Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx.

In phonetics, the place of articulation of a consonant is the point where an obstruction occurs in the oral cavity that gives the consonant its distinctive sound. The descriptions below list positions where the obstruction may occur: Labials are consonants articulated either with both lips (bilabial articulation) or with the lower lip and the upper teeth (labiodental articulation). ... In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a consonant articulated with both lips. ... Labial-velar consonants are doubly articulated at the velum and the lips. ... In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lips and the upper teeth, or viceversa. ... Linguolabials are consonants articulated by putting the tongue tip or tongue blade against the upper lip. ... Coronal consonants are articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue. ... Interdental consonants are produced by placing the blade of the tongue against the upper incisors. ... Dentals are consonants articulated with either the lower or the upper teeth, or both. ... Alveolars are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge, the internal side of the upper gums (known as the alveoles of the upper teeth). ... An apical consonant is a phone produced by obstructing the air passage with the very tip (end) of the tongue. ... A laminal consonant is a phone produced by obstructing the air passage with the flattened end of the tongue. ... Postalveolar (or palato-alveolar) consonants are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue between the alveolar ridge (the place of articulation for alveolar consonants) and the palate (the place of articulation for palatal consonants). ... In phonetics, alveolo-palatal are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue between the alveolar ridge and the palate, but closer to the palate than for postalveolar consonants. ... retroflex plosive Retroflex consonants cover two points of articulation. ... Dorsal consonants are articulated with the back of the tongue against either the hard palate, or the flexible velum just behind it, or even against the uvula. ... Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). ... In phonetics, the labialised palatal approximant or labial-palatal is a consonant with two constrictions in the vocal tract: with the tongue on the palate and at the lips (rounded). ... Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth, known also as the velum). ... Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants. ... Radical consonants are articulated with the root (base) of the tongue in the throat. ... A pharyngeal consonant is a type of consonant which is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx. ... An epiglottal consonant is a consonant that is articulated with the epiglottis against the back of the pharynx. ... Glottal consonants are consonants articulated with the glottis. ... Phonetics (from the Greek word phone = sound/voice) is the study of sounds (voice). ... The International Phonetic Alphabet. ... The International Phonetic Alphabet. ... Download high resolution version (600x861, 112 KB)Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx. ... Download high resolution version (600x861, 112 KB)Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx. ... Phonetics (from the Greek word phone = sound/voice) is the study of sounds (voice). ... A consonant is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by a closure or stricture sufficient to cause audible turbulence, at one or more points along the vocal tract. ...

• Bilabial, between the lips
• Labiodental, between the lip and teeth
• Linguolabial, between the lip and the tongue tip
• Dental, between the top teeth and tongue tip
• Alveolar, between the gum ridge and tongue, above dental
• Postalveolar, between the palatal ridge and tongue, behind alveolar position
• Palatal, between the tongue and the palate ("hard palate")
• Retroflex, tongue curled back to face the palate (tongue curled so tip of underside touches the roof of the mouth)
• Velar, between the tongue and back palate (velum, "soft palate")
• Uvular, between the tongue and uvula (back of throat)
• Nasal, any of the above-listed positions pronounced with the velum lowered to allow air to pass through the nose (technically a place, but generally considered as a manner of articulation)

In addition, the following positions may occur (but these cannot be nasalised due to their articulatory position): LIP or Lip may refer to: the lip, covering the human mouth - see Lip_(mouth) a massive volcanic formation - see large igneous province the London Institute of Pataphysics - see Pataphysics Lip, a former French watch maker - see Besançon Lip, the main character of Panel de Pon who was replaced... Types of teeth Molars are used for grinding up foods Carnassials are used for slicing food. ... Many animals have longer and more flexible tongues than humans. ... The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. ... The uvula is a little piece of flesh hanging down inside the mouth at the back of the palate, where it meets the throat. ... Anatomy In anatomy, the throat is the part of the neck anterior to the vertebral column. ... In speech there are different ways of producing a consonant. ...

• Pharyngeal, behind the velum (the muscles used to suppress a belch and/or other less pleasant phenomena)
• Epiglottal, at the epiglottis; only a few languages contrast such sounds with pharyngeals
• Glottal or laryngeal, at the glottis (in the throat, where the larynx prevents food from entering the lungs)

Also: The epiglottis is a structure at the back of the throat formed of cartilage covered with mucous membrane. ... The larynx (IPA læɹɪŋks) is an organ in the neck of mammals involved in control of breathing, protection of the trachea and sound production. ...

• In laterals, the air is released past the tongue sides and teeth rather than over the tip of the tongue, and is technically a manner of articulation, not a place of articulation. English speakers often treat this as a separate position because English only has one lateral, /l/. Many languages have more than one, e.g. Spanish written "l" vs. "ll"; Hindi with dental, palatal, and retroflex laterals; and numerous Native American languages with not only lateral approximants, but also lateral fricatives and affricates. Some Northeast Caucasian languages have five, six, or even seven lateral consonants.

Two consonants that have the same place of articulation are said to be homorganic. In speech there are different ways of producing a consonant. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Hindi (हिन्दी) is a language spoken in most states in northern and central India. ... Native American languages are the indigenous languages of the Americas, spoken from Alaska and Greenland to the southern tip of South America. ... Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ... An affricate is a consonant that begins like a stop (most often an alveovelar, such as [t] or [d]) and that doesnt have a release of its own, but opens directly into a fricative (or, in one language, into a trill). ... The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Caspian, or Dagestan, are a family of languages spoken mostly in Dagestan, Northern Azerbaijan and Georgia. ...

Some languages have sounds with two places of articulation. Some common coarticulations include: In phonetics and phonology, a phone is a speech sound considered as a physical event without regard to its place in the sound system semantics of a language. ...

• Labialization, rounding or closing the lips while producing the obstruction (often written ^w)
• Palatalization, raising the tongue body to palatal position while producing the obstruction (often written ^y or ^j)
• Velarization, raising the back of the tongue to velar position (no standard method of representation)
• Fricative coarticulation: usually a velar fricative (often written ^x) or pharyngeal fricative (often written with a superscript mirror-imaged question mark symbol)
  • Fricative release is a term that can be used in describing affricates, which are stops with a delayed release producing a fricative sound: [c] = [ts], [C] = [tS], etc.
• Stop coarticulation: a stop is produced simultaneously with another stop, e.g. /kp)/ (found extensively in some Bantu language groups), /tk/ (some South American languages) and /pt/ (the Northwest Caucasian languages); often, these are written with a tie bar over the two fused sounds.

See also

• List of phonetics topics
• Manner of articulation

A acoustic phonetics affricate airstream mechanism allophone alveolar approximant alveolar consonant alveolar ejective fricative alveolar ejective alveolar flap alveolar nasal alveolar ridge alveolar trill alveolo-palatal consonant apical consonant approximant consonant articulatory phonetics aspiration auditory phonetics B back vowel bilabial click bilabial consonant bilabial ejective bilabial nasal bilabial trill breathy... In speech there are different ways of producing a consonant. ...

Links

• interactive places and manners of articulation