Governor... At 760km, the Gascoyne River is the longest river in Western Australia. ... Kalbarri river mouth at sunset. ... Edward John Eyre (5 August 1815 - 30 November 1901) was an English land explorer of the Australian continent and a controversial Governor of Jamaica. ... The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay, encompassing an area of the Southern Ocean located off the central and western portions of the southern coastline of mainland Australia. ... For the roadhouse along the Eyre Highway, see Nullarbor, South Australia NASA - Visible Earth, Nullarbor. ... Sir Augustus Charles Gregory (1 August 1819â€“25 June 1905) was an Australian explorer. ... Francis Thomas Gregory (1821 - 1888) younger brother of Augustus Gregory was born at Farnsfield, Nottingham, England. ... // First use of general anesthesia in an operation, by Crawford Long The first electrical telegraph sent by Samuel Morse on May 24, 1844 from Baltimore to Washington, D.C.. First signing of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Tiriti o Waitangi) on February 6, 1840 at Waitangi, Northland New Zealand. ... // Production of steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman fractionates petroleum by distillation for the first time First transatlantic telegraph cable laid First safety elevator installed by Elisha Otis Railroads begin to supplant canals in the United States as a primary means of transporting goods. ... John Forrest, 1898 John Forrest, 1st Baron Forrest of Bunbury GCMG PC (22 August 1847â€“2 September 1918) was an Australian explorer, the first Premier of Western Australia and a cabinet minister in Australias first federal parliament. ... Portrait of Ludwig Leichhardt Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt (October 23, 1813 - 1848?) was a Prussian explorer and naturalist. ... Leonora is a town in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... John Forrest, the first Premier of Western Australia The Premier of Western Australia is the head of the executive government in the Australian State of Western Australia. ... Colonel Peter Egerton Warburton (born August 16, 1813 in Cheshire, England, died November 5, 1889 in Adelaide, South Australia) was an English explorer who made one particularly daring expedition from Adelaide to cross the centre of Australia to the coast of Western Australia via Alice Springs in 1872. ... Alice Springs on a large scale map Alice Springs is a large town in the Northern Territory of Australia located at 23°42′ S 133°52′ E. Its population of 28,178 (2001 Census) makes it the second-largest settlement in the Territory (the only other towns of significant size... William Ernest Powell Giles (7 July 1835 â€“ 13 November 1897), best known as Ernest Giles, was an Australian explorer who led three major expeditions in central Australia. ... A four wheel drive in the Gibson Desert The Gibson Desert is a Western Australian desert made up of sandhills and dry grass. ... David Wynford Carnegie The Hon. ... Coolgardie Town Hall Coolgardie (30Â°57â€² S 121Â°09â€² E) is a small town in the Australian state of Western Australia, 558 km east of the state capital, Perth. ... A four wheel drive in the Gibson Desert The Gibson Desert is a Western Australian desert made up of sandhills and dry grass. ... Location of deserts in Australia This article is about the Australian desert. ... Halls Creek (population 2005 1300) is a small town situated in the East Kimberley of Western Australia. ...

[edit] Gold discovered

Until the 1870s the economy of the state was based on wheat, meat and wool. A major change in the state's fortunes occurred in the 1880s when gold was discovered and prospectors by the tens of thousands swarmed across the land in a desperate attempt to discover new goldfields. Paddy Hannan's discovery at Kalgoorlie, and the early discoveries at Coolgardie, sparked true gold fever. In 1891 the rush to the Murchison goldfields began when Tom Cue discovered gold at the town which now bears his name. In the years that followed dozens of gold towns - Day Dawn, Meekatharra, Nannine, Peak Hill, Garden Gully, Dead Finish, Pinnicles, Austin Island and Austin Mainland - grew up only to die when the seams were exhausted and the gold fever moved on. Image File history File links WA_Population_growth. ... // The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References: ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ... This article is about the food. ... For other uses, see Wool (disambiguation). ... // Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... -rhghnhgjghnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ggggggggggggggggggggu suk dik~~ ... Kalgoorlie may refer to the following geographically related places: Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, a city and council in Western Australia; Division of Kalgoorlie, a federal division of the Australian House of Representatives located around the geographical area; Electoral district of Kalgoorlie, an electoral district of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. ... Coolgardie (30Â°57â€² S 121Â°09â€² E) is a small town in the Australian state of Western Australia, 558 km east of the state capital, Perth. ... For other meanings, see Gold rush (disambiguation) A California Gold Rush handbill A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers into the area of a dramatic discovery of commercial quantities of gold. ... Tom Cue (1850-1920) is an gold prospector from Western Australia. ... Cue is a small town in the Mid West region of Western Australia, located 650 km north east of Perth. ... Location of Meekatharra in Western Australia (red) Meekatharra is a town of approximately 800 inhabitants. ...

The influx of miners from the eastern states and from overseas increased the presence of trade unions in Western Australia. The Trades and Labor Council, Perth was established in 1891 with Perth Trades Hall opened in 1912. The first edition of the Westralian Worker appeared on September 7, 1900 and was followed shortly afterwards by the opening of the Kalgoorlie Trades Hall, the first such hall in Western Australia. A Trades Hall was opened in Fremantle in 1904. A trade union or labor union is an organization of workers. ... UnionsWA is the peak Trades and Labour Council in Western Australia. ... The Perth Trades Hall is the Trades Hall building in Perth used by the Western Australian trade union movement for meetings, offices, social and educational events, and the location of the Trades and Labour Council (TLC), now known as the UnionsWA. Although the Trades and Labour Council, Perth was established... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... Kalgoorlie may refer to the following geographically related places: Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, a city and council in Western Australia; Division of Kalgoorlie, a federal division of the Australian House of Representatives located around the geographical area; Electoral district of Kalgoorlie, an electoral district of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. ... Trades Hall is a building in the suburb of Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ...

In the late nineteenth century there was talk of the gold-rich regions around Kalgoorlie leaving the colony of Western Australia and becoming a state called Auralia if Western Australia did not join the Commonwealth. Map showing the proposed boundaries of Auralia Auralia was a proposed state that would have been formed out of the south eastern portion of the colony of Western Australia in the early twentieth century [1], and would have joined the newly-formed Commonwealth of Australia. ...

[edit] Governance

Main article: Western Australian Legislative Council

As Lieutenant Governor, Stirling had sole authority to draft laws and decide day-to-day affairs. In 1832 he appointed a Legislative Council of four government officials to assist him, and in 1839, four appointed colonists were added. The Legislative Council, or upper house, is one of the two chambers of parliament in the Australian state of Western Australia. ... Flag of the Governor of Western Australia The Governor of Western Australia is the representative in Western Australia of Australias head of state, Queen Elizabeth II. The Governor performs important constitutional, ceremonial and community functions, including: presiding over the Executive Council; proroguing and dissolving the Legislative Assembly and the... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

By 1859, all the other Australian colonies had their own parliaments and colonists in Western Australia began pushing for the right to govern themselves. The British Colonial Office opposed this because of the slow rate of growth and the presence by then of convicts. Petitions asking for some of the positions in the Legislative Council to be filled by popularly elected colonists were presented to London in 1865 and 1869. In 1870 this was granted, although the Governor could still veto the Councils decisions. Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Secretary of State for the Colonies or Colonial Secretary was the British Cabinet official in charge of managing the various British colonies. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

In 1887 a new constitution including the right of self-governance was drafted and sent to London by Governor Broome for approval. It was argued that due to the increasing wealth which was being generated by gold rushes, Western Australia deserved self government. The Act granting self-government was passed by the House of Commons and assented to by Queen Victoria in 1890, giving complete autonomy in matters with the exception of Section 70 of the Act which established an Aboriginal Protection Board, under the control of the British Parliament, not the Western Australian one. Governor Broome had earlier warned the British Colonial Office that the Western Australians were not to be trusted in matters relating to Aboriginal persons. A further clause to the constitution stated that 5,000 pounds or one percent of state revenues, whichever was the greater, was to be allocated to Aboriginal persons for their welfare and advancement. Western Australians resented these clauses, and Western Australia has never honoured this clause to its own constitution. A previous Governor, Sir William Robinson, was re-appointed to supervise the change. He travelled by train from Albany to Perth and towns en route lit bonfires and people gathered at railway sidings to celebrate his arrival and the new constitution. His arrival in Perth on October 21 1890 saw the city decorated with elaborate floral arches spanning the city's main streets and buildings were decked with banners and flags. John Forrest, who had argued Western Australians should accept Section 70 in order to obtain self government, attempted to have them changed by 1892. William Traylen MP argued that "as our revenue is growing up now, and the natives can scarcely be said to be increasing in numbers, we shall be paying a very undue proportion of our income as a colony for the purpose of supporting the Aboriginal native race". For years Sir John Forrest fought with Robinson over Section 70 and Western Australia unilaterally passed the 1899 Constitution Amendment Act, taking control of Aboriginal Affairs without approval of the British House of Commons. Sir Frederick Napier Broome was Governor of Western Australia from 1883 to 1889. ... Type Lower House Speaker Michael Martin, (Non-affiliated) since October 23, 2000 Leader Harriet Harman, (Labour) since June 28, 2007 Shadow Leader Theresa May, (Conservative) since May 5, 2005 Members 659 Political groups Labour Party Conservative Party Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Plaid Cymru Democratic Unionist Party Sinn FÃ©in... Queen Victoria redirects here. ... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... Sir William Cleaver Francis Robinson was Governor of Western Australia from 1875 to 1877, from 1880 to 1883 and from 1890 to 1895. ... Albany, (IPA: }, is the largest regional city in WA situated on the south coast of Western Australia south-southeast of Perth. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Today a group of Aboriginal elders from the Kimberley, is arguing before the Supreme Court that the 1899 amendment was an illegal usurpation of British government power and one percent of accumulated Government revenues should be set aside for Aboriginal welfare as intended.

[edit] Federation

Main article: Federation of Australia

On January 1, 1901, Western Australia, along with the other five British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria formed the federation of the Commonwealth of Australia, of which they each became component states. The federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed a federation. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... A map displaying todays federations. ... Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is the sixth-largest country in the world, the only country to occupy an entire continent, and the largest in the region of Australasia/Oceania. ...

[edit] Indigenous issues

Main article: Aboriginal History of Western Australia

Until 1886 dealings with "natives" in Western Australia had been the responsibility of the British Colonial Office. In 1886 an Aboriginal Protection Board was established with five members and a secretary, all of whom were nominated by the Governor. Protectors of Aborigines were appointed by the board under the conditions laid down in the Aborigines Protection Act of 1886. In theory, Protectors of Aborigines were empowered to undertake legal proceedings on behalf of Aboriginal people. As the board had very limited funds Protectors received very limited remuneration, and so a range of people were appointed as local Protectors, including Resident Magistrates, Jail Wardens, Justices of the Peace and in some cases ministers of religion, though most were local Police Inspectors. The minutes of the board show they mostly dealt with matters of requests from religious bodies for financial relief and reports from Resident or Police Magistrates pertaining to trials and convictions of Aboriginal people under their jurisdiction.^{[citation needed]} The Aboriginal History of Western Australia is the history of the indigenous inhabitants of the western third of the Australian continent, from their own

Encyclopedia > History of Western Australia

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