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A human interface device or HID is a type of computer device that interacts directly with and most often takes input from humans and may deliver output to humans. The term "HID" most commonly refers to the USB-HID specification. The term was coined by Mike Van Flandern of Microsoft when he proposed the USB committee create a Human Input Device class working group. The working group was renamed as the Human Interface Device class at the suggestion of Tom Schmidt of DEC because the proposed standard supported bi-directional communication. Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ...
A 3-dimensional motion controller is a computer interface device that allows a user to move in three diensions (X,Y,Z). ...
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Input is the term denoting either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a system and which activate/modify a process. ...
Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ...
// Information processing In information processing, output is the process of transmitting information by an object (verb usage). ...
The USB human interface device class (USB HID class) is a USB device class that describes human interface devices such as computer keyboards, computer mice, game controllers, and alphanumeric display devices. ...
Microsoft Corporation, (NASDAQ: MSFT, HKSE: 4338) is a multinational computer technology corporation with global annual revenue of US$44. ...
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The primary motivations for HID were to enable innovation in PC input devices and simplify the process of installing these devices. Prior to HID, devices usually conformed to very narrowly defined protocols for mice, keyboards and joysticks (for example the standard mouse protocol at the time supported relative x and y data and binary input for up to two buttons). Any innovation in hardware required overloading the use of data in an existing protocol or creation of custom device drivers and evangelization of a new protocol to application developers. By contrast all HID devices deliver self describing packages that may contain an infinite variety of data types and formats. A single HID driver on the PC parses the data and enables dynamic association of data I/O with application functionality. This has enabled rapid innovation and proliferation of new human interface devices.
The HID standard was developed by a working committee with representatives from several companies and the list of participants can be found in the "Device Class Definition for Human Interface Devices (HID)" document. The concept of a self describing extensible protocol was initially conceived by Mike Van Flandern and Manolito Adan working on a project named Raptor at Microsoft and independently by Steve McGowan working on a device protocol for Access Bus while at Forte. After comparing notes at a Consumer Game Developer Conference, Steve and Mike agreed to collaborate on a new standard for the emerging Universal Serial Bus USB. Microsoft Corporation, (NASDAQ: MSFT, HKSE: 4338) is a multinational computer technology corporation with global annual revenue of US$44. ...
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Common HIDs
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Most operating systems will recognize standard USB HID devices, like keyboards and mice, without needing a special driver. When installed, a message saying that a "HID-compliant device" has been recognized generally appears on screen. TUTOR, combined bus and truck simulator, for professional driver training. ...
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Note: USB may also mean upper sideband in radio. ...
In comparison, this message did not usually appear for the PS/2 5-pin DIN connectors which preceded USB for two reasons. First, PS/2 did not support Plug-And-Play which meant, among other things, that connecting a PS/2 keyboard or mouse while the PC was powered did not always work. Second, PS/2 does not support the HID protocol since it used its own protocol. PS/2 can refer to: IBM Personal System/2, a series of post-PC computers sold by IBM starting in 1987. ...
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Plug and Play is a term used in the computer field to describe a computers ability to have new devices, normally peripherals, added to it without having to restart the computer. ...
A USB HID is described by the USB human interface device class. Note: USB may also mean upper sideband in radio. ...
The USB human interface device class (USB HID class) is a USB device class that describes human interface devices such as computer keyboards, computer mice, game controllers, and alphanumeric display devices. ...
Components of the HID Protocol
In the HID protocol, there are 2 entities: the "host" and the "device". The device is the entity that directly interacts with a human, such as a keyboard or mouse. The host communicates with the device and receives input data from the device that device had received from the human. Output data flows from the host to the device and then to the human. The most common example of a host is a computer but some cellphones and PDAs also can be hosts. Cellular redirects here. ...
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The HID protocol makes implementation of devices very simple. Devices define their data packets and then present a "HID descriptor" to the host. The HID descriptor is a hardcoded array of bytes that describe the device's data packets. This includes: how many packets the device supports, how large are the packets, and the purpose of each byte and bit in the packet. For example, a keyboard with a calculator program button can tell the host that the button's pressed/released state is stored as the 2nd bit in the 6th byte in data packet number 4 (note: these locations only illustrative and are device specific). The device typically stores the HID descriptor in ROM and does not need to intrinsically understand or parse the HID descriptor. Some mouse and keyboard hardware in the market today is implemented using only an 8-bit CPU. CPU can stand for: in computing: Central processing unit in journalism: Commonwealth Press Union in law enforcement: Crime prevention unit in software: Critical patch update, a type of software patch distributed by Oracle Corporation in Macleans College is often known as Ash Lim. ...
The host is expected to be a more complex entity than the device. The host needs to retrieve the HID descriptor from the device and parse it before it can fully communicate with the device. Parsing the HID descriptor can be complicated. Multiple operating systems are known to have shipped bugs in the device drivers responsible for parsing the HID descriptors years after the device drivers were originally released to the public. However, this complexity is reason why rapid innovation with HID devices is possible. Windows XP loading drivers during a Safe Mode bootup A device driver, or a software driver is a specific type of computer software, typically developed to allow interaction with hardware devices. ...
The above mechanism describes what is known as HID "report mode". Because it was understood that not all hosts would be capable of parsing HID descriptors, HID also defines "boot mode". In boot mode, only specific devices are supported with only specific feature because fixed data packet formats are used. The HID descriptor is not used in this mode so innovation is limited. However, the benefit is that minimal functionality is still possible on hosts that otherwise would be unable to support HID. The only devices supported in boot mode are
- Keyboard - Only the core 104 keys are supported. Any advanced functionality is unavailable. For example, a particular US keyboard's QWERTY keys will function but the Calculator and Logoff keys will not.
- Mouse - Only the X-axis, Y-axis, wheel, and the first 3 buttons will be available. Any additional features on the mouse will not function.
One common usage of boot mode is during the first moments of a computer's boot up sequence. Directly configuring a computer's BIOS is often done using only boot mode. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Other Protocols Using HID Since HID's original definition over USB, HID is now also used in other computer communication buses. This enables HID devices that traditionally were only found on USB to also be used on alternative buses. This is done since existing support for USB HID devices can typically be adapted much faster than having to invent an entirely new protocol to support mice, keyboards, and the like. Known buses that use HID are: In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data or power between computer components inside a computer or between computers and typically is controlled by device driver software. ...
- Bluetooth HID - Bluetooth is a wireless communications technology. Several Bluetooth mice and keyboards already exist in the market place.
- Serial HID - Used in Microsoft's Windows Media Center PC remote control receivers.
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Windows Media Center on Windows Vista build 5536 Windows Media Center is an application designed to serve as a home-entertainment hub. ...
See also // Human–computer interaction (HCI), alternatively man–machine interaction (MMI) or computer–human interaction (CHI), is the study of interaction between people (users) and computers. ...
An Apple pro mouse A pointing device is any computer hardware component (specifically human interface device) that allows a user to input spatial (ie, continuous and multi-dimensional) data to a computer. ...
External links - HID from FOLDOC
- The USB Implementers Forum on HID
- MSDN Online HID
- HID files for Sony Ericsson phones
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