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Hornbill ivory (also called "golden jade") is a precious ornamental material derived from the Helmeted Hornbill (Buceros vigil), a large bird of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo Binomial name Buceros vigil Forster, 1781 The Helmeted hornbill, Buceros (or Rhinoplax) vigil, is a very large bird in the hornbill family. ...
The Malay Peninsula (Malay: Semenanjung Melayu) is a major peninsula located in Southeast Asia. ...
Sumatra (also spelled Sumatara and Sumatera) is the sixth largest island of the world (approximately 470,000 km²) and is the largest part of Indonesia. ...
Borneo (including the Kalimantan provinces of Indonesia, Sabah and Sarawak of Malaysia, and Brunei) is the third largest island in the world. ...
Many hornbill species have "casques", decorative growths on the upper mandible of the bill. In most, the casque has a spongy structure, but in the Helmeted Hornbill it is solid keratin. This material, hornbill ivory, has a texture suggesting ivory but is softer. As it grows it is golden yellow, but the bird rubs its casque on its preen gland, whose oily secretion tints the surface of the casque bright red. Genera Aceros Anorrhinus Anthracoceros Buceros Bucorvus Ceratogymna (=Bycanistes) Ocyceros Penelopides Tockus Hornbills (Family Bucerotidae) are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cows horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. ...
Microscopic view of stained keratin. ...
Ivory is a hard, white, opaque substance that is the bulk of the teeth and tusks of animals such as the elephant, hippopotamus, walrus, mammoth, etc. ...
Preening is the art of cleaning, grooming, and maintaining parts of the body. ...
Native peoples in the Helmeted Hornbill's range, such as the Kenyah and Kelabit, have long carved the casques. In Malaysia, hornbill-ivory rings were said to change color when near poisonous food.[1] The Chinese encountered the material in the 14th Century and it soon became an important trade item at Brunei. During the Ming dynasty, the Chinese valued hornbill ivory above true ivory or jade. They carved the casques, or they made them into sheets, colored them with the secretion of the preen gland, and made them into belt buckles for high officials. They called hornbill ivory hèdǐng (Wade-Giles ho-ting), which is said to be their approximation of an indigenous name[2] (but means "crane head", and thus many Chinese thought the substance came from a crane rather than a hornbill). The Japanese also carved imported hornbill ivory. The Kelabit, who have close ties to the Lun Bawang, are an indigenous race of the Sarawak highlands--the remotest and highest of Borneos mountains. ...
(13th century - 14th century - 15th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was that century which lasted from 1301 to 1400. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
A selection of antique, hand-crafted Chinese jadeite jade buttons Jade An ornamental stone, jade is a name applied to two different silicate minerals. ...
Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ...
By the early 20th Century, the Helmeted Hornbill became rare because it was slaughtered for its casque. Now legal trade in hornbill ivory is limited to certified antiques, and hornbill-ivory carvings are more valuable than those of any true ivory.[3] (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...
References
- Perrins, Christopher (ed.) (2003). Firefly Encyclopedia of Birds. Firefly Books. ISBN 1-5529-7777-3.
Professor Christopher Miles Chris Perrins, FRS is a British biologist. ...
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