NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Horror (film)

The horror cinematic genre is characterized by the attempt to make the viewer experience dread, fear, terror, or horror. Often their plots involve the intrusion of an evil force, event or personage, sometimes of supernatural origin, on the mundane world and the consequences thereof. A logo for WP:AID; a combination of the WP logo and the picture from the shovel article. ... DVD cover showing characters made famous by Universal Studios, Elsa Lanchester from Bride of Frankenstein (1935), Claude Rains from The Invisible Man (1933), Bela Lugosi from Dracula (1931), Claude Rains from Phantom of the Opera (1943), The Creature from Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954), Boris Karloff from Frankenstein (1931... DVD cover showing characters made famous by Universal Studios, Elsa Lanchester from Bride of Frankenstein (1935), Claude Rains from The Invisible Man (1933), Bela Lugosi from Dracula (1931), Claude Rains from Phantom of the Opera (1943), The Creature from Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954), Boris Karloff from Frankenstein (1931... Universal Studios logo This article is about the Universal Studios movie studio and Universal Hollywood theme park. ... Elsa Lanchester (October 28, 1902-December 26, 1986), was a British-born American character actress, perhaps best-known as the long-suffering wife of Charles Laughton. ... Elsa Lanchester and Boris Karloff in The Bride of Frankenstein Bride of Frankenstein 1999 release DVD cover Bride of Frankenstein is a horror film released April 22, 1935, which is a sequel to the 1931 film Frankenstein. ... Claude Rains (November 10, 1889 - May 30, 1967) was an English actor. ... The Invisible Man is a movie produced by Universal Pictures in 1933 and directed by James Whale. ... Bela Lugosi as Dracula United States stamp BÃ©la Lugosi was the stage name of actor BÃ©la Ferenc DezsÅ‘ BlaskÃ³ (October 20, 1882â€“August 16, 1956). ... This DVD cover for the film shows Lugosi in the role which would type-cast him for the rest of his career. ... Claude Rains starred as Erik-â€“the Phantomâ€“-in the 1943 production of Phantom of the Opera. ... Film poster for Creature from the Black Lagoon Creature from the Black Lagoon is a 79-minute 1954 black-and-white science fiction film created and produced by Universal-International Pictures Inc. ... Boris Karloff (November 23, 1887 - February 2, 1969), born William Henry Pratt, was a famous actor in horror films. ... Frankenstein is a 1931 horror film loosely based on the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. ... Lon Chaney, Jr. ... The Wolf Man is a 1941 horror film written by Curt Siodmak and produced and directed by George Wagger, staring Lon Chaney Jr, Claude Rains, Evelyn Ankers, Ralph Bellamy, Patrick Knowels, Bela Lugosi, and Maria Ouspenskaya. ... The Mummy is a 1932 horror film starring Boris Karloff as an Ancient Egyptian prince, Im-Ho-Tep, whose mummy is inadvertently revived by a member of an archaeological expedition and who, using the name Ardath Bey, prowls Cairo seeking the reincarnation of the soul of his ancient lover, Princess... Definition Much debate exists about what constitutes a genre and what does not, whether in film, literature, graphic arts or the performing arts. ... Evil is a term describing Kay Fong that which is regarded as morally bad, intrinsically corrupt, wantonly destructive, inhumane, or wicked. ... The supernatural (Latin:super- exceeding+nature) comprises forces and phenomena that cannot be perceived by natural or empirical senses, and whose understanding may be said to lie with religious, magical, or otherwise mysterious explanation â€”yet remains firmly outside of the realm of science. ...

The horror film genre is often associated with low budgets and exploitation, but major studios and well-respected directors have made intermittent forays into the genre. Some horror films exhibit a substantial amount of coexistence with other genres, particularly science fiction and fantasy. Exploitation is the name given to genre of films, extant since the earliest days of moviemaking, but popularized in the 1970s. ... The film director, on the right, gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, whilst filming a costume drama on location in London. ... Poster for The Day the Earth Stood Still, an archetypal science fiction film. ... In theory fantasy films are films with fantastic themes, usually involving magic or exotic fantasy worlds, as distinct from science fiction films or horror films. ...

Some of the most common elements include vampires, zombies and other forms of resurrected (with adverse consequences) corpses, werewolves, ancient curses, ghosts, demons and/or demonic possession, satanism, evil children, slashers, animals attacking humans, inanimate objects brought to life by bane enchantment or twisted science, and haunted houses. Specific stories and characters have also proven popular, and inspired many sequels, remakes, and copycats. These include Dracula, Frankenstein, The Mummy, The Wolf Man and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. It has been suggested that History of vampire lore be merged into this article or section. ... An artistic interpetation of a zombie A zombie is traditionally an undead person in the Caribbean spiritual belief system of voodoo. ... With regard to living things, a body is the integral physical material of an individual, and contrasts with soul, personality and behavior. ... A German Woodcut from 1722 A werewolf in folklore and mythology is a person who changes into a wolf, either by purposefully using magic or by being placed under a curse. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Reputed ghost of a monk. ... In folklore, mythology, and religion, a demon or demoness is a supernatural being that is generally described as a malevolent spirit, but is also depicted as a force that may be conjured and insecurely controlled. ... Spiritual possession is a concept of many religions and tales, where it is believed that a demon may take temporary control of a human body, resulting in noticeable changes in behaviour. ... Satanism is a religious, semi-religious and/or philosophical movement whose adherents recognize Satan, either as an archetype, literal being, pre-cosmic force, or anything in between. ... A devil-child movie is a type of horror movie where the antagonist or anti-hero is a malicious child or child-like demon or child transformed by an evil force or something similar. ... The slasher film is a sub-genre of the horror genre. ... In most Western cultural views, black magic is the branch of magic (paranormal power) dealing in death, destruction, manipulation, and all-around offensive spells. ... They LAUGHED at my theories at the institute! Fools! Ill destroy them all! Caucasian, male, aging, crooked teeth, messy hair, lab coat, spectacles/goggles, dramatic posing â€” one popular stereotype of mad scientist. ... A haunted house is a common plot device in horror or more lately paranormal based fiction. ... A sequel is a work of fiction in literature, film, and other creative works that is produced after a completed work, and is set in the same universe but at a later time. ... In film, a remake may refer to a newer version of a previously released film, or a newer version of the source (play, novel, story, etc. ... Bela Lugosi as Dracula United States stamp Dracula is a fictional character, inarguably the most famous vampire in literature. ... The Frankenstein Monster Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus is a novel by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. ... The Mummy is the title of: a 1932 movie starring Boris Karloff: see The Mummy (1932 movie) a 1959 movie starring Christopher Lee: see The Mummy (1959 movie) a 1999 movie starring Brendan Fraser: see The Mummy (1999 movie) a novel by Anne Rice: see The Mummy (novel) This is... The Wolf Man is a 1941 horror film written by Curt Siodmak and produced and directed by George Wagger, staring Lon Chaney Jr, Claude Rains, Evelyn Ankers, Ralph Bellamy, Patrick Knowels, Bela Lugosi, and Maria Ouspenskaya. ... The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll1and Mr. ...

History

Early milestones

The horror genre in film is nearly as old as film itself. The first exploration of supernatural events appear in several of the silent shorts created by film pioneer Georges Melies in the late 1890s. The earliest horror-themed feature films were created by German filmmakers in the early 20th century, many of which were a sigificant influence on later Hollywood films. Paul Wegener's The Golem (1915) was seminal; in 1920 Robert Wiene's The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari was both controversial with American audiences, due to postwar sentiments, and seminal in its Expressionistic style; the most enduring horror film of that era was probably F. W. Murnau's Nosferatu (1922), the first vampire-themed feature, an unauthorized adaptation of Bram Stoker's Dracula. Georges Méliès (December 8, 1861 - January 21, 1938), full name Maries-Georges-Jean Méliès, was a French filmmaker famous for leading many technical and narrative developments in the earliest cinema. ... The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the Mauve Decade, because William Henry Perkins aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that color in fashion, and also as the Gay Nineties, under the then-current usage of the word gay which referred simply to merriment and frivolity, with no... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... The Golem is a novel written by Gustav Meyrink in 1914. ... See also: 1914 in film 1915 1916 in film years in film film Events Top grossing films The Birth of a Nation Movies released A Fool There Was, starring Theda Bara The Birth of a Nation, starring Lillian Gish Carmen, starring Theda Bara Fattys Tintype Tangle, starring and directed... See also: 1919 in film 1920 1921 in film 1920s in film years in film film Events November 28 - The Mask of Zorro, starring Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. ... The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Das Kabinett des Dr. caligari in German) is a groundbreaking 1919 silent film directed by Robert Wiene. ... F.W. Murnaus Nosferatu German Expressionism, also referred to as expressionism in filmmaking, developed in Germany (especially Berlin) during the 1920s. ... F W Murnau Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau (December 28, 1888 - March 11, 1931) was one of the most influential directors of the silent film era. ... Max Schreck as Count Orlok Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens (A Symphony of Horrors in German) is a German Expressionist film originally shot in 1922 by F.W. Murnau. ... See also: 1921 in film 1922 1923 in film 1920s in film years in film film Events November 26 - Toll of the Sea debuts as the first general release film to use two-tone Technicolor (The Gulf Between was the first film to do so but it was not widely... Abraham Bram Stoker (November 8, 1847â€“April 20, 1912) was an Anglo-Irish writer, best remembered as the author of the influential horror novel Dracula. ... Bela Lugosi as Dracula United States stamp Dracula is a fictional character, inarguably the most famous vampire in literature. ...

Early Hollywood dramas dabbled in horror themes including versions of The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) and The Monster (1925) (both starring Lon Chaney, Sr., the first American horror movie star). His most famous role, however, was in The Phantom of the Opera (1925), perhaps the true predecessor of Universal's famous horror series. ... In 1923, a silent film version of Victor Hugos novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame was released, with Lon Chaney Sr. ... See also: 1922 in film 1923 1924 in film 1920s in film years in film film // Events April 15 - Lee De Forest demonstrates the Phonofilm sound-on-film system at the Rivoli Theater in New York with a series of short musical films featuring vaudeville performers. ... See also: 1924 in film 1925 1926 in film 1920s in film years in film film Events Top grossing films Ben-Hur His People The Unholy Three The Freshman Movies released Movies released in 1925 include: Ben-Hur, starring Ramon Novarro. ... Lon Chaney in The Phantom of the Opera Lon Chaney, Sr. ... A movie star is a celebrity who is well known for his or her starring, or leading, roles in motion pictures. ... Lon Chaney in The Phantom of the Opera The 1925 film version of The Phantom of the Opera, starring Lon Chaney, Sr. ... Universal Horror is the name given to the distinctive horror films made by Universal Studios in California from the 1920s through to the 1950s. ...

1930s & 1940s: The gothic subgenre

It was in the early 1930s that American film producers, particularly Universal Pictures Co. Inc., popularized the horror film genre, bringing to the screen a series of successful gothic-steeped features including Dracula (1931), and The Mummy (1932), as well as science fiction films with horror overtones, such as James Whale's Frankenstein (1931) and The Invisible Man (1933). These films, while designed to thrill, also incorporated more serious elements, and were influenced by the German expressionist films of the 1920s. Some actors began to build entire careers around the genre, most notably Boris Karloff and Bela Lugosi. // Events and trends The 1930s were spent struggling for a solution to the global depression. ... Universal Studios logo This article is about the Universal Studios movie studio and Universal Hollywood theme park. ... Strawberry Hill, an English mansion in the Gothic revival style, built by seminal Gothic writer Horace Walpole The gothic novel is an English literary genre, which can be said to have been born with The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole. ... This DVD cover for the film shows Lugosi in the role which would type-cast him for the rest of his career. ... See also: 1930 in film 1931 1932 in film 1930s in film years in film film Events Top grossing films Frankenstein, starring Boris Karloff Ingagi, starring Sir Hubert Winstead Mata Hari, starring Greta Garbo and Lionel Barrymore Academy Awards Best Picture: Cimarron - MGM Best Actor: Lionel Barrymore - A Free Soul... The Mummy is a 1932 horror film starring Boris Karloff as an Ancient Egyptian prince, Im-Ho-Tep, whose mummy is inadvertently revived by a member of an archaeological expedition and who, using the name Ardath Bey, prowls Cairo seeking the reincarnation of the soul of his ancient lover, Princess... See also: 1931 in film 1932 1933 in film 1930s in film years in film film Events Shirley Temples film career begins Disney released Flowers and Trees their first cartoon in three-strip Technicolor film. ... Poster for The Day the Earth Stood Still, an archetypal science fiction film Science fiction as a genre of film making has been an element of the cinema experience since the earliest days of the motion picture industry. ... This is a page about the film director James Whale. ... Frankenstein is a 1931 horror film loosely based on the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. ... The Invisible Man is a movie produced by Universal Pictures in 1933 and directed by James Whale. ... See also: 1932 in film 1933 1934 in film 1930s in film years in film film Events March 2 - King Kong premieres in New York City. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America as the Roaring Twenties. // Events and trends Technology John T. Thompson invents Thompson submachine gun, also known as Tommy gun John Logie Baird invents the first working television system (1925) Charles Lindbergh becomes the first person to fly... Boris Karloff (November 23, 1887 - February 2, 1969), born William Henry Pratt, was a famous actor in horror films. ... Bela Lugosi as Dracula United States stamp BÃ©la Lugosi was the stage name of actor BÃ©la Ferenc DezsÅ‘ BlaskÃ³ (October 20, 1882â€“August 16, 1956). ...

Other studios of the day had less spectacular success with horror, but Rouben Mamoulian's Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (Paramount, 1931) and Michael Curtiz's The Mystery of the Wax Museum (Warner Brothers, 1933) were both important films in the genre. Rouben Mamoulian (born October 8, 1897 – December 4, 1987) was an American film director. ... Dr. Jekyll and Mr. ... The Paramount Pictures logo used from 1987 to 1995. ... Michael Curtiz (December 24, 1886 - April 10, 1962) was a film director, whose films include The Adventures of Robin Hood, Casablanca, and White Christmas. ... The Mystery of the Wax Museum is a horror film from 1933, directed by Michael Curtiz for Warner Brothers. ... Warner Bros. ...

Universal's horror films would continue into the 1940s with The Wolf Man 1941, not the first werewolf film, but certainly the most influential. Throughout the decade Universal also continued to produce more sequels in the Frankenstein series, as well as a number of films teaming up several of their monsters. Also in that decade Val Lewton would produce a series of influential and atmospheric B-pictures for RKO, including Cat People (1942), I Walked with a Zombie (1943) and The Body Snatcher (1945). // Events and trends The 1940s were dominated by World War II, the most destructive armed conflict in history. ... The Wolf Man is a 1941 horror film written by Curt Siodmak and produced and directed by George Wagger, staring Lon Chaney Jr, Claude Rains, Evelyn Ankers, Ralph Bellamy, Patrick Knowels, Bela Lugosi, and Maria Ouspenskaya. ... See also: 1940 in film 1941 1942 in film 1940s in film years in film film Events Top grossing films Sergeant York Buck Privates, starring Abbott and Costello Tobacco Road Academy Awards Best Picture: How Green Was My Valley - 20th Century-Fox Best Actor: Gary Cooper - Sergeant York Best Actress... A German Woodcut from 1722 A werewolf in folklore and mythology is a person who changes into a wolf, either by purposefully using magic or by being placed under a curse. ... Vladimir Ivan Leventon was born on May 7, 1904 in Yalta, Russia, nephew of the actress Alla Nazimova. ... The term B-movie originally referred to a film designed to be distributed as the lower half of a double feature, often a genre film featuring cowboys, gangsters or vampires. ... The classic logo of RKO Radio Pictures. ... This article is about the 1942 film; Cat People is also the name of a 1982 film. ... See also: 1941 in film 1942 1943 in film 1940s in film years in film film // Events Carole Lombard is killed in a plane crash when returning from a War Bond tour. ... I Walked with a Zombie is a 1943 horror film directed by Jacques Tourneur. ... See also: 1942 in film 1943 1944 in film 1940s in film years in film film // Events Top grossing films North America For Whom the Bell Tolls The Song of Bernadette This is the Army Stage Door Canteen Random Harvest Star Spangled Rhythm Casablanca Journey Into Fear Academy Awards Best... See also: 1944 in film 1945 1946 in film 1940s in film years in film film Events Paramount Studios releases theatrical short cartoon titled The Friendly Ghost, featuring ghost named Casper With Rossellinis Roma Città aperta, Italian neorealist cinema begins. ...

1950s: Cold War terror and the pull of science fiction

In the nuclear-charged atmosphere of the 1950s the tone of horror films shifted away from the gothic and towards the modern. A seemingly endless parade of low-budget productions featured humanity overcoming threats from "outside": alien invasions, and deadly mutations to people, plants, and insects. During this time the horror and sci-fi genres were often interchangeable. These films provided ample opportunity for audience exploitation, with gimmicks such as 3-D and "Percepto" (producer William Castle's electric-shock technique used for 1959's The Tingler) drawing audiences in week after week for bigger and better scares. The classier horror films of this period, including The Thing From Another World (1951; attributed on screen to Christian Nyby but widely considered to be the work of Howard Hawks) and Don Siegel's Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956) managed to channel the paranoia of the Cold War into atmospheric creepiness without resorting to direct exploitation of the events of the day. Filmmakers would continue to merge elements of science fiction and horror well into the future. Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium // Events and trends The 1950s in Western society was marked with a sharp rise in the economy for the first time in almost 30 years and return to the 1920s-type consumer society built on credit and boom-times, as well as the... Alien invasion is a science fiction theme in which extraterrestrial life attacks Earth with the intent to conquer it. ... Sci-fi is an abbreviation for science fiction. ... For 3D computer graphics and related software, see 3D computer graphics. ... William Castle (April 24, 1914â€“May 31, 1977) born William Schloss, was an American film director, producer, and actor. ... See also: 1958 in film 1959 1960 in film 1950s in film 1960s in film years in film film Events The Three Stooges make their 180th and last short film, Sappy Bullfighters. ... The Thing From Another World is a 1951 science fiction film which tells the story of scientists at a remote Arctic outpost who fight an alien being. ... See also: 1950 in film 1951 1952 in film 1950s in film 1940s in film years in film film Events Sweden - May Britt is scouted by Italian film-makers Carlo Ponti and Mario Soldati Top grossing films North America David and Bathsheba Show Boat tie The Great Caruso and An... Christian Nyby (September 1, 1913 _ September 17, 1993) was an American television and film director. ... Howard Hawks (May 30, 1896 â€“ December 26, 1977) was an American film director, producer and writer of the classic Hollywood era. ... Don Siegel (October 26, 1912 - April 20, 1991) was an influential American film director. ... Invasion of the Body Snatchers is a 1956 science fiction film which tells the story of ordinary small town people whose bodies are taken over by aliens. ... See also: 1955 in film 1956 1957 in film 1950s in film years in film film Events November 15 - The film Love Me Tender starring Elvis Presley (his first film) opens. ... In popular culture, the term paranoia is usually used to describe excessive concern about ones own well-being, sometimes suggesting a person holds persecutory beliefs concerning a threat to themselves or their property and is often linked to a belief in conspiracy theories. ... For the generic term for a high-tension rivalry between countries, see cold war (war). ...

The late 1950s and early 1960s saw the rise of studios centered specifically around horror. Notable were British production company Hammer Films, which specialized in bloody remakes of classic horror stories often starring Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee, including The Curse of Frankenstein (1957) and Dracula (1958). Hammer, and director Terence Fisher, are widely acknowledged as being pioneers of the modern horror movie. The 1960s, or The Sixties, in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1960 and 1969, but the expression has taken on a wider meaning over the past twenty years. ... Hammer horror refers to a series of gothic horror films produced from the late 1950s until the 1970s by the British film production company Hammer Film Productions Ltd. ... Peter Cushing (left) as Grand Moff Tarkin Peter Cushing (26 May 1913–11 August 1994) was a British actor, best known for playing Dr Frankenstein and Professor van Helsing in Hammer films, often opposite Christopher Lee as Dracula. ... Christopher Lee This article is about the actor. ... The Curse of Frankenstein is a 1957 horror film made by Britains Hammer Films. ... See also: 1956 in film 1957 1958 in film 1950s in film years in film film // Events October 21 - The movie Jailhouse Rock, starring Elvis Presley, opens. ... Dracula (1958) is the first of a series of Hammer Horror movies inspired by Bram Stokers novel Dracula. ... See also: 1957 in film 1958 1959 in film 1950s in film years in film film Events February 16- In the Money is released on this date. ... Movie director who worked for Hammer Films. ...

American International Pictures (AIP) also made a series of Edgar Allan Poe themed films produced by Roger Corman and starring Vincent Price. These sometimes controversial productions paved the way for more explicit violence in both horror and mainstream films. American International Pictures was formed in 1956 from American Releasing Corporation by James H. Nicholson and Samuel Z. Arkoff, dedicated to releasing independently produced, low-budget films, primarily of interest to the teenagers of the 1950s. ... This daguerreotype of Poe was taken less than a year before his death at the age of 40. ... Roger William Corman (born April 5, 1926) is an American producer and director of low-budget films; as such, he has apprenticed many now-famous directors, stressing the importance of budgeting and resourcefulness. ... Vincent Price on Broadway as Mr. ...

1960s: Gore and Shock

Later in the 1960s the genre moved towards "psychological horror", with thrillers such as Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho (1960) using all-too-human monsters rather than supernatural ones to scare the audience. Michael Powell's Peeping Tom (1960) was a notable example of this subgenre. Psychological horror films would continue to appear sporadically, with 1991's The Silence of the Lambs a later highlight of the subgenre (although these films can also be considered crime films or thrillers). Ghosts and monsters still remained popular: The Innocents (1961) and The Haunting (1963) were two supernaturally-tinged psychological horror films from the early 1960s, with high production values and gothic atmosphere. Hitchcock's more modern-backdropped The Birds (1963) was a prime example of "nature-goes-mad" menace combined with psychological horror. Night of the Living Dead screenshot -- a young zombie and her victim. ... Night of the Living Dead screenshot -- a young zombie and her victim. ... An artistic interpetation of a zombie A zombie is traditionally an undead person in the Caribbean spiritual belief system of voodoo. ... A young zombie and her victim Night of the Living Dead (1968) is a seminal horror film directed by George A. Romero which was to transfigure the horror-movie genre. ... Psychological horror is horror based on knowledge and situation as opposed to horror based on gore and fright. ... Alfred Hitchcock Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KCB, (13 August 1899 â€“ 29 April 1980) was a British film director closely associated with the thriller genre. ... This article is about the novel and the movies based on it. ... See also: 1959 in film 1960 1961 in film 1950s in film 1960s in film years in film film Events April 20 - for the first time since coming home from military service in Germany, Elvis Presley returns to Hollywood, California to film August 10 - Filming of West Side Story begins. ... The supernatural (Latin:super- exceeding+nature) comprises forces and phenomena that cannot be perceived by natural or empirical senses, and whose understanding may be said to lie with religious, magical, or otherwise mysterious explanation â€”yet remains firmly outside of the realm of science. ... Michael Powell film-maker. ... Peeping Tom is a 1960 psycho film by the British film director Michael Powell. ... This is a list of film-related events in 1991. ... Jodie Foster and Anthony Hopkins in the film version The Silence of the Lambs is a novel by Thomas Harris, his second to feature sociopath psychiatrist and cannibal Dr. Hannibal Lecter. ... The beginning of the 20th century saw the arrival of film as a new medium. ... Thriller films are movies that primarily use action and suspense to engage the audience. ... Reputed ghost of a monk. ... MONSTER is a manga created by Naoki Urasawa. ... The Innocents is a 1961 film based on the novel The Turn of the Screw by Henry James. ... See also: 1960 in film 1961 1962 in film 1960s in film years in film film Events Last Year at Marienbad (Lannée dernière à Marienbad) released Top grossing films North America The Guns of Navarone Exodus The Parent Trap The Absent-Minded Professor The Alamo Swiss Family Robinson Come... The Haunting is a classic horror film from 1963 directed by Robert Wise and based on The Haunting of Hill House, the classic horror novel by Shirley Jackson. ... See also: 1962 in film 1963 1964 in film 1960s in film years in film film Events June 12 — Cleopatra starring Elizabeth Taylor, Rex Harrison and Richard Burton premieres at the Rivoli Theatre in New York City. ... Strawberry Hill, an English mansion in the Gothic revival style, built by seminal Gothic writer Horace Walpole The gothic novel is an English literary genre, which can be said to have been born with The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole. ... The Birds can refer to several things: The Birds was a 1963 horror film by Alfred Hitchcock. ...

Low-budget gore-shock films from the likes of Herschell Gordon Lewis also appeared. Examples included 1963's Blood Feast (a devil-cult story) and 1964's Two Thousand Maniacs (a ghost town run by the shades of Southern redneck bigots), which featured splattering blood and bodily dismemberment. A splatter film or gore film is a type of horror film that deliberately concentrates on portrayals of gore and violence. ... Blood Feast, a 1963 film directed by Herschell Gordon Lewis, is an American exploitation film often considered the first gore or slasher film. ... The Devil is the name given to a supernatural entity who, in most Western religions, is the central embodiment of evil. ... See also: 1963 in film 1964 1965 in film 1960s in film years in film film Events March 6 - Laura Jaes 14th motion picture, Kissin Cousins is released to theaters. ... A street corner in the ghost town of Bodie, California. ... The Southern United States or the South, also known colloquially as Dixie, constitute a distinctive region covering a large portion of the United States, with its own unique heritage, historical perspective, customs, musical styles, and cuisine. ... In modern usage, redneck predominantly refers to a particular stereotype of whites from the Southern United States. ... Dismemberment is the act of cutting, tearing, pulling, wrenching or otherwise removing, the limbs of the condemned, causing prolonged, painful death. ...

One of the most influential horror films of the late 1960s was George Romero's Night of the Living Dead (1968). This zombie film was deemed "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" enough to be preserved by the National Film Registry. Blending psychological thriller with gore and social commentary, it moved away from the gothic horror trends of earlier eras and brought the horror into the lives of everyday man. George A. Romero (born 4 February 1940) is an American director, writer, editor, actor and composer. ... A young zombie and her victim Night of the Living Dead (1968) is a seminal horror film directed by George A. Romero which was to transfigure the horror-movie genre. ... See also: 1967 in film 1968 1969 in film 1960s in film years in film film Events October 30 - The film The Lion in Winter, starring Katharine Hepburn, debuts. ... An artistic interpetation of a zombie A zombie is traditionally an undead person in the Caribbean spiritual belief system of voodoo. ... The National Film Registry is the registry of films selected by the United States National Film Preservation Board for preservation in the Library of Congress. ...

1970s: Sexual Hangups and Schlock

With the demise of the Production Code of America in 1964, and the financial successes of the low-budget gore films churned out in the ensuing years, plus an increasing public fascination with the occult, the genre was able to be reshaped by a series of intense, often gory horror movies with sexual overtones, made as "A-movies" (as opposed to "B-movies"). Roman Polanski's Rosemary's Baby (1968) was a critical and popular success, and a precursor to the 1970s occult explosion, which included The Exorcist (1973) (directed by William Friedkin and written by William Peter Blatty, who also wrote the novel), and scores of other horror films in which the Devil of Christianity became the supernatural evil, often by impregnating women or possessing children. Evil children and reincarnation became popular subjects (such as Robert Wise's 1977 United Artists film Audrey Rose, which dealt with a man who claims his daughter is the reincarnation of another dead person). Being by doctrine invincible to solely human intervention, Satan-villained films also cemented the relationship between horror film genre, postmodern style and a dystopian worldview. The Production Code (also known as the Hays Code) was a set of guidelines governing the production of motion pictures. ... See also: 1963 in film 1964 1965 in film 1960s in film years in film film Events March 6 - Laura Jaes 14th motion picture, Kissin Cousins is released to theaters. ... The word occult comes from Latin occultus (hidden), referring to the knowledge of the secret or knowledge of the hidden and often meaning knowledge of the supernatural, as opposed to knowledge of the visible or knowledge of the measurable, usually referred to as science. ... The term B-movie originally referred to a film designed to be distributed as the lower half of a double feature, often a genre film featuring cowboys, gangsters or vampires. ... Roman Polański Roman Polanski (born August 18, 1933) is a celebrated Polish film director and actor. ... Spoiler warning: Rosemarys Baby is the title of a 1967 horror novel by Ira Levin, in which a young religious woman and her husband move into a New York City, New York apartment next door to enthusiastic, oversolicitous neighbors. ... This article provides extensive lists of events and significant personalities of the 1970s. ... The Exorcist is an influential and successful 1973 horror film, adapted by William Peter Blatty from his 1971 novel of the same name. ... See also: 1972 in film 1973 1974 in film 1970s in film years in film film Events The Marx Brothers Zeppo Marx divorces his second wife, Barbara Blakely. ... William Friedkin (born August 29, 1935 in Chicago, Illinois) is a movie and television director, producer, and writer best known for directing The Exorcist and The French Connection in the early 1970s. ... William Peter Blatty, (born January 7, 1928), is a writer, probably most famous for the novel The Exorcist (1971) and the subsequent screenplay version. ... Gustave Dores depiction of Satan from John Miltons Paradise Lost Satan (×©×‚Ö¸×˜Ö¸×Ÿ Standard Hebrew Satan, Latin SÃ¡tanas, Tiberian Hebrew ÅšÄá¹Än; Aramaic ×©×‚Ö´×˜Ö°× Ö¸× Åšiá¹nÃ¢: both words mean Adversary; accuser) is an angel, demon, or minor god in many religions. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament writings of his early followers. ... A devil-child movie is a type of horror movie where the antagonist or anti-hero is a malicious child or child-like demon or child transformed by an evil force or something similar. ... Past Lives redirects here. ... Robert Wise (born September 10, 1914) is an Academy Award winning film producer and director. ... See also: 1976 in film 1977 1978 in film 1970s in film years in film film // Events In the Academy Awards, Peter Finch, Faye Dunaway and Beatrice Straight win Best Actor and Actress and Supporting Actress awards for Network. ... The current United Artists logo. ... Doctrine, from Latin doctrina, (compare doctor), means a body of teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the body of teachings in a branch of knowledge or belief system. ... Post-modernist architecture rejects the rigid geometricity of modernist design in favour of radical, often asymmetrical, forms Postmodernism is a term applied to a wide-ranging set of developments in critical theory, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, and culture, which are generally characterized as either emerging from, in reaction to, or... A dystopia (or alternatively cacotopia) is a fictional society, usually portrayed as existing in a future time, when the conditions of life are extremely bad due to deprivation, oppression, or terror. ...

The "new age" ideas of the 1960s hippies began to influence horror films, as the youth previously involved in the counterculture began exploring the medium of film. Wes Craven's The Last House on the Left (1972) and Tobe Hooper's The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1974) both pushed comfortable liberal boundaries to the edge; George Romero examined the rise of the new consumer society in his 1978 zombie sequel, Dawn of the Dead; Canadian director David Cronenberg updated the "mad scientist" movie subgenre by exploring contemporary fears about technology and society, and reinventing the "body horror" genre, starting with Shivers (1975). Also in the 1970s, horror author Stephen King, who was a teenager during the 1960s, first came on the film scene. Adaptations of many of his books came to be filmed for the screen, beginning with Brian DePalma's adaptation of King's first published novel, Carrie (1976). And John Carpenter, who had previously directed stoner comedy Dark Star (1973), created the hit Halloween (1978), introducing the teens-threatened-by-superhuman-evil theme, and kick-starting the "slasher film" genre. This genre would be mined in dozens of increasingly violent movies throughout the 1980s. Michael Myers from the Halloween series of films File links The following pages link to this file: Halloween (movie) Slasher film Michael Myers (Halloween) ... Michael Myers from the Halloween series of films File links The following pages link to this file: Halloween (movie) Slasher film Michael Myers (Halloween) ... Michael Myers, unstoppable psycho-killer The Halloween films are a series of horror movies, of which the first film is considered one of the most important and influential of the genre. ... New Age describes a broad movement characterized by alternative approaches to traditional Western culture. ... The 1960s, or The Sixties, in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1960 and 1969, but the expression has taken on a wider meaning over the past twenty years. ... Hippies (singular hippie or sometimes hippy) were members of the 1960s counterculture movement who adopted a communal or nomadic lifestyle, renounced corporate nationalism and the Vietnam War, embraced aspects of Buddhism, Hinduism, and/or Native American religious culture, and were otherwise at odds with traditional middle class Western values. ... In sociology, counterculture is a term used to describe a cultural group whose values and norms are at odds with those of the social mainstream, a cultural equivalent of a political Opposition. ... Wesley Earl Craven (born August 2, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American film director and writer best known as the creator of many horror films, including the Nightmare on Elm Street & Scream feature film series. ... The Last House on the Left is a 1972 horror film written and directed by Wes Craven. ... See also: 1971 in film 1972 1973 in film 1970s in film years in film film Top grossing films The Godfather Fiddler on the Roof Diamonds Are Forever Whats Up, Doc?, starring Barbra Streisand and Ryan ONeal Dirty Harry The Last Picture Show A Clockwork Orange Cabaret, starring... Tobe Hooper is an American television and film director best known for his work in the horror film genre. ... The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a low-budget horror film, made in 1974 by director Tobe Hooper and starring Marilyn Burns, Gunnar Hansen, Edwin Neal, Allen Danzinger, Paul A. Partain, and Jim Siedow. ... See also: 1973 in film 1974 1975 in film 1970s in film years in film film Events February 7 - Blazing Saddles is released in USA May 1 - George Lucas creates the first draft of what would eventually become Star Wars. ... George A. Romero (born 4 February 1940) is an American director, writer, editor, actor and composer. ... In economics, consumers are individuals or households that consume goods and services generated within the economy. ... See also: 1977 in film 1978 1979 in film 1970s in film years in film film Events February 1 - Bob Dylans film Renaldo and Clara, a documentary of the Rolling Thunder Revue tour premieres in Los Angeles, California March 1 - Charlie Chaplins coffin is stolen from a Swiss... A sequel is a work of fiction in literature, film, and other creative works that is produced after a completed work, and is set in the same universe but at a later time. ... Dawn of the Dead is a zombie horror film, the second in George A. Romeros Living Dead series of films (following Night of the Living Dead (1968)). This shocking movie, in addition to launching the so-called splatter craze in horror films, received much critical acclaim for, among other... David Paul Cronenberg (born March 16, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian horror and science fiction film director, who has also worked as an actor. ... They LAUGHED at my theories at the institute! Fools! Ill destroy them all! Caucasian, male, aging, crooked teeth, messy hair, lab coat, spectacles/goggles, dramatic posing â€” one popular stereotype of mad scientist. ... Body horror is horror based on a sense of physical wrongness in the body. ... Shivers (also known as The Parasite Murders, or They Came from Within) is a 1975 film directed by David Cronenberg. ... See also: 1974 in film 1975 1976 in film 1970s in film years in film film // Events January 28 - George Lucas creates the second draft of what would eventually become Star Wars. ... This article provides extensive lists of events and significant personalities of the 1970s. ... Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is a prolific American author best known for his horror novels. ... Brian De Palma (born September 11, 1940 in Newark, New Jersey) is an American film director. ... Carrie (1974) was Stephen Kings first published novel. ... See also: 1975 in film 1976 1977 in film 1970s in film years in film film Events March 22 - Filming begins on George Lucas Star Wars science fiction film. ... John Carpenter John Howard Carpenter (born January 16, 1948 in Carthage, New York) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film music composer. ... A stoner film (or stoner movie) is colloquial term referring to a subgenre of movies depicting the use of marijuana. ... Dark Star is a 1973 motion picture directed by John Carpenter and co-written with Dan OBannon. ... See also: 1972 in film 1973 1974 in film 1970s in film years in film film Events The Marx Brothers Zeppo Marx divorces his second wife, Barbara Blakely. ... Michael Myers, unstoppable psycho-killer The Halloween films are a series of horror movies, of which the first film is considered one of the most important and influential of the genre. ... See also: 1977 in film 1978 1979 in film 1970s in film years in film film Events February 1 - Bob Dylans film Renaldo and Clara, a documentary of the Rolling Thunder Revue tour premieres in Los Angeles, California March 1 - Charlie Chaplins coffin is stolen from a Swiss... The slasher film is a sub-genre of the horror genre. ... // Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ...

1979's Alien combined the naturalistic acting and graphic violence of the 1970s with the monster movie plots of earlier decades, and re-acquainted the horror film with the science fiction genre. It spawned a long-lasting franchise, and countless imitators, overs the next 30 years. Events March 5 - Production begins on The Empire Strikes Back, the sequel to Star Wars. ... Alien (1979), directed by Ridley Scott, is an extremely popular and influential science fiction/horror film that spawned several sequels and imitators. ... Poster for The Day the Earth Stood Still, an archetypal science fiction film Science fiction as a genre of film making has been an element of the cinema experience since the earliest days of the motion picture industry. ...

At the same time, there was an explosion of horror films in Europe, particularly from the hands of Italian filmmakers like Mario Bava, Dario Argento and Lucio Fulci, and Spanish filmmakers like Jacinto Molina (aka Paul Naschy), which were dubbed into English and filled drive-in theaters that could not necessarily afford the expensive rental contracts of the major American producers. These films generally featured more traditional horror subjects - e.g. vampires, werewolves, psycho-killers, demons, zombies - but treated with a distinctive European style that included copious gore and sexuality (of which mainstream American producers overall were still a little skittish). Notable national outputs were the "giallo" genre from Italy and late-period Hammer Horror from the UK. A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... The history of Italian cinema began a just few months after the LumiÃ¨re brothers had discovered it, and it was precisely with a few seconds of film in which Pope Leo XIII was blessing the camera. ... Mario Bava (July 31, 1914-April 27, 1980) was an Italian director and cinematographer who is remembered as one of the greatest names of the golden age of Italian horror movies. ... Dario Argento (born September 7, 1940) is a film director, producer and screenwriter well known for his work in the typically Italian giallo genre, and for his influence on modern horror and slasher movies. ... Lucio Fulci (born June 17, 1927 in Rome, Italy - died March 13, 1996 in Rome, Italy (diabetes-related illness)) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and actor. ... Spanish cinema is not held in as high esteem worldwide as French or American cinema. ... Paul Naschy, from his real name Jacinto Molina, is a Spanish movie actor and screenwriter. ... Drive-ins are an important pop-culture memory for many. ... Further reading Christopher Frayling - Vampyres: Lord Byron to Count Dracula 1992. ... A werewolf in folklore and mythology is a person who changes into a wolf, either by purposefully using magic in some manner or by being placed under a curse. ... Serial killers are individuals who have a history of multiple slayings of victims who were usually unknown to them beforehand. ... The demon Satan In folklore, mythology, and religion, a demon is a supernatural being that is generally described as an evil spirit, but is also depicted to be good in some instances. ... For other uses see Zombie (disambiguation) A zombie is a kind of undead, or figuratively, a very apathetic person. ... A film producer oversees the making of movies. ... Giallo is an Italian 20th century genre of literature and film. ... Hammer horror refers to a series of gothic horror films produced from the late 1950s until the 1970s by the British film production company Hammer Film Productions Ltd. ...

1980s: Horror Series and Splatter Comedies

Almost any successful 1980s horror film received sequels. For example, 1982's Poltergeist (directed by Tobe Hooper), dealing with a family who live in a house that unknown to them is on the site of a former cemetery, thereby causing evil forces to kidnap their youngest daughter, was followed by two sequels and a television series. The endless sequels to Halloween, Friday the 13th (1980), and Wes Craven's supernatural slasher A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) were the popular face of horror films in the 1980s, a trend reviled by most critics. Nevertheless, original horror films continued to appear sporadically: Clive Barker's Hellraiser (1987) and Don Mancini's Child's Play (1988) were both critically praised, although their success again launched multiple inferior sequels. // Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ... See also: 1981 in film 1982 1983 in film 1980s in film years in film film // Events January 11 - Production begins on the Star Wars sequel, Return of the Jedi. ... The Poltergeist movies are a trilogy of horror films produced in the 1980s. ... Graves at Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York A cemetery or graveyard is a place (usually an enclosed area of land) in which dead bodies are buried. ... Friday the 13th is a 1980 slasher film directed by Sean S. Cunningham and written by Victor Miller. ... See also: 1979 in film 1980 1981 in film 1970s in film 1980s in film years in film film Events April 30 - The Roger Daltrey film, McVicar, opens in London. ... A Nightmare On Elm Street (NOES for short) is a series of horror films that were exceptionally popular in the 1980s. ... See also: 1983 in film 1984 1985 in film 1980s in film years in film film Events Tri-Star Pictures, a joint venture of Columbia Pictures, HBO, and CBS, releases its first film. ... Clive Barker (born October 5, 1952, Liverpool, England) is a British author, director and visual artist. ... Hellraiser DVD cover Hellraiser is a horror film exploring the themes of sadomasochism and morals under duress. ... See also: 1986 in film, other events of 1987, 1988 in film, list of years in film. // Events May 9 - Actor Tom Cruise marries actress Mimi Rogers. ... Childs Play is a 1988 horror film, written by Don Mancini and directed by Tom Holland. ... Childs Play is a 1988 horror film, written by Don Mancini and directed by Tom Holland. ... See also: 1987 in film, other events of 1988, 1989 in film, list of years in film. Events Michael Jacksons first film was Moonwalker Top grossing films Rain Man, starring Dustin Hoffman and Tom Cruise Who Framed Roger Rabbit Coming to America Big, starring Tom Hanks Crocodile Dundee II...

As the cinema box office returns for serious, gory modern horror began to dwindle (as exemplified by John Carpenter's The Thing (1982)), it began to find a new audience in the growing home video market, although the new generation of films was much less sombre in tone. Motel Hell (1980) and Frank Henenlotter's Basket Case (1982) were the first 1980s films that utilized the dark conventions of the previous decade while campily mocking them (zombie films like Night of the Living Dead and Dawn of the Dead had contained black comedy and satire, but were too dark and moody to be funny). Stuart Gordon's Re-Animator, Dan O'Bannon's The Return of the Living Dead, and Lloyd Kaufman's The Toxic Avenger (all 1985), soon followed. In Evil Dead II (1987), Sam Raimi's explicitly slapstick sequel to the relatively sober film The Evil Dead (1981), the laughs were often generated by the gore, defining the archetypal splatter comedy. New Zealand director Peter Jackson followed in Raimi's footsteps with the ultra-gory micro-budget feature Bad Taste' (1987). The term box office can refer to either: A place where tickets are sold to the public for admission to a venue The amount of business a particular production, such as a movie or theatre show, does. ... The Thing DVD. Cover art by Drew Struzan The Thing is a 1982 science fiction film directed by John Carpenter. ... The home video business rents and sells videocassettes or DVDs to the public. ... See also: 1979 in film 1980 1981 in film 1970s in film 1980s in film years in film film Events April 30 - The Roger Daltrey film, McVicar, opens in London. ... Basket Case can refer to: a 1982 film by Frank Henenlotter â€” see Basket Case (film); or a 1994 song by Green Day â€” see Basket Case (song); or a 2002 novel by Carl Hiaasen â€” see Basket Case (novel). ... Black comedy, also known as black humor, is a subgenre of comedy and satire where topics and events normally treated seriously â€“ death, mass murder, sickness, madness, terror, drug abuse, et cetera â€“ are treated in a humorous or satirical manner. ... Satire is a literary technique of writing or art which principally ridicules its subject (for example, individuals, organizations, or states) often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. ... Re-Animator is the first in a series of films based on a H.P. Lovecraft story made in 1985 starring Jeffrey Combs as Dr. Herbert West Categories: Movie stubs ... Dan OBannon (born Daniel Thomas OBannon on September 30, 1946 in St. ... Return of the Living Dead is a series of films that was produced between 1985-93. ... Lloyd Kaufman is an American film director and producer. ... WOWOWOW WHAT A GOOD MOVIE. ... See also: 1984 in film, other events of 1985, 1986 in film, list of years in film. Events Top grossing films Back to the Future, starring Michael J. Fox, Christopher Lloyd and Lea Thompson Rambo: First Blood Part II, starring Sylvester Stallone Rocky IV, starring Sylvester Stallone The Color Purple... Evil Dead II (also known as Evil Dead 2: Dead by Dawn and Evil Dead II, the Sequel to the Ultimate Experience in Grueling Terror) is a sequel to the movie The Evil Dead by Sam Raimi and starring Bruce Campbell. ... Sam Raimi Samuel Marshall Sam Raimi (born October 23, 1959 in a Jewish family) is an American film director, producer, and writer. ... Slapstick is a type of comedy involving exaggerated physical violence. ... Film poster The Evil Dead The Evil Dead (AKA The Book Of The Dead, Sam Raimis The Evil Dead, or The Evil Dead, the Ultimate Experience in Grueling Horror) is a 1981 horror film directed and written by Sam Raimi, starring Bruce Campbell. ... See also: 1980 in film 1981 1982 in film 1980s in film years in film film Events January 19 - Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer acquires beleaguered concurrent United Artists. ... A splatter film or gore film is a type of horror film that deliberately concentrates on portrayals of gore and violence. ... Peter Jackson in Wellington (New Zealand) Peter Jackson CNZM is a film writer, director and producer born in Pukerua Bay, New Zealand to Bill and Joan Jackson on October 31, 1961. ... Bad Taste is a low-budget 1987 cult film, one of the first directed by Peter Jackson, in which aliens invade an isolated New Zealand village in order to harvest human beings for their fast food franchise but are repelled by a three-man paramilitary force. ...

Horror films continued to cause controversy: in the UK, the growth in home video led to growing public awareness of horror films of the types described above, and concern about the ease of availability of such material to children. Many films were dubbed "video nasties" and banned. In the USA, Silent Night, Deadly Night, a very controversial film from 1984, failed at theatres and was eventually withdrawn from distribution due to its subject matter: a killer Santa Claus. Video nasty was a term coined in the United Kingdom in the 1980s that originally applied to a number of films distributed on video that were held by some to be unfit for domestic viewing. ... Silent Night, Deadly Night is a slasher film that came out in 1984, starring Robert Brian Wilson, Lilyan Chauvin, Gilmer McCormick, Toni Nero, Britt Leach, and Leo Geter. ... See also: 1983 in film 1984 1985 in film 1980s in film years in film film Events Tri-Star Pictures, a joint venture of Columbia Pictures, HBO, and CBS, releases its first film. ... A common portrayal of Santa Claus. ...

1990s: Was the genre dead, or just sleeping?

In the first half of the 1990s, the genre continued with themes from the 1980s. The genre managed mild commercial success with films such as continuing sequels to the Child's Play and Leprechaun series. The Canadian film Cube (1997) was perhaps one of the most interesting horror films of the 1990s, in that it was based around a relatively novel concept, was able to evoke a wide range of different fears, and touched upon a variety of social themes (such as fear of bureaucracy) that had previously been difficult to capture. Blair Witch Project movie poster From: http://www. ... Blair Witch Project movie poster From: http://www. ... The Blair Witch Project is a low budget 1999 horror film in which three young film students mysteriously disappear from the face of the earth after being stalked through the woods, lost and kept awake by an unseen antagonist. ... // Events and trends The 1990s are generally classified as having moved slightly away from the more conservative 1980s, but keeping the same mind-set. ... Childs Play is a 1988 horror film, written by Don Mancini and directed by Tom Holland. ... Leprechaun is a 1993 horror film starring Warwick Davis and Jennifer Aniston. ... The Cinema of Canada has produced many people who have made an impact in general cinema. ... DVD cover Cube is a 1997 Canadian sci-fi movie directed by Vincenzo Natali. ... This is a list of film-related events in 1997. ... Bureaucracy is a sociological concept of government and its institutions as an organizational structure characterized by regularized procedure, division of responsibility, hierarchy, and impersonal relationships. ...

The fact was, the adolescent audience which had feasted on the blood and morbidity of the previous two decades had grown up, and the replacement audience for films of an imaginative nature were being captured by the explosion of science-fiction and heroic fantasy films laden with computer-generated imagery and nonstop violent action. Poster for The Day the Earth Stood Still, an archetypal science fiction film Science fiction as a genre of film making has been an element of the cinema experience since the earliest days of the motion picture industry. ... The seawater creature in The Abyss marked CGIs acceptance in the visual effects industry. ...

To re-connect with its audience, the genre began to transform into more self-mocking irony and outright parody, especially in the later half of the 1990s, as the horror film became more attuned with its own history. Peter Jackson's Braindead (1992) (AKA Dead-Alive in the USA) took the splatter film as far as it could go, to ridiculous excesses for comic effect. Francis Ford Coppola's film, Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992), featured an ensemble cast and the style of a different era, harking back to the sumptuous look of 1960s Hammer Horror. Wes Craven's Scream movies, starting in 1996, featured teenagers who were fully aware of, and often made reference to, the history of horror movies, and mixed ironic humour with the shocks. It re-ignited the dormant slasher film genre. Adolf Hitler: layered visual irony? // Defining irony Irony is a form of speech in which the real meaning is concealed or contradicted by the words used. ... In contemporary usage, parody is a form of satire that imitates another work of art in order to ridicule it. ... Brain Dead Cover Braindead (1992) is a cheerfully extreme zombie horror-comedy directed by Peter Jackson. ... See also: 1991 in film, other events of 1992, 1993 in film, list of years in film. Events January 12 - HAL 9000 is activated, the computer in the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey (fictional event: date taken from the film) Top grossing films Aladdin Home Alone 2: Lost in New... A splatter film or gore film is a type of horror film that deliberately concentrates on portrayals of gore and violence. ... Francis Ford Coppola (born April 7, 1939 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American film director, screenwriter, vintner, magazine publisher, and hotelier. ... Bram Stokers Dracula is a 1992 movie produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola based on the novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. ... The 1960s, or The Sixties, in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1960 and 1969, but the expression has taken on a wider meaning over the past twenty years. ... Hammer horror refers to a series of gothic horror films produced from the late 1950s until the 1970s by the British film production company Hammer Film Productions Ltd. ... Scream is a 1996 horror/dark comedy film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson. ... This is a list of film-related events in 1996. ... The slasher film is a sub-genre of the horror genre. ...

Of popular English-language horror films in the late 1990s, only 1999's surprise independent hit The Blair Witch Project attempted straight-ahead scares. But even then, the horror was accomplished in the ironic context of a mockumentary, or mock-documentary. Together with the international success of Hideo Nakata's Ringu in 1997, it launched a trend in horror films to go "low-key", concentrating on unnerving and unsettling themes. M. Night Shyamalan's The Sixth Sense (1999) was a spectacularly successful example. See also: 1998 in film, other events of 1999, 2000 in film, list of years in film. Events April 7 - Star Wars fans begin lining up at movie theaters in Westwood and Hollywood to buy tickets for Star Wars, Episode I - The Phantom Menace May 3 - A Durham, North Carolina... The Blair Witch Project is a low budget 1999 horror film in which three young film students mysteriously disappear from the face of the earth after being stalked through the woods, lost and kept awake by an unseen antagonist. ... Mockumentary (portmanteau of mock documentary. ... Hideo Nakata (中田秀夫 Nakata Hideo, born July 19, 1961) is a Japanese film director. ... Ringu (ãƒªãƒ³ã‚°, the Ring) is a 1998 Japanese horror mystery film from director Hideo Nakata, adapted from a novel by Koji Suzuki of the same name. ... This is a list of film-related events in 1997. ... M. Night Shyamalan (last name pronounced , born Manoj Nelliyattu Shyamalan, on August 6, 1970 in Pondicherry, India) is a screen writer and director. ... The Sixth Sense (1999) is a film that tells the fictional story of a troubled, isolated boy (played by Haley Joel Osment) and a child psychologist (played by Bruce Willis) who tries to help him. ...

Millenial horror

Ringu launched a revival of serious horror filmmaking in Japan ("J-Horror") leading to such films as Takashi Shimizu's Ju-on (2000) and Kiyoshi Kurosawa's Pulse (2001). Other advances in horror were made through Japanese animation (for example the gruesome 'guro' animation), as Japanese culture reached new heights of popularity in the West (the first horror-themed anime began appearing in the west in the late 1980s). J-Horror is a term used to refer to Japanese contributions to horror fiction in popular culture. ... Takashi Shimizu (清水崇 Shimizu Takashi, born 27 July 1972 in Maebashi City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese film director. ... Ju-on (呪怨) is the title of a series of four horror films by Japanese director Takashi Shimizu. ... This is a list of film-related events in 2000. ... Kiyoshi Kurosawa (黒沢清 Kurosawa Kiyoshi) is a Japanese filmmaker. ... See also: 2000 in film, other events of 2001, 2002 in film and the list of years in film. For the 1968 science-fiction film and novel, see 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... A scene from Cowboy Bebop (1998) Anime (ã‚¢ãƒ‹ãƒ¡) is Japanese animation, sometimes referred to in the Western world by the portmanteau Japanimation. ... Ero-guro (グロ) is a genre of Japanese pornography and hentai involving blood, gore, disfiguration, mutilation, urine, enemas, or feces. ... A Japanese traditional dancer // Japanese culture and language After several waves of migrations from the Asian continent and nearby Pacific islands, followed by heavy importation of culture from China and Korea, the inhabitants of Japan experienced a long period of relative isolation from the outside world. ... // Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ...

The plundering of horror film history gained steam, including sequels, homages, and remakes of, films long established from previous decades. Some notable box office revivals included the merging of two old franchises in Freddy vs. Jason (2003), the re-imagining of the Universal monsters in Van Helsing (2004), the prequel to The Exorcist, called Exorcist: The Beginning (2004), and further entries in the Halloween series (Halloween: Resurrection (2002)) and Child's Play series (Seed of Chucky (2004)). Remakes of previous successes included Gore Verbinski's remake of Ringu (The Ring (2002)), Dawn of the Dead (2004), and The Amityville Horror (2005). The zombie genre enjoyed a revival around the world, fuelled, in part, by the success of the "survival horror" genre of videogames (themselves inspired by films). Some of these games were also turned into films (Resident Evil (2002), Uwe Boll's House of the Dead (2003)). Homage is generally used in modern English to mean any public show of respect to someone to whom you feel indebted. ... In film, a remake may refer to a newer version of a previously released film, or a newer version of the source (play, novel, story, etc. ... Movie poster for Freddy vs. ... See also: 2002 in film, other events of 2003, 2004 in film and the list of years in film Events February 24 - The Pianist, directed by Roman Polanski, wins 7 Cesar Awards: Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Sound, Best Production Design, Best Music and Best Cinematography. ... Universal Horror is the name given to the distinctive horror films made by Universal Studios in California from the 1920s through to the 1950s. ... Van Helsing is a 2004 action / horror film directed by Stephen Sommers. ... This is a list of film-related events in 2004. ... Categories: Movie stubs | 2004 films | Horror films | Exorcism ... This is a list of film-related events in 2002. ... Seed of Chucky is the 2004 sequel to Childs Play. ... Gore Verbinski, born Gregor Verbinski, is a movie director and writer. ... The Ring is a 2002 American film, a remake of the Japanese horror mystery Ringu (1998). ... Dawn of the Dead (2004) is a remake of George Romeros 1978 film of the same name. ... Promotional poster for The Amityville Horror The Amityville Horror is a 2005 horror film, directed by Andrew Douglas. ... This is a list of film-related events in 2005. ... An artistic interpetation of a zombie A zombie is traditionally an undead person in the Caribbean spiritual belief system of voodoo. ... The survival horror game is a prominent video game subgenre of action-adventure games or first-person shooters in which the player has to survive an onslaught of undead or creepy opponents, usually in claustrophobic environments in a third-person perspective. ... Resident Evil, known as Biohazard (ãƒã‚¤ã‚ªãƒã‚¶ãƒ¼ãƒ‰) in Japan, is a successful franchise of horror-adventure video games developed by Capcom. ... Uwe Boll (born June 22, 1965 in Wermelskirchen, Germany) has come into public light as a director of films based on video games, such as House of the Dead, Alone in the Dark, the forthcoming BloodRayne, Hunter: The Reckoning, Fear Effect, Dungeon Siege, and Far Cry and several others he... Note: For the Russian novel written by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, please see The House of the Dead House of the Dead is a first-person shooter arcade game released in 1998 by Sega, where the player assumes the role of a government agent who must shoot his way through an army...

Original horror entries in the 2000s were a mixed bag of teen exploitation (such as the Final Destination movies, starting in 2000) and more serious attempts at mainstream horror, notably the further horror-suspense films of M. Night Shyamalan. Saddam Hussein shortly after his capture Major controversy over U.S. presidential election, 2000 September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on New Yorks World Trade Center and Virginias Pentagon killing almost 3000 people. ... Exploitation is the name given to genre of films, extant since the earliest days of moviemaking, but popularized in the 1970s. ... Movie poster for Final Destination Final Destination is a 2000 horror movie that is directed by James Wong. ...

Other notable items

Notable directors

Dario Argento (born September 7, 1940) is a film director, producer and screenwriter well known for his work in the typically Italian giallo genre, and for his influence on modern horror and slasher movies. ... Charles Albert Browning, Jr. ... John Carpenter John Howard Carpenter (born January 16, 1948 in Carthage, New York) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film music composer. ... Wesley Earl Craven (born August 2, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American film director and writer best known as the creator of many horror films, including the Nightmare on Elm Street & Scream feature film series. ... David Paul Cronenberg (born March 16, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian horror and science fiction film director, who has also worked as an actor. ... Movie director who worked for Hammer Films. ... Hammer horror refers to horror films produced in the late 1950s through the 1970s by the British film studio Hammer Films. ... Freddie Francis is a British cinematographer and film director born in 1917. ... George Andrew Romero (born 4 February 1940) is an American director, writer, editor, actor, and composer. ... This is a page about the film director James Whale. ...

Notable actors

See also: List of scream queens A scream queen is an actress famous for appearances in horror films, usually as a beautiful woman trying to escape a monster or serial killer. ...

Bruce Campbell lectures on his life as a B Movie actor. ... John Carradine (February 5, 1906 - November 27, 1988) was an American actor. ... Lon Chaney in The Phantom of the Opera Lon Chaney, Sr. ... Lon Chaney, Jr. ... Peter Cushing (left) as Grand Moff Tarkin Peter Cushing (26 May 1913–11 August 1994) was a British actor, best known for playing Dr Frankenstein and Professor van Helsing in Hammer films, often opposite Christopher Lee as Dracula. ... Robert Barton Englund, born June 6, 1949 in Glendale, California, is an American actor. ... Michael Gough (born November 23, 1917 in Malaya) is an English character actor. ... Christopher Lee This article is about the actor. ... Peter Lorre, 1946, by Yousuf Karsh Peter Lorre (June 26, 1904 â€“ March 23, 1964) was an actor especially known for playing roles with sinister overtones in Hollywood crime films and mysteries. ... Bela Lugosi as Dracula United States stamp BÃ©la Lugosi was the stage name of actor BÃ©la Ferenc DezsÅ‘ BlaskÃ³ (October 20, 1882â€“August 16, 1956). ... Donald Pleasence as Ernst Stavro Blofeld in the James Bond film You Only Live Twice Donald Pleasence (October 5, 1919 - February 2, 1995) was an English actor. ... Vincent Price on Broadway as Mr. ...

Notable films

Film poster for An American Werewolf in London An American Werewolf in London is a horror film released in 1981, written and directed by John Landis. ... A film poster for The Blob The Blob is an independently-made American science-fiction film from 1958, filmed in color and widescreen, that achieved instant success and is still recognized today partly because it starred Steve McQueen and Aneta Corsaut in their first film roles, and partly because it... Elsa Lanchester and Boris Karloff in The Bride of Frankenstein Bride of Frankenstein 1999 release DVD cover Bride of Frankenstein is a horror film released April 22, 1935, which is a sequel to the 1931 film Frankenstein. ... Film poster for Creature from the Black Lagoon Creature from the Black Lagoon is a 79-minute 1954 black-and-white science fiction film created and produced by Universal-International Pictures Inc. ... The Devil Rides Out is a Hammer Horror film starring Christopher Lee and Charles Gray. ... Dr. Terrors House of Horrors is a 1964 British horror film from Amicus Productions, directed by veteran horror film director Freddie Francis. ... DVD cover for The Omen The Omen is a 1976 horror film directed by Richard Donner and starring Gregory Peck, Lee Remick, David Warner, Harvey Stephens, Billie Whitelaw, Patrick Troughton, and Leo McKern. ... The Plague of the Zombies is a 1966 British horror film directed for Hammer by John Gilling. ... The Shining (1980) is a film by Stanley Kubrick based on the novel of the same name by Stephen King. ... Suspiria is a 1977 Italian horror film directed by Dario Argento, and co-written by Argento and actress Daria Nicolodi, whom Argento was romantically involved with at the time. ... // Information Videodrome movie poster. ...

Notable studios

Categories: Horror films | Movie genres American International Pictures was formed in 1956 from American Releasing Corporation by James H. Nicholson and Samuel Z. Arkoff, dedicated to releasing independently produced, low-budget films, primarily of interest to the teenagers of the 1950s. ... Amicus Productions was founded in the UK by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky, and served primarily as vehicle for Subotskys anthology horror films such as Dr. Terrors House of Horrors (1964), directed by genre stalwart Freddie Francis, and The House That Dripped Blood. ... Hammer horror refers to a series of gothic horror films produced from the late 1950s until the 1970s by the British film production company Hammer Film Productions Ltd. ... Universal Horror is the name given to the distinctive horror films made by Universal Studios in California from the 1920s through to the 1950s. ...

Contents

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