History of Vietnam series |
 | | | The Hồ Dynasty was a short-lived seven-year reign of two emperors, Hồ Quý Lý in 1400 who, after 9 months of reign, gave the throne to his second son, Hồ Han Thuong, who reigned from 1400 till 1407, a habit from the previous Tran Dynasty to bequest the throne to a designated son or heir and avoid sibling rivalry. His eldest son Hồ Nguyen Trung played also a part in the dynasty as a military general. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Nam Việt or Nanyue (Chinese: å—越; pinyin: ) was an ancient kingdom that consisted much of modern northern Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi. ...
Procession commemorating the TrÆ°ng Sisters in the early 20th century The TrÆ°ng Sisters, known in Vietnamese as Hai BÃ TrÆ°ng (the two TrÆ°ng ladies), are two 1st century women regarded as national heroines of Vietnam after they successfully repelled Chinese invasions for three years. ...
Lý Nam Äế (Lý, The Southern Emperor) was originally Lý Bi or Lý Bon (October 17, 503 - April 13, 548) is debateably considered the first emperor of Vietnam and the founder of the Early Lý (or Li/Lee) Dynasty (544 - 603) and ruled from Feb. ...
Ly Thien Bao (548 A.D. - 555 A.D.) This reign is only ephemereal. ...
Trieu Viet Vuong (548-570) Realizing the strength of the Chinese army, Trieu Quang Phuc retreated back to a more favorable terrain where he could employ guerilla warfare and a war of attrition against the enemy. ...
Around the year 930 AD, as Ngô Quyen (å³æ¬Š) rose to power, northern Vietnam was a province and vassal state of China and was referred to as Giao Chi (交趾). Every year the governor/administrator of Giao Chi had to pay tribute and give offerings to China. ...
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The Lý Dynasty (nhà Lý), sometimes known as the Posterior Lý Dynasty (nhà Háºu Lý), was a Vietnamese dynasty that began in 1009 when Lý Thái Tổ overthrew the Anterior Le Dynasty (nhà Tiá»n Lê) and ended in 1225 when the queen Lý Chiêu Hoà ng...
The Trần Dynasty (é™³æœ Trần Triá»u; or vernacularly Nhà Trần, meaning the Tran House) was a Vietnamese dynasty that ruled Vietnam (at that time was Dai Viet) from 1225 to 1400. ...
The fourth Chinese domination was a period of the history of Vietnam, from 1406 to 1428, upon which, the country was ruled by the Ming administration. ...
// Le Loi(1382-1433), emperor Le Thai To(1428-1433) Background and aspiration Lê Lợi came from a family of wealthy landowners. ...
Trinh Lords (1553 - 1789) A series of rulers of Vietnam who controlled the powers of government while leaving a figurhead as king. ...
This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...
The name of Tay Son is used in many ways referring back to the period of peasant rebellions and decentralized dynasty established between the eras of the Le and Nguyen dynasties. ...
The Nguyá»…n Dynasty (阮æœ) was a line of rulers of Vietnam in the 19th century to mid-20th century. ...
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in 1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the Soviet Union...
Motto: None Official language Vietnamese Capital Saigon First Chief Emperor Bao Dai Last Chief Ngo Dinh Diem Rule Area South Vietnam (1954-) Independence - Provitional - Declared - Recognised - Dissolved From Franch rule May 27, 1948 June 14, 1949 1954 October 26, 1955 Currency Piastre National anthem Call to the Citizens Caution: The...
Official language Vietnamese Capital Saigon Last President Duong Van Minh Last Prime Minister Vu Van Mau Area - Total - % water 173,809 km² N/A Population - Total - Density 19,370,000 (1973 est. ...
Map of the Republic of South Vietnam. ...
Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 1,250,000+ US dead: 58,226 US wounded...
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Events November 20 - A solemn truce between John, Duke of Burgundy and Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans is agreed under the auspicies of John, Duke of Berry. ...
Hồ Quý Lý ( c.1350 – c.1410)
Origin and background The appearance of the Hồ family name, origin and background can be traced back to the 9th century in the province of Zhejiang, the central part of China during the Five Dynasties struggle. From there they migrate south until they established themselves in Nanyue, a name of Vietnam. Hồ Liem, Hồ Quý Lý’s great-great-grandfather moved further south to the province of Thanh Hoa, and settled. Thanh Hoa is about 100 km south of Hanoi nowadays. Some historians bring to attention Hồ Quý Lý is also known as Le Quý Ly, which is true. In his childhood, for some reason Hồ Quý Ly was adopted by Le Huan to whom he took the family name. He did not change this Le last name to Hồ until when he deposed the last king of the Tran. Because of the short-lived of the Ho dynasty and the tragic circumstances he brought the country, he named Dai Ngu, under the juggle of the Chinese Ming, his name, thus family name was vilified, looked down in the Vietnamese history. But nonetheless, historians stated the Hồ family has provided quite a few of scholars, dignitaries and government officials under both the Ly Dynasty and Tran Dynasty as well. As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was that century that lasted from 801 to 900. ...
Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (Traditional Chinese: 五代十國 Simplified Chinese: 五代十国 Hanyu pinyin: Wǔdàishíguó) (907-960) was a period of political upheaval in China, between the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. ...
Thanh Hoa is a city in Vietnam. ...
Hồ Quý Lý's ascension to power First of all, one has to say the Tran Dynasty’s authority and power in the 1370’s and 1380’s was declining steadily right after Tran Nghe Tong reign (1370-1372) who ceded the throne in favor of his son Tran Due Tong (1372-1377), Tran Phe De (1377-1388) his grand son and Tran Thuan Tong (1388-1398), a younger son of Tran Nghe Tong . The Tran Dynasty and emperors are known to reign only for a few years and relinquish the throne to a favorite son, and become Thai Thuong Hoang De, Father of the Emperor title. These short-lived, and feeble-minded emperors only encourage the arrival and ascension of a strong, skillful and sly politician. Hồ Quý Lý is known for his ruse, courage and boldness. Hồ Quý Lý illustrated himself in a successive campaign against the Chams or Champa / Tchampa. And through either schemes or marriage alliances (Hồ Quý Ly himself was married to a sister of Emperor Tran Due Tong and Tran Thuan Tong) plus his shrewdness, Hồ Quý Lý made himself the right hand and advisor of the Emperor. He soon attained the highest post at that time as General/Protector/Regent of the country in only 20 years, 1399, while at the same time others will perished assassinated or killed thru assasinations, plots and schemes that run rampant in the Court at that time. Cham statue from Cham Museum in Danang, Vietnam The Cham people are descendants of the kingdom of Champa. ...
Rough location of Champas core territories. ...
Coup d’Etat of Hồ Quý Lý (1399) To facilitate the power takeover, Hồ Quý Lý first has a new capital built called Tay Do which virtually translates as Capital of the West. He then invites the emperor Tran Thuan Tong in 1399 to this new capital. After coaxing Tran Thuan Tong into relinquishing the throne to prince An, an infant child barely 3-years old and heir to the throne, he has Tran Thuan Tong sent to a pagoda and later slain. Prince An reigned till next year 1400 when Hồ Quý Lý deposed him also and proclaimed himself as the new Emperor. Hồ Quý Lý changed the country’s name to Dai Ngu. Like the Tran predecessors, to avoid rivalry siblings, Hồ Quý Lý reigned not even a year then relinquished the throne to his second son, Ho Han Thuong to become the Emperor’s Highest Father. A pagoda at Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia A pagoda is the general term in the English language for a tiered tower with multiple eaves common in China, Japan, Korea, Nepal, and other parts of Asia. ...
Final years After the defeat of the Ho Dynasty by the Ming in 1407, Hồ Quý Lý, his sons Ho Han Thuong, Ho Nguyen Trung and family relatives were captivated by the Chinese Ming and sent to China, in the QuangZi province. There Hồ Quý Lý worked first as Chinese soldier and security guard till the end of his life.
Ho Han Thuong, emperor 1400-1407
Diplomacy with China Being in good relation with China is Ho Qui Ly’s utmost matter. But this matter proves too costly for the Ho by that time because not only a multitude of the Tran’s descendants claimed they were usurped by Ho Qui Ly but also an opportunity for the Chinese Ming to regain, reclaim Nanyue they covet too much. With the claims of the Tran descendants this occasion is too good for them to let it pass by. From 1400 till 1405, in vain the Ho sent emissaries and diplomats with offerings to Beijing but every time the Chinese Ming will refuse or demand more. Ho Qui Ly though not an emperor at that time knew sooner or later the Chinese Ming will invade Dai Ngu. He has to defend the country. Nam Việt (Chinese language: 南越, Pinyin: Nányuè) was an ancient kingdom that consisted much of modern northern Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi. ...
War with the Chinese Ming and the 4th Chinese domination This war indeed started. Emperor Yongle or Minh Thanh To sent Kwang Tung (Hoang Trung in Vietnamese) with an army of 500,000 to lead an invasion of Nanyue in 1406. The fall of Da Bang fortress, the defeat of the Ho at Moc Pham Giang and Ham Tu all in 1407 precipitated the fall of the Ho dynasty. At the Ham Tu battle, the Ho’s family tried to escape the enemy but was caught by the Chinese and sent to exile in China. From 1407 till 1417, the Ming ruled Nanyue ruthlessly as never seen before. It is said the Ming sent valuable treasures such as gems, jades, golden pieces of art as well as books they know of value back to Beijing. Among these invaluable was the National History Books of Vietnam till the Tran dynasty. This cruelty and exploitation of the Ming fueled the awakening of the Viet rebellion led by Lê Lợi. The Yongle Emperor (May 2, 1360–August 12, 1424), born Zhu Di, was the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China from 1402 to 1424. ...
Nam Việt (Chinese language: 南越, Pinyin: Nányuè) was an ancient kingdom that consisted much of modern northern Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi. ...
Nam Việt (Chinese language: 南越, Pinyin: Nányuè) was an ancient kingdom that consisted much of modern northern Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi. ...
Lê Lợi (1384? - 1433). ...
Economy and Finance Although unpopular, and probably the most hated dynasty in the History of Vietnam, Ho Qui Ly nevertheless has initiated lots of reforms, both economic, finances and education system. The only reform that is worth mentioning under the Ho dynasty and the Ho can take credit was the introduction of the Vietnamese paper currency and paper bills in Vietnam that happened around 1399-1400.
References - Viet Nam Toan Thu, by Pham Van Son
- Viet Nam Su Luoc, by Tran Trong Kim
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