While in most other former Spanish territories, the institution of chattel slavery was usually initiated by the colonizers, Slavery in Texas was only begun in earnest by Anglo-American settlers from the Southeastern United States across the Mississippi River. While the Spanish colonists did possess a few slaves, they were never successful in the creation of a sustainable agricultural economy, as far as their sovereignty over the entirety of New Spain (including Texas, Mexico, Central America, and other former Spanish territories in the American Southwest was concerned. Motto: (Latin) Further Beyond Anthem:  1(Spanish) Royal March Capital (and largest city)  Madrid Official languages Spanish2 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Head of State Juan Carlos I (Monarch)  - Head of Government José L. Rodríguez Zapatero Formation 15th century   - Dynastic union 1516   - Unification 1469   - de facto 1716   - de jure 1812  Accession... The Buxton Memorial Fountain, celebrating the emancipation of slaves in the British Empire in 1834, London. ... Official language(s) English (de facto) See also languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 261,797 sq mi (261,797 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... See Anglo-America for the term denoting mixed English and American influence or heritage or those parts of (or groups within) America which have a tie to or which are influenced by England or simply English-speaking America. ... Regional definitions vary from source to source. ... The Mississippi River, derived from the old Ojibwe word misi-ziibi meaning great river (gichi-ziibi big river at its headwaters), is the second-longest named river in North America, with a length of 2320 miles (3733 km) from Lake Itasca to the Gulf of Mexico. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Southwest region of the United States is drier than the adjoining Midwest in weather; the population is less dense and, with strong Spanish-American and Native American components, more ethnically varied than neighboring areas. ...

However, the question of slavery became a source of contention between the Anglo-American settlers and Spanish (later Mexican) governors. Just as they feared the rise of the Anglo-American population in Texas, the governors and their superiors in Mexico City also grew distasteful towards the institution of slavery for various reasons. The Guerrero decree of 1829 conditionally abolished slavery throughout Mexican territories, further irritating relations between the two ethnicities. Nickname: Ciudad de los Palacios Location of Mexico City in central Mexico Coordinates: Country Mexico Federal entity Federal District Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded (as Tenochtitlan) c. ... Vicente Ramón Guerrero Saldaña (August 10, 1782 – February 14, 1831) was one of the leaders of Mexicos struggle for independence from Spain and an early President of Mexico. ...

After the Texas Revolution ended, Republic, and later State, of Texas retained the institution and expanded its capabilities. The Cotton industry flourished in East Texas, in which Texan slavery mostly resided. Free and runaway blacks experienced great difficulty as residents of Texas, resulting in many of them taking up Cattle herding or fleeing altogether to the Midwest, California, or southward to Mexico. Combatants Republic of Texas Mexico Commanders Stephen F. Austin Sam Houston Antonio López de Santa Anna Martin Perfecto de Cos Strength c. ... Capital Washington-on-the-Brazos, Harrisburg, Galveston, Velasco, Columbia (1836) Houston (1837–1839) Austin (1839–1845) Language(s) English (de facto) Spanish, French, German and Native American languages regionally Government Republic President1  - 1836-1838 Sam Houston  - 1838-1841 Mirabeau B. Lamar  - 1841-1844 Sam Houston  - 1844-1845 Anson Jones Vice... ... Cotton ready for harvest. ... Red counties show the core of East Texas; pink and red counties may or may not be included in East Texas, and thus their inclusion varies from source to source. ... Midwest as shown by U.S. Census Bureau official map from [3] Regional definitions vary from source to source. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...

Texas seceded from the Union in 1860, and joined the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War (also replacing the pro-Union governor, Sam Houston, in the process). The last battle of the war was fought at Palmito Ranch in 1865. 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Motto: Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God, Our Vindicator) Anthem: God Save the South (unofficial) Dixie (traditional) The Bonnie Blue Flag (popular) Capital Montgomery, Alabama (until May 29, 1861) Richmond, Virginia (May 29, 1861–April 2, 1865) Danville, Virginia (from April 3, 1865) Language(s) English (de facto) Government Republic President... This article is becoming very long. ... In politics, Governor of Texas is the title given to the chief executive of the state of Texas. ... Samuel Houston (March 2, 1793–July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman, politician and soldier. ... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders Theodore H. Barrett John Rip Ford Strength Detachments from the: 62nd U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment, 2nd Texas Cavalry Regiment, 34th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Detachments from: Gidding’s Regiment, Anderson’s Battalion of Cavalry, and other Confederate units and Southern...

In 1865, Union General Gordon Granger and over 2,000 federal troops arrived at Galveston Island to take possession of the state and enforce the two-year-old Emancipation Proclamation. There, he proclaimed his "General Order No. 3" on the balcony of Ashton Villa: Gordon Granger (November 6, 1822 – January 10, 1876) was a Union Major General during American Civil War. ... A map of Galveston Island, a barrier island on the Texas Gulf coast in the United States Galveston Island is a barrier island on the Texas Gulf coast in the United States, about 50 miles (80 kilometers) south of Houston. ... Leland-Boker Authorized Edition, printed in June 1864 with a presidential signature The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order in 1863 by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, which declared the freedom of all slaves in those areas of the rebellious Confederate States of America that...

The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor. The freedmen are advised to remain quietly at their present homes and work for wages. They are informed that they will not be allowed to collect at military posts and that they will not be supported in idleness either there or elsewhere.^[1]

The day of the announcement has been celebrated annually in Texas and multiple other states as Juneteenth. Juneteenth celebration in Austin, Texas on 19 June 1900 Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day or Emancipation Day, is an annual holiday in fourteen states of the United States. ...

References

1. ^ Juneteenth. State of Texas website. Retrieved on 2006-07-06.

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 178 days remaining. ...

External Links

• Slavery in early Texas
• FREE BLACKS, from the Handbook of Texas Online