Humphry Repton (April 21, 1752 - March 24, 1818), was the last great English landscape designer of the eighteenth century, often regarded as the successor to Capability Brown; he also sowed the seeds of the more intricate and eclectic styles of the nineteenth century. His first name is often incorrectly rendered "Humphrey". Luis Barragán (Guadalajara, March 9, 1902 - Mexico City, November 22, 1988) was one of the most important Mexican architects of the 20th century. ... Geoffrey Bawa is considered Sri Lankas most prolific and influential architect. ... Lancelot Brown (1716 – 6 February 1783), more commonly known as Capability Brown, was an English landscape gardener. ... Nymphaea from Rariorum plantarum historia Charles de lÉcluse, LEscluse, or Carolus Clusius (Arras, February 19, 1526 - Leiden April 4, 1609), seigneur de Watènes, was the Flemish doctor and pioneering botanist, perhaps the most influential of all 16th century scientific horticulturists. ... Esther Dean : a leading Australian gardener and author. ... Charlie Dimmock (born 10 August 1966 in Romsey, Hampshire, England) is a british gardening expert and presenter. ... Ian Hamilton Finlay, Star. ... Lucy Douglas Cochrane (February 19, 1920 – November 8, 2003), better known as C.Z. Guest, was an American socialite who achieved a degree of fame as a fashion icon. ... Robert A de J Hart ( - March 7, 2000) was the pioneer of Forest Gardening in the UK. (Robert A.de J.Hart) Books by Robert Hart: The Forest Garden Forest Gardening (1991, 1996 revised) Beyond the Forest Garden The Inviolable Hills Ecosociety Forest Farming (with James Sholto Douglas) A web... Michael Heseltine walks out of the cabinet meeting having resigned, January 9, 1986 The Right Honourable Michael Ray Dibdin Heseltine, Baron Heseltine, CH, PC (born 21 March 1933), is a British Conservative politician and businessman. ... Derek Jarman Derek Jarman (January 31, 1942 - February 19, 1994) was a British film director, stage designer, artist, and writer. ... Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 N.S. – July 4, 1826) was the third President of the United States (1801–1809), principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential founders of the United States. ... Gertrude Jekyll (1843–1932) was an influential British garden designer, writer, and artist who created over 400 gardens in the UK, Europe and the USA. She also contributed over 1,000 articles to Country Life, The Garden and other magazines. ... William Kent William Kent (born in Bridlington, Yorkshire, c. ... Painting of André Le Nôtre by Carlo Maratti André Le Nôtre (March 12, 1613 - September 15, 1700) was a landscape architect and the gardener of King Louis XIV of France from 1645 to 1700. ... Peter Joseph Lenné (29 September 1789 — 23 January 1866) was a Prussian gardener and landscape architect from Bonn who worked in the German classicist style. ... Lucius Licinius Lucullus (c. ... Beverley Nichols (1898–1983) was a British writer. ... Frederick Law Olmsted, oil painting by John Singer Sargent, 1895, Biltmore Estate, Asheville, North Carolina Frederick Law Olmsted (April 26, 1822 – August 28, 1903) was a United States landscape architect, famous for designing many well-known urban parks, including Central Park in New York City, the countrys oldest coordinated... Russell Page (1906-1985) was a British landscape architect and garden designer. ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19c portrait. ... William Robinson (1838 - 1935) was a practical gardener and journalist whose ideas about wild gardens spurred the movement that is still recognized as the English cottage garden, an outgrowth of the British Arts and Crafts movement. ... Vita Sackville-West Vita Sackville-West (March 9, 1892 – June 2, 1962) was an English poet, novelist and gardener. ... William Shenstone (November 13, 1714 – February 11, 1763) was an English poet and one of the earliest practitoners of landscape gardening through the development of his estate, The Leasowes. ... It has been suggested that Sulayman be merged into this article or section. ... Statue of Theophrastus Theophrastus, a native of Eressos in Lesbos born c. ... Percy Thrower (30 January 1913 - 18 March 1988) was a British gardener. ... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC – March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Nero and Livia. ... Alan Titchmarsh, MBE (born 2 May 1949) is a presenter of a number of gardening programmes on UK television. ... Two John Tradescants, father and son, were among the earliest English botanists and plantsmen, travellers, collectors and all around polymaths. ... Edith Wharton Edith Wharton (January 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American novelist, short story writer, and designer. ... Albert Wilson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ... 1752 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in Leap years). ... 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the British Isles Languages None official English de facto Capital None official London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001... Landscape architecture is the art, planning, design, management, preservation and rehabilitation of the land and the design of man-made constructs. ... Lancelot Brown (1716 – 6 February 1783), more commonly known as Capability Brown, was an English landscape gardener. ...

Biography

Early life

Repton was born in Bury St Edmunds, the son of a collector of excise. In 1762 his father set up a transport business in Norwich, where Humphry attended the Grammar School. Aged 12 he was sent to Holland to learn Dutch and prepare for a career as a merchant. However, Repton was befriended by a wealthy Dutch family and the trip may have done more to stimulate his interest in 'polite' pursuits such as sketching and gardening. Map sources for Bury St Edmunds at grid reference TL8564 Bury St Edmunds is a town in the county of Suffolk, England, with a population of 35,015 (2001 census). ... The term excise has more than one legal meaning. ... Norwich (pronounced variously Norritch, Norridge) is a city in East Anglia, in Eastern England, and the regional administrative centre and county town of Norfolk. ... Holland is a region in the central-western part of the Netherlands. ...

Returning to Norwich, Repton was apprenticed to a textile merchant, then, after marriage to Mary Clarke in 1773, set up in the business himself. He was not successful, and when his parents died in 1778 used his modest legacy to move to a small country estate at Sustead, near Aylsham in Norfolk. Repton tried his hand as a journalist, dramatist, artist, political agent, and as confidential secretary to his neighbour William Windham of Felbrigg Hall during Windham's very brief stint as Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Repton also joined John Palmer in a venture to reform the mail-coach system, but while the scheme ultimately made Palmer's fortune, Repton again lost money. 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Aylsham is a historic market town on the River Bure in North Norfolk, England. ... Norfolk (pronounced IPA: ) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. ... William Windham (1780-1810) was an English statesman, born of an ancient Norfolk family. ... Felbrigg Hall is a 17th-century country house located in Felbrigg, Norwich, Norfolk. ... Official standard of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (plural: Lords Lieutenant), also known as the Judiciar in the early mediaeval period and as the Lord Deputy as late as the 17th century, was the Kings representative and head of the Irish executive during the... John Palmer is the name of several notable individuals, including: John McAuley Palmer (1817-1900), U.S. Civil War general and governor of Illinois; John McAuley Palmer (1870-1955), American First World War general and military theorist, the grandson of the first John McCauley Palmer; John Palmer (1785-1840), U...

Landscape gardener

His capital dwindling, Repton moved to a modest 'cottage' at Hare Street in Essex. In 1788, aged 36 and with four children and no secure income, he hit on the idea of combining his sketching skills with his limited experience of laying out grounds at Sustead to become a 'landscape gardener' (a term he himself coined). Since the death of Lancelot 'capability' Brown in 1783, no one figure had dominated English garden design; Repton was ambitious to fill this gap and sent circulars round his contacts in the upper classes advertising his services. His first paid commission was Catton Park in 1788. Essex is a county in the East of England. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Lancelot Brown (1716 – 6 February 1783), more commonly known as Capability Brown, was an English landscape gardener. ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Old Catton is a suburban village (population 5954) to the north-east of Norwich, England. ...

That Repton, with no real experience of practical horticulture, became an overnight success, is a tribute to his undeniable talent, but also to the unique way he presented his work. To help clients visualise his designs, Repton produced 'Red Books' (so called for their binding) with explanatory text and watercolours with a system of overlays to show 'before' and 'after' views. In this he differed from Brown, who had worked almost exclusively with plans and rarely illustrated or wrote about his work.

To understand what was unique about Repton it is useful to examine how he differed from Brown in more detail. Brown had worked for many of the wealthiest aristocrats in Britain, carving huge landscape parks out of old formal gardens and agricultural land. While Repton worked for equally important clients, such as the Dukes of Bedford and Portland, he was usually fine-tuning earlier work, often that of Brown himself. Where Repton got the chance to lay out grounds from scratch it was generally on a much more modest scale. On these smaller estates, where Brown would have surrounded the park with a continuous perimeter belt, Repton cut vistas through to 'borrowed' items such as church towers, making them seem part of the designed landscape. He contrived approach drives and lodges to enhance impressions of size and importance, and even introduced monogramed milestones on the roads around some estates, for which he was satirised by Thomas Love Peacock as 'Marmaduke Milestone, esquire, a Picturesque Landscape Gardener' in Headlong Hall. Thomas Love Peacock (October 18, 1785 - January 23, 1866) was an English satirist and author. ...

Capability Brown had been a large-scale contractor, who not only designed, but also arranged the realisation of his work. By contrast, Repton acted as a consultant, charging for his Red Books and sometimes staking out the ground, but leaving his client to arrange the actual execution. Thus many of Repton's 400 or so designs remained wholly or partially unexecuted and, while Brown became very wealthy, Repton's income was never more than comfortable.

Early in his career, Repton defended Brown's reputation during the 'picturesque controversy'. In 1794 Richard Payne Knight and Uvedale Price simultaneously published vicious attacks on the 'meagre genius of the bare and bald', criticising his smooth, serpentine curves as bland and unnatural and championing rugged and intricate designs, composed according to 'picturesque' principals of landscape painting. Repton's defence of Brown rested partly on the impracticality of many picturesque ideas; as a professional, Repton had to produce practical and useful designs for his clients. Richard Payne Knight (15 February 1750 - 23 April 1824) was a Classical scholar and connoisseur best known for his theories of picturesque beauty and for his interest in ancient phallic imagery. ... Uvedale Price (1747 - 1829) Author of the Essay on the Picturesque (1794), Uvedale Price was a Herefordshire landowner who was at the heart of the picturesque debate of the 1790s. ...

Paradoxically, however, as his career progressed Repton drew more and more on picturesque ideas. One major criticism of Brown's landscapes was the lack of a formal setting for the house, with rolling lawns sweeping right up to the front door. Repton re-introduced formal terraces, balustrades, trellis work and flower gardens around the house in a way that became common practice in the nineteenth century. He also designed one of most famous 'picturesque' landscapes in Britain at Blaise Castle. At Woburn Abbey, Repton foreshadowed another nineteenth century development, creating themed garden areas including a Chinese garden, American garden, arboretum and forcing garden. The mansion. ... The layout of Woburn before partial demolition. ...

Buildings played an important part in many of Repton's landscapes. In the 1790s he often worked with the relatively unknown architect John Nash, whose loose compositions suited Repton's style. Nash benefited greatly from the exposure, while Repton received a commission on building work. Around 1800, however, the two fell out, probably over Nash's refusal to credit the work of Repton's architect son John Adey Repton. Thereafter John Adey and Repton's younger son George often worked with their father, although George continued to work in Nash's office as well. It must have been particularly painful for Repton when Nash secured the prestigious work to remodel the Royal Pavilion at Brighton for the Prince Regent, for which Repton had himself submitted innovative proposals in an Indian style. Architect at his drawing board, 1893 An architect is a person involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ... John Nash (1752 – 13 May 1835) was a British architect responsible for much of the layout of Regency London. ... The Royal Pavilion The Royal Pavilion is a splendid palace built in Brighton, East Sussex, in the 19th Century as a seaside retreat for the then Prince Regent. ... Prince Regent (or Prince Regnant, as a direct borrowing from French language) is a prince who rules a country instead of a sovereign, e. ...

In 1811 Repton suffered a serious carriage accident which often left him needing to use a wheelchair for mobility. He died in 1818 and is buried in the Churchyard at Aylsham. Joyce Rollins is a lesbian. ... 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Aylsham is a historic market town on the River Bure in North Norfolk, England. ...

Publications

Repton published three major books on garden design: Sketches and Hints on Landscape Gardening (1795), Observations on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1803), and Fragments on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1816). These drew on material and techniques used in the Red Books. Several lesser works were also published, including a posthumous collection edited by John Claudius Loudon. 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... John Claudius Loudon (April 8, 1783 - 1843) was a Scottish botanist. ...

List of gardens

Repton produced designs for the grounds of many of England's foremost country houses: Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the British Isles Languages None official English de facto Capital None official London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001... For the Blur single, see Country House (song). ...

• Attingham Park
• Bayham Abbey Picture: [1]
• Burley-on-the-Hill
• Cassiobury Park
• Clumber Park Picture: [2]
• Cobham Hall
• Culford Hall, now Culford School
• Dyrham Park
• Endsleigh House
• Grovelands Park
• Harewood House
• Hatchlands Park
• Kenwood House
• Longleat House Picture: [3]
• Plas Newydd
• Rode Hall Picture: [4]
• Royal Pavilion at Brighton
• Shardeloes
• Sheringham Park
• Tatton Park
• Uppark Picture: [5]
• West Wycombe
• Woburn Abbey

Attingham Park is a country house in Shropshire, England, which is owned by the National Trust. ... A chromolithograph of Cassiobury House, published around 1880. ... Clumber House from an old postcard. ... Cobham Hall circa 1880. ... Dyrham Park is a important baroque mansion near the village of Dyrham in Gloucestershire, England. ... Located in Winchmore Hill, London is Grovelands Park which originated as a private estate. ... Harewood House as of 2005, seen from the garden Harewood House from A Complete History of the County of York by Thomas Allen (1828–30), showing the house before Barry altered the facades and added an extra storey to the pavilions. ... Built in 1758 for Admiral Boscawen and set in a beautiful Repton park offering a variety of park & woodland walks, Hatchlands Park contains splendid interiors by Robert Adam, decorated in appropriately nautical style. ... Kenwood House Kenwood House (also known as the Iveagh Bequest) is a former stately home in Hampstead Heath in London. ... Plâs Newydd or Plas Newydd, located in Llanfairpwll, Anglesey, Wales, is the country seat of the Marquess of Anglesey ; the familys other seat being at Beaudesert, Staffordshire. ... The Royal Pavilion The Royal Pavilion is a splendid palace built in Brighton, East Sussex in the 19th Century as a seaside retreat for the then Prince Regent. ... Brighton on the southern Sussex coast is one of the largest and most famous seaside resorts in England. ... Shardeloes is a large 18th century country house 1 mile northwest of Amersham in Buckinghamshire, England. ... The Rhododendron gardens. ... We dont have an article called Tatton Park Start this article Search for Tatton Park in. ... Uppark is a house on top of the South Downs built for the first Lord Tankerville in the late 17th century. ... West Wycombe is an area located just north of High Wycombe in the United Kingdom and is the home of the West Wycombe Caves. ... The layout of Woburn before partial demolition. ...

Further reading

• Stephen Daniels, Humphry Repton: lanscape gardening and the geography of Georgian England (Yale, 1999)
• Dorothy Stroud, Humphry Repton (London, 1962)
• Tom Williamson, Polite landscapes: gardens and society in eighteenth century England (Sutton, 1995)

External links

References

• Britain Express. "Humphry Repton"
• Guthrie, Melva B. "Humphrey Repton"
• Humphry Repton - a Gardens Guide biography
• Perry, Jason. "Humphry Repton"

Pictures

• About Britain. "Bayham Abbey"
• Great British Gardens. "Clumber Park, Worksop"
• Grewe, Armin Homepage. "Longleat House"
• Randolph Caldecott Society. "Rode Hall"
• Landscape Architecture University of Oregon. "Humphrey Repton"