NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hungarian forint

The forint (currency code HUF) is the official currency of Hungary. It is divided into 100 fillér, although fillér coins have not been in circulation since 1999. Image File history File links HUF_2000_1998_obverse. ... Image File history File links Hungary - 100 forint - 1997 scan by --Paginazero 11:10, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC) File links The following pages link to this file: Forint ... The forint (currency code HUF) is the currency of Hungary. ... Look up Plural in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Plural is a grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world. ... Hungarian forint coins (Hungarian: forint Ã©rmÃ©k) are part of the physical form of current Hungarian currency, the Hungarian forint. ... Hungarian forint paper money (Hungarian: forint papÃrpÃ©nz) is part of the physical form of the current Hungarian currency, the Hungarian forint. ... The Hungarian National Bank (in Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Bank) is the central bank of Hungary. ... The word printer is used to describe a company that provides commercial printing services, involving typesetting, printing and book-binding. ... A mint is a facility which manufactures coins for currency. ... Terre Haute International Airport - Hulman Field (IATA: HUF, ICAO: KHUF) is a public airport located east of Terre Haute, Indiana. ... The forint (currency code HUF) is the currency of Hungary. ... This article is about the year. ...

History

The forint's name comes from the city of Florence, where golden money was minted from 1252 under the name fiorino d'oro. In Hungary, florentinus (later forint), also a gold-based currency, was used from 1325 under Charles Robert and several other countries followed its example. Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ... Florin may refer to this modern currency: Aruban florin. ... Events January 7:Alfonso IV becomes the King of Portugal. ... Charles I of Hungary Charles I of Hungary (Anjou France 1288 or 1291â€“VisegrÃ¡d, Hungary July 16, 1342), also called Charles Robert, Carobert and Charles I Robert, was the king of Hungary from August 27, 1310. ...

Between 1857 and 1892, the forint was the name used in Hungarian for the currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, known in German as the Austro-Hungarian gulden or Austrian florin. It was subdivided into 100 krajczár (krajcár in modern Hungarian). Official languages Latin, German, Hungarian Established church Roman Catholic Capital & Largest City Vienna pop. ... The gulden was the currency of Austria-Hungary between 1754 and 1892. ... Austria issued a coin called a Florin from 1857 until 1892. ... The krajcÃ¡r (in contemporary Hungarian orthography: krajczÃ¡r) was the Hungarian name of the Kreuzer denomination of Austria-Hungary. ...

The forint was reintroduced on 1 August 1946, after the 1945-1946 hyperinflation of the pengő. The process was managed by the Hungarian communist party, which held the relevant ministry seats and the forint's success was exploited for political gains, contributing to the 1948-49 communist take-over of state powers, thanks to organized en masse' election fraud called 'blue slip elections' after the ballot's color. The forint replaced the pengő at the rate of 1 forint = 4×10²⁹ pengő. In fact, this was an imaginary exchange rate, since the whole amount of pengő in circulation had a value of less than one forint at this rate. is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Certain figures in this article use scientific notation for readability. ... 10 PengÅ‘ (1936) 100 000 MilPengÅ‘ (1946) The pengÅ‘ (sometimes pengo) is a former currency of Hungary, used between January 21, 1927 and July 31, 1946, when it was replaced by the Forint after a period of intense hyperinflation. ...

Historically the forint was made up of 100 fillér, but fillér have been rendered useless by inflation and have not been in circulation since 1999. The Hungarian abbreviation for forint is Ft, which is written after the number with a space between. The name fillér, the subdivision of almost all Hungarian currencies, comes from the German word Heller. The abbreviation for the fillér is f, written also after the number with a space in between. However, since the demise of the fillér, this abbreviation is now seldom used.

After its 1946 introduction, the forint remained stable for several years, but started to lose its purchasing power as the state-socialist economic system lost its competitiveness during the 1970s and 1980s. After the democratic change of 1989-90, the forint saw yearly inflation figures of app. 35% for three years, but significant market economy reforms helped stabilize it. Since year 2000 the relatively high value of forint (especially compared to the falling US dollar and to some extent to the euro) handicaps the strongly export-oriented Hungarian industry against foreign competitors with lower valued currencies. The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... â€œEURâ€ redirects here. ...

As part of Hungary's integration into the European Union and its euro currency, the forint is slated to disappear circa 2010-2012, depending on the economic situation. As of autumn 2005, there is a strong disagreement between the Hungarian National Bank and the government whether EU-mandated low inflation figures and reduced foreign debt aims can be fulfilled by 2010. The situation threatens to make Hungary the last to adopt the euro currency of the ten countries that joined the EU in 2004. The Hungarian National Bank (in Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Bank) is the central bank of Hungary. ...

Coins

In 1992, a new series of forint coins was introduced with denominations ranging from 1 Ft to 200 Ft [1]. From 1996, a bicolour 100 Ft coin was minted to replace the 1992 version, since the latter one was considered to be too big, too ugly, and could be easily mistaken with the 20 Ft coin. The 200 Ft coin was made of 500 ‰ fine silver. From 1994, mass minting of the 200 Ft coin was stopped, since the price of the metal was getting higher than the face value of the coin. However, small issues for collector purposes were minted until 1998, when both the 1992 type 100 Ft and the 200 Ft coins were withdrawn from circulation. Hungarian forint coins (Hungarian: forint Ã©rmÃ©k) are part of the physical form of current Hungarian currency, the Hungarian forint. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1333x423, 190 KB) Photo taken on my stay in Hungary. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1333x423, 190 KB) Photo taken on my stay in Hungary. ... The 1 euro coin is bi-metallic, it is made of two different alloys: the inner part of cupronickel, the outer part of nickel brass Bi-metallic coins are coins consisting of more than one metal or alloy, generally arranged with an outer ring around a contrasting center. ... Millesimal fineness is a system of denoting the purity of platinum, gold and silver alloys by parts per thousand of pure metal in the alloy. ...

The 1Ft denomination was illegally exported to Canada in significant amounts, as the tiny coin could be used in place of genuine tokens for entry at the underground railway's automatic gates. Considering the minimal value of 1Ft coins, this was a highly profitable venture that lasted until the machines were reprogrammed. ^{[citation needed]} Token can mean one of several things: In computer science, specifically lexical analysis, a token is usually a word or an atomic element within a string. ...

The 50 forint coin is confused with the UK 50 pence coin by some vending machines in the UK. ^{[citation needed]}

Banknotes

The recent series of forint banknotes with improved security features[2] was introduced from 1997 onwards. Each banknote depicts a famous Hungarian leader or politician on the obverse and a place related to him on the reverse. All of the banknotes are watermarked, contain an embedded vertical security strip of thin metal and suitable for the visually impaired people. As of April 2006 the 1000 forint note has added a copper holographic security strip. The 2000 forint and higher denominations are also protected by an interwoven silver-coloured holographic security strip, whilst the updated 1000 forint note contains a red copper coloured holographic strip. The notes share the common size of 154 × 70 mm. The banknotes are printed by the Hungarian Banknote Printing Corp. in Budapest on the paper manufactured by the Diósgyőr Papermill in Miskolc. Hungarian forint paper money (Hungarian: forint papÃrpÃ©nz) is part of the physical form of the current Hungarian currency, the Hungarian forint. ... This Crown & CA (for Crown Agent) watermark was standard for postage stamps of the British colonies from the 1880s to the 1920s. ... This article is about the photographic technique. ... This article is about the photographic technique. ... Nickname: Location of Miskolc in Hungary Coordinates: , Country Hungary Region Northern Hungary County Borsod-AbaÃºj-ZemplÃ©n Town since 1365 City since 1909 Urban county since 1970 Government - Mayor SÃ¡ndor KÃ¡li (MSZP) Area - City 236. ...

Forgery of forint is not significant, but sometimes colour photo-copiers are abused by teenagers to produce low quality fake money for shopping and gambling purposes. For foreign visitors to Hungary, the main danger lies in exchanging their forint to international currencies. Fake dollars and euro banknotes are commonly disseminated by illegal street money exchangers. For your own safety, do not attempt to exchange currency from touts. Legal currency exchange is only available in licenced booths, which always operate under the consortium of some commercial bank and always provide a receipt of the transaction. Clients may be requested to produce a valid photographic ID when exchanging currency. It must be noted that foreign coins are seldom exchanged, and when they are, the exchange is normally done at a rate lower than the spot rate. To avoid hassle with currency exchange, an alternative is to use internationally known and accepted credit cards for payments in Hungary. A commercial bank is a type of financial intermediary and a type of bank. ... A receipt is a written acknowledgement that a specified article or sum of money has been received. ... Credit cards A credit card is a system of payment named after the small plastic card issued to users of the system. ...

In 2006 a special-issue 500-forint bill was issued to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the 1956 revolution. The picture on the front of the bill is the same as the normal 500-forint bill, but with the date October 23, 1956 added, whereas the back has a picture of the Parliament building as well as the revolutionary flag. Combatants Soviet Union; ÃVH (Hungarian State Security Police) Ad hoc local Hungarian militias Commanders Ivan Konev Various independent militia leaders Strength 150,000 troops, 6,000 tanks Unknown number of militia and rebelling soldiers Casualties 722 killed, 1,251 wounded[1] 2,500 killed 13,000 wounded[2] The Hungarian...

History of coins and notes

In 1946, the new forint series was introduced, and older banknotes with the previous coat of arms were used. These were in circulation until 1999. The denominations of the old coins were 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 fillér, and 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 forint. These coins were larger than the current ones of the same denomination. The existing notes were 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 5000 forints, although 10 and 20 forint notes have become rare in the later years. The 1000 forint note was introduced in 1983, the 5000 forint note in 1991. All of the old series notes have been de-monetised, and as of December 2006 only denominations higher than 500 forints can be exchanged at the offices of the Magyar Nemzeti Bank. This also means that the most numerous forint note of all time, the 100 forint note can no longer be exchanged. Image File history File links HUF_100_1992_obverse. ... Image File history File links HUF_100_1992_obverse. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Hungarian National Bank (in Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Bank) is the central bank of Hungary. ...

The current generation of coins and notes were introduced between 1997 and 2001. The first note of this series was the 10.000 forint note, released on July 1, 1997 These include the new coat of arms with the crown. The smallest denomination was 1 forint, and because at the time this was actually worth something, the old 50 fillér coins were not de-monetised until 1998, and although they had no legal tender status, they were used right up until 2000. The banknotes are all the same size, and have modern security features unlike the old ones. All current notes were designed by Károly Vagyóczky, a well-known banknote designer of the Magyar Nemzeti Bank. Since their issue, some of the notes have been slightly modified for greater security (the 500, 1000 are the most prominent examples, the latter having been updated twice already). In 2001 the last note of the series, the 20000 forint note was introduced. The Magyar Nemzeti Bank has declared that it is not planning to introduce any further notes, due to the planned introduction of the euro. Some coins have been replaced, such as the 100 forint coin, which is now a bi-metallic coin, whilst others have been removed from circulation, such as the silver-alloy 200 forint coin. is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar). ... Coat of Arms of Hungary The Coat of Arms of Hungary was adopted in July 1990, after the end of the Socialist regime, although it has been used before, both with and without the crown, sometimes as part of a larger, more complex coat of arms, and many of its... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... The Hungarian National Bank (in Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Bank) is the central bank of Hungary. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... The Hungarian National Bank (in Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Bank) is the central bank of Hungary. ... â€œEURâ€ redirects here. ...

Demonetisation and withdrawal

Like any central bank around the world, the Hungarian National Bank is responsible for maintaining the quality of the notes in circulation, and is therefore licenced to issue new notes and withdraw old ones. The current series of Hungarian Forint banknotes have been circulating for about a decade, and will probably remain in circulation until the Hungarian Forint is replaced by the euro. The old series, however, lost legal tender value in 1999, and cannot be used in circulation any more. The table below contains the withdrawal dates of the banknotes issued by the Hungarian National Bank. Forint, or HUF (Hungarian forint) is the official currency of Hungary. ... Forint, or HUF (Hungarian forint) is the official currency of Hungary. ... â€œEURâ€ redirects here. ...

The Hungarian National Bank only exchanges currency issued in forint denominations. Pengő currency can no longer be exchanged. Any forint notes can be exchanged at any of the three offices of the Hungarian National Bank. is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Withdrawal of the pre-2006 1000 Forint notes

The Hungarian National Bank has recently announced the withdrawal of the 1000 forint notes issued prior to 2006. This affects the 1000 forint note from the current series, but without the red metallic strip on the obverse side, ie. also the Millennium issue. These notes remain in circulation until August 31, 2007. After this period, the note may be refused for payment. However, commercial banks may exchange these notes thereafter. The Hungarian National Bank will continue to exchange these notes for twenty years, until August 31, 2027. is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2027 (MMXXVII) will be a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Historical exchange rates

â€œEURâ€ redirects here. ... â€œGBPâ€ redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

Categories: Articles lacking sources | All articles lacking sources | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 | Currencies of Hungary | Guilder | Currencies of Europe | Circulating currencies | Economy of Hungary ISO 4217 Code HUP User(s) Hungary Subunit 1/100 fillÃ©r (defunct) Symbol P Banknotes 10 000, 100 000, 1 million, 10 million, 100 million, 1000 million milpengÅ‘; 10 000, 100 000, 1 million, 10 million, 100 million b. ... is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... ISO 4217 Code HUP User(s) Hungary Subunit 1/100 fillÃ©r (defunct) Symbol P Banknotes 10 000, 100 000, 1 million, 10 million, 100 million, 1000 million milpengÅ‘; 10 000, 100 000, 1 million, 10 million, 100 million b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... The gulden was the currency of Austria-Hungary between 1754 and 1892. ... User(s) Austria-Hungary, Liechtenstein Subunit 1/100 heller fillÃ©r Symbol K, kr Coins 1, 2, 10, 20 heller / fillÃ©r 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 100 Krone(n) / korona Banknotes 1, 2, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 200, 1000, 10 000 Krone(n) / korona Austro-Hungarian Bank This... User(s) Hungary Subunit 1/100 fillÃ©r Symbol K, kr Coins 1, 2, 10, 20 fillÃ©r, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 100 korona Banknotes 1, 2, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000, 25 000, 50 000, 100 000, 500 000, 1 000 000 korona Hungarian... ISO 4217 Code HUP User(s) Hungary Subunit 1/100 fillÃ©r (defunct) Symbol P Banknotes 10 000, 100 000, 1 million, 10 million, 100 million, 1000 million milpengÅ‘; 10 000, 100 000, 1 million, 10 million, 100 million b. ... The adÃ³pengÅ‘ (in English: tax pengÅ‘) was a unit of currency of Hungary between 1 January 1946 when it was introduced as part of a stabilisation attempt of the pengÅ‘ and 31 July 1946 when both were replaced by the forint. ... Austro-Hungarian gulden coins were minted following the Ausgleich with different designs for the two parts of the empire. ... Austro-Hungarian krone coins were minted with different design (but the same technical parameters) in Austria and Hungary. ... Hungarian pengÅ‘ coins (Hungarian: pengÅ‘ Ã©rmÃ©k) were part of the physical form of Hungarys historical currency, the Hungarian pengÅ‘. Intially, higher value coins were made of silver to reflect value and stability. ... Hungarian forint coins (Hungarian: forint Ã©rmÃ©k) are part of the physical form of current Hungarian currency, the Hungarian forint. ... Austro-Hungarian gulden paper money first appeared after 1881. ... Austro-Hungarian krone paper money appeared in the beginning of the XXth century - almost ten years after the coins were introduced. ... Hungarian pengÅ‘ paper money (Hungarian: pengÅ‘ papÃrpÃ©nz) was part of the physical form of Hungarys historical currency, the Hungarian pengÅ‘. Paper money usually meant banknotes, which were issued (either in fact or in name) by the Hungarian National Bank. ... The adÃ³pengÅ‘ bonds and certificates served as money in the last days before the introduction of the Hungarian forint. ... Hungarian forint paper money (Hungarian: forint papÃrpÃ©nz) is part of the physical form of the current Hungarian currency, the Hungarian forint. ... Guilder is the English translation of gulden, Dutch for golden. The gulden originated as a gold coin (hence the name) but has been a common name for a silver or base metal coin for some centuries. ... Florin may refer to: Modern currency Aruban florin, the currency of Aruba Hungarian forint, the official currency of Hungary The currency sign Æ’, called the florin sign Obsolete coins Italian coin florin, minted in Florence in 1252 (origin of name florin), first gold coin minted after the Dark Ages in Western... The Aruban florin is the official currency of Aruba. ... The gulden is the unit of currency in the Netherlands Antilles. ... ISO 4217 Code PLN User(s) Poland Inflation 2. ... The gulden was the currency of Austria-Hungary between 1754 and 1892. ... The Gulden was a currency of Baden until 1873. ... The Gulden was the currency of Bavaria until 1873. ... The guilder was the currency of British Guiana (initially known as Essequibo and Demerara) between 1796 and 1839. ... The gulden was the currency of Danzig (now Gdansk) between 1923 and 1939. ... ISO 4217 Code NLG User(s) The Netherlands Inflation 2. ... The florin was the unit of currency in the British colonies and protectorates of East Africa between 1920 and 1921. ... The Gulden was the currency of the Swiss canton of Fribourg until 1798. ... The florin was the currency of Lombardy-Venetia between 1857 and 1866. ... The Gulden was the currency of the Swiss canton of Luzern until 1798. ... The gulden was the currency of the Netherlands Indies until 1949. ... The gulden was the currency of NeuchÃ¢tel until 1850. ... The Gulden was the currency of the Swiss canton of Schwyz until 1798. ... The gulden was the currency of the states of southern Germany between 1754 and 1873. ... The gulden (currency code SRG) was the currency of Suriname until 2004. ... The fiorino was the currency of Tuscany between 1826 and 1859. ... The gulden was the currency of West New Guinea until 1963. ... The Gulden was the currency of WÃ¼rttemberg until 1873. ... The nineteenth and twentieth century Florin or Two Shillings coin should not be confused with the medieval gold Florin, which was worth six shillings. ... The Florin or Double Leopard was an attempt by English king Edward III to produce a gold coinage suitable for use in Europe as well as in England (see also Half Florin or Leopard and Quarter Florin or Helm). ... The Irish florin coin featured the salmon and the original minting of the coin from 1928 until 1943 contained 75% silver, a higher content than the equivalent British coin. ... The back of an Italian florin coin The front of an Italian florin coin The florin was struck from 1252 to 1523 with no significant change in its design or metal content standard. ... Æ’ The florin sign (Æ’) is a symbol that is used for the currencies florin, also called a gulden and guilder. ... â€œEURâ€ redirects here. ... The Eurozone (also called Euro Area, Eurosystem or Euroland) refers to the European Union member states that have adopted the euro currency union. ... Enlargement of the eurozone is currently a policy of the European Central Bank, enforced by EU treaties. ... Currently there are several currencies pegged to the euro, some with fluctuation bands around a central rate and others with no fluctuations allowed around the central rate. ... There are three stages of monetary cooperation in the European Union. ... The European Currency Unit (â‚ ; ECU) was a basket of the currencies of the European Community member states, used as the unit of account of the European Community before being replaced by the euro. ... Eurozone countries ERM II countries other EU countries unilaterally adopted euro The European Exchange Rate Mechanism, ERM, was a system introduced by the European Community in March 1979, as part of the European Monetary System (EMS), to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability in Europe, in preparation for... In economics, a monetary union is a situation where several countries have agreed to share a single currency among them. ... The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) is an agreement by European Union member states related to their conduct of fiscal policy, to facilitate and maintain Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union. ... The introduction of the euro took place principally between 31 December 1998, when the exchange rates between the euro and legacy currencies in the Eurozone became fixed, and early 2002, when euro notes and coins were introduced and the legacy currencies withdrawn. ... The euro (EUR or â‚¬) is the currency of 13 European Union (EU) member states (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain), three European microstates which have currency agreements with the EU (Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican City State), Andorra, Montenegro and the... The euro sign in its official logo form. ... The euro (€; ISO 4217 code EUR) is the currency of twelve of the twenty-five nations that form the European Union (and four outside it, as well as Montenegro and Kosovo), which form the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Belgium_(civil). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Finland. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ireland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Luxembourg. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Monaco. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_San_Marino. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovenia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Vatican_City. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bulgaria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cyprus. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic. ... Czech euro coins have not yet been designed. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Estonia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Latvia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lithuania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malta. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Romania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovakia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Andorra. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Denmark. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... 1 cent euro coins are made of a steel core plated with copper. ... 2 cent euro coins are made of a steel core plated with copper. ... 5 cent euro coins are made of a steel core plated with copper. ... 10 cent euro coins are made of copper alloy (Nordic gold). ... 20 cent euro coins are made of copper alloy (Nordic gold). ... 50 cent euro coins are made of copper alloy (Nordic gold). ... 1 euro coins are made of two alloys: the inner part of cupronickel, the outer part of nickel brass. ... // 2 euro coins are made of an inner coin and an outer ring. ... The new reverse side of all â‚¬2 coins from 2007 onwards. ... The Schilling was the currency of Austria until 1999, when the Euro was introduced at a fixed parity of â‚¬1 = 13. ... ISO 4217 Code BEF User(s) Belgium, Luxembourg ERM Since 13 March 1979 Fixed rate since 31 December 1998 Replaced by â‚¬, non cash 1 January 1999 Replaced by â‚¬, cash 1 January 2002 â‚¬ = 40. ... ISO 4217 Code NLG User(s) The Netherlands Inflation 2. ... The markka or mark was the currency used in Finland from 1861 until January 1, 1999, when it was replaced by the euro (€). The currency code used for the markka was FIM, and the usual familiar notation was a postfix mk. ... ISO 4217 Code FRF User(s) Monaco, Andorra, France except New Caledonia, French Polynesia, and Wallis and Futuna ERM Since 13 March 1979 Fixed rate since 31 December 1998 Replaced by â‚¬, non cash 1 January 1999 Replaced by â‚¬, cash 1 January 2002 â‚¬ = 6. ... ISO 4217 Code DEM User(s) Germany, Montenegro, Kosovo ERM Since 13 March 1979 Fixed rate since 31 December 1998 Replaced by â‚¬, non cash 1 January 1999 Replaced by â‚¬, cash 1 January 2002 â‚¬ = 1. ... ISO 4217 Code GRD User(s) Greece Inflation 3. ... ISO 4217 Code IEP User(s) Ireland ERM Since 13 March 1979 Fixed rate since 31 December 1998 Replaced by â‚¬, non cash 1 January 1999 Replaced by â‚¬, cash 1 January 2002 â‚¬ = Â£0. ... ISO 4217 Code ITL User(s) Italy, San Marino, Vatican City, but not Campione dItalia Inflation 2. ... The franc was the currency of Luxembourg from 1854 until 2002. ... The MonÃ©gasque franc was one of the official currencies of the Principality of Monaco until 2002, when it changed to the Euro. ... The escudo was the official currency of Portugal prior to the introduction of the euro in 1 January 1999 (euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002). ... The San Marinese lira (plural lire) was the official unit of San Marino from the 1860s until the introduction of the Euro in 2002. ... ISO 4217 Code SIT User(s) Slovenia Inflation 0. ... ISO 4217 Code ESP User(s) Spain, Andorra Inflation 1. ... The Vatican lira (plural lire) was the official unit of the Vatican City State. ... Eurozone countries ERM II countries other EU countries unilaterally adopted euro The European Exchange Rate Mechanism, ERM, was a system introduced by the European Community in March 1979, as part of the European Monetary System (EMS), to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability in Europe, in preparation for... ISO 4217 Code CYP User(s) Cyprus (except in the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus), Akrotiri and Dhekelia Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code DKK User(s) Denmark, Greenland, Faroe Islands 1 Inflation 1. ... The Kroon is the official currency of Estonia. ... The 5 lats coin, used before WWII, becamed a popular symbol of independence during the Soviet era The lats (in Latvian: lats, plural lati, the ISO 4217 currency code: LVL) is the official currency of Latvia. ... The litas (ISO currency code LTL, symbolized as Lt; plural litai or litÅ³) is the official currency of Lithuania. ... The Maltese lira, known in the Maltese language as the Lira Maltija, is the currency of Malta. ... ISO 4217 Code SKK User(s) Slovakia Inflation 2. ... â€œGBPâ€ redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code BGN User(s) Bulgaria Inflation 7. ... ISO 4217 Code CZK User(s) Czech Republic Inflation 1. ... ISO 4217 code: GIP Symbol: Â£ 1/100th unit: penny Introduced in: 1927 Exchange Rates May 2006 USD exchange: 0. ... ISO 4217 Code PLN User(s) Poland Inflation 2. ... For the Moldovan currency, see Moldovan leu. ... ISO 4217 Code SEK User(s) Sweden Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code DKK User(s) Denmark, Greenland, Faroe Islands 1 Inflation 1. ... â€œGBPâ€ redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code SEK User(s) Sweden Inflation 2. ... Since the introduction of parliamentarism in Sweden six referenda have been held. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... The Eurozone (also called Euro Area, Eurosystem or Euroland) refers to the European Union member states that have adopted the euro currency union. ... â€œEURâ€ redirects here. ... Northern Europe Northern Europe is the northern part of the European continent. ... ISO 4217 Code DKK User(s) Denmark, Greenland, Faroe Islands 1 Inflation 1. ... The Faroese krÃ³na is the currency of the Faroes. ... KrÃ³na (plural krÃ³nur) is the name of the currency used in Iceland. ... ISO 4217 Code NOK User(s) Norway Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code SEK User(s) Sweden Inflation 2. ... Population density in the wider Baltic region. ... The Kroon is the official currency of Estonia. ... The 5 lats coin, used before WWII, becamed a popular symbol of independence during the Soviet era The lats (in Latvian: lats, plural lati, the ISO 4217 currency code: LVL) is the official currency of Latvia. ... The litas (ISO currency code LTL, symbolized as Lt; plural litai or litÅ³) is the official currency of Lithuania. ... The borders of Western Europe were largely defined by the Cold War. ... â€œGBPâ€ redirects here. ... The Guernsey pound (currency code GGP) is the currency used in Guernsey. ... ISO 4217 Code none User(s) Jersey Inflation 5. ... The pound is the currency of the Isle of Man. ... Central Europe The Alpine Countries and the VisegrÃ¡d Group (Political map, 2004) Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. ... ISO 4217 Code CZK User(s) Czech Republic Inflation 1. ... ISO 4217 Code PLN User(s) Poland Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code SKK User(s) Slovakia Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code CHF User(s) Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Campione dItalia Inflation 1. ... Pre-1989 division between the West (grey) and Eastern Bloc (orange) superimposed on current national boundaries: Russia (dark orange), other countries of the former USSR (medium orange),members of the Warsaw pact (light orange), and other former Communist regimes not aligned with Moscow (lightest orange). ... Belarusian ruble (ISO-code BYR, before 2000 - BYB) is the official currency of Belarus. ... ISO 4217 Code KZT User(s) Kazakhstan Inflation 8. ... ISO 4217 Code RUB User(s) Russia and self-proclaimed Abkhazia and South Ossetia Inflation 7% Source Rosstat, 2007 Subunit 1/100 kopek (ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ°) Symbol Ñ€ÑƒÐ± kopek (ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ°) Ðº Plural The language(s) of this currency is of the Slavic languages. ... Capital Sokhumi Official languages Abkhaz, Georgian Government - Chairman, Cabinet of Ministers - Chairman, Supreme Council Temur Mzhavia Autonomous republic of Georgia - Georgian independence Declared Recognised 9 April 1991 25 December 1991 Currency Georgian lari (GEL) Anthem Aiaaira Capital Sukhumi Official languages Abkhaz, Russian1 Government - President Sergei Bagapsh - Prime Minister Alexander Ankvab... Anthem unknown Capital Tskhinvali Official languages Ossetian1 Government - President Eduard Kokoity - Prime Minister Yury Morozov De facto independence from Georgia - Declared November 28, 1991 - Recognition none Currency Russian ruble (RUB) Russian in widespread use by government and other institutions. ... ISO 4217 Code None User(s) Transnistria Inflation 10. ... ISO 4217 Code UAH User(s) Ukraine Inflation 11. ... The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe southeastern Europe (see the Definitions and boundaries section below). ... Lek is the currency used in Albania. ... ISO 4217 Code BAM User(s) Bosnia and Herzegovina Inflation 8. ... ISO 4217 Code BGN User(s) Bulgaria Inflation 7. ... â€œHRKâ€ redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code MKD User(s) Republic of Macedonia Inflation rate 0% Source The World Factbook, 2005 est. ... 1 Moldovan leu note, obverse and reverse The leu (ISO 4217 code MDL) is the national currency of Moldova. ... For the Moldovan currency, see Moldovan leu. ... ISO 4217 Code RSD User(s) Serbia (including parts of Kosovo) Inflation 6. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... ISO 4217 Code CYP User(s) Cyprus (except in the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus), Akrotiri and Dhekelia Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 code: GIP Symbol: Â£ 1/100th unit: penny Introduced in: 1927 Exchange Rates May 2006 USD exchange: 0. ... The Maltese lira, known in the Maltese language as the Lira Maltija, is the currency of Malta. ... TRY banknotes and coins The Turkish new lira is the current currency of Turkey and of the de facto state Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. ... The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus(TRNC) {NOTE: the name is not accepted by UN} , in Turkish Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti, is a self-proclaimed state occupying the northern third of the island of Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean. ... Transcaucasia is the name given to a region south of the Caucasus Mountains that covers Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. ... ISO 4217 Code AMD User(s) Armenia and the self proclaimed Nagorno Karabakh Republic Inflation -0. ... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... ISO 4217 Code AZN User(s) Azerbaijan except Nagorno-Karabakh Inflation 11. ... Georgian 1 lari Georgian 2 lari Georgian 5 lari Georgian 10 lari Georgian 50 lari Georgian 100 lari The lari (Georgian: áƒšáƒáƒ áƒ˜ ; ISO 4217:GEL) is the national currency of Georgia. ...

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