Japan

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Japan Image File history File links Imperial_Seal_of_Japan. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article Japan#Government and politics. ...

Politics of Japan Constitution Emperor (list) Akihito Imperial Household Agency Government Prime Minister (list) Shinzo Abe Cabinet Ministries National Diet House of Councillors House of Representatives Judicial system Elections 1990 - 1993 - 1996 - 2000 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2007 Political parties LDP - DPJ - NKP - JCP - SDP Political extremism Prefectures Fiscal policy Foreign policy / Foreign relations Human rights

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The House of Representatives (衆議院, Shūgiin^?) is the lower house of the Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors of Japan is the upper house. The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article Japan#Government and politics. ... For the CPR ocean liner, see Empress of Japan. ... The following is a traditional list of Emperors of Japan. ... Akihito () (born December 23, 1933) is the current Emperor ) of Japan, the 125th person to hold that title, according to the traditional order of succession. ... The Imperial Household Agency is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japans royal family. ... The Prime Minister of Japan (内閣総理大臣 Naikaku sōri daijin) is the usual English-language term used for the head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime Minister of the Cabinet. ... This is a historical list of individuals who have served as Prime Minister of Japan. ... {{nihongo|Shinzo Abe|安倍 晋三|Abe Shinzō|extra=pronounced [abe É•inzoː], born (September 21, 1954 – April 15, 2007) is the current Prime Minister of Japan, elected by a special session of the National Diet on September 26, 2006. ... The Cabinet (内閣, Naikaku) is the executive branch of the government of Japan. ... The most influential part of the executive of the Japanese government are the ministries. ... The National Diet of Japan ) is Japans legislature. ... The House of Councillors (参議院; Sangi-in) is the upper house of the Diet of Japan. ... In the Judicial System of Japan, the postwar constitution guarantees that all judges shall be independent in the exercise of their conscience and shall be bound only by this constitution and the Laws (Article 76). ... The Japanese political system has three types of elections: general elections to the House of Representatives held every four years (unless the lower house is dissolved earlier), elections to the House of Councillors held every three years to choose one-half of its members, and local elections held every four... Japan held a nationwide election to the House of Representatives, the more powerful lower house of the National Diet, on February 18, 1990. ... Japan held a nationwide election to the House of Representatives, the more powerful lower house of the National Diet, on July 18, 1993. ... A general election took place in Japan on October 20, 1996. ... Elections to the Shugi-In (House of Representatives) of the Japanese Diet were held on 25 June 2000. ... Incumbent Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi A general election took place in Japan on November 9, 2003. ... Elections to the House of Councillors, the upper house of the legislature of Japan, were held on July 11, 2004. ... For a breakdown of the results by block district with maps, see Results of Japan general election, 2005 Japan held a nationwide election to the House of Representatives, the more powerful lower house of the National Diet, on 11 September 2005, about two years before the end of the term... Elections to the House of Councillors, the upper house of the legislature of Japan, will be held on July 22, 2007. ... Political parties in Japan lists political parties in Japan. ... The Liberal Democratic Party ), frequently abbreviated to LDP or Jimintō ), is a conservative political party and the largest party in Japan, which has been ruling almost uninterruptedly since Japan regained independence after World War II. It is not to be confused with the now-defunct Liberal Party ), which merged with... The Democratic Party of Japan ) is a liberal party in Japan. ... The New Komeito (Japanese: , Kōmeitō), New Komei Party (the -tō suffix means party), or NKP is a political party in Japan formed by Daisaku Ikeda, leader of the Buddhist organisation Soka Gakkai. ... The Japanese Communist Party or Japan Communist Party (JCP) (in Japanese 日本共産党, Nihon Kyōsan-tō) is a political party in Japan. ... The Social Democratic Party (社会民主党 Shakai Minshu-tō, often abbreviated to 社民党 Shamin-tō; also abbreviated as SDP in English) is a political party of Japan. ... } While Japans political mainstream can be described as a one and a half party system, with the LDP being the dominant force, there is room for political extremism to the left and the right. ... The prefectures of Japan are the countrys 47 sub-national jurisdictions: one metropolis (都 to), Tokyo; one circuit (道 dō), Hokkaidō; two urban prefectures (府 fu), Osaka and Kyoto; and 43 other prefectures (県 ken). ... Monetary policy pertains to the regulation, availability, and cost of credit, while fiscal policy deals with government expenditures, taxes, and debt. ... The primary responsibility for the Japanese foreign policy, as determined by the 1947 constitution, is exercised by the cabinet and subject to the overall supervision of the National Diet. ... Despite the burst of the Japanese asset price bubble in the early 1990s and the subsequent slow economic growth, Japan remains a major economic and cultural power. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... The National Diet of Japan ) is Japans legislature. ... The House of Councillors chamber, in the National Diet Building in Tokyo. ...

The House of Representatives has 480 members, elected for four-year terms. Of these, 180 are elected from 11 multi-member constituencies by proportional representation, and 300 are elected from single-member constituencies. The House of Representatives is the more powerful of the two houses, able to override vetoes on bills imposed by the House of Councillors with a two-thirds majority. It can be dissolved by the Prime Minister at will, as it was by Junichiro Koizumi on August 8, 2005, due to a divide within his Liberal Democratic Party. Proportional representation (sometimes referred to as full representation, or PR), is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (grouped by a certain measure) obtain in elections and the percentage of seats they receive (usually in legislative assemblies). ... The Prime Minister of Japan (内閣総理大臣 Naikaku sōri daijin) is the usual English-language term used for the head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime Minister of the Cabinet. ... Junichiro Koizumi , born January 8, 1942) is a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Liberal Democratic Party ), frequently abbreviated to LDP or Jimintō ), is a conservative political party and the largest party in Japan, which has been ruling almost uninterruptedly since Japan regained independence after World War II. It is not to be confused with the now-defunct Liberal Party ), which merged with...

Right to vote and candidature

• Japanese nationals aged 20 years and older may vote.
• Japanese nationals aged 25 years and older may run for office in the lower house.

Differences between the Upper and Lower House

The House of Representatives has several powers not given to the House of Councillors. If a bill is passed by the lower house (the House of Representatives) but is voted down by the upper house (the House of Councillors) the House of Representatives can override the decision of the other chamber by a two-thirds vote in the affirmative. However, in the case of treaties, the budget, and the selection of the prime minister, the House of Councillors can only delay passage, but not block the legislation. As a result, the House of Representatives is considered the more powerful house. A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. ... An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. ... The House of Councillors (参議院; Sangi-in) is the upper house of the Diet of Japan. ... A treaty is a binding agreement under international law concluded by subjects of international law, namely states and international organizations. ... Budget generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. ...

Members of the House of Representatives, who are elected to a maximum of four years, sit for a shorter term than members of the House of Councillors, who are elected to full six-year terms. The lower house can also be dissolved by the Prime Minister or the passage of a nonconfidence motion, while the House of Councillors cannot be dissolved. Thus the House of Representatives is considered to be more sensitive to public opinion, and is termed the "lower house". The House of Councillors (参議院; Sangi-in) is the upper house of the Diet of Japan. ...

The term "lower house" is also a legacy of the 1889 Meiji Constitution, when the House of Peers functioned as an aristocratic upper house in a format similar to the House of Lords in the Westminster system, or the Reichsrat in the Prussian-based German government of the time. Jōyu (上諭) - The Emperors words (1) The Constitution of the Empire of Japan ), more commonly known as the Imperial or Meiji Constitution, was the fundamental law of the Empire of Japan from 29 November 1889 until 2 May 1947. ... The House of Peers (貴族院 Kizokuin) was the upper house of the Imperial Diet under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan (in effect from 11 February 1889 to 3 May 1947). ... Aristocracy is a form of government in which rulership is in the hands of an upper class known as aristocrats. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... The Houses of Parliament in London The Westminster system is a democratic parliamentary system of government modeled after that of the United Kingdom system, as used in the Palace of Westminster, the location of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... There was a Reichsrat in Germany, see Reichsrat (Germany) in the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary (Cisleithania), see Reichsrat (Austria) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 Prussia (German: ; Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Lithuanian: ; Polish: ; Old Prussian: PrÅ«sa) was, most recently, a historic state originating in East Prussia, an area which for centuries had substantial influence on German and European history. ...

Latest election result

Main article: Japan general election, 2005

For a breakdown of the results by block district with maps, see Results of Japan general election, 2005 Japan held a nationwide election to the House of Representatives, the more powerful lower house of the National Diet, on 11 September 2005, about two years before the end of the term... The Liberal Democratic Party ), frequently abbreviated to LDP or Jimintō ), is a conservative political party and the largest party in Japan, which has been ruling almost uninterruptedly since Japan regained independence after World War II. It is not to be confused with the now-defunct Liberal Party ), which merged with... The Democratic Party of Japan ) is a liberal party in Japan. ... The New Komeito (Japanese: , Kōmeitō), New Komei Party (the -tō suffix means party), or NKP is a political party in Japan formed by Daisaku Ikeda, leader of the Buddhist organisation Soka Gakkai. ... The Japanese Communist Party or Japan Communist Party (JCP) (in Japanese 日本共産党, Nihon Kyōsan-tō) is a political party in Japan. ... The Social Democratic Party (社会民主党 Shakai Minshu-tō, often abbreviated to 社民党 Shamin-tō; also abbreviated as SDP in English) is a political party of Japan. ... The Peoples New Party (国民新党 Kokumin Shintō) is a Japanese political party formed on August 17, 2005 in the aftermath of the defeat of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumis Japan Post privatisation bills which led to a snap election. ... The New Party Nippon (新党「日本」 Shintō Nippon) is a political party formed on August 21, 2005. ... New Party Daichi (新党 大地 Shintō Daichi) is a political party formed on August 18, 2005. ...

See also

• List of Districts of the House of Representatives of Japan

As of 2005, the House of Representatives of Japan is elected from a combination of multi-member districts and single-member districts. ...

External links

• House of Representatives Website (in English) - Official site of the House of Representatives