NationMaster - Encyclopedia: History of rail transport in Australia

Following the British model, Australians generally assumed in the 1850s that railways would be built by the private sector. Private companies built railways in the then colonies of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. The first line opened in South Australia in 1854 as a horse-drawn line, while the first steam-powered line opened in Victoria a little later in 1854. The private railways were soon found not to be financially viable, and existing rail networks and their expansion was taken over by colonial governments. This also enabled railways to be developed to promote development, even if not apparently viable in strictly financial terms. The railway systems spread from the colonial capitals, except in cases where geography dictated a choice of an alternate port. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The history of Australia began when people first migrated to the Australian continent from the north, at least 40,000-45,000 years ago. ... The prehistory of Australia is the period between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the first definitive sighting of Australia by Europeans in 1606, which may be taken as the beginning of the recent history of Australia. ... The first definite sighting of Australia by European explorers was in 1606. ... // Following the loss of the American Colonies, Britain needed to find alternative destinations that could take the population of its overcrowded prisons. ... The history of Australia from 1851 - 1900 continues Australias colonial history, the discovery of gold in 1851 which led to increased economic and political independence from Britain and a great debate about federation. ... The history of Australia from 1901 - 1945 begins with the federation of the colonies to create the Commonwealth of Australia. ... The history of Australia since 1945 has seen a move away from Britain in political, social and cultural terms to engagement with the United States and Asia. ... This is a timeline of Australian history. ... The European exploration of Australia encompasses several waves of seafarers and land explorers. ... The federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed a federation. ... This article is a brief timeline of the economic history of Australia. ... Australian immigration has a chequered history. ... The diplomatic history of Australia covers the events of Australian foreign relations. ... // Foundation and growth Governor Lachlan Macquarie In 1770 Captain James Cook sailed along the east coast of Australia, the first European to do so. ... History of Sydney stretches back to prehistoric times. ... This article describes the history of Victoria. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... The history of Queensland spans thousands of years, encompassing both a lengthy indigenous presence in the state, as well as the eventful times of post-European settlement. ... Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, is named for Sir Thomas Brisbane (1773â€“1860), British soldier and colonial administrator born in Ayrshire, Scotland. ... The human history of Western Australia spans between the first inhabitants arriving on the northwest coast about 55,000 years ago to events in the twentieth century. ... This article details the History of Perth from the first human activity in the region to the 20th century. ... The history of South Australia details from the first human activity in the region, estimated at about 20 000 years ago to the current events of the 21st century. ... Adelaide is the capital city of the Australian state of South Australia. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The first settlement in Hobart was started in 1803 as a penal colony at Risdon Cove on the eastern shores of the Derwent River, amid British concerns over the presence of French explorers. ... The History of the Australian Capital Territory details the Australian Capital Territorys development from before white settlement to Canberras planning by the Chicago architect Walter Burley Griffin and subsequent development to the present day. ... The History of Canberra details the development of the city of Canberra from the time before white settlement to Canberras planning by the Chicago architect Walter Burley Griffin and subsequent development to the present day. ... The history of the Northern Territory began over 40,000 years ago when Indigenous Australians settled the region. ... The history of Darwin has been a colourful and often tragic one; the Australian citys location has meant that it has been a victim of man-made disasters, such as World War Two and also natural ones, such as Cyclone Tracy. ... // Asia History of rail transport in India Europe Denmark France Germany Great Britain Ireland Spain Sweden North America Canada United States Oceania Australia See also History of rail transport Categories: History of rail transport ... An XPT train, used on CountryLink services, at Central railway station, Sydney. ... Modern V/Line VLocity diesel train purchased for the Regional Fast Rail project Pacific National operated freight train Heritage train in the Victorian Railways livery Rail transport in Victoria, Australia, is provided by a number of private railway operators who operate over the government owned railway lines. ... South Australia was the first colony in Australia to build a railway line. ...

The colonial railways were built to three different gauges, which became a problem once lines of different systems met at Albury, New South Wales in 1881 and Wallangarra, Queensland in 1888. In the 20th century, the lines between major cities were converted to standard gauge and electrified suburban networks were built in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth. In the second half of the 20th century, many rural branch lines were closed to passenger traffic or altogether in all states. On the other hand, long heavy-haul railways were built to transport iron ore in Western Australia and coal in Queensland to ports. Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... Wallangarra is a village on the border between Queensland and New South Wales in Australia. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 28 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $158,506 (3rd...

The development of the State networks

As originally New South Wales and Victoria had different railway gauges, this meant that all travellers in either direction had to change trains at Albury. To accommodate these changes, a very long railway platform was needed; the covered platform is one of the longest in Australia.

Australia's first steam-powered railway was a suburban line opened from Melbourne to Port Melbourne in 1854. This line and almost all subsequent Victorian lines were built to broad gauge (5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm), gauge). In the following year New South Wales opened its first line standard gauge (4 ft 8½ in (1,435 mm)) from Sydney to Granville in what is now Sydney's western suburbs. In the following year South Australia opened its first line (1600 mm gauge) from Adelaide to Port Adelaide. The three major Australian colonies at the time failed to follow advice from the British Government to adopt a uniform gauge in case the lines of the various states should ever meet. The original Irish engineer persuaded the New South Wales legislature to require that all railways in the colony be of the Irish broad gauge. Subsequently a Scots engineer persuaded the legislature to change to standard gauge. Unfortunately Victoria and South Australia had ordered broad gauge rolling-stock and refused to follow this change. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 623 KB) Summary Platform of Albury Railway Station Picture taken by AYArktos Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: History of rail transport in Australia Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 623 KB) Summary Platform of Albury Railway Station Picture taken by AYArktos Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: History of rail transport in Australia Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... Port Melbourne is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... For other uses, see Gauge. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, â€² â€“ a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, â€³ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... The dominant rail gauge in each country shown Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, â€² â€“ a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, â€³ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Granville is a major station in the CityRail network of Sydney, Australia, serving the citys South and Western lines along with the inter-city Blue Mountains Line. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... Port Adelaide station is on the suburban rail route between Adelaide and Outer Harbor, 11. ... The Politics of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland takes place in the framework of a constitutional monarchy in which the Monarch is head of state and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government. ... NSW redirects here. ...

Queensland first line (3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) feet gauge — known in Australia as "narrow gauge") from Ipswich to Bigges Camp, the first stage of a railway between Brisbane and Toowoomba, opened in 1865. This gauge was intended to save money and was subsequently followed by Tasmania and Western Australia. As a result, in the middle of the 20th century Australia had almost equal amounts of each gauge. Tasmania's first (1600 mm gauge) line opened in 1871 from Deloraine to Launceston and was converted to 1067 mm gauge in 1888. Finally, Western Australia opened its first Government-owned line in 1879 between Geraldton and Northampton. Lines spread in all the states from these first lines, connecting ports to farmland and ports. Comparison of standard gauge (blue) and one common narrow gauge (red) width. ... The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... Toowoomba (also known as the The Garden City) is a city in South East Queensland, Australia. ... Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product... Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product... Deloraine is a town on the Meander River, in the central north of Tasmania, Australia. ... Launceston is a city in the north of the state of Tasmania, Australia, population approximately 90,000 (Greater urban and 99,100 statistical division), located at the juncture of the North Esk, South Esk, and Tamar rivers. ... Location of Geraldton, Western Australia Geraldton ( ) is a city and port in Western Australia located 424 km north of Perth. ... Northampton, Western Australia, 52 km north of Geraldton, it is a quiet wheatbelt town. ...

The mainline systems of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Queensland met (albeit with three breaks of gauge) in the 1880s. Only Victoria and South Australia shared a common gauge, and even so they opted to change engines at the border. The other mainland colony, Western Australia, was isolated by 2,000 km of desert. The first break of gauge was created when the New South Wales and Victorian lines met at Albury in 1883. The railways of Victoria and South Australia meet at Serviceton in 1887, but these lines were both broad gauge. In 1888 the railways of New South Wales and Queensland meet at Wallangara. Meanwhile, in 1889, the first line (1067 mm gauge) in the Northern Territory was opened from Darwin to Pine Creek. In 1915, a seven kilometre extension of the New South Wales Railways from Queanbeyan to Canberra was opened to create the Australian Capital Territory's first and only line. Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 28 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $158,506 (3rd... With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. ... // Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... Serviceton () is a small town located near the Victorian-South Australian border, 437 kilometres north-west of Melbourne. ... Wallangarra is a village on the border between Queensland and New South Wales in Australia. ... For similar terms, see Northern Territories (disambiguation) Slogan or Nickname: The Territory, The NT, The Top End Motto(s): none Other Australian states and territories Capital Darwin Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator Ted Egan Chief Minister Clare Martin (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 2 - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2004... Port Darwin redirects here. ... Pine Creek is a town in the Katherine region of the Northern Territory, Australia. ... Queanbeyan is a city and local government area (Queanbeyan City Council) in south eastern New South Wales, Australia. ... For other uses, see Canberra (disambiguation). ... Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 2 - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006) - Product ($m) $19,167 (6th) - Product per capita $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006) - Population 333,667 (7th) - Density 137. ...

New South Wales

Further information: Rail transport in New South Wales, Railways in Sydney and CityRail

New South Wales' railways were standard gauge lines built to connect the ports of Sydney and Newcastle to the rural interior. The first railway was built from Sydney to Parramatta Junction and after two decisions to change the rail gauge, problems in raising capital and difficulties in construction, the line was opened in 1854. The Main Southern line was built in stages from Parramatta Junction to the Victorian border at Albury between 1855 and 1881 and connected to the Victorian Railways at a break-of-gauge in 1883. The standard gauge connection from Albury to Melbourne was finally completed in 1962. Meanwhile, the Main Western line was built from Parramatta Junction line to the north west of the state, reaching Bourke between 1860 and 1885. An XPT train, used on CountryLink services, at Central railway station, Sydney. ... This article is about railways in Sydney in general. ... This article is on the commuter rail network centred on Sydney, Australia. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The dominant rail gauge in each country shown Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. ... As originally New South Wales and Victoria had different railway gauges, this meant that all travellers in either direction had to change trains at Albury. ... Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... The Victorian Railways operated railways in the Australian state of Victoria from 1859 to 1983. ... With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... The Main Western Railway is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. ... Location of Bourke in New South Wales (red) Bourke is a town and Local Government Area in the north of New South Wales, Australia. ...

The Main North line was built from Newcastle to Wallangarra on the Queensland border and connecting with Queensland Railway's line to Brisbane at a break of gauge between 1857 and 1888. Sydney and Newcastle was finally connected in 1889. The shorter and single-gauge North Coast railway line between Sydney and Brisbane was completed between 1905 and 1932. An abandoned section of the Main North Line near Armidale, New South Wales. ... Wallangarra is a village on the border between Queensland and New South Wales in Australia. ... Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 28 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $158,506 (3rd... Wickham Terrace entrance to Central Station - showing Queensland Rail QR sign QR, previously known as Queensland Rail and Queensland Railways, is the corporation responsible for the operation and maintenance of the railway system in the State of Queensland, Australia. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... The North Coast Line is a primary rail route on the North Coast of New South Wales, and forms a major part of the route between Sydney and Brisbane. ... For other uses, see 1905 (disambiguation). ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The last main line, the Broken Hill line was completed to Broken Hill in 1927, connecting with the South Australian Railways at a break of gauge. In 1970, the South Australian section was standardised, completing the Sydney - Perth standard gauge link. Meanwhile branch lines proliferated over the settled east of the state, including the Illawarra line to Wollongong and Nowra completed in 1893. In 1926 work began on electrifying Sydney's urban railways and connecting them together via new lines. The Broken Hill railway line is now part of the transcontinental railway from Sydney to Perth. ... Broken Hill Post Office Broken Hill is an isolated mining city and Local Government Area (see City of Broken Hill) in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia, with a population of 21,000. ... South Australian Railways built and operated railways in South Australia from 1854 to the incorporation of its non-urban railways into the Australian National Railways Commission (ANRC) in 1975, together with the former Commonwealth Railways and the former Tasmanian Government Railways. ... The Illawarra and Eastern Suburbs Line is located in Sydney, Australia, in CityRails metropolitan and south coast network, and has two branches, one to Cronulla and the other to Waterfall. ... Wollongong is a railway station on the South Coast Line of the CityRail outer suburban network, serving the central business district of the Illawarra regions major centre of Wollongong. ... Nowra shops (Junction Street) Marriot Park Nowra is a city in the South Coast region of New South Wales. ... This article is about railways in Sydney in general. ...

Victoria

Further information: Rail transport in Victoria, and Railways in Melbourne

a V Line A70 in Melbourne Spencer Street Station in 1996

Victoria's first railway was a suburban railway opened by the Melbourne and Hobson's Bay Railway Company from Melbourne to Sandridge (now Port Melbourne) in 1854. This line and almost all subsequent lines were built to broad gauge (1600 mm). The Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company's line from Princes Bridge railway station to Punt Road (Richmond) opened in 1859. In the same year the Geelong and Melbourne Railway Company opened its line from Melbourne to Geelong. Modern V/Line VLocity diesel train purchased for the Regional Fast Rail project Pacific National operated freight train Heritage train in the Victorian Railways livery Rail transport in Victoria, Australia, is provided by a number of private railway operators who operate over the government owned railway lines. ... Melbourne, capital city of the State of Victoria, Australia, has a long history of railway development. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Melbourne and Hobsons Bay Railway Company built Australias first railway broad gauge (1600 mm) line, opened in September 1854, which ran for 4km from the Melbourne (or City) Terminus (on the site of modern day Flinders Street Station), crossing the Yarra River on the original Sandridge Bridge... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... Port Melbourne is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... For other uses, see Gauge. ... The Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company opened a line from Princes Bridge railway station in Melbourne, Australia to Punt Road (Richmond) and South Yarra in 1859, Prahran in 1859 and Windsor in 1860, connecting with the St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company line. ... THE PRINCES BRIDGE RAILWAY STATION WAS BUILT IN THE 1800S AND WAS THE TERMINUS FOR ALL EPPING LINE TRAINS.THE ORIGINAL STATION BUILDINGS WERE DEMOLISHED IN 1964 AND REPLACED WITH THE GAS AND FUEL TOWERS.THE STATION CONTINUED TO USE THE NAME PRINCES BRIDGE UNTIL 1980 WHEN IT BECAME... Richmond station Richmond station (station code: RMD) is a suburban railway station in Melbourne, Australia. ... The Geelong and Melbourne Railway Company opened a railway in 1857 from Geelong, Australia to Newport. ... This article is about the Victorian city; the name may also refer to City of Geelong or Geelong city centre. ...

Subsequently, up to 1925, Victorian Railways built new railways to connect farming and mining communities to the ports of Melbourne, Geelong and Portland. In 1862 lines reaches the great gold rush towns of Bendigo and Ballarat. In 1864 a line was opened to the Murray River port of Echuca. In 1883 the first connection with another State's rail system was made when a line was completed to the New South Wales Government Railways's station at Albury, requiring a break-of-gauge to New South Wales's standard gauge (1435mm). In 1887, Victorian Railways met South Australian Railways at Serviceton, although both systems used broad gauge. In 1888 the Gippsland line reached Bairnsdale. The next year a direct line from Melbourne to Ballarat opened, avoiding Geelong. In the early 20th century rural lines were completed to Mildura (1903) and Tocumwal (1908). The Victorian Railways operated railways in the Australian state of Victoria from 1859 to 1983. ... The city of Portland () is the oldest European settlement in what is now the state of Victoria, Australia. ... The Victorian gold rush was a period in the history of Victoria in Australia between approximately 1851 and the early 1860s. ... For the electoral division in the Australian House of Representatives, see Division of Bendigo. ... A view of Ballarat East and Eureka from Sovereign Hill. ... For other uses, see Murray River (disambiguation). ... Location of Echuca in Victoria (red) Historic Port of Echuca Echuca in Victoria (Australia) is a town of about 10,000 people situated on the Murray River (Moama is on the northern side in NSW). ... After much discussion in the young colony of New South Wales, the Sydney Railway Company was incorporated on 10 October 1849 with the aim of building a railway from Sydney to Parramatta. ... Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... South Australian Railways built and operated railways in South Australia from 1854 to the incorporation of its non-urban railways into the Australian National Railways Commission (ANRC) in 1975, together with the former Commonwealth Railways and the former Tasmanian Government Railways. ... Serviceton () is a small town located near the Victorian-South Australian border, 437 kilometres north-west of Melbourne. ... The Gippsland Railway is the general name for rail lines between Melbourne and Gippsland. ... Bairnsdale, Victoria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Mildura is a locality in northwestern Victoria, Australia. ... The Tocumwal Hotel, one of four hotels in Tocumwal. ...

In 1919, electrification and development of the Melbourne suburban lines commenced. There have been no new lines built since the 1930s, and patronage has fallen in half since 1959. Attempts to close uneconomic railways as recommended by the Lonie Report of 1980 and by Jeff Kennett's government in the 1990s have meant with considerable resistance, but nothing has been done to curb declines in patronage. Many country lines have been closed and all the lines were privatised by Kennett's government in the 1990s. Melbourne, capital city of the State of Victoria, Australia, has a long history of railway development. ... The Lonie Report, officially titled Victorian Transport Study, was a thoroughgoing study of freight and passenger transport within Victoria. ... Jeffrey Gibb Kennett AC (born 25 July 1948), Australian politician, was the 43rd Premier of Victoria (6th October, 1992 to 20th October, 1999). ... Privatization (sometimes privatisation, denationalization, or — especially in India — disinvestment) is the process of transferring property, from public ownership to private ownership. ...

In 1981, Melbourne's only underground railway, the Melbourne City Loop was opened. The main interstate links were finally standardised: Melbourne to Albury (connecting to Sydney) in 1961 and Melbourne to Adelaide in 1995. The City Loop (properly called the Melbourne Underground Rail Loop or MURL) is a railway - mostly underground, but partly surface-level and partly elevated - that encloses the central business district of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ...

Queensland

Further information: Queensland Rail and Rail transport in Queensland

The first line opened in 1865 from Ipswich to Grandchester, a temporary terminus in the foothills of the Darling Downs. It was built to narrow gauge (1067mm — 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)) in order to reduce costs through the steep escarpment.^[1]. This was subsequently applied to all the railways built in Queensland, except for the Brisbane-Sydney standard gauge line and the Weipa mining railway, both built in the 20th century. This was the first 1067mm railway in the world, but the gauge subsequently spread to Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, Japan, Indonesia, Southern Africa, Nigeria and Ghana among others. The line was extended from Grandchester to Toowoomba at the top of a steep climb in 1867 and was connected from Ipswich to Brisbane in 1876. From Toowoomba it was extended in stages to meet the New South Wales standard gauge line at Wallangarra in 1887 and to Charleville in outback southern Queensland in 1888. Wickham Terrace entrance to Central Station - showing Queensland Rail QR sign QR, previously known as Queensland Rail and Queensland Railways, is the corporation responsible for the operation and maintenance of the railway system in the State of Queensland, Australia. ... Rail transport in Queensland, has a long history, with the first line opening in 1865. ... The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... Grandchester is a town in the Lockyer Valley region in Queensland, Australia. ... This article is about the region of Queensland, Australia. ... The dominant rail gauge in each country shown Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Weipa (12Â°36â€²S 141Â°58â€²E), a town on the Gulf of Carpentaria coast on Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, Australia, is a mining town of approximately 3,000 people that exists because of the enormous bauxite deposits along the coast. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... For the song, see South Australia (song). ... Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Toowoomba (also known as the The Garden City) is a city in South East Queensland, Australia. ... NSW redirects here. ... Wallangarra is a village on the border between Queensland and New South Wales in Australia. ... The town of Charleville is located in South Western Queensland, Australia, 758 kilometres by road west of the state capital, Brisbane. ... For other uses, see Outback (disambiguation). ...

Independent lines were commenced from the east coast ports of Maryborough, Bundaberg, Gladstone, Rockhampton, Mackay, Bowen, Townsville, Cairns and Cooktown. The central line opened from Rockhampton to Westwood in 1887 and reached Winton in central western Queensland in 1928. The northern line opened from Townsville to Charters Towers in 1882 and reached Mount Isa in 1929. Maryborough is a city located on the Mary River in South East Queensland, Australia, approximately 300 kilometres north of the state capital, Brisbane. ... For the Bundaberg Distillery, see Bundaberg Rum. ... For other uses, see Gladstone (disambiguation). ... Rockhampton, sometimes abbreviated to Rocky, is a city in Central Queensland, Australia, located 42 kilometres (26 mi) inland from the Capricorn Coast on the Bruce Highway, approximately 640 kilometres (398 mi) north of Queenslands capital city, Brisbane. ... Mackay (, pop. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... â€Ž The Strand CBD from Museum of Tropical Queensland, features Castle Hill in background Townsville (Postcodes: 4810-4819) is an urban centre on the north-eastern coast of Australia, in the state of Queensland. ... Cairns redirects here. ... Cooktown is the northernmost town on the East coast of Australia, located at the mouth of the Endeavour River, on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia. ... The township of Westwood is located in Central Queensland, Australia, approximately 50 kilometres west of the city of Rockhampton. ... Location of Winton in Queensland (red) Winton is a town and Local Government Area in central west Queensland, Australia, located 177 kilometres northwest of Longreach. ... Charters Towers is a city in northern Queensland, Australia. ... Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia Mount Isa is a city in North-West Queensland, Australia. ...

In 1888 the east-west lines began to be connected with the opening of the first section of the North Coast line to Petrie. It was not until 1924 that this line finally reached Cairns — Cooktown was never connected. The North Coast railway line is a primary railway line in Queensland, Australia. ... Petrie station is a railway station on the Caboolture line of Brisbane, Australia. ...

The interstate standard gauge line completed as far as Grafton, New South Wales in 1930 and Sydney in 1932. A mixed-gauge freight-only branch of this line was opened to the Port of Brisbane in 1995. </ref> | est = 1851 | elevation = 5 | maxtemp = 25. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Port of Brisbane is the shipping port of Brisbane, Australia. ...

Many heavy haul coal lines were built in the late 20th century from the ports of Gladstone (beginning in 1968) and Hay Point (beginning in 1971). Electrification of some of the heavy haul coal lines commenced in 1986. Hay Point is located approximately 40 kilometres south of the city of Mackay, Queensland, Australia. ...

Finally an electrified rail system was developed in suburban Brisbane from 1979. Eventually the North Coast line between Brisbane and Rockhampton was electrified. This, together with the central Queensland mining railway, constitutes Australia's only significant rural rail electrification

Western Australia

Further information: Rail transport in Western Australia and Western Australian Government Railways

The first railway in Western Australia was a private timber railway opens from Lockville to Yoganup, south of Perth. In 1879, Western Australian Government Railways opened a 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge to connect the copper mine at Northampton and the port of Geraldton. Subsequently lines also developed from the ports of Fremantle (the port of Perth), Bunbury, Albany and Esperance, mainly for carrying grain and minerals. Railways in Western Australia were developed in the 19th century mainly by the Government of Western Australia. ... Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) was the earlier name for the current Public Transport Authority (PTA) of Western Australia, an arm of the Government of Western Australia. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) was the earlier name for the current Public Transport Authority (PTA) of Western Australia, an arm of the Government of Western Australia. ... The dominant rail gauge in each country shown Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. ... Northampton, Western Australia, 52 km north of Geraldton, it is a quiet wheatbelt town. ... Location of Geraldton, Western Australia Geraldton ( ) is a city and port in Western Australia located 424 km north of Perth. ... â€œFremantleâ€ redirects here. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... This article is about the city of Bunbury. ... Albany, (IPA: }, is the largest regional city in WA situated on the south coast of Western Australia south-southeast of Perth. ... Esperance is a town in Western Australia, located on the south coast around half-way between Albany and the South Australian border. ...

The line between Fremantle, Perth and Guildford (about 15km further east) was opened in 1881. In 1893, Perth was connected to the port of Bunbury, 175 kilometres south of Perth. In the following year the Midland Railway Company opened a line from Perth to Walkaway, which connected with the Government line to Geraldton, 424 km north of Perth. In 1896, the railway connected Perth to Kalgoorlie, where gold had been discovered in 1893. Fremantle Train Station, is a Transperth train station 18. ... East Guildford Train Station, is a Transperth train station 12. ... This article is about the city of Bunbury. ... The Midland Railway Company was a private railway built on the land-selection principle that ran from Midland Junction near the capital city of Perth, Western Australia to a location south of the port of Geraldton. ... Walkaway - a corruption of the native Wagga wah - referring to the bend in the nearby Greenough River, was the name given to the railway station when a line was built from Geraldton in 1887. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ...

In the 20th century, Perth was finally connected to the eastern states. In 1917, the standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway connected eastern Australia with the narrow gauge network at Kalgoorlie. In 1966, a new mixed standard and narrow gauge Eastern Railway route was completed through the Avon Valley, east of Perth. Finally, in 1968, the Kalgoorlie to Perth standard gauge line was opened. Looking east on the Trans-Australia Railway from Cook, South Australia The Trans-Australian Railway crosses the Nullarbor Plain from Port Augusta in South Australia to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia and contains the longest straight stretch of track in the world. ...

The rationalisation of non-paying branch lines started in 1957, with the closure of many lines.

Commencing in the 1960s, a number of long distance heavy-haul railways have been built in the Pilbara region by major iron mining companies, particularly BHP Billiton and Hamersley Iron. New lines are still being built in this area, particularly to supply the booming Chinese market. The Pilbara is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. ... Billiton redirects here. ... Hamersley Iron 20 class locomotive at 7 Mile Yard, Dampier, Western Australia. ... The economies of the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau are separate from the rest of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

In 1986, the electrification of Perth suburban lines with a 25 kV AC overhead power supply commenced. The longest new line is currently under construction to Mandurah and is due to be opened in July 2007. Transperth Trains is a statutory authority created under the Perth Government Railways Act 1904 (as amended) to manage the train systems in Perth, Western Australia. ... 25 kV AC is one of the most common voltages used for railway electrification, usually at 50 Hz or 60 Hz depending on that countrys normal mains frequency. ... Transperth Railway Lines Armadale / Thornlie Fremantle Joondalup Mandurah Midland List of Transperth stations Mandurah Line is a suburban railway line currently under construction in Perth, Australia. ...

South Australia

For more details on this topic, see Rail transport in South Australia.

South Australia was the first colony in Australia to build a railway line. It was a horse-drawn tramway from the port of Goolwa on the Murray River to an ocean harbour at Port Elliot in 1854. It was later extended to a safer harbour at Victor Harbor. The first South Australian steam-operated line was built as a broad gauge (1600 mm) line in 1856 between the city and Port Adelaide stopping at Bowden, Woodville and Alberton. Gradually, a network of lines spread out from Adelaide, Port Wakefield, Wallaroo, Port Broughton, Port Augusta, Kingston SE, Beachport, Whyalla, Port Pirie and Port Lincoln. Some of these were built initially to carry ore, particularly copper. They later carried freight from the Murray River and grain from the broadacre lands. South Australia was the first colony in Australia to build a railway line. ... For the song, see South Australia (song). ... This article refers to public transport vehicles running on rails. ... Goolwa is a historic river port on the River Murray near the Murray Mouth in South Australia, , and joined by a bridge to Hindmarsh Island. ... For other uses, see Murray River (disambiguation). ... Port Elliot (35Â°31â€² S 138Â°40â€² E) is a town in South Australia on the eastern end of the south coast of the Fleurieu Peninsula. ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Rosetta Head, colloquially known as The Bluff, is one of the popular tourist attractions in the town. ... Victorian broad gauge is the gauge used in the Australian state of Victoria and is 5-3 (1600 mm). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Port Adelaide station is on the suburban rail route between Adelaide and Outer Harbor, 11. ... Port Wakefield is the first government town to be established north of capital Adelaide in South Australia. ... Wallaroo () is a port town on the western side of Yorke Peninsula in South Australia. ... Port Broughton is a small South Australian town located on the Yorke Peninsula on the east coast of Spencer Gulf. ... Port Augusta (32°29′ S 137°46′ E, population 15,250) is a town in South Australia. ... Kingston SE is approximately 297 kms South East of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. ... Beachport is a small coastal town 379 kilometres south-east of Adelaide, South Australia. ... City Plaza, Hummock Hill in the background Location of Whyalla in South Australia (red) Whyalla (33Â°02â€²S 137Â°34â€²E) is a city and port located on the east coast of the Eyre Peninsula opposite Port Pirie in South Australia. ... Port Pirie is a city located 224 kilometres north of Adelaide in South Australia. ... Port Lincoln (postcode 5606) is a city in the Australian state of South Australia. ...

All but the lines radiating from Adelaide were initially narrow (1067 mm) gauge lines. The first narrow gauge line was completed in 1870 from Port Wakefield to Hoyleton. Port Wakefield is the first government town to be established north of capital Adelaide in South Australia. ...

The first interstate connection was completed in 1887, when the South Australian and Victorian broad gauge railways met at Serviceton, Victoria. In 1888 a narrow gauge line was opened from Port Pirie to Broken Hill, New South Wales, with a connection at Peterborough to Adelaide. In 1927, this became an interstate link with the opening of the final leg of the Sydney - Broken Hill standard gauge line between Trida and Menindee. Serviceton () is a small town located near the Victorian-South Australian border, 437 kilometres north-west of Melbourne. ... Port Pirie is a city located 224 kilometres north of Adelaide in South Australia. ... Broken Hill Post Office Broken Hill is an isolated mining city and Local Government Area (see City of Broken Hill) in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia, with a population of 21,000. ... Peterborough is a town in the mid north of South Australia, in wheat country. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Trida is a locality in Central Darling Shire in the Far West region of New South Wales, Australia. ... Menindee is a small town in the far west of New South Wales, Australia. ...

The broad gauge line was completed from Adelaide to Terowie in 1880. The line north of Terowie was built as a narrow gauge line in stages to Peterborough in 1881, Quorn in 1882 and Oodnadatta in 1891. This was extended to Alice Springs by Commonwealth Railways in 1929, when it was renamed the Central Australia Railway. Terowie is small town in the north of South Australia (33°09′ S 138°55′ E, 220 km north of Adelaide) whose main raison detre was to serve as a transshipment point at the railway break-of-gauge. ... Quorn (32Â° 20â€² S, 138Â° 02â€² E, pop ~1400) is a township and railhead in the Flinders Ranges in the north of South Australia, 39 km northeast of Port Augusta. ... Oodnadatta, South Australia (27Â°32â€² S 135Â°26â€² E) is located in the heart of the desert 112 m above sea level, 1,011 km north of Adelaide. ... Aerial, Alice Springs Alice Springs Landsat image Alice Springs is a town and the second largest centre in the Northern Territory of Australia. ... The Commonwealth Railways were estabished in 1912, as part of a government department, currently called the Department of Transport and Regional Services, by the Government of Australia to construct the Trans-Australian Railway and the proposed Port Augusta to Darwin railway. ...

The first standard gauge line in South Australia, Trans-Australian Railway, was completed in 1917 between Port Augusta and Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, requiring break-of-gauges at Terowie, Port Augusta and Kalgoorlie to reach Perth. This line was extended to Port Pirie in 1937 and the broad gauge line from Adelaide to Redhill was extended to Port Pirie, removing one break-of gauge. In 1970 the Port Pirie to Broken Hill standard gauge line was opened, completing the Sydney - Perth link. In 1982 Adelaide was connected to the standard gauge network at Crystal Brook, South Australia, near Port Pirie. Looking east on the Trans-Australia Railway from Cook, South Australia The Trans-Australian Railway crosses the Nullarbor Plain from Port Augusta in South Australia to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia and contains the longest straight stretch of track in the world. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ... Redhill (), postcode 5521, is a town in the Mid North of South Australia. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... Crystal Brook (33°21′ S 138°12′ E) is named for (the stream) that passes through the town. ...

Meanwhile in 1980 the Tarcoola, South Australia to Alice Springs standard gauge railway was opened, replacing the narrow gauge line via Oodnadatta. It was extended to Darwin in 2003. In 1995 the Adelaide to Melbourne standard gauge railway was opened, completing the connections between the mainland capitals. Tarcoola (30Â°42Â´S 134Â°34Â´E, postcode 5710, altitude 204 m) is a town in the Far North of South Australia 416 km north-northwest of Port Augusta. ... Alice Springs on a large scale map Alice Springs is a large town in the Northern Territory of Australia located at 23°42′ S 133°52′ E. Its population of 28,178 (2001 Census) makes it the second-largest settlement in the Territory (the only other towns of... Port Darwin redirects here. ...

Tasmania

For more details on this topic, see Rail transport in Tasmania.

The first railway in Tasmania was a broad gauge (1600 mm) line opened between Deloraine and Launceston in 1871 by the Launceston and Western Railway. It quickly went bankrupt and was effectively taken over by the Tasmanian Government in 1872. In 1876 the Tasmanian Main Line Company opened a narrow gauge (1067 mm) line from Hobart to Evandale (near Launceston), connecting with an extension of the Launceston and Western line at a break-of-gauge. Further gauge confusion was added in 1885 when the Tasmanian Government built a narrow gauge line west of Deloraine to Devonport. This was resolved in 1888 by the conversion of the Launceston–Deloraine line to narrow gauge. Rail transport in Tasmania consists a network of narrow gauge track, reaching virtually all cities and major towns in the state of Tasmania, Australia. ... The dominant rail gauge in each country shown Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. ... Deloraine is a town on the Meander River, in the central north of Tasmania, Australia. ... Launceston is a city in the north of the state of Tasmania, Australia, population approximately 90,000 (Greater urban and 99,100 statistical division), located at the juncture of the North Esk, South Esk, and Tamar rivers. ... The Launceston and Western Railway was a private railway that opened a broad gauge (1600 mm) railway line between Deloraine and Launceston in 1871. ... The Tasmanian Main Line Company was a private railway that opened a narrow gauge (1067 mm) line from Hobart to Evandale, near Launceston, where it connected with the Launceston and Western Railway. ... For other places and things named Hobart, see Hobart (disambiguation). ... Evandale is a small town in northern Tasmania, Australia. ... With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. ... Devonport City Council shown in green in map of Tasmania Devonport is a city in the north-west of Tasmania, Australia, at the mouth of the Mersey River. ...

The Tasmanian Government bought the Tasmanian Main Line Company in 1890, creating the Tasmanian Government Railways. In 1901 the line to Devonport line was extended to Burnie, connecting with the Emu Bay Railway's line to Zeehan. Other branches were built but the Tasmanian system has always been small and unprofitable. It currently carries no regular passenger services and its freight services are not profitable without subsidies for the maintenance and upgrading of its infrastructure, which is currently controlled by Pacific National. The Tasmanian Government Railways were absorbed into the Australian National Railways Commission, established by the Whitlam Government in 1975, along with the former Commonwealth Railways, the the non-urban railways of South Australia. ... Burnie is a port city on the north-west coast of Tasmania, originally settled in 1827 as Emu Bay. ... Emu Bay Railway One of Australias important private railways, it ran from Zeehan to Burnie, carrying minerals and passengers as an essential service for the West Coast Tasmania community. ... Municipality of West Coast Local Government Areas of Tasmania Categories: Tasmanian towns | Stub ... NR Locomotive Pacific National is one of Australias largest private rail freight businesses. ...

Off network gauges

Off the networks constructed by the various government railways, there have been a variety of rail gauges:

Cane tramways, mainly in Queensland are 2 ft 0 in (610 mm), but these carry very little through traffic so that the break-of-gauge is not a problem.
Victoria had four short 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) lines for general traffic
Private timber tramways used a variety of gauges
Private, isolated and heavy duty iron ore mining railways all use the standard gauge of 4 ft 8½ in (1,435 mm)
Temporary lines at construction sites, such as the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge railways used for the development of the national capital at Canberra between 1913 and 1927, including the original Parliament House

With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, â€² â€“ a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, â€³ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... For other uses, see Canberra (disambiguation). ... Old Parliament House today Opening of Parliament House in May 1927 Old Parliament House, formerly known as the Provisional Parliament House, was the seat of the Parliament of Australia from 1927 to 1988. ...

Development of the national network

In the 19th Century, railways were created to enable agricultural and minerals traffic to be carried to ports for export, and to allow passenger and freight operations between colonial capitals and regional areas. Coastal shipping handled most passenger and freight traffic between the colonies. However, the problem of different gauges became apparent with the meeting of lines of the different systems at Albury in 1881 and Wallangarra in 1888.

In the 1890s, the establishment of an Australian Federation from the six colonies was debated. One of the points of discussion was the extent that railways would be a federal responsibility. A vote to make it so was lost narrowly, instead the new constitution allows "the acquisition, with the consent of a State, of any railways of the State on terms arranged between the Commonwealth and the State" (Section 51 xxxiii) and "railway construction and extension in any State with the consent of that State" (Section 51 xxxiv). However, the Australian Government is free to provide funding to the states for rail upgrading projects under Section 96 ("the Parliament may grant financial assistance to any State on such terms and conditions as the Parliament thinks fit"). The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the Mauve Decade, because William Henry Perkins aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that colour in fashion, and also as the Gay Nineties, under the then-current usage of the word gay which referred simply to merriment and frivolity, with no... The federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed a federation. ... Judicial High Court Lower Courts Constitution State and territory governments Executive Governors and Administrators Premiers and Chief Ministers Legislative Parliaments and Assemblies State electoral systems ACT - NSW - NT - Qld. ... Section 51 of the Australian Constitution grants legislative powers to the Australian (Commonwealth) Parliament. ... The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ...

The Australian Government has full responsibility for railways in the federal territories, although the Northern Territory's railway is now owned and operated by the private AustralAsia Rail Corporation and the only railway in the Australian Capital Territory, the Canberra-Queanbeyan railway is now operated by the Rail Corporation New South Wales. The AustralAsia Railway Corporation was established in 1997 by the Government of the Northern Territory to build the Darwin - Alice Springs railway. ... Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 2 - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006) - Product ($m) $19,167 (6th) - Product per capita $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006) - Population 333,667 (7th) - Density 137. ... For other uses, see Canberra (disambiguation). ... The town of Queanbeyan in New South Wales, Australia is overshadowed by its proximity to the Australian federal capital city of Canberra. ... Rail Corporation New South Wales (RailCorp) is a wholly owned corporation of the government of New South Wales, Australia. ...

In 1910, a conference of Railway commissioners chose 4 ft 8½ in (1,435 mm) to be the standard gauge. Over the decades, many plans were floated to fix the break of gauge. These failed, mainly because they were too ambitious and proposed to convert all lines, even lines of little economic value. Year 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, â€² â€“ a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, â€³ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ...

Creating a standard gauge network

In the 20th century, the different state rail systems became more integrated, initially creating more breaks of gauge. In 1917, the Federal Government's standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway was completed between Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and Port Augusta, South Australia. However, this required a break of gauge at Kalgoorlie to reach Perth and breaks of gauge at both Port Augusta and Terowie to reach Adelaide. In 1927, the last section of the Sydney–Broken Hill line was completed meeting the South Australian Railways line at a break of gauge and requiring a further break of gauge at Terowie to reach Adelaide. With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. ... The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ... Looking east on the Trans-Australia Railway from Cook, South Australia The Trans-Australian Railway crosses the Nullarbor Plain from Port Augusta in South Australia to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia and contains the longest straight stretch of track in the world. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ... Port Augusta (32°29′ S 137°46′ E, population 15,250) is a town in South Australia. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... The Broken Hill railway line is now part of the transcontinental railway from Sydney to Perth. ... South Australian Railways built and operated railways in South Australia from 1854 to the incorporation of its non-urban railways into the Australian National Railways Commission (ANRC) in 1975, together with the former Commonwealth Railways and the former Tasmanian Government Railways. ...

The Grafton Bridge over the Clarence River showing Bascule span lifted to let shipping through. (Postcard from about 1932; The "Southern Cross" aeroplane has been added to the photograph.)

In 1932 the first progress in reducing the gauge conflict was made with the completion of the standard gauge North Coast line from Sydney to Brisbane with the opening of a bridge at Grafton. In 1937 the Trans-Australian Railway was extended to Port Pirie and the broad gauge railway from Adelaide to Redhill was extended to Port Pirie, reducing one break of gauge between Adelaide and Perth, but creating a three-gauge railway station, until the standadisation of the line to Broken Hill and the Adelaide-Crystal Brook line. Image File history File links GraftonBasculeBridgeSpanLiftingCirca1932. ... Image File history File links GraftonBasculeBridgeSpanLiftingCirca1932. ... The Clarence River is situated in northeastern New South Wales, Australia. ... Salmon Bay Bridge, Seattle, USA; a single leaf through truss with an above-deck counterweight A bascule bridge is a drawbridge with a counterweight that continuously balances the span, or leaf, throughout the entire upward swing in providing clearance for boat traffic. ... The Southern Cross at an RAAF base near Canberra in 1943. ... The North Coast Line is a primary rail route on the North Coast of New South Wales, and forms a major part of the route between Sydney and Brisbane. ... </ref> | est = 1851 | elevation = 5 | maxtemp = 25. ... Looking east on the Trans-Australia Railway from Cook, South Australia The Trans-Australian Railway crosses the Nullarbor Plain from Port Augusta in South Australia to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia and contains the longest straight stretch of track in the world. ... Port Pirie is a city located in South Australia, Australia with a population of 15,200. ... Redhill (), postcode 5521, is a town in the Mid North of South Australia. ...

In the 1950s, a parliamentary committee chaired by William Charles Wentworth IV recommended a much more modest and affordable plan to gauge convert the three main missing links: William Wentworth For the Australian politician, see William Wentworth IV William Charles Wentworth (early 1790 â€“ 20 March 1872), Australian explorer, journalist and politician, was one of the leading figures of early colonial New South Wales. ...

Albury (Sydney) to Melbourne - standard gauge track added parallel to broad gauge (completed 1962).
Kalgoorlie to Perth - narrow gauge converted to standard (completed 1968).
Broken Hill to Port Pirie - narrow gauge converted to standard (completed 1969).

A standard gauge line was built between Port Augusta and Whyalla in 1972. In October 1980, a new standard gauge railway was completed from Tarcoola, South Australia to Alice Springs, replacing the former narrow gauge railway. Standardisation between Adelaide and Crystal Brook, South Australia (connecting to the Sydney-Perth standard gauge line) was completed in 1982. Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... For other uses, see Gauge. ... Kalgoorlie may refer to the following geographically related places: Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, a city and council in Western Australia; Division of Kalgoorlie, a federal division of the Australian House of Representatives located around the geographical area; Electoral district of Kalgoorlie, an electoral district of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... Comparison of standard gauge (blue) and one common narrow gauge (red) width. ... Broken Hill Post Office Broken Hill is an isolated mining city and Local Government Area (see City of Broken Hill) in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia, with a population of 21,000. ... Port Pirie is a city located 224 kilometres north of Adelaide in South Australia. ... City Plaza, Hummock Hill in the background Whyalla is a city and port located on the east coast of the Eyre Peninsula opposite Port Pirie in South Australia. ... Tarcoola (30Â°42Â´S 134Â°34Â´E, postcode 5710, altitude 204 m) is a town in the Far North of South Australia 416 km north-northwest of Port Augusta. ... Alice Springs on a large scale map Alice Springs is a large town in the Northern Territory of Australia located at 23°42′ S 133°52′ E. Its population of 28,178 (2001 Census) makes it the second-largest settlement in the Territory (the only other towns of... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... Crystal Brook (33°21′ S 138°12′ E) is named for (the stream) that passes through the town. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ...

In 1962 the Albury to Melbourne standard gauge railway was opened, completing the standard gauge link between the two biggest cities, Sydney and Melbourne. In 1968 and 1969 the Kalgoorlie to Perth and the Broken Hill to Port Pirie standard gauge railway were opened completing the Sydney–Perth link. Adelaide was connected to the standard gauge network with the opening of the line to Crystal Brook, South Australia in 1982 and the Adelaide to Melbourne line was converted to standard gauge in 1995. Meanwhile, the Tarcoola, South Australia to Alice Springs standard gauge railway was opened in 1980 and extended to Darwin in 2004. Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the Northern side of the Murray River. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... Kalgoorlie may refer to the following geographically related places: Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, a city and council in Western Australia; Division of Kalgoorlie, a federal division of the Australian House of Representatives located around the geographical area; Electoral district of Kalgoorlie, an electoral district of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... Broken Hill Post Office Broken Hill is an isolated mining city and Local Government Area (see City of Broken Hill) in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia, with a population of 21,000. ... Port Pirie is a city located 224 kilometres north of Adelaide in South Australia. ... Crystal Brook (33°21′ S 138°12′ E) is named for (the stream) that passes through the town. ... Tarcoola (30Â°42Â´S 134Â°34Â´E, postcode 5710, altitude 204 m) is a town in the Far North of South Australia 416 km north-northwest of Port Augusta. ... Alice Springs on a large scale map Alice Springs is a large town in the Northern Territory of Australia located at 23°42′ S 133°52′ E. Its population of 28,178 (2001 Census) makes it the second-largest settlement in the Territory (the only other towns of...

Private Railways

There have always been niches for private railways in most colonies, such as:

mining - private iron mining railways alone now account for most Australian rail freight by tonnage, but private coal railways have been important since the ealy years of coal mining in the mid 19th century
quarrying
major factory sites, such as steel works
temporary lines at construction sites
agriculture, especially the sugar industry

Mining Railways

Starting in the 1960s, four heavy duty railways were developed in the Pilbara region of the far north of Western Australia for the haulage of iron ore from several mines to the nearest ports. These railways are isolated from each other and from the national system, carrying no other traffic. The Pilbara is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. ...

The very heavy traffic on these lines, up to 100 million tonnes per year, push wheel/rail technology to its limits, and has resulted in considerable research and development that has been of value to railways worldwide.

These iron ore railways are all 1435mm gauge, and started off using American standards for track, locomotives and wagons.

1990s and recent developments

Privatisation

In 1992, the largely Federal Government-owned National Rail Corporation took over interstate rail freight operations from the Australian National Rail Commission, and commenced operations on the interstate network. National Rail Corporation's freight operations and rolling stock (not infrastructure) were combined with the New South Wales Government-owned FreightCorp and sold to Toll Holdings and Patrick Corporation as Pacific National in 2002. The Australian Government, New South Wales and Victoria established the National Rail Corporation (NR) in 1992. ... Australian Nationals logo, used in the 1980s and 1990s The Australian National Railways Commission (ANRC) was established by the Whitlam Government in 1975, incorporating the Commonwealth Railways, the Tasmanian Government Railways and the non-urban railways of South Australia (the metropolitan Adelaide railway lines are now owned and operated... NSW redirects here. ... Toll Holdings is Australias largest transport company, with units or divisions in trucking, rail, sea and air transport. ... Patrick Corporation Ltd (ASX code: PRK) is an Australian publicly listed logistics conglomerate. ... NR Locomotive Pacific National is one of Australias largest private rail freight businesses. ...

The Australian National Rail Commission was privatised in 1997. Its Tasmanian operations and infrastructure (TasRail) were sold to Australian Transport Network Limited, which was taken over by Pacific National in 2004. South Australian branch lines were sold to Genesee and Wyoming Inc. Its passenger operations were taken over by Great Southern Railway. Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product... TasRail, formerly a subsidiary of the Australian Government owned Australian National Railways (ANR), operates the Tasmanian rail system which links all major ports and cities of Tasmania. ... The former Tasmanian Government Railways lines, which had been incorporated into Australian National as TasRail, were sold to the Australian Transport Network Limited, a partnership of Tranz Rail and Wisconsin Central Railway, when the Australian National Railways Commission was broken up in November 1997. ... The Genesee and Wyoming Railroad (AAR reporting marks GNWR) is a Class III short-line railroad which is operated by Genesee & Wyoming Inc. ... Great Southern Railway (GSR), owned by Serco Asia Pacific, is a tourism business and rail transport operator in Australia. ...

State freight and country passenger operations were privatised, except in Queensland. Urban passenger trains remained in government ownership, except in Victoria, because such services are politically sensitive and these operations could not operate profitably. Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 28 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $158,506 (3rd... VIC redirects here. ...

New train operating companies (TOC) appeared, including wheat trains operated by wheat exporting companies. At least one company (Chicago Freight Car Leasing Australia) appeared to lease locomotives and rolling stock to any TOC that wanted them. These companies include : Chicago Freight Car Leasing Australia was established in 1997 to provide lease of locomotive power and rollingstock to the Australian rail industry. ...

Licensing of personnel with nationally recognised credentials facilitates the transfer of those people from one state or operator to another, as traffic demands. Australian Railroad Group (ARG) is one of Australias largest private rail operators, operating across almost 10,000 kilometres of track and began operating in Western Australia on December 17, 2000 following its purchase of the Westrail freight business. ... Southern Shorthaul Railroad was formed in 2003. ... South Spur Rail Services (SSRS) is a Western Australian owned railroad company providing a cost effective alternative for terminal operations and short haul rail services to the rail transport industry. ... Patrick Corporation Ltd (ASX code: PRK) is an Australian publicly listed logistics conglomerate. ... Specialised Container Transport is an interstate transport company, with intermodal terminals in Melbourne, Adelaide, and Perth. ... In 2000, the AustralAsia Rail Corporation awarded the contract to build and operate the Adelaide to Darwin railway line as a Build, Own, Operate and Transfer back project to the Asia Pacific Transport Consortium, which in turn awarded the contract to FreightLink to build and operate the project. ... Silverton Rail is an Australian regional rail operator providing rail freight haulage, hook and pull, terminal and shunting services, maintenance and first response/recovery services. ...

Separation of infrastructure and operations

Construction and maintenance of network infrastructure were consolidated into non-profit government bodies, in the case of the interstate network and the non-urban railways of New South Wales (Australian Rail Track Corporation) and Western Australia (WestNet Rail). This was intended to provide access to new and existing players. Broadmeadow railway yard and ARTC Central Traffic Control The Australian Rail Track Corporation is a federal government owned corporation established in 1997 that owns, leases, maintains and control the majority of main line standard gauge railway lines on the mainland of Australia. ... WestNet Rail is the operator of approximately 5000 kilometres of railway track in Western Australia, leased from the State of Western Australia following the sale of Westrail in 2000. ...

The interstate rail network of the former Australian National Railways Commission was transferred to the newly established Australian Rail Track Corporation in 1998. In 2002, the Tarcoola-Alice Springs Line was leased to the AustralAsia Rail Corporation. The ARTC track consists of the track from Kalgoorlie to Broken Hill and Serviceton, Victoria. The ARTC also manages under lease the interstate standard gauge rail network in New South Wales and Victoria and has rights to sell access between Kalgoorlie and Kwinana to interstate rail operators under a wholesale access agreement with the Western Australian track owner and operator, WestNet Rail. It also "has a working relationship with Queensland Rail about the use of the 127 kilometres of standard gauge line between the Queensland border and Fisherman Island. ARTC intends to start discussions with Queensland about leasing this track once the NSW arrangements are bedded down".^[2] The ARTC also maintains the NSW rural branch lines under contract. Australian Nationals logo, used in the 1980s and 1990s The Australian National Railways Commission (ANRC) was established by the Whitlam Government in 1975 following a promise made before the Federal election in December 1972. ... Tarcoola (30Â°42Â´S 134Â°34Â´E, postcode 5710, altitude 204 m) is a town in the Far North of South Australia 416 km north-northwest of Port Augusta. ... Aerial, Alice Springs Alice Springs Landsat image Alice Springs is a town and the second largest centre in the Northern Territory of Australia. ... The AustralAsia Railway Corporation was established in 1997 by the Government of the Northern Territory to build the Darwin - Alice Springs railway. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ... Broken Hill Post Office Broken Hill is an isolated mining city and Local Government Area (see City of Broken Hill) in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia, with a population of 21,000. ... Serviceton () is a small town located near the Victorian-South Australian border, 437 kilometres north-west of Melbourne. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ... Kwinana is a Local Government Area of Western Australia. ... WestNet Rail is the operator of approximately 5000 kilometres of railway track in Western Australia, leased from the State of Western Australia following the sale of Westrail in 2000. ...

Other railways continue to be integrated, although access to their infrastructure is generally required under National Competition Policy principles agreed by the Federal, State and Territory governments: The term National Competition Policy refers to a set of policies introduced in Australia in the 1990s with the aim of promoting microeconomic reform. ...

Queensland - Queensland Rail
Tasmania - Pacific National
Victorian non-interstate lines - Pacific National
South Australian non-interstate lines - Australian Railroad Group
Darwin-Tarcoola Railway - FreightLink

Much maintenance of tracks were contracted out. Wickham Terrace entrance to Central Station - showing Queensland Rail QR sign QR, previously known as Queensland Rail and Queensland Railways, is the corporation responsible for the operation and maintenance of the railway system in the State of Queensland, Australia. ... NR Locomotive Pacific National is one of Australias largest private rail freight businesses. ... Australian Railroad Group (ARG) is one of Australias largest private rail operators, operating across almost 10,000 kilometres of track and began operating in Western Australia on December 17, 2000 following its purchase of the Westrail freight business. ... Route map of the Ghan Ghan carriage, 4 March 2003. ... In 2000, the AustralAsia Rail Corporation awarded the contract to build and operate the Adelaide to Darwin railway line as a Build, Own, Operate and Transfer back project to the Asia Pacific Transport Consortium, which in turn awarded the contract to FreightLink to build and operate the project. ...

Australian Government funding

While, the Australian Government has provided substantial funding for the upgrading of roads, since the 1920s, it has not regularly funded investment in railways except for its own railway, the Commonwealth Railways, which was established in 1911 to build the standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway between Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and Port Augusta, South Australia, and to take over the 1067mm gauge railways between Port Augusta and Oodnadatta (used by the old "Ghan") and the Palmerston and Pine Creek Railway. Commonwealth Railways became part of the Australian National Railways Commission in 1975, which was privatised in 1997. Although the Australian Government has considered the funding of railways owned by State Government to be a State responsibility, it has made loans to the States for gauge standardisation projects from the 1920s to the 1970s. From the 1970s to 1996, the Australian Government has provided some grant funding to the States for rail projects. The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ... The Commonwealth Railways were estabished in 1912, as part of a government department, currently called the Department of Transport and Regional Services, by the Government of Australia to construct the Trans-Australian Railway and the proposed Port Augusta to Darwin railway. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... Looking east on the Trans-Australia Railway from Cook, South Australia The Trans-Australian Railway crosses the Nullarbor Plain from Port Augusta in South Australia to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia and contains the longest straight stretch of track in the world. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ... Port Augusta (32°29′ S 137°46′ E, population 15,250) is a town in South Australia. ... Port Augusta (population 15,250) is a town in South Australia. ... Oodnadatta, South Australia, is located in the heart of the desert 112 m above sea level, 1,011 km north of Adelaide. ... Route map of the Ghan Ghan carriage, 4 March 2003. ... The Palmerston and Pine Creek Railway is a narrow gauge railway and ran from Darwin, once known as Palmerston, to Birdum, just south of Larrimah. ... Australian Nationals logo, used in the 1980s and 1990s The Australian National Railways Commission (ANRC) was established by the Whitlam Government in 1975 following a promise made before the Federal election in December 1972. ...

One Nation Program

Main article: One Nation (Infrastructure)

Under the Keating Government's One Nation program: One Nation was an Australian Government program of infrastructure development carried out Keating Government from 1991 to 1996. ... For other persons named Paul Keating, see Paul Keating (disambiguation). ...

the Adelaide to Melbourne line was converted to standard gauge in 1995.
the 1067mm gauge line to the Port of Brisbane was converted to dual 1435/1067 mm gauge and extended in parallel with the duplicated passenger line to Dutton Park.
a standard gauge link was built to the port at Fremantle, Western Australia.
new standard gauge sidings were provided at Adelaide Outer Harbor.
a separate freight line was built between Macarthur and Glenfield as the first stage of what is now known as the Southern Sydney Freight Line. Its planned extension to the Chullora - Enfield freight line near Sefton is being bult by the Australian Rail Track Corporation with funds provided by the Australian Government under AusLink.
the Sydney - Brisbane line was upgraded with longer passing loops, the replacement of wooden trestles with concrete bridges, concrete resleepering, some minor deviations and bank stabilisation.
passing loops were extended between Wodonga and Melbourne.

For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... Port of Brisbane is the shipping port of Brisbane, Australia. ... Dutton Park station is a railway station in Brisbane, Australia. ... â€œFremantleâ€ redirects here. ... Outer Harbor is an north-western suburb of Adelaide 22km from the CBD, in the state of South Australia, Australia and falls under the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. ... Macarthur railway station is located in far southern suburbs of Sydney, Australia. ... Glenfield railway station, Sydney is a junction station on the South line where the East Hills line rejoins. ... The Southern Sydney Freight Line project, a mainly single track railway is to be built from Macarthur railway station, Sydney to Sefton railway station, Sydney to separate freight trains from passenger trains. ... Chullora is a suburb in south-western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ... Enfield is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ... Sefton is a railway station on the CityRail network. ... Broadmeadow railway yard and ARTC Central Traffic Control The Australian Rail Track Corporation is a federal government owned corporation established in 1997 that owns, leases, maintains and control the majority of main line standard gauge railway lines on the mainland of Australia. ... The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ... AusLink is an Australian Government land transport funding program, established in June 2004 and administered by the Department of Transport and Regional Services. ... The North Coast Line is a primary rail route on the North Coast of New South Wales, and forms a major part of the route between Sydney and Brisbane. ... Wodonga () is a small city on the Victorian side of the border with New South Wales, 300 kilometres north-east of Melbourne, Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ...

Alice Springs to Darwin Railway

In 2004, the long awaited 1420 km Alice Springs to Darwin Railway was opened by the AustralAsia Rail Corporation with assistance from the Australian Government and the governments of South Australia and the Northern Territory. The Northern Territory expects that this railway line will open up many mining ventures that would otherwise be uneconomic without a heavy duty rail line. Route map of the Ghan Ghan carriage, 4 March 2003. ... The AustralAsia Railway Corporation was established in 1997 by the Government of the Northern Territory to build the Darwin - Alice Springs railway. ... The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ... The form of the Government of South Australia is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then. ... This article describes the national government of Australia. ...

See Rail transport in Australia for current Australian Government rail funding. Rail transport in Australia is large, comprising a total of 33,819 km (2,540 km electrified) of track. ...

References

^ QR History. Queensland Rail. Retrieved on 2006-04-27.
^ Media release, December 2003. John Anderson, Minister for Transport and Regional Services. Retrieved on 2006-04-27.

v • d • e Rail transport in Australia
By state	New South Wales • Victoria • Queensland • South Australia • Western Australia • Tasmania
By capital	Sydney • Melbourne • Brisbane • Adelaide • Perth
Stations	Sydney • Melbourne and Victoria • Brisbane and South East Queensland • Adelaide • Perth
Misc	History • Railway companies • Former railway companies

>> >> Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Hon John Anderson John Duncan Anderson (born 14 November 1956) is an Australian politician. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Rail transport in Australia is large, comprising a total of 33,819 km (2,540 km electrified) of track. ... An XPT train, used on CountryLink services, at Central railway station, Sydney. ... Modern V/Line VLocity diesel train purchased for the Regional Fast Rail project Pacific National operated freight train Heritage train in the Victorian Railways livery Rail transport in Victoria, Australia, is provided by a number of private railway operators who operate over the government owned railway lines. ... Rail transport in Queensland, has a long history, with the first line opening in 1865. ... South Australia was the first colony in Australia to build a railway line. ... Railways in Western Australia were developed in the 19th century mainly by the Government of Western Australia. ... Rail transport in Tasmania consists a network of narrow gauge track, reaching virtually all cities and major towns in the state of Tasmania, Australia. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 700 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2100 Ã— 1800 pixel, file size: 176 KB, MIME type: image/png) V1. ... This article is about railways in Sydney in general. ... Melbourne, capital city of the State of Victoria, Australia, has a long history of railway development. ... Citytrain is the name given to the extensive urban, suburban and inter-urban electric passenger railway network serving metropolitan Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. ... The rail network in Adelaide, South Australia, consists of 5 railway lines and 81 railway stations. ... Transperth Trains is a statutory authority created under the Perth Government Railways Act 1904 (as amended) to manage the train systems in Perth, Western Australia. ... This is a list of railway stations in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, operated by the Government-owned CityRail organisation. ... This is a list of the 200 currently operating suburban railway stations (216 including greater metropolitan stations) in Melbourne, Australia. ... This is a list of the currently operating Victorian regional railway stations. ... This is a list of the suburban and interurban railway stations of south-east Queensland, Australia focused around Brisbane, the capital city of Queensland. ... This is a list of the 81 suburban railway stations in Adelaide, Australia. ... Perth railway network with station names, including the Mandurah line, which is due to open in late-2007 Perth railway line and station locations This is a list of the 60 suburban railway stations in Perth, Australia. ... The railways of Australia are operated by a number of different companies, both private and government owned. ... This is a list of former railway operating companies of Australia. ...

>> >>

I'm bored. Hi Keegz!

Categories: Rail transport in Australia | History of Australia | History of rail transport by country

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