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A homozygote'scells are diploid or polyploid and have the same alleles at a locus (position) on homologous chromosomes. When an organism is referred to as being homozygous for a specific gene, it means that it carries two identical copies of that gene for a given trait on the two corresponding chromosomes (e.g., the genotype is AA or aa). Such a cell or such an organism is called a homozygote. Drawing of the structure of cork as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hook from Micrographia which is the origin of the word cell. Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ... Diploid (meaning double in Greek) cells have two copies (homologs) of each chromosome (both sex- and non-sex determining chromosomes), usually one from the mother and one from the father. ... Polyploid (in Greek: πολλαπλόν - multiple) cells or organisms contain more than one copy (ploidy) of their chromosomes. ... In genetics, an allele (pronounced al-eel) is any one of a number of viable DNA codings occupying a given locus (position) on a chromosome. ... In biology and evolutionary computation, a locus is the position of a gene (or other significant sequence) on a chromosome. ... Two chromosomes are said to be homologous when they have the same alleles at the same positions (loci) for all the genes they contain, besides being of the same length. ... Figure 1: Chromosome. ... The genotype is the specific genetic makeup (the specific genome) of an individual, in the form of DNA. Together with the environmental variation that influences the individual, it codes for the phenotype of that individual. ...
A homozygous dominant genotype occurs when a particular locus has two copies of the dominant allele (e.g., AA). A homozygous recessive genotype occurs when a particular locus has two copies of the recessive allele (e.g., aa). This can occur when both parents carry at least one copy of the allele. In genetics, the term dominant gene refers to the allele that causes a phenotype that is seen in a heterozygous genotype. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Put simply: Homozygous is just having two of the same alleles.
When an organism is referred to as being homozygous for a specific gene, it means that it carries two identical copies of that gene for a given trait on the two corresponding chromosomes (e.g., the genotype is AA or aa).
Sickle-cell Anemia as an example of a Lethal Homozygote.
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