Huang Fu 黃郛 (1880-1936) was a general and politician in early republican China. He participated in the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 and was a friend of Chiang Kaishek. After the fall of Cao Kun in 1924, he became acting president of the Republic of China. He declared Cao's term illegal because it was obtained through bribery. He also repudiated the agreement which allowed Puyi to live in the Forbidden City. He later served under several offices during the Nanjing decade. The Xinhai Revolution (or Hsinhai Revolution, Chinese: 辛亥革命; pinyin: Xīnhài Gémìng), named for the Chinese year of Xinhai (1911), was the overthrow (October 10, 1911-February 12, 1912) of Chinas ruling Qing Dynasty, sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, and the establishment of the Republic of China. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... Tsao Kun (曹錕 Pinyin: Cáo Kūn) (1862-1938) was a commander in the Beiyang Army and through bribery became president of the Republic of China (on Beijing) from October 1, 1923 to November 2, 1924. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Office of the President of the Republic of China is located in Zhongzheng District, Taipei City. ... Puyi (Chinese:溥å;) (February 7, 1906âOctober 17, 1967) of the Manchu Aisin-Gioro ruling family was the Xuantong Emperor (宣統çå¸) of China between 1908 and 1924 (ruling emperor between 1908 and 1912, and non-ruling emperor between 1912 and 1924), the tenth and last emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty to... Overview of the Forbidden City The Forbidden City or Forbidden Palace (Chinese: ç´«ç¦å; Hanyu Pinyin: ; literally Purple Forbidden City), located at the exact center of the ancient city of Beijing, was the imperial palace during the mid-Ming and the Qing dynasties. ... Nanjing (Chinese: å京; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Nan-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Nanking), is the capital of Chinas Jiangsu Province and a city with a prominent place in Chinese history and culture. ...
Likewise, ma huang xi xin fu zi tang is used to treat wind-cold occurring in patients with underlying yang deficiency.
In summary, ma huang is a safe and effective herb as long as it is used according to the rules of Chinese medicine, which have been founded on direct clinical experience in the treatment of thousands of patients over many generations.
The only traditional substitution for ma huang that I'm aware of is the combination of fang feng and jing jie, but this substitution is only prescribed in the treatment of very weak patients; it wouldn't be used to treat patients who match the normal confirmation for ma huang use.