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Encyclopedia > Hudson Valley
For the magazine, see Hudson Valley (magazine).

The Hudson Valley refers to the canyon of the Hudson River and its adjacent communities in New York State, generally from northern Westchester County northward to the cities of Albany and Troy. Historically a cradle of European settlement in the northeastern United States and a strategic battleground in colonial wars, it now consists of suburbs of the metropolitan area of New York City at its southern end, shading into rural territory, including "exurbs," farther north. Image File history File links HudsonValley. ... Image File history File links HudsonValley. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Hudson Valley magazine Hudson Valley is a regional-interest monthly magazine that covers the Hudson Valley. ... Grand Canyon, Arizona Noravank Monastery complex and canyon in Armenia. ... The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk in Mahican or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami, Muhheakantuck, is a river that runs through the eastern portion of New York State and, along its southern terminus, demarcates the border between the states of New York and... State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York Governor George Pataki Official languages None Area 141,205 km² (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water 18,795 km² (13. ... Westchester County is a primarily suburban county with about 940,000 residents located in the U.S. state of New York. ... For other uses, see Albany. ... Looking west down Broadway at downtown Troy. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Commuters waiting for the morning train in Maplewood, New Jersey to travel to New York City A commuter town is an urban community that is primarily residential, from which most of the workforce commute out of the community to earn their livelihood. ...


Geographically, the Hudson Valley could refer to all areas along the Hudson River, including Bergen County, New Jersey. However, this definition is not commonly used and the Tappan Zee Bridge is often considered the southern limit of the area. Though Westchester County is often classified as part of the region, Westchester residents who live at the southern end of the county (and especially the parts closer to the Long Island Sound than the Hudson River) generally do not associate themselves with the region. Including all of Westchester County in the definition of the region would seem unusual to many and seem like something one might only read in a travel guide. In fact, there is a road sign on the New York State Thruway in Yonkers that suggests that the "Hudson Valley region" is located somewhere further to the north and west along the Thruway. Bergen County is the most populous county of the state of New Jersey, United States. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... The Governor Malcolm Wilson Tappan Zee Bridge, almost always referred to as the Tappan Zee Bridge or simply the Tappan Zee (though this can cause confusion with the body of water for which it is named) is a cantilever bridge in New York over the Hudson River at its widest... New York City waterways: 1. ... The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk in Mahican or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami, Muhheakantuck, is a river that runs through the eastern portion of New York State and, along its southern terminus, demarcates the border between the states of New York and... The New York State Thruway (officially the Governor Thomas E. Dewey Thruway) is a limited-access toll highway in the U.S. state of New York. ... Yonkers, just north of New York City in Westchester County, is the fourth largest city in the U.S. state of New York, with a population of 196,086 (according to the 2000 census). ...

Contents

History

At the time of the arrival of the first Europeans in the 17th century, the area of Hudson Valley was inhabited primarily by the Algonquian-speaking Mahican Native American people. The Algonquian (also Algonkian) languages are a subfamily of Native American languages that includes most of the languages in the Algic language family (the two Algic languages that are not Algonquian are Wiyot and Yurok of northwestern California). ... Mahicans settled the Hudson River south of the Mohawk River, moved east to Massachusetts, then to Wisconsin. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ...


The first Dutch settlement was in the 1610s with the establishment of Fort Nassau, a trading post (factorij) south of modern-day Albany, with the purpose of exchanging European goods for beaver pelts. Fort Nassau was later replaced by Fort Orange. During the rest of the 1600s, the Hudson Valley formed the heart of the New Netherland colony operations, with the New Amsterdam settlement on Manhattan serving as a post for supplies and defense of the upriver operations. The name Fort Nassau was used by the Dutch in the 17th century for several fortifications, mostly trading stations, named for the House of Orange-Nassau. ... Binomial name Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820 A taxidermied American Beaver The American Beaver (Castor canadensis) is a large semi-aquatic rodent native to Canada, most of the United States and parts of northern Mexico. ... Fort Orange (Dutch: Fort Oranje or Fort Oranije) was the first permanent Dutch settlement in New Netherland. ... Map based on Adriaen Blocks 1614 expedition to New Netherland, featuring the first use of the name. ... This article is about the settlement in present-day New York City. ... For other uses, see Manhattan (disambiguation). ...


During the French and Indian War in the 1750s, the northern end of the valley became the bulwark of the British defense against French invasion from Canada via Lake Champlain. Combatants France First Nations allies: Algonquin Lenape Wyandot Ojibwa Ottawa Shawnee Great Britain American Colonies Iroquois Confederacy Strength 3,900 regulars 7,900 militia 2,200 natives (1759) 50,000 regulars and militia (1759) Casualties 3,000 killed, wounded or captured 10,040 killed, wounded or captured The French and... Landsat photo Lake Champlain (French: lac Champlain) is a large lake in North America, mostly within the borders of the United States (states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the US-Canada border in the province of Quebec. ...


The valley became one of the major regions of conflict during the American Revolution. Part of the early strategy of the British was to sever the colonies in two by maintaining control of the river. John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen...


In the early 1800s, popularized by the stories of Washington Irving, the Hudson Valley gained a reputation as a somewhat gothic region inhabited by the remnants of the early days of the Dutch colonization of New York (see, e.g., The Legend of Sleepy Hollow). Washington Irving (April 3, 1783 – November 28, 1859) was an American author of the early 19th century. ... The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is a short story by Washington Irving contained in his collection The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. ...


Following the building of the Erie Canal, the area became an important industrial center and remained so until the mid 20th century, when many of the industrial towns went into decline. The Erie Canal (currently part of the New York State Canal System) is a canal in New York State, United States, that runs from the Hudson River to Lake Erie, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. ...

The Catskills seen from across the river.
The Catskills seen from across the river.

It also was the location of the estates of many wealthy New York industrialists, such as John D. Rockefeller, and of old-moneyed tycoons such as Franklin Roosevelt, who was a descendant of one the early Dutch families in the region. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 589 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,952 × 1,437 pixels, file size: 525 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 589 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,952 × 1,437 pixels, file size: 525 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... John Davison Rockefeller, Sr. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ...


The area is associated with the Hudson River School, a group of American Romantic painters who worked from about 1830 to 1870. Thomas Coles View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm, or The Oxbow, 1836 The Hudson River School was a mid-19th century American art movement by a group of landscape painters whose aesthetic vision was influenced by romanticism. ... Romantics redirects here. ...


The natural beauty of the Hudson Valley earned the Hudson River the nickname America's Rhine, the natural beauty of the Hudson Valley being compared to that of the famous 40 mile (65 km) stretch of Germany's Rhine River valley between the cities of Bingen and Koblenz. Similarly, a 30-mile (48 km) stretch of the east bank in Dutchess and Columbia counties has been designated a National Historic Landmark. For other uses, see Rhine (disambiguation). ... Location map of Bingen am Rhein Bingen am Rhein, or Bingen, or Bingen on the Rhine is a modern-day city located at the junction of the rivers Rhine and Nahe in western Germany near the city of Mainz. ... Map of the Koblenz region Koblenz (also Coblenz in pre-1926 German spellings; French Coblence) is a city situated on both banks of the Rhine at its confluence with the Moselle, where the Deutsches Eck (German Corner) and its monument ( Emperor William I on horseback) are situated. ... The Hudson River Historic District, also known as Hudson River Heritage Historic District, is the largest such district in the contiguous United States. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ...


Pollution and urban sprawl

Due to the decrease in industry within New York State over the past 40 to 50 years, parts of the Hudson Valley have seen economic decline and unemployment to a greater degree than other areas in the state. Still seen in the Valley today are abandoned factories and old buildings that are remnants of a once thriving region that included upscale theaters, lavish homes, resort-hotels, and health spas. The numerous factories that at one time lined the Hudson River poured garbage and industrial waste directly into the river. This pollution was not assessed in a comprehensive fashion until the 1970s. By that time, the largest company still operating factories in the area was General Electric, which became primarily responsible for cleaning the Hudson River. As of 2006, after decades of litigation, GE was still in the process of complying with government cleanup directives. Though swimming was banned in parts of the river in the early 1960s, the pollution has been steadily declining and, as a result, some municipalities have begun to allow people to swim in it again. CIA figures for world unemployment rates, 2006 Unemployment is the state in which a worker wants, but is unable, to work. ... A factory (previously manufactory) is a large industrial building where goods or products are manufactured. ... A destination spa is a business establishment which people visit for personal health, life enhancement, fitness, personal care treatments such as massages, facials, in a resort setting. ... Waste inside a wheelie bin Waste in a bin bag Waste, rubbish, trash, garbage, or junk is unwanted or undesired material. ... Industrial waste is a waste caused by industrial factories or mills. ... “GE” redirects here. ...


The crowding and high cost of living associated with the New York metropolitan area and its adjacent suburbs has led increasing numbers of people to move from these densely populated areas to the Hudson Valley, including parts as far north as greater Poughkeepsie, and commute into New York City to work. This demand for housing has resulted in increased residential development, and a significant increase in housing costs in the lower- and mid-Hudson Valley regions. Along with this residential development has come commercial development such as shopping malls, and other landmarks of suburbia and urban sprawl. Many long-time residents have reacted to this by forming environmental and preservationist groups dedicated to stopping further development. A cost-of-living index measures differences in the price of goods and services over time. ... New York–Northern New Jersey–Long Island is the most populous metropolitan area in the United States and is also one of the most populous in the world . ... Illustration of the backyards of a surburban neighbourhood Suburbs are inhabited districts located either on the outer rim of a city or outside the official limits of a city (the term varies from country to country), or the outer elements of a conurbation. ... Poughkeepsies Mid-Hudson Bridge Poughkeepsie is a city in New York and serves as the county seat of Dutchess County. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... For the traditional meaning of the word mall, see pedestrian street or promenade. ... “Suburbia” redirects here. ... Urban sprawl (also: suburban sprawl) is the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area. ... This article is about the natural environment. ...


While parts of the Valley today struggle with crime and poverty, other parts contain some of the wealthiest and safest communities in the nation (see, e.g., communities discussed in articles on Westchester and Putnam Counties). The overall effect of decreased industrialization and increased residential development has been a transformation of the region, especially in the lower- and mid-Hudson Valley, to an exurb struggling to balance the competing demands of maintaining the area's rural character with the conveniences and services of suburban living. A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows what he found. ... Westchester County is a suburban county with about 940,000 residents located in the U.S. state of New York. ... Putnam County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York . ...



Image:Wpdms_ev26188_hudson_valley.jpg The Hudson Valley in New York State in the United States. ...


Regions

The Hudson Valley is divided into three regions: Lower, Middle and Upper. The following is a list of the counties within the Hudson Valley sorted by region.


Lower Hudson

Mid-Hudson Westchester County is a suburban county with about 940,000 residents located in the U.S. state of New York. ... The Tappan Zee Bridge, in a view looking toward Rockland. ... Putnam County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York . ...

Upper Hudson Dutchess County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. ... The Orange County Government Center in Goshen, N.Y., designed by Paul Rudolph. ... Ulster County is a county located in the state of New York, USA. It sits in the states beautiful Mid-Hudson Region of the Hudson Valley. ...

Greene County is a county located in the state of New York. ... Rensselaer County is a county in the state of New York. ... Location in the state of New York Formed November 1, 1683 Seat Albany Area  - Total  - Water 1,381 km² (533 mi²) 25 km² (10 mi²) 1. ...

Cities and Towns

For other uses, see Albany. ... Annandale-on-Hudson is a hamlet in Dutchess County, New York, USA, in the Hudson Valley in the Town of Red Hook, across the Hudson River from Kingston. ... Nickname: Location in the state of New York Country United States State New York County Dutchess Government  - Mayor Clara Lou Gould (R) Area  - City  4. ... Brewster is a village located in the Town of Southeast in Putnam County, New York, USA. The population was 2,162 at the 2000 census. ... Carmel is a town located in Putnam County, New York, USA. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 33,006. ... Catskill can refer to either: The Catskill Mountains in New York State The Village of Catskill, New York The Town of Catskill, New York This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Chester is a village located in Orange County, New York. ... Cohoes is a city located at the northeast corner Albany County, New York, USA. It is called the Spindle City because of the importance of textile production to its growth. ... This article is about the village on the Hudson River. ... Much of the town can be seen from near its highest point on the northeast ridge of Schunemunk Mountain. ... Cortlandt Manor is a municipality located in the Town of Cortlandt in Northern Westchester County, NY. Formally shared a mailing address with Peekskill, Cortlandt Manor is situated directly north of Peekskill and east of Croton-on-Hudson, Crugers-on-Hudson, and Montrose. ... // Mayoral Election (vote for one) Ann Gallelli (D,CT) 44% Gregory Schmidt (A) 56% Trustee Election (vote for two) Leo Wiegman (D,CT) 25% Sally Odlandt (D,CT) 23% Thomas Brennan (A) 26% Susan Konig (A) 26% SOURCE: Village of Croton on Hudson Certified Results Croton-on-Hudson is a... East Fishkill is a town in Dutchess County, New York, USA. The population was 25,589 at the 2000 census. ... Main Street in Fishkill. ... Fort Montgomery is a census-designated place located in Orange County, New York. ... Goshen is a village located in Orange County, New York. ... Haverstraw is the name of two locations in Rockland County, New York: the Town of Haverstraw the Village of Haverstraw There is also a village of West Haverstraw. ... Location of Highland Falls in New York State Highland Falls, formerly named Buttermilk Falls, is a village in Orange County, New York, United States. ... The City of Hudson, the first chartered city of the entire United States, is located along the west border of Columbia County and the east bank of the Hudson River in Columbia County, New York, USA. The population was 7,524 at the 2000 census. ... Hyde Park is a town located in the northwest part of Dutchess County, New York, United States, just north of the city of Poughkeepsie. ... Kingston is a city in Ulster County, New York, United States. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Marlboro is a census-designated place located in Ulster County, New York. ... Milton, New York can refer to the following places in New York: Milton, Saratoga County, New York - a town Milton, Ulster County, New York - a community This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Erie Railroad, Middletown Station, James Street, July, 1971. ... Monroe is a town located in Orange County, New York. ... Newburgh is both a city and a town in Orange County, New York. ... New City is a hamlet (and also a census-designated place) in Rockland County, New York, USA. The population was 34,038 at the 2000 census. ... New Paltz is a town in Ulster County, New York, USA. The population was 12,830 at the 2000 census. ... New Windsor is a town in Orange County, New York, United States. ... The Tappan Zee Bridge from Nyack Pier Nyack is a village in Rockland County, New York, United States. ... Patterson is a town located in Putnam County, New York. ... Peekskill is a city in Westchester County, New York. ... Piermont is a village located in Rockland County, New York, United States. ... Pleasant Valley is a town in Dutchess County, New York, USA. The population was 9,066 at the 2000 census. ... Poughkeepsie City of Poughkeepsie Town of Poughkeepsie Poughkeepsie, Arkansas This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Red Hook is a town in Dutchess County, New York, USA. The population was 10,408 at the 2000 census. ... Rhinebeck is a village located in the Town of Rhinebeck in Dutchess County, New York. ... Saugerties is a town located in Ulster County, New York. ... Sleepy Hollow is a village in Westchester County, New York, United States. ... Stony Point is a town located in Rockland County, New York. ... Tivoli is a village in Dutchess County, New York, United States. ... Looking west down Broadway at downtown Troy. ... Valhalla is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in the town of Mount Pleasant in Westchester County, New York, USA. The population was 5,379 at the 2000 census. ... Wappingers Falls is a village in Dutchess County, New York, USA. The population was 4,929 at the 2000 census. ... Downtown Washingtonville, New York Washingtonville is a village in Orange County, New York, United States. ... West Point painting West Point is a federal military base (and a census-designated place) located in the Town of Highlands in Orange County, New York. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Yorktown is a town in Westchester County, New York, in the suburbs of New York City about 38 miles north of midtown Manhattan. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Hudson Valley - definition of Hudson Valley in Encyclopedia (434 words)
The Hudson Valley refers to the canyon of the Hudson River and its adjacent communities in New York State, generally from northern Westchester County northward to the city of Albany.
At the time of the arrival of the first Europeans in the 17th Century, the area of Hudson Valley was inhabited primarily by the Algonquin-speaking Mahican people.
During the rest of the 1600s, the Hudson Valley formed the heart of the New Netherland colony operations, with the New Amsterdam settlement on Manhattan serving as a post for supplies and defense of the upriver operations.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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