Huai'an (Chinese: 淮安; Hanyu Pinyin: Huái'ān), known as Huaiyin (Chinese: 淮阴; Hanyu Pinyin: Huáiyīn) before 2001, is a prefecture-level city in northern Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. It borders Suqian to the northwest, Lianyungang to the north, Yancheng to the east, Yangzhou to the southeast, and the province of Anhui to the southwest. Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have always consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... A prefecture-level city (地级市 Pinyin: d , literally region-level city) or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The seat of government is the location of the government for a political entity. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... 100 Renminbi Yuan issued in 1999 Two Yuan bank notes dating 1926(bottom row), and 1936. ... The Peoples Republic of China officially describes itself as a multi-ethnic unitary state and as such officially recognizes 56 nationalities or Mínzú (民族), within China: the Han being the majority (>92%), and the remaining 55 nationalities being the national minorities. ... Han Chinese (Simplified Chinese: 汉族; Traditional Chinese: 漢族; pinyin: ) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China and the largest single human ethnic group in the world. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have always consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have always consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... Communist Party of China flag The Communist Party of China (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; pinyin: Zhōnggu ngchǎndǎng) is the ruling party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... A mayor (from the Latin maÄ«or, meaning larger,greater) is the politician who serves as chief executive official of some types of municipalities. ... The Chinese Telephone Code Plan is the way to group telephone numbers in mainland China. ... The Postal code for the Peoples Republic of China is under a numeric 6-digit system for the whole country. ... Blue PRC licence plates of the 1992 standard (August 2004 image). ... Pinyin (拼音, Pīnyīn) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration to roman script) for Standard Mandarin used in the... Pinyin (拼音, Pīnyīn) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration to roman script) for Standard Mandarin used in the... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... A prefecture-level city (地级市 Pinyin: d , literally region-level city) or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Jiangsu (Simplified Chinese: 江苏; Traditional Chinese: 江蘇; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng (省 shÄ›ng), which is an administrative division of China. ... Suqian (Simplified Chinese: 宿迁市; Pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in northern Jiangsu province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Lianyungang (连云港; pinyin: Liányúngǎng) is a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu province, in eastern China. ... Yancheng (Mandarin: 盐城) is a city located in northern Jiangsu Province, Peoples Republic of China (Postcode: 224001) with an area of 15,000 square kilometres and a population of 8,100,000. ... Yangzhou (Simplified Chinese: 扬州; Traditional Chinese: 揚州; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Anhui (Chinese: 安徽; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: An-hui; Postal System Pinyin: Ngan-hui, Anhwei or An-hwei) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Huai'an administers 8 county-level divisions, including 4 districts and 4 counties. A prefecture-level city (地级市 Pinyin: d , literally region-level city) or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have always consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... District, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. ... In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 (xiàn). ...

• Chuzhou District (楚州区)
• Huaiyin District (淮阴区)
• Qinghe District (清河区)
• Qingpu District (清浦区)
• Jinhu County (金湖县)
• Xuyi County (盱眙县)
• Hongze County (洪泽县)
• Lianshui County (涟水县)

These are further divided into 127 township-level divisions, including 84 towns, 33 townships and 10 subdistricts. Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have always consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... When referring to Political Divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 镇 (zhèn). ... When referring to Political Divisions of China, township is the standard English translation of the Chinese 乡 (xiāng). ... The Subdistrict is one of the smallest Political_divisions_of_China. ...

History

Ancient China

The area of Huai'an spans over ancient canal of Huai River and the name of Huai'an takes the hope of the residents for lasting peaceful Huai River.

Pre-History

It is said in ancient Chinese mythology that Yu the Great, the Chinese legendary on the ability of flood control techniques, was ever taming the Huai River here in Huai'an area. At the moment this page contains a list of links. ... King Yu of Xia of China, in chinese: 禹, (2070 BC-2061 BC),born Si Wen Ming, in chinese: 姒文命 , often called Da Yu (大禹,who mean Yu the Great). Yu was the legendary first Chinese monarch of the Xia Dynasty, considered as the founder of the dynasty. ...

The trail of activities of ancient Chinese living in about 5000 to 6000 years ago was found in the area and the most famous one is the Qingliangang Hill Civilization.

Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty

The borough area had been properly developed, and "was leading China in convenience of transportation and irritation". Gangou Drain (the section between Huaiyin and Yangzhou of the Grand Canal of China) connected the Yangtze River and the Huai He delta region and Qian Road and Shan Road on the land reached Southern and Northern China. So Huaiyin was critical area for several strong states in Spring and Autumn period. The region was occupied by Wu, Yue and Chu state one by another. The Grand Canal (Simplified Chinese: 大运河; Traditional Chinese: 大運河; pinyin: ) of China, also known as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (Simplified Chinese: 京杭大运河; Traditional Chinese: 京杭大運河; pinyin: ) is the largest ancient canal or artificial river in the world. ... Afternoon light on the jagged grey mountains rising from the Yangtze River gorge The Yangtze River (Simplified Chinese: 扬子江; Traditional Chinese: 揚子江; pinyin: ) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world after the Amazon in South America and the Nile in Africa. ... Huai He Huai River (Huaihe) is about mid-way between Yellow River (Huanghe) and Yangzi River. ...

Qin and Han Dynasty

After Qing Dynasty consolidated all states in China, County System was promoted throughout China. Huaiyin County (Matou Town of Huaiyin District today), Xuyi Country (Northern town of Xuyi County today), Dongyang (Maba of Xuyi County today) was built in the region today.

In the movement by rebelling farmers during the later years of Qing Dynasty, the people of Huai'an supported the rebel force, including the famous militia Han Xin who got many honors by his bravery and credit. Han Xin (Simplified Chinese:韩信;Traditional Chinese:韓信; pinyin: Hán Xìn) (?-196 BC), aka Marquess of Huaiyin (淮陰侯), was a capable Chinese general under Liu Bang. ...

In the epoch of West Han Dynasty, Huaipu County (Western Lianshui County today), Sheyang County (Southeast of Chuzhou District today) and Fulin County (under the water of Hongze Lake today) were built. Han commanderies and kingdoms AD 2. ...

During the period of Qing and Han Dynasty, great improvements, especially in the condition of irritaion, were made to the agriculture and manufacture. The Governor of Guanglin in the later years of East Han Dynasty, Cheng Deng, built Gaojiayang Levees (Hongze Lake Levees today), 30 miles in total, to constrain the flood and protect farm lands. He also built Pofu Pool for farm irritation. Iron-made apparatus and bull-farming were widely spread. So agriculture made fairly progress though a few of wars and battles took place there. Meanwhile, transportation and logistics kept improvement. The express way built by the Emperor I of Qing Dynasty went through the region and Cheng Deng also built West Way of Gaogou Drain and make more convenience for the traffic between Yangtze and Huai He area. Han commanderies and kingdoms AD 2. ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qīng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China, expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner Asia, establishing... Afternoon light on the jagged grey mountains rising from the Yangtze River gorge The Yangtze River (Simplified Chinese: 扬子江; Traditional Chinese: 揚子江; pinyin: ) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world after the Amazon in South America and the Nile in Africa. ... Huai He Huai River (Huaihe) is about mid-way between Yellow River (Huanghe) and Yangzi River. ...

Since then, handy crafts and business were developed and culture and arts were in high level, too. Home-teaching and private schools were flourished in Han Dynasty and lots of famous artists appeared, for example, the Han-text composers Mei Chen and Mei Gao, and Chen Lin, one of the Seven Scholars of Jian'an. Han commanderies and kingdoms AD 2. ...

Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties

Song and Yuan Dynasty

Ming and Qing Dynasty

R.O.China

Since P.R.China

Whole area of Huaiyin was occupied by Chinese communist army in December 1948 and became the territory of P.R.China.

District of Huaiyin

District of Huaiyin was established on April 21, 1949, operating 10 counties, which were: Huaiyin, Huaibao (built of west parts of Huai'an and Baoyin section of the Grand Canal of China and county office located at town of Chahe), Siyang, Shuyang, Guanyun, Suqian, Suining, Xin'an (built of parts of Shuyang and Suqian and county office located at town of Xin'an), Pisui (built of southern Longhai Road of Pixian and northern Suining and county office located at town of Tushan) and Lianshui. The district office was at Huaiyin County. The Grand Canal (Simplified Chinese: 大运河; Traditional Chinese: 大運河; pinyin: ) of China, also known as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (Simplified Chinese: 京杭大运河; Traditional Chinese: 京杭大運河; pinyin: ) is the largest ancient canal or artificial river in the world. ...

Huaibao County was dissolved on May 12, 1950 to Huaiyin, Huai'an and Baoyin County (belonging to District of Yangzhou). And District of Huaiyin had 9 counties then.

The city area of Huaiyin County was separated as Qingjiang City on December 18, 1950 and District of Huaiyin then had 1 city and 9 counties.

With the establishment of Jiangsu Province in January 1953, District of Huaiyin was transferred to the province. Xin'an County was renamed to Xinyi County and county office of Pisui was moved to town of Yunhe. District of Huaiyin then had Qingjiang City and 9 counties, Huanyin, Lianshui, Guanyun, Siyang, Shuyang, Xinyi, Suqian, Pisui and Suining. The district office was sited at Qingjiang City. Later in the year, Suining, Pisui and Xinyi was given to District of Xuzhou and then District of Huaiyin had one city and six counties. Jiangsu (Simplified Chinese: 江苏; Traditional Chinese: 江蘇; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ...

Qingjiang City was promoted to prefectual level of Jiangsu Province though was still operated by District of Huaiyin. Soon the district was joined by Huai'an County from District of Yancheng and in December by Sihong County from District of Suxian and Xuyi County from Disctrict of Chuxian in Anhui Province. The amount of all counties belonging to District of Huaiyin was 9.

In 1956 Hongze County was created from parts of Sihong, Huaiyin and Xuyi County with the county office sited at town of Gaoliangjian. The amount of counties then was 10.

In 1957 Xin'an Administrative Office was built from joint parts of Guanyun and Lianshui County and soon later renamed to Guannan County. The counties number reached 11.

Huaiyin County was merged in 1958 to Qingjiang City which was renamed to Huaiyin City and operated by District of Huaiyin, which had one city and 10 counties then.

However in 1964, Huaiyin City was renamed back to Qingjiang City and Huaiyin County was restored but the county office was sited in Qingjiang City.

Xuyi County was transferred to District of Luhe in 1966 and District of Huaiyin then had one city and 10 counties.

Huaiyin Region

Distrcit of Huaiyin was renamed to Huaiyin Region in 1970 with the region office sited at Qingjiang City, operating Qingjiang City and 10 counties, which were Guanyun, Guannan, Shuyang, Suqian, Siyang, Lianshui, Huaiyin, Huai'an, Hongze and Sihong.

Xuyi County was returned by Luhe Region in 1971 as well as new transferred Jinhu County. Then one city and 12 counties belonged to Huaiyin Region.

In 1975 the office of Huaiyin County was relocated at the town of Wangyin.

Huaiyin City

Qingjiang City was renamed to Huaiyin City again in 1983 and operated directly by Jiangsu Province with the end of Huaiyin Region. Meanwhile 11 counties, which were Guannan, Shuyang, Suqian, Siyang, Lianshui, Huaiyin, Sihong, Huai'an, Hongze, Xuyi and Jinhu, was transferred to new Huaiyin City while Guanyun County to Lianyungang City. The metropolitan area of Huaiyin City was splitted into two distrcts, Qinghe and Qingpu. Then 11 counties and 2 districts were belonging to Huaiyin City.

Suqian and Huai'an County was promoted to county-level cities in December 1987 by the order approved by Department of State, then renamed to Suqian and Huai'an City respectively. At the moment, Huaiyin City was operating 2 cities, 9 counties and 2 districts.

Suqian City was promoted to prefectual level of Jiangsu Province in 1996 and Shuyang, Siyang and Sihong County was transferred to Suqian City while Guannan County to Lianyungang City. After the adjustment, Huaiyin City had 5 counties, which were Huaiyin, Lianshui, Jinhu, Hongze and Xuyi, and 2 districts, Qinghe and Qingpu and was operating Huai'an City.

Huai'an City

By the order approved by Department of State on December 21, 2000, Huaiyin City was renamed to Huai'an City with the city office sited at Qinghe District while Chuzhou District was established from original Huai'an City with the district office at town of Huaichen and Huaiyin District was established from original Huaiyin County with the district office at town of Wangyin. The county borders were also be slightly modified.

Now Huai'an City are operating over 4 districts, Qinghe, Qingpu, Chuzhou and Huaiyin, and 4 counties, Xuyi, Lianshui, Jinhu and Hongze.

Notable people

• Han Xin (died 196 BC), late Qin Dynasty military general under Liu Bang, enfeoffed the Marquess of Huaiyin.
• Wu Cheng'en (1500–1582), Ming Dynasty novelist, author of the Journey to the West.
• Zhou Enlai (1898–1976), prominent Chinese Communist leader, Premier of the People's Republic of China since 1949 till death.

Han Xin (Simplified Chinese:韩信;Traditional Chinese:韓信; pinyin: Hán Xìn) (?-196 BC), aka Marquess of Huaiyin (淮陰侯), was a capable Chinese general under Liu Bang. ... The Qin Dynasty (秦朝 Pinyin Qín, Wade-Giles Chin; 221 BC - 207 BC) was preceded by the Zhou Dynasty and followed by the Han Dynasty in China. ... Emperor Gao (256 BC or 247 BC–June 1, 195 BC), commonly known inside China as Gaozu, personal name Liu Bang, was the first emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty, ruling over China from 202 BC until 195 BC, and one of only two dynasty founders who emerged from the... Wu Chengen (Traditional Chinese: 吳承恩; Simplified Chinese: 吴承恩; pinyin: Wú Chéngēn) (1500? or 1506?-1582) , was a Chinese novelist and poet of the Ming Dynasty. ... Ming Dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644. ... The four heros of the story, left to right: Sun Wukong, Xuanzang, Zhu Wuneng, and Sha Wujing. ... Zhou Enlai (Simplified Chinese: 周恩来; Traditional Chinese: 周恩來; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chou En-lai) (March 5, 1898 – January 8, 1976), a prominent Chinese Communist leader, was Premier of the Peoples Republic of China from 1949 until his death. ... Communist Party of China flag The Communist Party of China (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; pinyin: Zhōnggu ngchǎndǎng) is the ruling party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Premier ( Chinese: 总理 pinyin: zŏnglĭ), sometimes referred to as the Prime Minister, is the Chairman of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China and head of Central Peoples Government. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ...

External links

• Government website of Huai'an (in Simplified Chinese)