Hu Zongnan
16 May 1896 - 14 February 1962
Portrait
Place of birth	Zhenhai, Zhejiang, Republic of China
Place of death	Taiwan, Republic of China
Allegiance	Republic of China
Years of service	1924 - 1959
Rank	Captain, June 1926 Brigadier General, November 1927 Major General, 1930 Lieutenant General, 1936 General, 1947
Commands	2nd Regiment, 1st Div, July 1926 1st Division, First Army, May 1927 22nd Division, November 1927 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, April 1928 1st Division (reorg.), 1930 First Army, April 1936 Seventeenth Army, 1938 34th Army Group, 1938 8th Military Region, 1940 1st Military Region, 1944
Battles/wars	Northern Expedition Chiang-Gui War Chiang-Feng-Yan War Chinese Civil War (1935-1951) Battle of Shanghai Battle of Wuhan First Taiwan Strait Crisis
Other work	ROC Governor of Zhejiang

Hu Zongnan (Chinese: 胡宗南; Pinyin: Hú Zōngnán; Wade-Giles: Hu Tsung-nan), courtesy name Shoushan (壽山), was a general in the National Revolutionary Army and then the Republic of China Army. May 16 is the 136th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (137th in leap years). ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... February 14 is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... Image File history File links Hu_Zongnan. ... Zhenhai (Chen-Hai) is a district town of China, located to the mouth of the Yongjiang River. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Motto: None Anthem(s): National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei City (de facto) Nanjing (de jure)1 Largest city Taipei City Official language(s) Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  - President Chen Shui-bian  - Vice President Annette Lu  - Premier Su Tseng-chang Establishment Xinhai Revolution   - Declared... Motto: None Anthem(s): National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei City (de facto) Nanjing (de jure)1 Largest city Taipei City Official language(s) Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  - President Chen Shui-bian  - Vice President Annette Lu  - Premier Su Tseng-chang Establishment Xinhai Revolution   - Declared... Motto: None Anthem(s): National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei City (de facto) Nanjing (de jure)1 Largest city Taipei City Official language(s) Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  - President Chen Shui-bian  - Vice President Annette Lu  - Premier Su Tseng-chang Establishment Xinhai Revolution   - Declared... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article concerns the rank and title of Captain. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with a length of 30 days. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... A Brigadier General, or one-star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ... Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A General is an officer of high military rank. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Look up July in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Look up May in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... The Northern Expedition (北伐) was a military campaign led by the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) and the Communist Party of China from 1926 to 1927. ... Combatants Forces of Chiang Kai-shek Forces of the coalition of Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang and Li Zongren Commanders Han Fuju, Liu Zhi Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren Strength 600,000 800,000 Casualties ~95,000+ ~150,000+ Central Plains War (Traditional Chinese: , Simplified Chinese: , pinyin: Zhōngyúan... Combatants Chinese Nationalists Chinese Communists Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War (Traditional Chinese: , Simplified Chinese... Combatants Republic of China Empire of Japan Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Chu Shao-liang, Chang Fa-kuei Heisuke Yanagawa, Iwane Matsui Strength 600,000 troops in 75 divisions and 9 brigades, 250 airplanes 300,000 troops in 8 divisions and 6 brigades, 3000 airplanes, 300 tanks, 130 warships... Combatants National Revolutionary Army Military Region 5, 9, Soviet Air Force volunteers[1] Imperial Japanese Army, Central China Expeditionary Force, 11th Army, 2nd Army, China Area Fleet, Central China Aviation Army Corps Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Xue Yue, Wu Qiwei, Zhang Fakui, Wang Jingjiu, Ou Zhentong, Yu Jishi，Duan Langru... Taiwan Strait The First Taiwan Strait Crisis (also called the 1954-1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis or the 1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis) was a short armed conflict that took place between the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) governments. ... ROC can be: Roc is a mythical bird Roc is the second single release from Nâdiya selfnamed album. ... Are you kidding?, this is solid truth here, nothing escapes the eyes of Gov!!!, not even. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin, where pin means spell and yin means sound. The most common variant of pinyin in use is called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: , Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: HànyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n), also known as scheme... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... A General is an officer of high military rank. ... The National Revolutionary Army (NRA) (Chinese: 國民革命軍; pinyin: guo2 min2 ge2 ming4 jun1) was the national army of the Republic of China. ... The Republic of China Army (中華民國陸軍; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó LùjÅ«n) is the largest of the military branches of the Republic of China (Taiwan). ...

Hu was born in Zhenhai, Zhejiang on 16 May 1896. He was the first graduating class (1924) of Whampoa Military Academy. One of Chiang Kai-shek's favourite students, he took part in the Northern Expedition as CO of 2nd Regiment, 1st Division, First Army. In May 1927 he was promoted to deputy CO of 1st Division while retaining command of 2nd Regiment. In November of the same year he was assigned as CO of the 22nd Division and led the division during the second Northern Expedition in April 1928. In August his division was downsized to the 2nd Brigade of 1st Division, and he served as CO of this brigade which Chiang thought highly of. In 1929 and 1930 he led his brigade in the Central Plains War to defend the central government against the regional warlords such as the Gui clique, Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan. He was promoted and given command of a reorganised 1st Division upon his return. Zhenhai (Chen-Hai) is a district town of China, located to the mouth of the Yongjiang River. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... May 16 is the 136th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (137th in leap years). ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Chinese Military Academy emblem includes its motto, which was first proclaimed by Sun Yat-sen at the Whampoa Academys opening in 1924. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... The Northern Expedition (北伐) was a military campaign led by the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) and the Communist Party of China from 1926 to 1927. ... Look up May in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... August is the eighth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Combatants Forces of Chiang Kai-shek Forces of the coalition of Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang and Li Zongren Commanders Han Fuju, Liu Zhi Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren Strength 600,000 800,000 Casualties ~95,000+ ~150,000+ Central Plains War (Traditional Chinese: 中原大戰; Simplified Chinese: 中原大战; pinyin: Zhōngyúan... Feng Yü-hsiang (Traditional Chinese:馮玉祥, Simplified Chinese: 冯玉祥, pinyin: Féng Yùxíang; 1882-1948) was a warlord during the early years of the Republic of China. ... Yen Hsi-shan (閻錫山; pinyin: Yán Xíshān) (1883 - 1960) was a Chinese politician who served in the Republic of China government. ...

He participated in Chiang's communist extermination campaigns, was given command of First Army in 1936, and took part in the Battle of Shanghai and Wuhan, variously leading the Seventeenth Army, 34th Army Group, 8th Military Region and 1st Military Region. Hu proved himself in these battles and along with Tang Enbai, Xue Yue, and others, Hu became one of the Kuomintang generals his enemy deeply feared and respected. However, Hu's glory on the battlefields was short-lived, and much to the delight of his Japanese enemy, Hu nearly vanished after these battles and rarely participated in the rest of war because he was put in charge of more than 400,000 Kuomintang troops by Chiang Kai-shek to blackade the communist base in Shaanxi. Hu Zongnan would have preferred to die for his country on the battlefields fighting the Japanese invaders, even the communist agents infiltrated his inner circle would have to admit that Hu had shown his eagerness to fight the Japanese from time to time, but as a professional soldier, he dutifully carried out his order given by Chiang Kai-shek by staying at this job for the rest of war. During this time, Hu's rivary with Chen Cheng continued while his friendship with Dai Li deepened, eventually lead to Hu's marriage to his girlfriend who was first introduced to him by Dai Li. 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Republic of China Empire of Japan Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Chu Shao-liang, Chang Fa-kuei Heisuke Yanagawa, Iwane Matsui Strength 600,000 troops in 75 divisions and 9 brigades, 250 airplanes 300,000 troops in 8 divisions and 6 brigades, 3000 airplanes, 300 tanks, 130 warships... Combatants National Revolutionary Army Military Region 5, 9, Soviet Air Force volunteers[1] Imperial Japanese Army, Central China Expeditionary Force, 11th Army, 2nd Army, China Area Fleet, Central China Aviation Army Corps Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Xue Yue, Wu Qiwei, Zhang Fakui, Wang Jingjiu, Ou Zhentong, Yu Jishi，Duan Langru... Tang Enbai (汤恩伯, pinyin: Tāng Énbǎi or Tāng Énbó, 1898-1965, born in Wuyi, Zhejiang‍[1]) was a nationalist general in Kuomintang-governed China. ... Xue Yue (Chinese: 薛岳; pinyin: Xuē Yuè) (December 26, 1896 - December 26, 1998) was one of Nationalist Chinas best generals. ... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a centre-right political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of sitting Legislative... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a centre-right political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of sitting Legislative... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Shaanxi (Simplified Chinese: 陕西; Traditional Chinese: 陝西; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shensi, pronounced like Shahn-shee) is a north-central province of the Peoples Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... Chen Cheng (陳誠 Chén Chéng) (January 4, 1897 - March 5, 1965), was Vice President (1960 - 1965) and Premier (March 7, 1950 - June 7, 1954; June 30, 1958 - December 15, 1963) of the Republic of China and Chairman of Taiwan Province (1948). ... Dai Li General Dai Li (戴笠) (Tai Li) (1897-1946) was born in Zhejiang Province, China, the home province of President Chiang Kai-shek, and studied at the Whampoa Military Academy, where Chiang served as president. ... Dai Li General Dai Li (戴笠) (Tai Li) (1897-1946) was born in Zhejiang Province, China, the home province of President Chiang Kai-shek, and studied at the Whampoa Military Academy, where Chiang served as president. ...

After World War II, Hu Zongnan battled the Communist Party of China and in the early stage of the struggle, was once successful in taking Yan'an, the capital of the communist base in Shaanxi. However, Hu was unable to achieve any further significant victories because out of the original 400,000 troops he once commanded for most part of the war, a great portion was transferred to other commands after the war, leaving only 250,000 for Hu himself at the time. It was rumored that Hu's rivary within Kuomintang arounnd Chiang Kai-shek such as Chen Cheng convinced Chiang to reduce Hu's power, and with the death of his close ally Dai Li, there was nobody to defend Hu Zongnan infront of Chiang, and since Hu himself was in the distant land in the remote corner of China busy fighting the communists, he could not abondon his job and go to Chiang to explain himself in the political infighting within the Kuomintang. Although Hu Zongnan was a capable commander, he was nonetheless not a match for his communist opponent Peng Dehuai, and with the absolute numerical and technical superiorities, Hu's a quarter million troops not only failed to defeat the communist Peng Dehuai's 20,000 strong force, but after their initial success, also continously suffered numerous defeats that greatly reduced Hu's strength. The loss of his troops was so great that in March 1950, when Hu retreated to Taiwan, he was by himself and did not have any troops left. On Taiwan he served as governor of Zhejiang from 1952, commanded the ROC defense in the First Taiwan Strait Crisis and retired from the army in 1955. He went on to serve as the President's military strategy advisor until his death on 14 February 1962. Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... The Communist Party of China (CPC) (official name) also known as Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; Pinyin: Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng) is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Yanan (Chinese: 延安; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Yen-an), is a city in Shaanxi province, China. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Shaanxi (Simplified Chinese: 陕西; Traditional Chinese: 陝西; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shensi, pronounced like Shahn-shee) is a north-central province of the Peoples Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a centre-right political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of sitting Legislative... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... Chen Cheng (陳誠 Chén Chéng) (January 4, 1897 - March 5, 1965), was Vice President (1960 - 1965) and Premier (March 7, 1950 - June 7, 1954; June 30, 1958 - December 15, 1963) of the Republic of China and Chairman of Taiwan Province (1948). ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... Dai Li General Dai Li (戴笠) (Tai Li) (1897-1946) was born in Zhejiang Province, China, the home province of President Chiang Kai-shek, and studied at the Whampoa Military Academy, where Chiang served as president. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the 1925 death of Sun Yat-sen. ... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a centre-right political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of sitting Legislative... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Peng Dehuai . Péng Déhuái (T. Chinese: 彭德懷, S. Chinese: 彭德怀, Wade-Giles: Peng Te-huai) (October 24, 1898 - November 29, 1974) was a prominent Chinese Communist military leader. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Peng Dehuai . Péng Déhuái (T. Chinese: 彭德懷, S. Chinese: 彭德怀, Wade-Giles: Peng Te-huai) (October 24, 1898 - November 29, 1974) was a prominent Chinese Communist military leader. ... March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Taiwan Strait The First Taiwan Strait Crisis (also called the 1954-1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis or the 1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis) was a short armed conflict that took place between the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) governments. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 14 is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ...

External links

• 胡宗南
• Biography of General Hu Tsung-nan