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Horror fiction is, broadly, fiction in any media intended to scare, unsettle or horrify the reader.
Horror fiction often overlaps with science fiction and/or fantasy, all of which have been placed under the umbrella category speculative fiction.
Modern horror fiction found its roots in the gothic novels that exploded into popularity in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, typified by Ann Radcliffe's The Mysteries of Udolpho and Horace Walpole's The Castle of Otranto.
Horror can be thought of as the feeling of dread and anticipation that occurs before something frightening is seen or otherwise experienced (terror is the feeling that follows after the experience has occurred).
Horror fiction is, broadly, fiction intended to scare, unsettle or horrify the reader.
Horror fiction often overlaps with science fiction and fantasy, all of which form the umbrella category speculative fiction.