Horwich
Coordinates: 53.593576° N 2.55984° W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Horwich shown within Greater Manchester
Population	19,312 (2001 Census)
OS grid reference	SD639114
- London	177 miles (285 km) SE
Metropolitan borough	Bolton
Metropolitan county	Greater Manchester
Region	North West
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	BOLTON
Postcode district	BL6
Dial code	01204
Police	Greater Manchester
Fire	Greater Manchester
Ambulance	North West
UK Parliament	Bolton West
European Parliament	North West England
List of places: UK • England • Greater Manchester

Horwich (pronounced "Horrich") is a town and civil parish of the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England.^[1] Historically part of Lancashire, it lies at the edge of the West Pennine Moors and the borough of Chorley, with the M61 motorway and Blackrod close to the west. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Red_pog. ... Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England and has a population of 2. ... UK Census 2001 logo A nationwide census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... A modern compass card. ... The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ... The Metropolitan borough of Bolton is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. ... Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ... Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England and has a population of 2. ... The region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity of England in the United Kingdom. ... North West England is one of the nine regions of England. ... This is an alphabetical list of countries of the world, including independent states (both those that are internationally recognised and generally unrecognised), inhabited dependent territories and areas of special sovereignty. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ... UK postal codes are known as postcodes. ... The BL postcode area, also known as the Bolton postcode area,[1] is a group of postal districts around the town of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. ... The UK telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Numbering Plan, is regulated by the Office of Communications (Ofcom), which replaced the Office of Telecommunications (Oftel) in 2003. ... Greater Manchester Police (GMP) is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, in North West England. ... A Fire Appliance belonging to the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service The fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational... The Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide emergency fire & rescue service for the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, England. ... Crest of NHS ambulance services in England Crest of the Scottish Ambulance Service In the UK, the majority of ambulance services are provided under the National Health Service through local ambulance trusts. Each trust is specific to a county or area, and so the country is divided across a number... The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warners plans to reduce the number of NHS ambulance service trusts operating in the United Kingdom to 12. ... The United Kingdom House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament (MPs). ... Bolton West is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... This is a list of Members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom in the 2004 to 2009 session, ordered by name. ... North West England is a constituency of the European Parliament. ... List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places within counties List of places in Bedfordshire List of places in Berkshire List of places in Buckinghamshire List of places in Cambridgeshire List of places in Cheshire List of places in Cleveland List of places... This is a list of cities, towns and villages in the county of Greater Manchester, England. ... A civil parish (usually just parish) in England is a subnational entity forming the lowest unit of local government, lower than districts or counties. ... The Metropolitan borough of Bolton is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. ... Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England and has a population of 2. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. ... Lancashire is a county in North West England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ... Rivington Pike, a familiar local landmark The West Pennine Moors is an area of approximately 90 square miles of moorland and reservoir scenery, located in North West England, between the towns of Chorley, Bolton, Horwich and Blackburn. ... Chorley is a local government district with borough status, in Lancashire, England. ... The M61 motorway is a major road in England. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Horwich is roughly halfway from the larger towns of Bolton and Chorley (to the east and northwest respectively), and has a population of 19,312.^[2] Bolton is a large town in the north-west of England. ... {{infobox #REDIRECT [[UK place| |country = England |lat[[Media:Example. ...

Geography and administration

The landscape of the area is dominated by Winter Hill, Rivington Pike and the West Pennine Moors. Located roughly north of Highland Avenue in Somerville, Massachusetts, Winter Hill is home to a number of lovingly restored homes. ... Rivington Pike. ... Rivington Pike, a familiar local landmark The West Pennine Moors is an area of approximately 90 square miles of moorland and reservoir scenery, located in North West England, between the towns of Chorley, Bolton, Horwich and Blackburn. ...

1.k km south of the town centre is Red Moss, a 47.2 hectare (116.6 acre) Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) which was designated in 1995 because of its biological interest. Red Moss is the best example of lowland raised mire in Greater Manchester and is one of 21 SSSIs in the area. ^[3] A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom. ... Lütt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ... Huddersfield Narrow Canal at Marsden. ...

Civic history

Horwich was once a township in the historic ecclesiastical parish of Deane, in the Hundred of Salford of Lancashire.^[1] The term township generally means the district or area associated with a town. ... A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... The hundred of Salford (sometimes known as Salfordshire) was an ancient division of the county of Lancashire. ... Lancashire is a county in North West England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...

In 1837 Horwich joined with other townships (or civil parishes) in the area to form the Bolton Poor Law Union and took joint responsibility for the administration and funding of the Poor Law in that area.^[1] The term township generally means the district or area associated with a town. ... A civil parish (usually just parish) in England is a subnational entity forming the lowest unit of local government, lower than districts or counties. ... Bolton is a large town in the north-west of England. ... A Poor Law Union was a unit used for local government in the United Kingdom from the 19th century. ... Former workhouse at Nantwich, dating from 1780 The Poor Law was the system for the provision of social security in operation in England and the rest of the United Kingdom from the 16th century until the establishment of the Welfare State in the 20th century. ...

In 1872 the Horwich Local Board of Health was established for the area of the township, and was superseded by the creation of Horwich Urban District of the administrative county of Lancashire in 1894. Under the Local Government Act 1972 Horwich Urban District was abolished in 1974 and its area became a successor parish of the newly created Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester.^[1] Local Boards or Local Boards of Health were local authorities in urban areas of England and Wales from 1848 to 1894. ... In the British Isles an urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area. ... The division into counties is one of the larger divisions of England. ... The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c. ... Successor parishes are civil parishes created by the Local Government Act 1972 with the same boundaries as an urban district or municipal borough abolished by the Act. ... The Metropolitan borough of Bolton is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. ... Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England and has a population of 2. ...

On the 9th January 1974 Horwich was granted a Town Charter by the Earl Marshal, which officially gave Horwich the status of a town, which included a town mayor and town council. On the 6th December 1974 the Earl Marshal also granted and assigned an official Coat of Arms for the town. Horwich had been using an unofficial Coat of Arms.^[4] A city charter or town charter (generically, municipal charter) is a legal document establishing a municipality such as a city or town. ... Earl Marshal (alternatively Marschal or Marischal) is an ancient chivalric title used separately in England, Ireland and the United Kingdom. ... Ronda, Spain Main street in Bastrop, Texas, a small town A town is a community of people ranging from a few hundred to several thousands, although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan areas. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... In the United Kingdom, town councils are civil parish councils, where the civil parish is a town. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ...

In March 1990 the towns of Horwich and Crowborough (East Sussex) entered into a unique and historic twinning arrangement when they became the first towns within the United Kingdom to sign a Town Twinning Charter. The Charter was signed by the Town Mayors of Horwich and Crowborough at a ceremony in the Public Hall, Horwich on the 22nd March 1990 and in the Town Hall Crowborough on the 27th March 1990.^[5] Crowborough is the largest inland town in East Sussex, United Kingdom. ... East Sussex is a county in South East England. ... For the 1997 film, see Twin Town Sign denoting twin towns of Neckarsulm, Germany Town twinning is a concept whereby towns or cities in geographically and politically distinct areas are paired with the goal of fostering human contact and cultural links. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... City Hall is a 1996 film directed by Harold Becker. ...

History

Horwich's origins began as a hunting 'chase' (or hunting forest) in mediaeval times for the Barons of Manchester. Horwich continued as such until the 17th century, although the amount of woodland was reduced for house building and for fuel.^[6][7] Hunter and Huntress redirect here. ... Temperate rainforest on Northern Slopes of the Alborz mountain ranges, Iran A dense growth of softwoods (a conifer forest) in the Sierra Nevada Range of Northern California A decidous broadleaf (Beech) forest in Slovenia. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Baron is a specific title of nobility or a more generic feudal qualification. ... This page is about the City of Manchester in England. ...

During the 16th and 17th centuries other occupations began to take place in Horwich - Farming, Spinning, Weaving and Crofting. In 1770, two brothers, John and Joseph Ridgway moved their bleaching works from Bolton to Horwich.^[6][7] Farmlands in Hebei province, China. ... A hand-turned spinning wheel in action Cones of yarn for industrial use Spinning is the process of creating yarn (or thread, rope, cable) from various raw fiber materials. ... Tweed loom, Harris, 2004 Woven sheet Weaving is an ancient textile art and craft that involves placing two sets of threads or yarn made of fiber called the warp and weft of the loom and turning them into cloth. ... The Shetland Crofthouse Museum, with peat stacked out front. ... In chemistry, to bleach something generally means to whiten it or oxidize it. ... Bolton is a large town in the north-west of England. ...

It's not known when Horwich's first chapel was built, but in 1565 the Commissioners for Removing Superstitious Ornaments took various idolatrous items from Horwich Chapel. This chapel was replaced with a larger one in 1782 to accommodate the increasing population. The second chapel itself was replaced with an even larger church in 1831, which is still standing. Until 1853 Horwich was a chapelry in the historic ecclesiastical parish of Deane, after that date Horwich became an ecclesiastical parish of its own right.^[6][7] A chapel is a private church, usually small and often attached to a larger institution such as a college, a hospital, a palace, or a prison. ... Deane is a locality in the southwest of Bolton town, within Greater Manchester, England. ...

In the 17th and 18th century Horwich had a number of non-conformists in Horwich. In 1719 they built their own "new chapel" and named so to distinguish Horwich's (Anglican) "old chapel". This building is still known today as New Chapel. In the 18th and 19th centuries other non-conformist churches and chapels were built in Horwich.^[6][7] Nonconformism means to refuse to conform to common standards, conventions, rules, traditions, laws or the status quo. ... A chapel is a private church, usually small and often attached to a larger institution such as a college, a hospital, a palace, or a prison. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... A chapel is a private church, usually small and often attached to a larger institution such as a college, a hospital, a palace, or a prison. ...

Horwich Works

Main article: Horwich Works

In 1881 Horwich still had a small population with 3,761 inhabitants and around 900 houses, this hadn't changed much in the last fifty years. In the next 10 years Horwich was transformed into a town of 12,850 people in 1891.^[6][7] Horwich railway works was built in 1886 by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway in Horwich, near Bolton in Greater Manchester when it moved from its original works at Miles Platting. ...

In the spring of 1884 the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) started work to build a new large locomotive works in Horwich when the company's works at Miles Platting became too small. By November 1886 Horwich Locomotive Works became up and working when the first locomotives were taken in for repair. The first newly built locomotive (Number 1008) left the works in 1887. This locomotive is now preserved at the National Railway Museum.^[6][7][8][9] The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) was a major British railway company before the 1923 Grouping, although in 1922 it had already entered into a working agreement with the London and North Western Railway. ... Great Western Railway No. ... The area of Miles Platting in inner north Manchester, England, was intensively developed in the 19th century providing homes for the industrial workforce. ... Locomotives arranged around the turntable in the Great Hall. ...

In both the First and Second World Wars Horwich Works played an important part with the manufacture of tanks, munitions, etc.^[6][7] Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Munition is often defined as a synonyn for ammunition. ...

The original company which owned Horwich Locomotive Works was amalgamated in the early 20th century with other railway companies until they were eventually nationalised in 1948 by the Transport Act 1947 and becoming British Railways. In 1962, British Railways transferred control of all its main works to a central body called British Railways Workshops Division, with its headquarters in Derby. In 1970 this Workshops Division was renamed British Rail Engineering Limited (BREL).^[6][7][8][9] Nationalization is the act of taking assets into state ownership. ... The Transport Act, 1947 was part of the nationalisation agenda of Clement Attlees Labour government. ... British Railways (BR), later rebranded as British Rail, ran the British railway system, from the nationalisation of the Big Four British railway companies in 1948 until its privatisation in stages between 1994 and 1997. ... For other uses, see Derby (disambiguation). ... BREL stands for British Rail Engineering Limited, which was the engineering division of British Rail until the design and building trains in the UK was privatised. ...

The last steam locomotive constructed at Horwich Works left on November 27, 1957 and the last diesel built there left on December 28, 1962. Horwich Works was reduced to repairing engines and finally maintaining railway wagons. On February 18, 1983 BREL announced that the works was to close at the end of the year. Protest marches and spirited trade union resistance failed to alter the decision and so at 1 pm on Friday, December 23, 1983 Horwich Works closed after 97 years.^[6][7][8][9] for the singer see Jacques Brel BREL stands for British Rail Engineering Limited, which was the engineering division of British Rail Categories: Stub | British Rail(ways) ...

Demographics

Until the late 1700s Horwich was a very small rural community. In the 1800s the population increased slowly with the introduction of various industries. However, the biggest change was with the building of the locomotive works in 1885 which completely changed the town out of recognition.^[6][7]

The 1939 population is estimated from the National Registration figures. The 1941 census didn't take place because of the Second World War.^[10] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Present day

Horwich is home to a British Aerospace factory at Lostock, this was originally built about 1937 as a shadow factory for the de Havilland Airscrew Company manufacturing aircraft propellers. It once employed thousands of people but today under the MBDA nameplate it employs around 500. British Aerospace (BAe) was a UK aircraft manufacturer, now part of BAE Systems. ... Lostock is a mostly residential district of Bolton in Greater Manchester, lying about 3 miles to the west of the town centre. ... For other uses, see De Havilland (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A propeller can be seen as a rotating fin in water or a wing in air. ... MBDA is a European arms company which manufactures missiles and is the result of the 2001 merger of Aérospatiale-Matra Missiles (of EADS), Alenia Marconi Systems missile divisions and Matra BAe Dynamics. ...

Transport

The town is situated off junction 6 of the M61 motorway. The two main roads which run through the town are the A673 and the B6226. The M61 motorway is a major road in England. ... The Great Britain road numbering scheme is a numbering system used to classify and identify all major roads in Great Britain. ... The Great Britain road numbering scheme is a numbering system used to classify and identify all major roads in Great Britain. ...

In 1967 Horwich Railway Station closed; 32 years later Horwich Parkway Railway Station opened in 1999. Manchester Airport is 1 hour away by train. A Parkway railway station is a railway station that primarily serves a park and ride interchange rather than a township. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... For the United States airport, see Manchester-Boston Regional Airport. ...

Notable residents

• Vernon Kay - TV Presenter,

• Bernard Wrigley - Actor/Comedian

• Paul Mariner - England Footballer

Vernon Charles Kay (born 28 April 1974, in Bolton, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom) is an English television presenter and DJ who was in an advert for crisps. ... Bernard Wrigley is a singer, actor and comedian from Bolton, England. ... Paul Mariner (born Bolton, Lancashire, May 22, 1953) was a centre forward with Ipswich Town and England in the 1970s and 1980s. ...

References

Greater Manchester County Records Office, is located in Manchester, England. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini era. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini era. ... March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (63rd in leap years). ...

External links

• The Official Horwich Town Guide
• 1471 (Horwich) Air Cadets
• Horwich Carnival Races
• Horwich Cricket Club
• Horwich Cycling Club
• Horwich Heritage
• Horwich RMI Harriers
• Photos of Horwich