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Category:Histria

Histria was first a Miletus colony and latter a roman town. The town of Histria was mentioned in a writing dating in the 2nd century B.C, and quoting the work of the Skymos from Chios. Eusebius from Caesarea (260 A.D) in his work translated by Hieronimus mention that the Histria was founded in 657 B.C in the time of the 33 edition of the Olimpic Games. The Town of Histria was inhabited between 680 B.C - 680 A.D Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... The lower half of the benches and the remnants of the scene building of the theater of Miletus, as it was on August 6, 2005. ...

Excavation and Layers Stratification

In Histria the archeological research has identified clasified several layers on the site: In archaeology, especially in the course of excavation, stratification is of major interest and significance. ...

• Layers
  • Archaic Layers VII-VI B.C

Apollo Sculpture Inscription

The surface of the archaic greek city was around 60ha.There are very few written sources about Histria for the archaic period. For the archaic period the history of the town the archeologic research is the main historical source. The main deity was Apollo Ietros ((The Healer)), Zeus (Gr. Polieus) was the protector deity of the city and Aphrodita was also certified by the archeological research.. The historians supose that all the six milesian tribes (gr. pylai) were represented in the colony, still only four tribes are atested: Aigikoreis, Argadeis, Boreis and Geleontes. The only clue regarding the organisation of the city is given by Aristotel in Politica, due to this text it clear that first organisation of the Histria was [[Oligarchy|. From economic point of view, the town was developed around Port related activities. This article describes the ancient classical period: for the classical period in music (second half of the 18th century): see Classical music era. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 1228 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Apollo Histria (Sinoe) Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 1228 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Apollo Histria (Sinoe) Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... A hectare (symbol ha) is a unit of area, equal to 10,000 square meters, commonly used for measuring land area. ... Lycian Apollo, early Imperial Roman copy of a fourth century Greek original (Louvre Museum) In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo (Ancient Greek , Apóllōn; or Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn), the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a bringer of death-dealing plague; as... The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Phidias created the 12-m (40-ft) tall statue of Zeus at Olympia about 435 BC. The statue was perhaps the most famous sculpture in Ancient Greece, imagined here in a 16th century engraving In Greek mythology, Zeus (in Greek: nominative: Ζεύς Zeús, genitive... Adjective Venusian or (rarely) Cytherean (*min temperature refers to cloud tops only) Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 9. ... Seaport, a painting by Claude Lorrain, 1638 The Port of Wellington at night. ...

• • • Archaic layer I 630-600 B.C

Around 600 B.C Histria was suffering first destruction.

• • • Archaic layer II 600-550 B.C

A new wall is erected most probable due to another destruction of the city.

• • • Archaic layer III 550-500 B.C

A new destruction of the city has taken place, most probable in 512 BC, when Darius I undertook a war against the Scythians.^[1].Herodotus Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC - 460s BC Events and Trends Establishment of the Roman Republic March 12, 515 BC - Construction is completed on the... Seal of Darius I, showing the king hunting on his chariot, and the symbol of Ahuramazda Darius the Great (Pers. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

• • Classical Layers V-IV B.C

During Classical period there was continuity in the cult of the Apollo Ietros;Zeus (Gr. Polieus) and Aphrodita. A new wall with a single tower was erected. During the classical period many written sources describes the political organisation of the area. The Odrysian kingdom was in fighting with the Scythians ruled by Ariapeithes and Histria was placed between the two kingdoms.Due to that, most probable, Histria town was forced to join the Delos League. In the 5th century BC these colonies were under the influence of the Delian League, passing in this period from oligarchy to democracy^[2].Politica From economic point of view during this era firs histrian coins were minted: didrahma and oboli and bronze coins. This article describes the ancient classical period: for the classical period in music (second half of the 18th century): see Classical music era. ... Lycian Apollo, early Imperial Roman copy of a fourth century Greek original (Louvre Museum) In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo (Ancient Greek , Apóllōn; or Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn), the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a bringer of death-dealing plague; as... The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Phidias created the 12-m (40-ft) tall statue of Zeus at Olympia about 435 BC. The statue was perhaps the most famous sculpture in Ancient Greece, imagined here in a 16th century engraving In Greek mythology, Zeus (in Greek: nominative: Ζεύς Zeús, genitive... Adjective Venusian or (rarely) Cytherean (*min temperature refers to cloud tops only) Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 9. ... The Odrysian kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes that endured between the 5th century BC and the 3rd century BC. It consisted of present-day Bulgaria, spreading from Romania to northern Greece and Turkey. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Delian League (Athenian Empire), right before the Peloponnesian War in 431 BC. Corcyra was not part of the League The Delian League was an association of Greek city-states in the 5th century BC. It was led by Athens. ... Oligarchy is a form of government where most or all political power effectively rests with a small segment of society (typically the most powerful, whether by wealth, family, military strength, ruthlessness, or political influence). ... A mint is a facility which manufactures coins for currency. ... The obol (plural oboli) was the currency of the Ionian Islands between 1819 and 1863. ...

• • • Classical layer I 500-425 B.C

The town was regresing in the same period of time with the Athena peloponesian wars.

• • • Classical layer II 425-350 B.C

For the second time the town was dismantled in the classical period in IV century B.C in same period of time with the fight between the Scythian king Atais and the mecedonian king Filip II ( As per Trogus Pompeius History) To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

• • Hellenistic Layers IV-I B.C

Grand Deity temple

During Hellenistic period there was continuity in the cult of the Apollo Ietros;Zeus (Gr. Polieus) and Aphrodita a new temple for a grand deity was build. Also there are evidence of the cult of Athena, Poseidon, Helikonios, Taurios, Demetra, Hermes Agoraios, Heracles, Asclepios, Dioscurii, etc.). Also a new wall protecting 10ha area. During the hellenistic period Histria has becoming an important supplier of grains for Greece. (Demostene, Contra Leptinem, 466, 31,the grain supply from Pont is bigger the all others ports.) But the economic power of Histria was represented by trade. (Polybios, 4,38,4,Regarding the the goods for living, pontic region give cattles and slaves, in big numbers and at a proven quality. Regarding the luxoury goods, they supply us honey, wax, and salted fish. In exchange they receive from our regions, the excedent of oil and all kinds of vines. With rhe grains we make trade, When in need they supply us, other times we supply them.). The term Hellenistic (derived from Héllēn, the Greeks traditional self-described ethnic name) was established by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen to refer to the spreading of Greek culture over the non-Greek peoples that were conquered by Alexander the Great. ... Lycian Apollo, early Imperial Roman copy of a fourth century Greek original (Louvre Museum) In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo (Ancient Greek , Apóllōn; or Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn), the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a bringer of death-dealing plague; as... The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Phidias created the 12-m (40-ft) tall statue of Zeus at Olympia about 435 BC. The statue was perhaps the most famous sculpture in Ancient Greece, imagined here in a 16th century engraving In Greek mythology, Zeus (in Greek: nominative: Ζεύς Zeús, genitive... Adjective Venusian or (rarely) Cytherean (*min temperature refers to cloud tops only) Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 9. ... A hectare (symbol ha) is a unit of area, equal to 10,000 square meters, commonly used for measuring land area. ...

In the Hellenistic time the gymnasium and the theater were erected.

• • • Hellenistic layer I 350-300 B.C

The town was once again destoyed around 339 B.C. Between 313-309 a rebelion of the Pontic towns take place. (Diodor). Antigonos Monophtalmos, Miletus king, give Histria political equality rights (isopolitia). Pontus was a name applied in ancient times to extensive tracts of country in the northeast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) bordering on the Euxine (Black Sea), which was often called simply Pontos (the Main), by the Greeks. ... Diodorus Siculus was a Greek historian, born at Agyrium in Sicily (now called Agira, in the province of Enna). ... The lower half of the benches and the remnants of the scene building of the theater of Miletus, as it was on August 6, 2005. ...

• • • Hellenistic layer II 300-175 B.C

The most probable destruction of the city during around 175 B.C was produced by bastarni passing, when they were requested by the macedonian king to reinforce the army, during Philip V and Perseu rule. Around 260 B.C Bisantium has gain the fight with Histria and Callatis over Tomis emporion. Philip V can refer to a number of monarchs: Philip V of Macedon (221 BC-179 BC) Philip V of France (1293-1322) Philip V of Spain (1683-1746) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

• • • Hellenistic layer III 175-100 B.C

Mithridates has installed a military garnison in Histria, this probably cause the third destruction of the city during Helenistic peiod. During Mithridates staters are minted in Histria. The name Mithridates (more accurately, Mithradates) is helenized form of a Indo-Aryan Mithra-Datt, which means One given by Mithra. Mithra is the Indo-Aryan sun-god and Datt (Given by) derives from the Indo-European root da, to give. That name was borne by a large number of... The name Mithridates (more accurately, Mithradates) is helenized form of a Indo-Aryan Mithra-Datt, which means One given by Mithra. Mithra is the Indo-Aryan sun-god and Datt (Given by) derives from the Indo-European root da, to give. That name was borne by a large number of...

• • • Hellenistic layer IV 100-20 B.C

Burebista enter in Dobruja. The Hellenistic period is ended Marcus Antonius (who was in char with the orient goverment) defeat by Octavian at Actium. Burebista, the greatest king of Dacia, ruled between 70 BC and 44 BC. Dacian Kingdom, during the rule of Burebista, 82 BC He unified the Thracian population from Hercinica (todays Moravia) in the West, to the Bug in the East and from Northern Carpathians to Dionysopolis, choosing his capital... Bust of Marcus Antonius Marcus Antonius (Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N¹) (c. ... Augustus Caesar The title Caesar Augustus, given to every emperor of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire, originates from this person. ... Actium (mod. ...

• • Early Roman Layers I-III A.D
    • Early Roman Layer IA 30-100 A.D

Continuity of the hellenistic period. A new building for Therme was build. This period was considered by histrians (two inscribed artefacts) as the second founding of the city.

Detail of Therme I Building

Roman Sundial

• • • Early Roman Layer IB 100-170 A.D

Around 170 A.D a part of the down is destroyed.

• • • Early Roman Layer IC 170-250 A.D

The town was hevy destroyed and never recovered. The main theory is that was destroyed by agoths invasion, another theory is that the town was destroyed by an eathquake. Invasion of the Goths: a late 19th century painting by O. Fritsche portrays the Goths as cavalrymen. ...

• • Late Roman Layers IIA
    • Late Roman Layers IIB
    • Late Roman Layers IIIA
    • Late Roman Layers IIIB
    • Late Roman Layers IVA
    • Late Roman Layers IVB
    • Late Roman Layers VA
    • Late Roman Layers VB

The excavation project and site features prominently in the film The Ister (official site here). Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Gallery

Therme I	Therme I	Therme I	Basilica
Basilica	Basilica

Footnotes

Histria minted coins