Horace Mann
Horace Mann
Born	May 4, 1796(1796-05-04) Franklin, Massachusetts
Died	August 2, 1859 (aged 63) Yellow Springs, Ohio
Occupation	College President Educator Politician
Spouse	Mary Peabody Mann
Children	Horace Jr., George Combe, Benjamin Pickman
Parents	Thomas Mann, Rebecca Stanley Mann

Horace Mann (May 4, 1796 – August 2, 1859) was an American education reformer and abolitionist. He was also a member of the U.S. House of Representatives (Republican). Horace Mann from http://www. ... is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The Town of Franklin is a city[1] in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. ... is the 214th day of the year (215th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Yellow Springs is a village in Greene County, Ohio, and is the home of Antioch College. ... The History of Dedham, Massachusetts could mean History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635 - 1792 History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1793 - 1999 History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 2000 - Present History of Dedham, Massachusetts in television and film Category: ... The History of Dedham, Massachusetts began with the first settlers arrival in 1635. ... The History of Dedham, Massachusetts from 1793 to 1999 begins with the naming of Dedham as the shiretown of the newly formed Norfolk County. ... The 1919 film Anne of Green Gables was filmed in Dedham. ... Fisher Ames Fisher Ames (9 April 1758 - 4 July 1808) was a Representative of the United States Congress from Massachusetts. ... Louis D. Brandeis Louis Dembitz Brandeis (November 13, 1856 - October 3, 1941) was an important American litigator, Justice, advocate of privacy, and developer of the Brandeis Brief. ... Samuel Dexter (May 14, 1761–May 4, 1816) was an early American statesman who served both in Congress and in the Presidential Cabinet. ... The Fairbanks House is an historic home in Dedham, Massachusetts. ... Jonathan Fairbanks (born 1594, died December 5, 1668[1]) was born in Heptonstall, Halifax, Yorkshire, England. ... Jason Fairbanks (September 25, 1780 - September 10, 1801) was an early American murderer. ... Mother Brook is the modern name for a stream that flows from the Charles River in Dedham, MA, to the Neponset River in the Hyde Park section of Boston, MA. Mother Brook was also known variously as East Brook and Mill Brook in Colonial times. ... The Old Avery Oak Tree stood in Dedham, Massachusetts until it was knocked down in the New England Hurricane of 1938. ... Bartolomeo Vanzetti (left) and Nicola Sacco in handcuffs. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 214th day of the year (215th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the abolition of slavery. ...

He was a brother-in-law to author Nathaniel Hawthorne, since their wives were sisters. Nathaniel Hawthorne (born Nathaniel Hathorne; July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was a 19th century American novelist and short story writer. ...

Education and early career

Horace Mann was born in Franklin, Massachusetts. His childhood and youth were passed in poverty, and his health was impaired early by hard, manual labor. His only means for gratifying his eager desire for books was the small library founded in his native town by Benjamin Franklin and consisting principally of histories and treatises on theology. The Town of Franklin is a city[1] in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. ... Benjamin Franklin (January 17 [O.S. January 6] 1706 – April 17, 1790) was one of the most well known Founding Fathers of the United States. ...

He enrolled at Brown University at the age of 20 and graduated after three years^[1] as valedictorian of his class in 1819. He then studied law for a short time at Wrentham, Massachusetts; was a tutor of Latin and Greek (1820-1822) and a librarian (1821-1823) at Brown University; studied during 1821-1823 at Litchfield Law School (the famous law school conducted by Judge Tapping Reeve in Litchfield, Connecticut); and in 1823, was admitted to the Norfolk, Massachusetts, bar. In 1830, Mann married Charlotte Messer, though she died only two years later on August 1, 1832. His grief over her death never fully subsided.^[2] Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ... In the United States and Canada, the title of valedictorian (an anglicized derivation from the Latin vale dicere, to say farewell) is given to the top graduate of the graduating class (the Australia/New Zealand equivalent being dux, although some Australian universities use the American term) of an educational institution. ... Wrentham is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. ... Tapping Reeve Tapping Reeve (October 1, 1744 – December 13, 1823) was an American lawyer and law educator. ... Litchfield is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut and is known as a affluent summer resort. ... Norfolk is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. ... is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

For fourteen years, first at Dedham, Massachusetts, and after 1833 at Boston, he devoted himself, with great success, to his profession. While in Dedham, home of the nation's first "free" (tax-supported) public school, he served on the school committee.^[3] Meanwhile he served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1827 to 1833 and in the Massachusetts Senate from 1833 to 1837, for the last two years as Senate President.^[3] Nickname: Location in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country United States State Massachusetts County Norfolk County Settled 1635 Incorporated 1636 Government  - Type Representative town meeting  - Town    Administrator Bill Keegan  - Board of    Selectmen Marie-Loise Kehoe Mike Butler James MacDonald Carmen DelloIocono Dennis Teehan Area  - Town  10. ... Nickname: City on the Hill, Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe)1, Athens of America, The Cradle of Revolution, Puritan City, Americas Walking City Location in Massachusetts, USA Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas M. Menino(D) Area    - City 232. ... The Massachusetts House of Representatives is the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of Massachusetts. ...

Education reform

It was not until he was appointed head (1837) of the newly created board of education of Massachusetts that he began the work which was soon to place him in the foremost rank of American educationists. He held this position, and worked with a remarkable intensity, holding teachers' conventions, delivering numerous lectures and addresses, carrying on an extensive correspondence, and introducing numerous reforms. He planned and inaugurated the Massachusetts normal school system in Lexington and Bridgewater, founded and edited The Common School Journal (1838), and began preparing a series of Annual Reports, which had a wide circulation and are still considered as being "among the best expositions, if, indeed, they are not the very best ones, of the practical benefits of a common school education both to the individual and to the state" (Hinsdale). A board of education or a school board or school committee is the title of the board of directors of a school, local school district or higher administrative level. ... A normal school or teachers college is an educational institution for training teachers. ... Framingham State College is a public college offering liberal arts and science programs. ... Bridgewater State College is a public liberal arts college located in Bridgewater, Massachusetts. ...

Mann's reforms included the establishment of a single school system throughout the state instead of separate local school districts.^[4] He urged separate classrooms for students at different levels of learning, and discouraged learning by rote and flogging as punishment.^[4] Most importantly, he worked effectively for more and better equipped school houses, longer school years (until 16 years old), higher pay for teachers, and a wider curriculum. Whipping on a post Flagellation is the act of whipping (Latin flagellum, whip) the human body. ...

In 1852, he supported governor Edward Everett in the decision to adopt the Prussian education system in Massachusetts. Shortly after Everett and Mann collaborated to adopt the Prussian system, the Governor of New York set up the same method in twelve different New York schools on a trial basis. Edward Everett (April 11, 1794 – January 15, 1865) was a Whig Party politician from Massachusetts. ... The Prussian education system was a system of mandatory education dating to the early 19th century. ... This article is about the state. ...

The practical result of Mann's work was a revolution in the approach used in the common school system of Massachusetts, which in turn influenced the direction of other states. In carrying out his work, Mann met with bitter opposition by some Boston schoolmasters who strongly disapproved of his innovative pedagogical ideas ^[5], and by various religious sectarians, who contended against the exclusion of all sectarian instruction from the schools. He is often considered "the father of American public education".^[6] Pedagogy (IPA: ) , the art or science of being a teacher, generally refers to strategies of instruction, or a style of instruction[1]. The word comes from the Ancient Greek (paidagōgeō; from (child) and (lead)): literally, to lead the child”. In Ancient Greece, was (usually) a slave who supervised the... Sectarianism is an adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination, it also usually involves a rejection of those not a member of ones sect. ...

Leadership of Antioch College

Original daguerreotype of Rep. Mann (Mass.) from Mathew Brady's studio, c. 1849.

From 1853 until his death in 1859, he was president of the newly established Antioch College at Yellow Springs, Ohio, where he taught political economy, intellectual and moral philosophy, and natural theology. The college received insufficient financial support due to sectarian infighting; he himself was charged with nonadherence to sectarianism because, previously a Calvinist by upbringing, he joined the Unitarian Church. The college was founded by the Christian Connexion, who later withdrew their funding, but he earned the love of his students and by his many addresses exerted a beneficial influence upon education in the Midwest. Horace Mann also employed the first female faculty member to be paid on an equal basis with her male colleagues, Rebecca Pennell. His commencement message to the class of 1859 to "be ashamed to die until you have won some victory for humanity" is repeated to the graduating class at each commencement.^[7] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 445 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (538 × 725 pixel, file size: 118 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) http://hdl. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 445 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (538 × 725 pixel, file size: 118 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) http://hdl. ... Mathew B. Brady, circa 1875 For other persons named Matthew Brady, see Matthew Brady (disambiguation). ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Antioch College is a private, independent liberal arts college in Yellow Springs, Ohio and is the founder and flagship institution of the six campus Antioch University system. ... Yellow Springs is a village in Greene County, Ohio, and is the home of Antioch College. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political economy was the original term for the study of production, the acts of buying and selling, and their relationships to laws, customs and government. ... Ethics is a general term for what is often described as the science (study) of morality. In philosophy, ethical behavior is that which is good or right. ... Natural theology is the knowledge of God accessible to all rational human beings without recourse to any special or supposedly supernatural revelation. ... In an unadorned church, the 17th century congregation stands to hear the sermon. ... Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA), in full the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations in North America, is a liberal religious denomination formed by the merger in 1961 of the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church in America. ... The Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement (or simply, Restoration Movement) is a religious reform movement born in the early 1800s in the United States. ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ...

He is buried in the North Burial Ground in Providence, Rhode Island. Next to his first wife, Charlotte Messer Mann, daughter of Asa Messer, president of Brown College in Providence, RI. The North Burial Ground is a 110-acre cemetery in Providence, Rhode Island, dating to 1700. ... Providence redirects here. ...

A collected edition of Mann's writings, together with a memoir by his second wife, Mary Peabody Mann, was published as The Life and Works of Horace Mann. Subsequent biographies include Burke A. Hinsdale's Horace Mann and the Common School Revival in the United States (New York, 1898), in the Great Educators series. Among other biographies O. H. Lang's Horace Mann, his Life and Work (New York, 1893), Albert E. Winship's Horace Mann, the Educator (Boston, 1896), and George A. Hubbell's Life of Horace Mann, Educator, Patriot and Reformer (Philadelphia, 1910), may be mentioned. In Vol. I of the Report for 1895-1896 of the United States commissioner of education there is a detailed Bibliography of Horace Mann, containing more than 700 titles. The definitive biography of Mann is simply titled, "Horace Mann; a biography" by Jonathan Messerli (New York, 1972). The Commissioner of Education was the title given to the person who served at the head of the National Bureau of Education, a former unit within the Department of the Interior in the United States. ...

Legacy

Antioch College continues to operate in accordance with the egalitarian and humanitarian values of Horace Mann. A monument including his statue stands in lands belonging to the college in Yellow Springs, Ohio with his quote and college motto "Be Ashamed to Die Until You Have Won Some Victory for Humanity." Egalitarianism is the moral doctrine that equality ought to prevail among some group along some dimension. ... Humanitarianism is the view that all people should be treated with the respect and dignity they deserve as human beings, and that advancing the well-being of humanity is a noble goal. ...

There are a number of schools in the U.S. named for Mann, including ones in Arkansas; Washington, D.C.; Boston, Massachusetts; Bakersfield, California; San Jose, California; Charleston, West Virginia; Marstons Mills, Massachusetts; Salem, Massachusetts; Redmond, Washington; Fargo, North Dakota; St. Louis, Missouri; Chicago, Illinois; Mt. Vernon, Illinois; Binghamton, New York ; North Bergen, New Jersey; Colorado Springs, Colorado, Ottumwa, Iowa, and the Horace Mann School in Riverdale, New York; Horace Mann High School, North Fond du Lac, Wi. The University of Northern Colorado named the gates to their campus in his dedication, a gift of the Class of 1910.^[8] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Boston redirects here. ... Bakersfield redirects here. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... Nickname: Home of Hospitality, The most northern city of the South and the most southern city of the North, Chemicalville, The Capitol City C-Town Location of Charleston in West Virginia. ... Marstons Mills is a village in the city of Barnstable, Massachusetts. ... Nickname: Location in Essex County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Essex Settled 1626 Incorporated 1626 A City 1836 Government  - Type Mayor-council city  - Mayor Kimberley Driscoll Area  - Total 18. ... Location of Redmond within King County, and King County within Washington. ... “Fargo” redirects here. ... Nickname: Location in the state of Missouri Coordinates: , Country State County Independent City Government  - Mayor Francis G. Slay (D) Area  - City  66. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 606. ... Mount Vernon is a town located near the center of Jefferson County, Illinois, in the United States. ... This article is about the City of Binghamton, New York. ... North Bergen is a township in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. ... Colorado Springs is most populous Home Rule Municipality in the State of Colorado. ... Ottumwa (pronounced Uh-tuhm-wa) is a city in Wapello County, Iowa. ... The Horace Mann School is an independent college preparatory school in New York City. ... Riverdale Riverdale (population approximately 45,000, according to the 2000 U.S. Census) is a middle- and upper-class residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City. ... University of Northern Colorado (Northern Colorado) is a baccalaureate (arts, sciences, humanities, business, human sciences, and education), graduate (primarily in the field of education), and research university located in Greeley, Colorado, USA. It has a 2006 enrollment of 13,775 students. ...

Further reading

• Larson, Robert W; Boulder: Colorado Associated University Press, (1989). Shaping educational change : the first century of the University of Northern Colorado at Greeley. ISBN 0-87081-172-X.

Messerli, Jonathan: NY; Knopf, (1971). "Horace Mann; a biography".

Notes

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Horace Mann

• Mann on education and national welfare
• Mann's contribution's to education
• Mary Peabody Mann

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.